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PhotogiSphi; 

Sciences 
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WEBSTER,  N.Y.  14580 

(716)  872-4503 


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CIHM/ICMH 

Microfiche 

Series. 


CIHM/ICIVIH 
Collection  de 
microfiches. 


Canadian  institute  for  Historical  Microreproductions  /  Institut  Canadian  de  microreproductions  historiques 


Technical  and  Bibliographic  Notes/Notes  techniques  et  bibliographiques 


The  Institute  has  attempted  to  obtain  the  best 
original  copy  available  for  filming.  Features  of  this 
copy  which  may  be  bibliographicaliy  unique, 
which  may  alter  any  of  the  images  in  the 
reproduction,  or  which  may  significantly  change 
the  usual  method  of  filming,  are  checked  below. 


D 


D 


D 


n 


D 


Coloured  covers/ 
Couverture  de  couleur 


I      I    Covers  damaged/ 


Couverture  endommagde 


Covers  restored  and/or  laminated/ 
Couverture  restaurie  et/ou  pellicul6e 


I      I    Cover  title  missing/ 


Le  titre  de  couverture  manque 


I      I    Coloured  maps/ 


Cartes  g^ographiques  en  couleur 


Coloured  ink  (i.e.  other  than  blue  or  black)/ 
Encre  de  couleur  (i.e.  autre  que  bleue  ou  noire) 


I      I    Coloured  plates  and/or  illustrations/ 


Planches  et/ou  illustrations  en  couleur 

Bound  with  other  material/ 
Reli6  avec  d'autres  documents 

Tight  binding  may  cause  shadows  or  distortion 
along  interior  margin/ 

La  re  Mure  serrde  peut  causer  de  I'ombre  ou  de  la 
distortion  le  long  de  la  marge  int^rieure 

Blank  leaves  added  during  restoration  may 
appear  within  the  text.  Whenever  possible,  these 
have  been  omitted  from  filming/ 
II  se  peut  que  certaines  pages  blanches  ajoutdes 
lors  d'une  restauration  apparaissent  dans  le  texte, 
mais,  lorsque  cela  6tait  possible,  ces  pages  n'ont 
pas  6t6  filmdes. 

Additional  comments:/ 
Commentaires  suppldmentaires; 


L'Institut  a  microfilm^  le  meilleur  exemplaire 
qu'il  lui  a  6t6  possible  de  se  procurer.  Les  d6^;>ils 
de  cet  exemplaire  qui  sont  peut-dtre  unique?  du 
point  de  vue  bibliographique,  qui  peuvent  modifier 
une  image  reproduite,  ou  qui  peuvent  exiger  une 
modification  dans  la  m6thode  normale  de  filmage 
sont  indiquds  ci-dessous. 


n 

D 


D 
D 


Coloured  pages/ 
Pages  de  couleur 

Pages  damaged/ 
Pages  endommagdes 

Pages  restored  and/or  laminated/ 
Pages  restaurdes  et/ou  pellicul6es 

Pages  discoloured,  stained  or  foxed/ 
Pages  d6color6es,  tachetdes  ou  piqudes 

Pages  detached/ 
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Transparence 


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ensure  the  best  possible  image/ 
Les  pages  totalement  ou  partiellement 
obscurcies  par  un  feuillet  d'errata,  une  pelure, 
etc.,  ont  6t^  filmdes  d  nouveau  de  fa^on  d 
obtenir  la  meilleure  image  possible. 


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This  item  is  filmed  at  the  reduction  ratio  checked  below/ 

Ce  document  est  fiimd  au  taux  de  reduction  indiqud  ci-dessous. 

10X  14X  18X  22X 


26X 


30X 


V 


12X 


16X 


20X 


24X 


28X 


32X 


Th«  copy  fllmad  h«r«  hat  b—n  r«produc«d  thanks 
to  tha  ganaroaity  of: 

Library  Division 

Provincial  Archives  of  British  Columbia 


L'axamplaira  fllm4  f ut  raproduit  grica  A  la 
g4n*rosltA  da: 

Library  Division 

Provincial  Archives  of  British  Columbia 


Tha  imagaa  appaaring  hara  ara  tha  bast  quality 
posaibia  considaring  tha  condition  and  lagibility 
of  tha  original  copy  and  in  kaaping  with  tha 
filming  contract  spacif i'^ations. 


Laa  imagaa  suivantas  ont  AtA  raproduitas  avac  la 
plus  grand  soin,  compta  tanu  da  la  condition  at 
da  la  nattat*  da  l'axamplaira  film*,  at  an 
conformity  avac  las  conditions  du  contrat  da 
fiimaga. 


Original  copias  in  printad  papar  covars  ara  filmad 
baginning  with  tha  front  covar  and  anding  on 
tha  laat  paga  with  a  printad  or  iliustratad  impras- 
sion.  or  tha  back  covar  whan  appropriata.  All 
othar  original  copias  ara  filmad  baginning  on  tha 
first  paga  with  a  printad  or  iliustratad  impras- 
sion.  and  anding  on  tha  last  paga  with  a  printad 
or  iliustratad  imprassion. 


Las  axamplairas  originaux  dont  la  couvartura  an 
papiar  ast  imprimia  sont  filmts  an  commanpant 
par  la  pramiar  plat  at  an  tarminant  soit  par  la 
darniira  paga  qui  comporta  una  amprainta 
d'imprassion  ou  d'iilustration.  soit  par  la  sacond 
plat,  salon  la  cas.  Tous  las  autras  axamplairas 
originaux  sont  fiimte  an  commandant  par  la 
pramiAra  paga  qui  comporta  una  amprainta 
d'imprassion  ou  d'iilustration  at  an  tarminant  par 
la  darniira  paga  qui  comporta  una  taiia 
amprainta. 


Tha  last  racordad  frama  on  aach  microf icha 
shall  contain  tha  symbol  -^  (maaning  "CON- 
TINUED ").  or  tha  symbol  Y  (maaning  "END"), 
whichavar  applias. 


Un  das  symboias  suivants  apr^araftra  sur  ia 
darniAre  imaga  da  chaqua  microficha,  salon  ia 
cas:  ia  symbols  —^  signifia  "A  SUIVRE",  la 
symbols  V  signifia  "FIN  ". 


Maps,  piatas,  charts,  ate  may  ba  filmad  at 
diffarant  raduction  ratios.  Thosa  too  iarga  to  ba 
antiraly  includad  in  ona  axposura  ara  filmad 
baginning  in  tha  uppar  laft  hand  cornar.  laft  to 
right  and  top  to  bottom,  as  many  framas  as 
raquirad.  Tha  following  diagrams  iMustrata  tha 
mathod: 


Las  cartas,  pianchas.  tableaux,  etc..  pauvent  Atre 
fiimAs  A  das  taux  da  reduction  diffArants. 
Lorsqus  la  document  est  trop  grand  pour  Atre 
reproduit  en  un  seui  ciichA.  il  est  fiimA  A  partir 
de  i'angle  supArieur  gauche,  de  gauche  A  droite, 
et  de  haut  en  bas.  en  prenant  la  nombra 
d'imagas  nAcessaire.  Les  diagrammas  suivrnts 
iiiustrent  la  m6thode. 


1 

2 

3 

12  3 

4  5  6 


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CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


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CONTENTS. 


5 


9  to  73 


LIFE  of  Captain  Cook, 

First    Voyage    of   Captain 
i  Cook  commenced  in  1768, 
and  finished  in  1771, 

Second  Voyage  of  Cap 
tain  Cook,  commenced  m- 
1 772,  and  finished  in  1 775, 1 74  to  344 

Divisions  of  the  Second  Voyage. 

Departure  from  England  I o 
their  Arrival  at  the  Socie- 
ty Isles,        -        -      -    174  to  222 

^^*  This  Pari  includes  Captain  FiiT'- 

neaux^s  Account  of  his  First 

Separation. 

Departure  from  the  Society 
Isles  to  their  Return,  and 
leaving  them  the  Second 
Time, 222to3U 

From  leaving  New  Zealand 
to  their  Return  to  Eng- 
land,       «        -        •       314  to  344 

^4^*  This  Part  includes  Captain  fhr^ 
maux^s  Second  SeparoHon^ 


hi 


THE  LIFE  OF 


CAPTAIN  JAMES  COOK. 


J  AMES  COOK  was  born  at  Marton,  in  Cleveland* 
near  Grea;  Ayton,  in  Yorkshire,  in  Nov.  1728.  His 
father  was  a  day  labourer  to  a  farmer,  and  lived  in  a 
small  village,  surrounded  with  mud  walls.  His  fa* 
ther  afterwards  removed  to  Great  Ayton,  where  he 
was  employed  as  a  hind,  by  the  late  Thomaa  Scut- 
towe,  Esq.  assisted  by  his  son  in  the  difierent  bran* 
ches  of  husbandry. 

At  the  age  of  thirteen,  he  was  put  under  the  carfe 
^of  Mr.  Pullen,  a  schoolmaster  who  taught  at  Ayton» 
where  he  learned  arithmetic,  book-keeping,  dec.  and 
is  said  to  have  shewn  a  very  early  genius  for  figures. 
About  Jan.  1745,  at  the  age  of  seventeen,  his  uithef 
bound  him  apprentice  to  learn  the  grtx^ery  and  ha- 
berdashery business  at  Snaith ;;  but  after  a  year  and 
a  haifs  servitude,  having  contracted  a  strong  pro- 

Eensity  to  the  sea,  his  master  was  willing  to  indulge 
im  in  following  the  bent  of  his  inclination,  and  gave 
[up  his  indentures* 

I  In  July,  1746,  he  was  bound  apprentice  to  Mr-  J. 
[Walker  of  Whitby,  for  the  term  of  three  years, 
which  time  he  served  to  his  master's  full  satisfaction. 
He  first  sailed  on  board  the  ship  Freelove,  chiefly 
employed  in  the  coal  trade  from  Newcastle  to  Lon* 
don. 

In  the  spring,  1750.  Mr.  Cook  shipped  himself  ait 
^seaman  on  board  the  Maria,  under  the  command 
of  Captain  Gaskin.  In  her  he  continued  aU  that 
year  m  the  Baltic  trade. 

VOL.!..  A  . 


vi        THE  LIFE  OF  CAPTAIN  COOK. 


M 


In  1753,  he  entered  on  board  his  Majesty's  ship 
Eagle  ;  *'  having  a  mind/'  as  he  expressed  himself, 
•*  to  try  his  fortune  that  way.  Some  time  after,  the 
Eagle  sailed  with  another  frigate  on  a  cruise,  in 
which  they  were  very  successful. 

He  received  a  commission  as  Lieutenant,  on  the 
first  day  of  April,  1760  ;  and  soon  after  gave  a  spe- 
cimen of  those  abilities,  which  recommended  h?m  to 
the  commands  ^vhich  he  executed  so  highly  to  his 
credit,  that  his  name  will  go  down  to  posterity,  as 
one  of  the  most  skilful  navigators  which  this  country 
liath  produced. 

In  the  year  1765,  he  was  with  Sir  William  Burna- 
by,  on  the  Jamaica  station  ;  and  behaved  in  such  a 
manner  as  entitled  him  to  the  approbation  of  the 
Admiral. 

In  the  year  1767,  the  Royal  Society  resolved,  that 
it  would  be  proper  to  send  some  persons  into  some 
part  of  the  South  Seas,  to  observe  the  transit  of  the 
planet  Venus  over  the  Sun^s  disk ;  and  Otaheite  be- 
ing fixed  upon,  the  Endeavour,  a  ship  built  for  the 
coal  trade,  wa&put  nito  commission,  and  the  com- 
mand of  her  given  to  Lieutenant  Cook,  who  was  ap- 
pointed with  Mr.  Charles  Green  to  observe  the  tran- 
sit. 

In  this  voyage  he  was  accompanied  by  Joseph" 
Banks,  Esq-  since  Sir  Joseph,  and  Dr.  Solander.  On 
the  13th  of  April,  1769,  he  came  to  Otaheite,  wher6 
the  transit  of  Venus  was  observed  in  different  parts 
of  the  island.  He  came  to  anchor  in  the  Downs  on 
the  12th  of  June,  after  having  being  absent  almost 
three  years,  in  whieh  he  had  made  discoveries  equal 
to  all  the  navigators  of  his  country,  from  the  time  of 
Columbus  to  the  present 

Soon  after  Captain  Cook's  return  to  England,  it 
l^as  resolved  to  equip  two  ships  to  complete  the  dis- 
covery of  the  Southern  hemisphere.  It  had  long  been 
a  prevailing  idea,  that  the  unexplored  part  cx>ntained 
another  continent.  To  ascertain  the  fact  was  the 
principal  object  of  this  expedition  ;  and  that  nothing 
jni^t  be  omitted  thjtt  codd  tend  to  facilitate  the  en- 


THE  LIFE  OF  CAPTAIN  COOK.       vU 

terprise,  two  ships  were  provided  ;  the  Resolution^ 
tinder  the  command  of  Captain  Cook  ;  the  other,  the 
Adventure,  commanded  by  Captain  Furneaux.  Roth 
of  them  sailed  from  Deptford  on  the  9th  of  April, 
1772,  and  arrived  at  the  Cape  of  Good  Hope  on  the 
r>Oth  of  October.  They  depatted  from  thence  cti  the 
22d  of  November,  and  from  that  time  until  the  17th 
of  January,  1773,  continued  endeavouring  to  discover 
the  continent,  when  they  were  obliged  to  relinquish 
the  design.  They  then  proceeded  into  the  bouth 
Seas,  and  made  many  other  discoveries,  and  return- 
ed to  England  on  the  14th  of  July  ;  having,  during 
three  years  and  eighteen  days,  lost  but  one  man  by 
sickness  ;.  although  he  had  navigated  throughout  ail 
the  climates  from  52  deg-  N.  to  71  deg-  S.  with  a 
company  of  an  hundred  ^ind  eighteen  men. 

Tlic  want  of  success  which  attended  Captain 
Cook's  attempt  to  discover  a  Southern  Coilitinent,  did 
not  discourage  another  plan  being  resolved  on,  which 
had  been  recommended  some  time  before.  This  was 
no  other  than  the  finding  out  a  north-west  passage* 
which  the  fancy  of  some  chimerical  projectors  had 
conceived  to  be  a  practicable  scheme,  iiis  intrepid 
spirit,  and  inquisitive  mmd^  induced  him  again  to  of- 
fer his  services,  and  they  were  accepted  without  he- 
Bftation.  He  prepared  for  his  departure  with  the 
utmost  alacrity,  and  sailed  in  the  month  of  July,  1776. 

A  few  months  after  his  departure  from  England, 
notwithstanding  he  was  then  absent,  the  Royal  So- 
ciety voted  him  Sir  Godfrey  Copley's  gold  medal,  a» 
a  reward  for  the  account  which  he  had  traiismitted 
to  that  body,  of  the  method  taken  to  preserve  the 
health  of  the  crew  of  his  ships. 

Captain  Cook  was  a  married  man,  and  left  several 
children  behind  him.  On  each  of  these  his  Majesty 
has  settled  a  pension  of  251,  per  annum,  and  200L  per 
annum  on  his  widow. 

The  particulars  of  his  three  voyages,  together 
with  an  account  of  his  death,  will  be  found  amply 
described  in  this  work, 


/ 


i: 


VI 

. 

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/•      < 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


FIRST  VOVAQE. 


Commenced  In  1768,  and  finished  in  1771, 


FEW  years  after  his  present  Majesty's  acces*- 
fcion  to  the  throne,  he  turned  his  thoughts  to  voyages 
of  Discovery,  particularly  in  the  Southern  Heniis- 
>here.  Three  v  ere  made  by  Capt.  (now  Admiral) 
Jyron,  Capt.  Wallis,  and  Cap^.  C^irteret,  at  differ- 
mt  periods.  Ip  consequence  of  their  success,  othe- 
^voyages  were  thought  of  upon  a  more  enlarged  scaler 
and  carriedlnto  execution  by  Capt.  Cook,  who  made, 
three  also.  Unhappily,  the  last  was  one  too  many, 
as  it  was  at  the  expense  of  his  life.  Of  this  a  Com- 
pendium has  been  already  laid  before  the  public  ; 
and  his  two  former  expeditions  are  now  intended  to 
be  eiven  in  the  same  summary  manner. 

Capt.  Cook  received  his  commi^^sion  in  the  montU 
of  May,  1768,  and  on  the  26th  of  August  following, 
sailed  from  Plymouth  in  the  ^ndeavour,  a  vessel  of 
about  three  hundred  tons,  which  was  priginaUy  in- 
tended for  the  coal  trade. 

Mr.  Banks,  a  gentleman  of  (:nhsiderable  property 
in  Lincolnshire  (now  Sir  Joseph  Banks,  and  Presi- 
dent of  the  Hoyal  Society,)  and  Dr.  Solander,  a  na* 
tive  of  Sweden,  who  had  studied  under  Lfinnaeus,  both 
undertook,  from  a  laudable  desire  of  ac<}uiring  know^ 
ledge  in  astronomy  and  botany,  to  accompany  the 
Captain,    The  former  of  these  gentlemen  was  w\ 

A2 


10 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


Wvfej, 


long  returned  from  a  voyage  to  Newfoundland  ;  liis 
principal  object  now  was  to  view  the  transit  of  Venus. 
Thev  took  two  draftsmen  with  them  ;  one  to  deli- 
neate subjects  in  natural  history,  the  other  landscapes. 
Mr.  Banks  had  also  a  secretary  and  four  sen^ants. 

The  first  land  they  saw  after  their  departure  from 
Sn^land  was  on  the  12d  of  September,  when  Cape 
Finister  and  Cape  Ortega!  in  Spain  both  came  in 
view.  Here  they  observed  some  marine  animals, 
hitherto  unnoticed.  They  were  angular  in  figure, 
one  inch  thick  and  three  in  length,  with  a  natural 
hole  or  hollow  quite  through  the  centre  of  the  body, 
and  a  brown  spot  near  one  of  the  extremities  ;  they 
shone  very  brilliant  in  thd*Svater,  and  displayed  va- 
riety of  colours. 

They  arrived  on  the  13th  at  Madeira,  and  anchor- 
ed in  Fonchial  road.  Here,  unfortunately,  they  lost 
Mr.  Weir,  the  Mastei**.*)  mate,  who,  in  heaving  the 
anchor,  fell  overboatd  and  was  drowned. 

This  island  has  a  beautifal  appearance  from  the 
sea,  those  parts  of  hills  which  present  themselves 
being  covered  with  vines. 

Tne  inhabitants  of  Madeira  have  no  article  of 
trade  but  wine,  which  is  made  by  pressing  the  juice 
out  in  a  square  wooden  vessel.  The  persons  em- 
ployed havmg  taken  off  their  stockings  and  jackets, 
get  into  it,  and  with  their  elbows  and  feet  press  out 
as  much  of  the  jtiice  as  they  can.  In  like  manner 
the  stalks,  being  tied  together,  are  pressed  under  a 
square  piece  of  wood,  by  a  lever  with  a  stone  fasteia- 
^d  to  the  end  of  it. 

Thete  are  no  wheel  carriages  of  any  sort,  nor  have 
the  people  any  thing  that  resembles  them,  except  a 
hollow  board,  or  sledge,  uppn  which  those  wine  ves- 
sels are  drawn  that  are  too  big  to  be  carried  by  hand. 
They  have  also  horses  and  mules  very  proper  for 
their  roads,  but  their  wine  is,  notwithstanding, 
brought  to  town  from  thevineyards,  where  it  is  made, 

in  vessels  of  goat-skiii8»  which  are  carried  by  men 
on  their  heads. 


FIRST  VOYAGE. 


11 


Nature  has  been  very  liberal  in  her  gifts  to  Ma- 
deira, llie  inhabitants  are  not  without  ingenuity, 
but  they  want  industry.  The  soil  is  so  very  rich» 
and  there  is  such  a  variety  in  the  climate,  that  there 
is  scarcely  any  article  either  of  the  necessaries  or  lux- 
uries of  life,  which  cannot  be  cultivated  in  the  Island, 
Pine-apples  and  mangoes  grow  almost  spontaneously 
if.  the  town,  and  great  variety  of  fruit  upon  the  hills* 
(/orn  is  also  very  large  and  plenty.  The  beef,  mut- 
[ton,  and  pork,  are  remarkably  good. 

Foncho^  which  is  fennel  in  rurtuguese,  gave  name 
to  the  town  of  Fonchial.    It  is  seated  at  the  bottom 
of  a  bay,  indifferently  built,  the  streets  narrow,  and 
very  wretchedly  paved-    In  the  churches  there  are 
great  numbers  of  ornaments,  with  pictures  and  ima- 
ges of  saints,  for  the  most  part  poorly  executed.    A 
better  taste  prevails  in  some  of  the  convents,  parti* 
cularly  that  of  the  Franciscans ;  here  simplicity  and 
neatness  unite.    The  infirmary  does  honour  to  the 
[architect,  and  is  the  most  capital  edifice  in  the  whole 
>lace.    There  are  many  very  high  hills  ;  Pico  Rui- 
ro  is  near  5100  feet  in  height,  perpendicularly  from 
its  base.    The  inhabitants  are  computed  to  be  be- 
■tween  70  and  80,000  ;  and  the  revenue  arising  from 
the  customs  is  supposed  to  amount  to  20  or  30,000 
pouHds  sterhng  per  annum.    They  abound  in  water, 
wine,  fruit  and  onions  ;  sweatmeats  of  various  sorts 
are  also  to  be  had,  but  permission  must  be  obtained' 
from  the  Governor  for  poultry  and  fresh  meat.   They 
■sailed  from  Madeira  September  19.   On  the  23d  they 
[saw  the  peak  of  Teneriflfe.    This  mountam  is  near 
15,400  feet  high.    On  the  29th  they  saw  Bona  Vista, 
Ipne  of  the  Cape  de  Verd  islands.    From  Teneriflfe  to 
f%na  Vista  they  observed  fiying  fish  in  considerable 
numbers,  which  appeared  very  beautiful,  their  sides 
lesembling  burnished  silver.    Mr.  Banks,  on  the  rth 
ot  October,  caught  what  is  called  a  Portuguese  man 
n^^^'  together  with  several  marine  animals  of  the 
Molusca  tribe.    October  19th,  he  sliot  the  black-toed 
feull,  described  by  Linngjus  ;  UlC  excrement  of  Ais 
Dira  IS  of  a  lively  rei* 


12 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


On  the  25th  of  October,  they  crossed  tfie line  with 
the  usual  forms.  On  the  ?9th,  in  the  evening,  they 
saw  the  luminous  appearance  of  the  sea  mentioned 
by  navigators  ;  it  emitted  rays  of  )ight,  resembling 
those  fJ  lightning.  Mr.  Banks  and  Dr.  Solander 
threw  but  a  casting-net,  when  aspecles  of  the  w^cfw- 
ifa  w^s  caught,  resembling  a  metallic  substance  great- 
ly heated,  emitting  a  whitish  light-  Some  crabs  were 
also  caught  at  the  same  time,  which  were  exceeding 
small,  yet  gave  a  very  glittering  appearance-  These 
animals  have  not  yet  been  described  by  naturalists. 
Provisions  now  falling  short,  it  was  determined  to 
put  into  Rio  de  Janeiro  ;  where  they  arrived  on  the 
13th. 

Mr.  Hicks,  the  first  Lieutenant,  was  sent  before  in 
the  pinnace  to  the  city,  to  inform  the  Governor  they 
put  in  there  for  refreshments  and  a  pilot  The  pin- 
nace returned  without  the  Lieutenant,  who  was  de- 
tained till  the  Captain  came  on  shore.  Soon  after,  a 
ten-oared  boat  filled  with  soldiers  came  up,  and  row- 
ed round  the  ship,  without  any  conversation  taking 
place.  A  second  boat  came  up,  with  several  of  the 
Viceroy's  officers  ;  they  inquired  whence  the  En- 
deavour came  ;  what  she  had  on  board  ;  her  num- 
ber of  men,  guns,  and  destination.  These  and  many 
others  questions  were  answered  without  equivoca- 
tion ;  when  they  apologized  for  detaining  the  Lieu- 
tenant, and  other  steps  they  had  taken,  pleading 
custom. 

Capt.  Cook  went  on  shore  on  the  14th,  and  ob- 
tained leave  to  purchase  what  he  wanted,  on  condi- 
tion  of  employing  an  inhabitant  ^s  a  factor.  To  this 
he  objected,  h\j\t  in  vain,  as  well  as  to  sending  the  sol- 
dier in  the  boat  back  and  forward  to  the  ship.  They 
also  refused  to  permit  Mr  Banks  and  Dr.  Solander 
to  go  up  the  country  to  examine  the  plants,  or  indeed 
to  leave  the  ship.  Capt.  Cook  judging  the  Viceroy 
imagined  they  were  com^  to  trade,  he  endeavoured 
to  convince  him  of  his  mistake,  by  acquainting  him, 
that  they  were  bound  to  the  southward,  to  observe 
the  transit  of  Venus ;  a  very  intcrestjnj;  object  to  ^h^ 


FIRST  VOYAGE. 


13 


advancement  of  navigation,  of  which  phenomenon 
he  appeared  to  be  totally  ignorant. 

The  Viceroy  having  ordered,  that  only  the  Cap- 
tain and  such  sailors  as  were  necessary  to  be  upon 
duty,  should  be  suffered  to  land  ;  they,  notwithstand- 
ing, attempted  to  come  on  shore,  but  were  prevented 
by  the  guard-boat ;  though  several  of  the  crew,  un- 
known to  the  sentinel,  stole  out  of  the  cabin  window 
at  midnight,  letting  themselves  down  by  a  rope  into 
jthe  boat,  and  driving  away  by  the  tide  till  they  were 
.out  of  hearings  then  rowed  to  some  unfrequented 
ppart  of  the  shore,  and  ir.ade  excursions  up  the  coun- 
k' try,  though  not  so  far  as  they  wished-    When  the 
r<^aptain  complained  of  these  restrictions,  the  only 
'answer  he  obtained  wa8,thathe  acted  in  consequence 
of  his  Master's  orders.    It  was  now  agreed  to  pre- 
[.  sent  two  memorials  to  the  Viceroy  ;  one  was  written 
|by  the  Captain,  the  other  by  Mr.  Banks  :  their  an* 
ifiwers  were  no  way  satisfactory.    The  Captain  judg- 
^'ng  it  necessary,  in  vindication  of  his  compliance,  to 
jrge  the  Viceroy  to  an  act  of  force  in  the  execution 
)f  his  orders,  sent  Lieutenant  Hicks  with  a  packet, 
(vith  directions  not  to  allow  a  guard  in  his  boat.    The 
[officer  of  the  guard-boat  did  net  oppose  him  by  force, 
but  accompanying  the  Lieutenant  on  shore,  went  to 
rthe  Viceroy,  and  acquainted  him  with  what  had  pass- 
•ed,  which  induced  his  excellency  to  rehise  opening 
^^e  packet,  commanding  the  Lieutenant  to  return. 
iHe  found  a  soldier,  as  a  guard  had  been  put  on  board 
^he  boat  in  hisabsence^  and  insisted  upon  tlie  soldier's 
quitting  it.     1  he  officer  now  seized  the  boat's  crew, 
md  conducted  them  to  prison,  under  a  guard  ;  and 
the  Lieutenant  was  sent  back  to  the  ship  guarded 
likewise.    When   Mr.  Hicks  had  acquainted  the 
^Captam  with  these  transactions  on  shore,  the  latter 
wrote  to  the  Viceroy,  demanding  his  boat  and  men, 
and  mclosed  that  very  memorial,  which  he  refused 
to  receive  from  the  Lieutenant 

This  express  was  sent  oy  a  petty  officer,  and  the 
Viceroy  promised  to  return  an  answer.  In  the  inte- 
rim, in  a  sudden  gust  of  wind,  the  long-boat,  with 


u 


CAPTAmCObK'S 


four  pipes  of  rum  (by  the  rope  breaking  that  was 
thrown  her  from  the  shij))  went  adrift  to  windward 
of  her,  with  a  small  skiff  of  Mr.  Banks'  that  was 
fastened  to  her.  The  misfortune  was  still  greater, 
as  the  pinnace  was  on  shore.  The  yawl  was  manned 
immediately,  but  did  not  return  till  next  morning, 
when  she  brought  all  the  people  on  board.  From 
them  Capt.  Cook  learnt»  that  the  long-boat  having 
filled  with  water,  they  had  brought  her  to  a  grap- 
pling, and  quitted  her  ;  and  falling  in  with  a  reef  of 
rocks  on  their  return,  they  were  compelled  to  cut 
adrift  the  little  boat  belonging-  to  Mr.  Banks.  1  n  this 
situation  the  Captain  dispatched  another  letter  to  the 
Viceroy,  acquainting  him  with  the  accident,  at  the 
same  time  desiring  he  would  assist  them  with  a  boat 
to  recover  their  own :  This  was  accompanied  with  a 
fresh  demand  of  the  pinnace  and  her  crew.  His 
Excellency  at  length  complied  with  both  tl  e  request 
and  demand ;  and  the  same  day  they  fortunately  re- 
covered  tlie  long-boat  and  skiff 

Mr.  Banks  (on  the  j^th  in  the  morning)  artfully 
eluded  the  vigilance  of  the  guard,  and  went  on  shore. 
He  avoided  the  town,  and  passed  the  day  in  the 
fields,  where  the  chief  objects  of  his  curiosity  lay. 

Being  prepared  for  sea^  with  water  and  provisions, 
they  took  on  board  a  pilot  the  1st  of  December,  but 
the  wind  being  contrary,  they  were  prevented  get- 
ting out. 

On  the  7th,  having  passed  the  Fort,  the  pilot  was 
discharged,  and  the  guard-boat  quitted  them  at  the 
same  time.  Within  a  few  days  of  their  leaving  *^h 
place,  the  air  was  obscured  with  butterflies,  chietly 
of  one  kind. 

The  town  of  Janeiro  is  situated  on  the  west  side  of 
the  river,  from  which  it  extends  about  three  quar- 
ters of  a  mile.  Fhe  ground  on  which  it  stands  is 
pretty  level.  Some  of  its  streets  run  parallel  from 
north  to  south,  and  are  intersected  by  others  at  right 
angles.  The  principal  street  is  near  an  hundred 
feet  in  width,  and  extends  from  St.  Benedict  to  the 
foot  of  Castle  hill ;  the  other  streets  arc  commonly 


FIRST  VOYAGE,  i 


15 


twenty  or  thirty  feet  wide.  The  houses  adjoining  to 
the  principal  street  have  three  stories,  but  in  other 
places  they  arc  ver)r  irregular,  though  built  after 
[the  same  manner  as  in  Lisbon. 

The  Viceroy's  palace  forms  the  right  angle  of  a 
large  square ;  the  palace,  mint,  stables,  gaol,  &c. 
compose  but  one  large  building,  which  has  two  sto- 
ics, and  is  ninety  teet  from  the  water.    The  first 
itrance  through  the  palace  X  is  to  a  large  bailor 
lard-room,  to  which  there  is  an  ascent  of  three  or 
)ur  steps.    Here  guards  are  stationed,  who  are  re* 
ived  night  and  morning ;  the  Viceroy's  aid-de- 
imp  at  uie  same  time  waiting  in  an  anti-chamber 
receive  messages  and  deliver  orders. 
The  left  side  of  this  square  is  an  irregular  build- 
ig,  consisting  chiefly  of  shops  occupied  by  trading 
eople.    In  the  centre  of  the  square  is  a  fountain 
ipplied  with  water  from  a  spring  at  the  distance  of 
iree  miles,  conveyed  by  an  acjueduct.    From  this 
luntain  both  the  shipping  and  mhabitants  are  sup- 
ped with  water,  the  place  being  continually  crowd- 
with  negroes  of  both  sexes,  waiting  to  fill  their 
's.    At  every  corner  of  the  streets  is  an  altar.   Ne- 
roes  are  almost  the  only  people  employed  in  selling 
le  different  commodities  exposed  in  the  market, 
id  they  fill  up  their  leisure  time  in  spinning  of  cot- 
ion. 

The  gentry  here  keep  their  chaises,  which  are 
Irawn  by  mules  ;  the  ladies  however  use  a  sedan 
bhair,  boarded  before  and  behind,  with  curtains  on 
[ach  side,  which  is  carried  by  two  negroes,  depend - 
ig  from  a  pole  connected  to  the  top  of  the  chair  by 
70  iron  rods  coming  from  under  its  bottom,  one  on 
ich  side,  and  resting  at  the  top. 
The  apothecaries'  shops  serve  the  purposes  of  a 
ioffec-house,  people  meeting  in  them  to  drink  cap- 
^lillaire,  and  play  at  back-gammon.    Beggars  who 
infest  the  streets  of  most  European  cities,  are  not  to 
Se  found  in  this. 

With  regard  to  the  women,  it  is  on  all  hand» 
[agreed,  that  the  females  of  the  Portugiie«e  and  Spa- 


16 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


tif 
^1' 


nish  settlements,  in  South  America,  are  less  averse 
to  eranting  amorous  favours  than  those  of  any  other 
civilized  part  ofthe  globe.  According  to  Dr.  Solan- 
dei/s  account,  as  soon  as  the  evening  began,  females 
appeared  on  all  sides  in  every  window,  and  particu- 
larized those  ofthe  male  sex  they  liked,  by  giving 
them  nosegays ;  the  Doctor  and  two  other  gentlemen 
received  so  many  of  these  bouquets,  that  they  threw 
handfiils  away* 

The  climate  of  Rio  de  Janeiro  is  both  agreeable 
and  healthy,  being  free  from  many  inconveniences 
that  are  incident  to  other  tropical  countries.  The 
air  is  but  seldom  immoderately  hot,  as  the  sea  breeze 
constantly  begins  to  blow  about  ten  o'clock  in  the 
morning,  and  continues  until  night,  when  it  is  gene- 
rally succeeded  by  a  land  wind. 

The  soil  produces  all  the  tropical  fruits,  such  as 
oranges,  lemons,  limes,  melons,  mangoes,  cocoa-nuts, 
&C.  in  great  abundance. 

The  mines  are  rich,  and  lie  a  considerable  way  up 
the  country  ;  they  are  kept  so  private,  that  any  per- 
son Texcept  those  who  work  them)  found  upon  the 
road  which  leads  to  them,  is  hung  upon  the  next  tree, 
unless  he  can  give  a  satisfactory  account  of  the  cause 
of  his  being  in  that  situation.  Near  forty  thousand 
negroes  are  annually  imported  to  dig  in  the  mines  ; 
these  works  are  so  pernicious  to  the  human  frame, 
and  occasion  so  great  a  mortality  amongst  the  poor 
^vretches  employed  in  them,  that  in  the  year  1766 
twenty  thousand  nnore  were  drafted  from  the  town 
of  Rio,  to  supply  the  deficiency  of  the  former  num- 
ber. 

There  are  several  courts  of  justice  in  the  town,  at 
all  of  which  the  Viceroy  presides ;  in  criminal  cau- 
ses the  sentence  is  regulated  by  a  majority  of  voices 
in  the  supreme  court. 

The  current  coin  is  Portuguese,  which  is  struck 
here  ;  the  silver  pieces  are  called  Petacks,  of  differ- 
ent value  •  and  the  copper  are  fi\'e  and  ten  ree  pie- 
ces. 


FIRST  VOYAGE. 


tr 


Tlie  harbour  is  safd  and  commodious,  and  may  be 

distinguished  by  a  remarkable  hill,  in  tlie  shape  of  a 

cone,  at  the  west  point  of  the  bay.    The  whole  coast 

abounds  with  a  very  great  variety  of  fish,  among 

I -which  are  dolphins  and  mackarel. 

On  the  9th  of  December  they  took  out  of  the  sea 
[an  incredible  number  of  atoms,  of  a  yellowish  colour, 
few  of  them  more  than  the  50th  part  of  an  inch  in 
ingth  ;  through  a  microscope  it  appeared  doubtful 
rhether  they  were  animals  or  vegetable  substances ; 
Ihey  tinged  the  sea  in  such  a  manner,  as  to  cover  it 
ritli  broad  streaks  of  a  colour  similar  to  themselves, 
the  greatest  part  of  a  mile  in  length,  and  several 
lundred  yardnin  width. 
Thursday,  December  8, 1768,  having  procured  all 
:essary  supplies,  they  left  Rio  de  Janeiro.  They 
id  UQt  meet  with  any  material  occurrence  from  this 
ime  to  the  22d,  when  they  were  surrounded  by  great 
lumbers  of  porpoises,  of  a  singular  species,  which 
rere  about  nfteen  feet  in  length,  and  of  an  ash  co- 
On  the  23d  they  observed  aa  eclipse  of  the 
)on  ;  and  about  seven  o'clock  in  the  morning  a 
lall  white  cloud  appeared  in  the  west,  from  which 
train  of  fire  issued,  extending  itself  westerly  ;  about 
jtwo  minutes  after  they  heard  two  distinct  loud  explo- 
lions,  immediately  succeeding  each  other,  like  can- 
)n,  after  which  the  cloud  soon  disappeared. 
On  the  30th  they  ran  upwards  ot  fifty  leagues, 
trough  vast  numbers  of  land  insects,  some  in  the 
lir,  and  others  upon  the  water ;  they  appeared  to 
jemble  exactly  the  flies  that  are  seen  in  England, 
lough  they  were  thirty  leagues  from  land,  and  some 
:  these  injects  never  quit  it  beyond  a  few  yards. 
January  4, 1769,  they  saw  an  appearance  of  land, 
rhich  they  mistook  for  Pepy's  island  ;  but  qn  their 
Landing  towards  it,  it  proved  what  the  sailors  call  a 
'og  Bank.  On  the  14th  they  entered  the  streight  of 
•e  Maire ;  but  the  tide  being  against  them,  they 
^ere  driven  out  with  great  violence,  and  the  waves 
•an  so  high,  that  the  ship's  bowsprit  was  frequently 
rinder  water ;  at  lenfjth  however  they  got  anchorage 
VOl«>  1.  J^ 


m 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


at  the  entrance  of  a  little  cove,  which  Captain  Cook 
callfd  St.  Vincent's  Bay. 

The  weeds,  which  here  grow  upon  rocky  ground, 
are  very  remarkable  ;  tlicy  appear  above  the  sur- 
face in  eight  and  nine  fathoms  water  ;  the  leaves  are 
four  feet  in  length,  and  many  of  the  stalks,  though 
not  more  than  an  inch  and  a  half  in  circumference^ 
above  100.  Mr.  Banks  and  Dr.  Solander  having 
been  on  shore  some  hours,  returned  with  more  than 
a  hundred  different  plants  and  flowers,  hitherto  un- 
noticed by  the  European  botanists. 

Sunday  15,  having  anchored  in  12  fathoms  water, 
upon  coral  rocks,  before  a  small  cove,  distant  from) 
shore  about  a  mile,  two  of  the  natives  came  down 
upon  the  beach,  In  expectation  that  they  would  land ; 
but  this  situation  affording  little  shelter,  the  Captain 
got  under  sail  again,  and  the  natives  retired. 

About  two  o'clock  they  anchored  in  the  bay  of  ,] 
Good  Success,  and  the  Captain  went  on  shore,  ac- 
companied by  Mr.  Banks,  and  Dr.  Solander,  to 
search  for  a  watering-place,  and  confer  with  the  In- 
dians. These  gentlemen  proceeded  about  a  hun- 
dred yards  before  tlie  Captain,  when  two  of  Uie  In- 
dians having  advanced  forward  and  seated  them- 
selves, they  rose,  upon  Mr.  Banks  and  the  Doctor's 
coming  up,  and  each  of  them  threw  away  a  small 
stick,  which  they  had  before  in  their  hands ;  this 
they  did  in  such  a  direction,  that  the  stick  flew  both 
from  themselves  and  the  strangers,  which  they  meant 
as  a  token  of  peace,  and  a  testimonial  of  their  re- 
nouncing weapons  ;  they  then  returned  briskly  to- 
wards their  companions,  who  had  remained  at  some 
distance  behind,  and  made  signs  to  the  strangers  to 
advance,  which  they  accordingly  complied  with. 
The  reception  the  gentlemen  met  with  was  friendly, 
though  the  manner  was  uncouth.  The  civility  was 
returned,  by  the  distribution  of  beads  and  ribbons^ 
with  which  the  Indians  were  much  pleased.  After 
a  mutual  confidence  had  been  thus  established,  the 
rest  of  the  Enghsh  party  joined,  and  a  general  con- 
versation, though  of  a  singular  kind,  ensued.    Three 


FIRST  VOYAGE. 


19 


of  the  Indians  now  returned  with  the  Captain  and 
his  friends  to  the  ship,  whom  they  clothed  with  jack- 
ets, and  gave  them  jerked  beef,  6cc.  part  of  which 
they  eat,  and  carried  the  remainder  on  shore.    They 
refused  to  drink  i:um  or  brandy,  after  tasting  them, 
intimating  by  signs  that  it  burnt  their  throats.    One 
of  them  stole  the  covering  of  a  globe,  which  he  secre- 
ted under  his  cloak     After  staying  near  two  hours 
^  board,  thpy  went  on  shore.    They  were  of  a  mid- 
lie  stature,  with  broad  flat  faces,  low  foreheads,  high 
cheeks,  noses  inclining  to  flatness,  wide  nostrils,  small 
^black  eyes,  large  mouths,  small  but  indifferent  teeth, 
[^nd  black  straight  hair,  falling  down  over  their  ears 
ind  foreheadj^  which  was  commonly  smeared  with 
ibrown  and  redpaint ;  and,  like  all  the  original  na- 
ptives  of  America,  they  were  beardless.    Their  ^ar- 
[ments  were  the  skins  of  guanicos  and  seals,  which 
they  wrapped  round  their  shoulders.    The  women 
lave  a  small  string  tied  round  each  ancle,  and  wear 
kch  a  flap  of  skin  round  the  middle*    They  carry 
le  children  on  their  backs,  and  are  generally  em- 
ployed in  domestic  labour  and  drudgery. 
Mr.  Banks,  Dr*  Solander,  Mr.  Buchan,  and  several 
ler  gentlemen*  accompanied  by  servants,  went  a 
)nsiderable  way  into  the  country,  where  they  had 
larshy  ground,  and  very  cold  blasts  of  wind  and 
mow,  to  contend  with  ;  however,  after  great  fatigue, 
they  at  last  attained  a  considerable  eminence  uiey 
lad  in  view.    Here  they  found  a  great  variety  (k 
)lants,  that  gratified  their  curiosity,  and  repaid  them 
for  their  toil  . 
It  was  now  near  eight  o'clock  in  the  evening,  and 
>r.  Solander,  who  knew  from  experience  that  ^x* 
treme  cold,  when  joined  with  fatigue,  occasions  a 
drowsiness  that  is  not  easily  resisted,  entreated  his 
friends  to  keep  in  motion,  however  disagreeable  it 
^inight  be  to  them ;    his  words  were,  "  Whoever 
sits  down  will  sleep ;  and  whoever  sleeps,  will  wake 
no  more.'*    Every  one  seemed  accordingly  armed 
with  resolution  ;  but  on  a  sudden  the  cold  became  so 
very  intense,  as  to  threaten  the  most  direful  effects. 


20 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


It  was  very  remarkable,  that  I)r-  Sol ander  himself, 
who  had  so  forcil>ly  admoni>ihed  and  alarmed  his 
party,  should  be  the  first  who  iiviisted  upon  being  suf- 
fered to  repose.  In  spite  of  the  mo6t  earnest  en- 
treaties  of  his  friends,  he  lay  down  amidst  the  snow, 
and  it  was  with  f',reat  difficulty  they  kept  the  Doctor 
awake.  One  of  the  black  servants  became  also 
weary  and  faint,  and  was  upon  the  point  of  foUowinj^ 
the  Doctor's  example.  Mr.  Buchan  was  tliercfore 
detached  with  a  party  to  make  a  fire  at  the  first 
commodious  spot  they  could  meet  with.  Mr.  Banks, 
"with  four  more,  remained  with  the  Doctor  and  Rich- 
mond the  black,  who,  with  the  utmost  difficulty,  were 
induced  to  come  on  ;  but  after  walking  a  few  miles 
farther,  they  expressed  their  inabihty  of  proceeding. 
When  the  black  was  informed,  that  if  he  remained 
there  he  would  soon  be  frozen  to  death,  he  replied, 
that  he  was  so  exhausted  with  fatigue,  that  death 
"would  be  a  relief  to  him.  Doctor  Solander  said 
he  was  not  unwilling  to  go,  but  that  he  must  first  take 
some  sleep,  notwithstanding  what  he  had  before  de- 
clared to  the  company'  Thus  resolved,  they  both 
sat  down,  supported  by  bushes,  and  in  a  short  time 
fell  fast  asleep.  Intelligence  now  came  from  the  ad- 
vanced party,  that  a  fire  wico  kindled  about  a  quar- 
ter of  a  mile  fmher  on  the  way.  Mr-  Banks  then 
waked  the  DtKtor,  who  had  almost  Jost  the  use  of 
his  limbs  already,  though  it  was  but  a  few  minutes 
since  he  sat  down  ;  he  nevertheless  consented  to  go 
on.  Every  measure  taken  to  relieve  the  black  prov- 
ed ineffectual ;  he  remained  motionless,  and  they 
were  obliged  to  leave  him  to  the  care  of  the  other 
black  sfirvant  and  a  sailor,  who  appeared  to  have 
been  the  least  hurt  by  the  cold,  and  they  were  to  be 
relieved,  as  soon  as  two  others  were  sufficiently 
warmed  to  supply  their  places.  The  Doctor  was 
with  much  difficulty  got  to  the  fire.  Those  who 
were  sent  to  relieve  the  companions  of  Richmond, 
returned  in  about  half  an  hour  without  being  able  to 
find  them.  What  rendered  the  mortification  still 
greater  was,  that  a  bottle  of  rum,  the  whole  stock 


FIRST  VOYAGE. 


21 


of  the  party,  could  not  be  found,  and  was  judged  to 
have  been  left  with  onp  of  the  three  who  were  miss- 
ing. There  was  a  fall  of  snow  which  incessantly 
continued  for  near  two  hours,  and  there  remained  no 
hopes  of  seeing  the  three  absentees  again,  at  least, 
alive.  About  twelve  o'clock,  ht^wever,  a  great  shout> 
jng  was  heard  at  a  distance,  which  gave  inexpressi> 
ble  satisfaction  to  every  one  present.  Mr.  BauKs  and 
four  others  went  forth,  and  met  the  sailor,  with  just 
streuRth  enough  to  walk  ;  he  was  immediately  sent 
to  the  fire,  and  they  proceeded  to  seek  for  the  two 
others.  They  found  Richmond  upon  his  legs,  but  in- 
capable of  moving  them  ;  the  other  black  was  lying 
senseless  upon  the  ground-  All  endeavours  to  bring 
them  to  the  fire  were  fruitless,  nor  was  it  possible  to 
kindle  one  upon  the  spot,  on  account  of  the  snow  that 
had  fallein  and  was  still  falling,  so  that  there  was  no 
alternative,  and  they  were  compelled  to  leave  the 
two  unfortunate  negroes  to  their  fate,  making  them, 
^however,  a  bed  of  boughs  of  trees,  and  covering  them 
^ery  thick  with  the  same. 

As  all  hands  had  been  employed  in  endeavouring 
to  move  the  two  blacks  to  the  fire,  and  had  therefore 
[been  exposed  to  the  cold  for  near  an  hour  and  a 
half,  some  of  them  began  to  be  afflicted  in  the  same 
manner  as  those  they  went  to  relieve.     Briscoe,  ano- 
jther  of  Mr.  Banks'  servants,  in  particular,  began  to 
lose  his  sensibility.    They  at  length  reached  the  fire, 
[and  there  passed  the  night  in  a  very  disagreeable 
[manner.    The  party  that  set  out  from  the  ship  con- 
|sisted  of  twelve,  of  whom  t^o  were  already  judged 
to  be  dead  :  it  was  doubtful  whether  a  third  would 
it  able  to  return  on  board  ;  and  Mr.  Buchan,  a 
Fourth,  who  had  but  just  recovered  from  fits,  seemed 
threatened  with  them  again,    lliey  had  wandered 
fso  far  into  the  internal  parts,  that  the  ship  was  a 
[long  day's  journey  distant,  through  an  unfrequented 
Lvood,  in  which  they  might  probably  be  bewddered 
till  night ;  and  being  equipped  only  for  a  journey  of 
a  few  hours,  they  had  not  provisions  left  sufficient  tc^ 
afford  the  company  a  single  me^ 

B2 


22 


CAPTAIN  COOK^ 


On  the  17th  in  the  moming,  at  day-break,  notlimg 
presented  itself  to  view  all  around  but  snow,  the  tvccjj 
being  eaually  covered  with  it  as  the  ground ;  and  the 
blasts  of  wind  were  so  violent  and  frequent,  that 
their  journey  was  rendered  impracticable,  and  there 
%vaK  much  reason  to  dread  perishing  with  cold  and 
famine.  However,  at  about  six  in  the  morning  they 
were  flattered  with  a  dawn  of  hope  of  being  deliver- 
ed, by  discovering  the  sun  througn  the  clouds,  which 
gradually  diminished.  Previous  to  their  setting  out, 
messengers  were  dispatched  to  the  unhappy  negroes, 
who  returned  with  the  melancholy  news  of  tkeir 
death. 

About  ten  o'clock  in  the  morning,  they  set  out  on 
their  journey  to  the  ship,  and  in  about  three  hours, 
to  dieir  great  astonishment  and  satisfacti.  n,  they 
found  themselves  upon  the  shore,  much  nearer  to 
the  ship  than  their  most  sanguine  expectations  could 
have  flattered  them.  When  they  took  a  retrospect 
of  their  former  route  from  the  sea,  they  found  that 
instead  of  ascending  the  hill  in  a  direct  line,  they  had  p| 
made  a  circle  almost  round  the  country.  The  con*  t 
gratulations  every  one  on  board  expressed  at  their 
return,  can  better  be  imagined  than  expressed. 

On  the  20th,  Mr.  Banks  and  Dr.  Solander  made  J 
another  excursion  into  the  countiy.  After  walking 
for  some  time,  they  arrived  at  a  small  town,  consist- 
ing of  about  a  dozen  miserable  huts,  constructed 
without  art  or  regularity,  in  the  form  of  a  sugar  loaf, 
with  a  place  left  open,  which  answered  the  double 
purpose  of  a  door  and  chimney.  Their  bows  and 
arrows  were  constructed  with  neatness  and  ingenui- 
ty :  they  were  made  of  wood  highly  polibhed  ;  and 
the  point,  which  wa&  either  glass  or  flint,  was  fitted 
with  much  skill.  Mr.  Banks  observed  glass  and  flint 
amongst  them  unwrought,  with  cloth,  canvass,  rings, 
buttons,  &c.  it  was  therefore  judged,  that  they  tra« 
veiled  at  times  to  the  north,  as  no  ship  had  touchet} 
at  this  part  of  Terra  del  Fuego  for  some  years. 

They  did  not  seem  to  have  any  form  of  govern* 
ment  among  them,  nor  did  there  appear  ^ny  ktod  of 


FIRST  VOYAGE. 


S3 


IsLbordination.    These  ficople  appeared  upon  the 
mhole  to  be  the  outcasts  of  human  nature,  whose 
lives  were  passed  in  wandering  in  a  forlorn  manner 
)ver  dreary  wastes  ;  their  only  food  was  shell-fish, 
iesUtute  of  every  convenience  arisine  from  the  rud- 
;st  art,  or  even  an  implement  to  dress  their  food. 
>uch  were  these  people,  who  nevertheless  appeared 
content ;  so  little  does  refinement  or  luxury  proinot0 
happiness. 
The  -enerality  of  writers,  who  have  described  the 
lland  of  'Ferra  del  Fuego,  have  represented  it  as 
»vered  with  snow,  and  destitute  of  wood.    In  this, 
lowever,  they  are  evidently  mistaken,  and  their  er- 
)r  must  have   arisen  from  having  visited  it  in  the 
rinter  season,  when  it  possibly  is  covered  with  snow, 
^he  crew  of  the  Endeavour  perceived  trees  when 
ley  were  at  a  considerable  distance  from  the  island, 
ind  on  their  nearer  approach,  they  found  the  sea 
joast  and  the  sides  of  the  hills  clothed  with  an  agree- 
ible  verdure.    The  summit  of  tlie  hills  are  barren. 
It  the  valleys  are  rich,  and  a  brook  is  to  be  found 
the  foot  of  almost  every  hill ;  the  water  has  a  rcd- 
ih  tinge,  but  is  not  ill  tasted,  and  was  some  of  the 
;st  the  Captain  took  in  during  his  whole  voyage. 
Thursday,  January  26,  Captain  Cook  weighed 
mchor,  and  the  weather  being  very  calm,  Mr.  Banks 
lailed  in  a  small  boat  to  shoot  birds,  when  he  killed 
>me  sheer- waters  and  albatrosses  ;  the  latter  were 
irger  than  those  caught  to  the  norUi  of  the  streight ; 
le  sheer-waters  were  less,^nd  their  backs  darker 
)loured.    The  albatrosses  proved  very  good  eating. 
Notwithstanding  the  doubling  of  Cape  Horn  is  re- 
presented as  a  very  dangerous  course,  and  that  it  is 
enerally  thought  passing  the  streight  of  Magellan  is 
5ss  perilous,  the  Endeavour  doubled  it  with  as  lit- 
le  danger  as  the  North  Foreland  on  the  Kentish 
joast ;  the  heavens  were  fair,  the  wind  temporatCg 
the  weather  pleasant,  and,  being  near  shore,  they 
[had  a  very  distmct  view  of  the  coast. 

Mr.  B%nks  killed  more  than  sixty  birds  in  one  day, 
and  l^e  caught  two  forest  flies  of  the  same  speciesi 


24 


CAPTAIN  CCXDK'S 


.1 


H  y 


but  never  yet  described.  He  also  found  a  cuttle-fish, 
•which  had  just  been  killed  by  the  birds ;  it  was  dif- 
ferent from  the  fishes  of  this  name  mc,t  with  in  the 
European  seas,  having  a  double  row  of  sharp  talons, 
resembling  those  of  a  cat,  which  issued  or  retracted 
at  will.    This  fish  made  excellent  soup. 

Saturday  the  25th,  n  account  of  a  squabble  about 
a  bit  of  seal  skin,  which  lie  had  taken  in  a  frolic,  but 
which  was  represented  to  his  officer  as  a  thelt,  one 
of  the  mariners,  a  young  fellow  about  twenty,  threw 
himself  overboard,  and  was  drowned. 

About  ten  o'clock,  Tuesday,  April  4,  Peter  Bris- 
CoCv  servant  to  Mr.  Banks,  discovered  land  to  the 
soutli,  about  three  or  four  leagues  distant.  The  Cap- 
tain immediately  hauled  up  for  it,  and  found  it  to  be 
an  ifiland  of  an  ova!  form,  with  a  lake  or  lagoon  in  the 
centre,  that  extended  over  the  greatest  part  of  it ; 
the  border  of  land  which  surrounded  the  lake  was  in 
many  places  low  and  narrow,  especially  towards 
*he  south,  where  the  beach  consisted  of  a  reef  of 
rocks  ;  three  places  on  the  north  side  had  the  same 
appearance.  Captain  Cook  came  within  a  mile  on 
the  north  side,  but  though  he  cast  a  line  of  130  fathom, 
be  found  no  bottom,  and  could  not  meet  with  any  an- 
chorage. There  were  several  natives  visible  on 
shore ;  they  seemed  tall,  with  remarkable  large 
heads,  which  might  probably  be  increased  by  some 
bandage  ;  their  hair  was  black,  and  their  complex- 
ions copper  colour.  There  appeared  along  the 
beach,  abreast  of  the  ship,  some  of  these  inhabitants* 
with  pikes  or  poles  in  their  hands,  which  seemed 
twice  the  height  of  themselves.  They  at  this  tim« 
appeared  naked  ;  but  when  they  retired,  upon  the 
snip's  passing  the  island,  they  put  on  a  covering  of 
a  light  colour. 

Captain  Cook  saw  land  again  in  the  afternoon  to 
the  north-west.  He  reached  it  by  sun-set,  when  it 
apptare'"  a  low  island  covered  with  wood,  in  form 
circular,  about  a  mile  in  circumference.  No  inha- 
bitants were  visible,  nor  any  cocoa-n^jt  trees,  though 
lune  Endeavour  had  reached  the  shore  within  halt  9 


FIRST  VOYAGE. 


"25 


n\e  ;  yet  the  island  appeared  covered  with  verdure 
.f  varioas  tinges.     This  island,  which  is  distant  from 
Ihat  of  Lagoon,  ^bx-mt  seven  leagues  north,  62  west, 
ic gentlemen  onboard  named  Thrumb  v'ap. 
On  the  5th,  they   discovered  to  the  west  a  low 
iland,  which  appeared  to  be  inhabited,  and  at  three 
'clock  they  came  up  with  it.    This  land  now  seem- 
t  divided  into  two  islands,  or  rather  collections  of 
lands,  their  extent  being  near  nine  leagues.     I'he 
o  largest  were  divided  from  each  other  by  a 
freight  of  near  half  a  mile  in  bi-eadth. 
On  the  10th,  upon  their  looking  out  for  the  island 
which  they  v^rcre  destined,  they  saw  land  a-head, 
tie  next  morning  it  appeared  very  high  and  moun- 
linous,  and  it  was  known  to  be  King  George  the 
'hird's  Island,  so  named  by  Captain  Wallis,  but  by 
natives  called  Otaheite.    The  calms  prevei'ted 
Endeavour  from  approaching  it  till  the  morning 
the  12th,  when  a  bree^  springing  up,  before  ele- 
ven several  canoes  were  making  towards  the  ship  ; 
Iv  a  fcv  approached,  and  the  people  on  board 
je  that  came  the  nearest  would  not  come  on  board 
tptain  Cook.    Each  canoe  had  in  it  young  plan- 
tins,  and  branches  of  trees,  as  tokens  of  peace  and 
leadship  ;  and  they  were  handed  up  the  sides  of 
le  ship  by  the  people  in  one  of  the  canoes,  who 
latde  signals  in  a  very  expressive  manner,  intimat- 
rg,that  they  desired  these  emblems  of  pacification 
koukl  be  placed  in  a  conspicuous  part  of  the  ship  ; 
kI  they  were  accordingly  stuck  among  the  rigging, 
It  which  they  testified  their  approbation.    Their 
trgoes  consisted  of  cocoa-nuts,  bananas,  bread-fruit, 
>ples  and  figs,  which  were  very  acceptable  to  the 
irew,  and  were  then  purchased. 

la  the  evening  they  opened  the  north-west  point, 
md  saw  York  Islancl,  so  named  by  the  crew  of  the 
blphin.    They  lay  <<ff  and  on  all  night,  and  in  the 
doming  of  the  13th,  they  eiitered  Port  Royal  Har- 
[bour,  in  the  island  of  Otaheite,  and  anchored  with- 
in half  a  mile  of  the  shore.     A  great  number  of  the 
I  native*  imrnedigttely  came  off  in  their  canoes,  bring- 


26 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


»4i- 


IP: 


ing  with  them  bananas,  cncoa-nuts,  bread-fruit,  ap- 
ples, and  some  hogs,  which  they  bartered  with  tlic 
bhip's  crew  for  beads  and  other  trinkets. 

The  tree  that  bears  the  bread-fruit  is  about  the 
size  of  the  horse-chesnut ;  its  leaves  are  near  a  foot 
iiud  a  half  loiig,  in  shape  oblong,  resembling,  in  ai- 
most  every  respect,  those  of  the  fig-tree  ;  its  fruit  is 
not  unlike  the  Cantaloupe  melon,  either  in  size  or 
shape ;  it  is  inclosed  in  a  thin  skin,  and  its  core  is  as 
large  as  a  person's  thumb  ;  it  is  somewhatof  the  con- 
sistency of  new  bread,  and  as  white  as  the  blanclied 
almond ;  it  divides  into  pans, and  they  roast  it  before 
it  is  eaten ;  it  has  little  or  no  taste.  An  elderly  njan, 
named  Owhaw^  who  was  knowh  to  Mr.  Gore  and 
others,  whohad  visited  this  island  with  Captain  Wal- 
lis,  came  on  board ;  and  as  he  was  considered  a  useful 
roan,  the  Captain  endeavoured  to  gratify  all  his  in- 
quiries. Captain  Cook  now  drew  up  several  neces- 
sary rules  for  the  regul^ti^  of  ti^iiic  with  the  inha- 
bitants, and  ordered  that  tney  should  be  punctually 
observed. 

When  the  sHij)  was  properly  secured,  the  Captain 
went  on  shore  with  Mr.  Banks  and  Dr.  Solander,  a 
party  under,  arms,  and  their  friend  the  old  Indian* 
rhey  were  received  on  shore  by  some  hundreds  of  the 
natives,  who  were  struck  with  Such  awe,  that  the 
first  who  approached  crept  almost  upon  his  hands 
and  knees.  He  also  presented  to  them  branches  of 
trees,  the  usual  symbol  of  peace.  This  symbol  was 
received,  on  the  part  of  the  English  gentlemen,  with 
demonstrations  of  satisfaction  and  triendship  ;  and 
noticing,  that  while  each  of  the  Indians  held  one  of 
these  branches  in  his  hand,  they  gathered  some,  and 
followed  the  example  of  the  natives 

They  were  conducted  by  the  old  Indian,  accom- 
panied by  his  countrymen,  towards  the  place  where 
the  Dolphin  had  watered.  Here  the  ground  being 
cleared,  the  chiefs  of  the  natives  threw  down  their 
boughs,  and  the  Captain  and  his  comi)anions  follow- 
ed the  example,  after  having  drawn  up  the  marines, 
who,  marching  in  order,  dropped  their  branches 


FIRST  VOYAGE. 


sy 


^Bpon  those  of  the  Indians-    When  they  came  to  thr 
i'watering-place,  the  Indians  intimated  that  they  had 
their  peVmission  to  occupy  that  ground,  but  it  was 
lot  suited  to  their  purpose-    In  the  cou-se  of  this 
ralk,  and  a  circuit  through  the  woods,  the  Indians 
ladgot  rid  of  their  timidity,  and  became  familiarized. 
)nthe  way  they  received  beads  and  others  small 
iresents,  at  which  they  expressed  great  pleasure. 
The  whole  circuit  was  near  four  miles,  through 
oves,  consisting  of  trees  of  cocoa-nuts  and  b^ead- 
^uit ;  beneath  which  trees  were  the  habitations  of 
le  natives,  consisting  of  only  a  roof,  destitute  of  wallF. 
1  this  peregrination  the  gentlemen  were  not  a  little 
is^ppointed  at  finding  very  few  fowls  or  hogs.  Cap- 
lin  Cook  was  informed  by  such  of  the  party  as  had 
£en  here  with  the  Dolphin,  that  none  of  the  people  hi- 
(herto  seen  were  of  the  fii'st  rank,  and  they  imagined 
le  Queen*s  residence  was  moved,  no  traces  remain- 
ig  of  it.    Next  roorning,*before  they  left  the  ship, 
iveral  canoes  come  about  her  filled  with  people, 
[hose  dress  denoted  them  of  the  superior  class  :  two 
I  these  came  on  board,  and  each  of  them  fixed  upon 
[friend  ;  one  of  them  chose  Mr.  Banks,  and  the  other 
fftptain  Cook.    The  ceremony  consisted  of  taking 
Ttheir  clothes  in  great  part,  and  putting  them  upon 
leir  adopted  friends.    This  compliment  was  return- 
ed, by  presenting  them  some  trinkets.    They  then 
lade  signs  for  these  gentlemen  to  go  with  them  to 
le  place  of  their  abode  ;  and  the  Captain  being  de- 
irons  of  meeting  with  a  more  convenient  harbour,and 
^nowing  more  of  tlie  people,  readily  assented.    Ac- 
)rdingly  the  Captain,  Mr-  Banks,  Dr.  Solander,  with 
le  Indians  and  other  friends,  got  into  two  boats. 
Lbout  three  miles  distance  they  landed,  among  seve- 
ii  hundreds  of  the  natives,  who  conducted  them  to  a 
irge  house.    Upon  their  entrance  they  saw  a  mid- 
lie  aged  man,  named  Toota/iah,  who,  as  soon  as  they 
Fere  seated,  ordered  a  cock  and  hen  to  be  produced, 
rhich  he  presented  to  Mr.  Banks  and  the  Cs.ptain, 
Ls  well  as  a  piece  of  perfumed  cloth  ;  which  compli- 
leat  was  returned  by  a  present  from  Mr.  Bank*. 


S8 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


They  were  then  cbnductcd  with  great  cinfity  to  se- 
veral large  houses,  constructed  in  the  same  manner 
as  those  already  described  ;  the  ladies,  so  far  from 
shunning,  invited,  and  even  pressed  them  to  be  seat- 
ed. Whilst  they  wtere  afterwards  walking  along  the 
shore,  they  met,  accompanied  by  a  great  number  of] 
natives,  another  Chief,  named  Tubora  Tumatda^vf'tdx 
whom  they  settled  a  treaty  of  peace,  in  the  manner! 
before  described.  Tubora  Tumaida  intimated,  he 
had  provisions  for  them  if  they  chose  to  eat,  and  they 
accordingly  dined  heartily  upon  bread-fruit,  plantains 
and  fish. 

In  the  course  of  this  visit,  Tomio,  the  wife  of  the 
Chief,  placed  herself  upon  the  same  mat  with  Mr, 
Banks,  close  by  him  ;  but  she  not  being  young,  nor 
appearing  ever  to  have  possessed  many  charms,  to 
these  causes  may  be  ascribed  the  little  attention  this 
gentleman  paid  her;  and.Tomio  received  the  addi- 
tional mortification  of  Mr.  Banks'  bf^ckoning  to  a  pret-  i 
ty  girl,  who  with  some  reluctanct,    ame  and  seated  1 
herself  by  him.    I'he  princess  av  as  somewhat  moi-^ 
tified  at  the  preference  given  to  her  rival,  neverthe-  i  ^ 
less  she  continued  her  asbiduities  to  him.  This  whim- 1 
sical  scene  was  interrupted  by  an  event  of  a  serious  £^ 
nature.    Dr.  Solanden  having  discovered  that  he  ha4   " 
lost  an  opera  glass,  he  complained  to  the  Chief,  andj 
mtermpted  the  convivial  party.  This  complaint  was  I 
enforced  by  Mr.  Banks*  starting  up  and  striking  the 
butt  end  of  his  musquet  on  the  ground,  which  struck 
the  Indians  with  a  panic,  and  they  all  precipitately 
ran  o^it  of  the  house,  except  the  Chief,  and  a  few 
others  of  the  superior  class.  -    yj 

The  Chief  appeared  much  concerned  at  this  acci*  ^J^ 
dent,  and  gave  us  to  understand,  with  an  appearance  s'i 
cf  great  probity,  that  he  would  endeavour  if  possible  j 
to  have  the  glass  recovered ;  but  that  if  this  could  ircft 
be  done,  he  would  make  the  Doctor  compensatksi, 
by  giving  him  as  much  new  cloth,  of  which  he  shew- 
ed large  quantities,  as  should  be  thought  equal  to  its 
value.  The  case  however  was  in  a  little  time  brought,  | 
and  the  glass  irself  soon  after.    After  thh  adveatuppe 


FIRST  VOYAGE. 


29 


ras  amicably  terminated,  they  returned  to  the  ship 

"iout  six  o'clock  in  the  evening, 

Saturday  the  15th,  in  the  morning,  several  of  the 

Chiefs,  one  of  whom  was  very  c(»rpulent,  came  on 

iard,  bringing  with  them  hogs,  bread-fruit,  and 

fcher  refreshments ;  in  exchange  thev  gdve  them 

itchets,  linen,  beads,  and  other  ttinkets ;  but  sc  me 

them  took  the  liberty  of  stealing  the  top  of  the 

lining  chain.    This  day  the  Captain,  attended  by 

.  Banks  and  sonve  of  the  other  gentlemen,  went  a 

)re  to  fix  on  a  proper  spot  to  erect  a  small  fort  for 

sir  defence  during  their  stay  on  the  island  ;  and  the 

>und  was  accordingly  marked  out  for  that  purpose, 

;reat  number  of  the  natives  looking  on  all  the 

die,  and  behaving    in  the  most  peaceable  and 

;ndly  manner. 

^r.  Banks  went  a  shooting  in  the  woods,  some 
irines  and  a  petty  officer  being  appointed  to  guard 
tent  in  the  interim  ;  several  of  the  natives  ac- 
ipanied  the  gentlemen  in  this  excursion.  Upon 
ising  a  little  river,  Mr.  Banks  perceiving  some 
Ils,  fired  and  killed  three.  The  Indians  were 
Ick  with  the  utmost  terror  at  this  event,  which' 
bsioned  them  to  fall  suddenly  to  the  ground,  as  if 
jy  had  been  shot  at  the  same  time  ;  they  recover- 
however,  presently  from  their  fright,  and  conti- 
id  their  march.  Before  this  party  had  gone  much 
ther,  they  were  alarmed  by  the  discharge  of  two 
ces,  fired  by  the  tent-guard.  Owhaw,  after  calling 
;ether  the  Captain's  painty,  dispersed  all  the  In- 
ms  except  three,  who  broke  branches  of  trees,  as 
jdges  of  their  fidelity.  Upon  their  return  to  the 
it  appeared,  that  an  Indian  had  taken  an  oppor- 
iity  to  snatch  away  one  of  the  sentinel's  musquets  ; 
lereupon  a  young  midshipman,  under  whose  com* 
md  the  party  was,  very  imprudently  ordered  the 
trines  to  fire,  which  they  did  immediately  amongst 
J  thickest  of  the  fugitive  Indians,  in  number  above 
mndred,  several  of  whom  were  wounded  ;  but  as 
ie  ciiminal  did  not  fall,  they  pursued  and  shot  him 
ead. 
VOL.1.  C 


wmmm 


30 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


When  Mr.  Banks  heard  of  the  affair,  he  waj 
greatly  displeased  with  the  guard,  and  he  used  his 
utmost  endeavours  to  accommodate  the  difference; 
and  through  the  mediation  of  an  old  mrin,  prevailed 
^on  many  of  the  natives  to  come  over  to  them,  bring 
1ng  plantain-trees,  their  usual  signal  of  peace,  a 
clapping  their  hands  in  their  breasts,  they  cried,  Tya% 
which  signifies  friendship. 

Few  of  the  natives  appeared  next  mornipg  upoj 
the  beach,  and  not  one  oi  them  came  on  board.  FroE 
hence  Mr,  Banks  and  the  other  gentlemen  concluded, 
that  their  apprehensions  were  not  entirely  removed, 
more  especially  as  even  Owhaw  had  forsaken  them 
The  Captain,  in  consequence  of  these  disagreeable 
appearances,  brought  tne  ship  nearer  to  shore,  an 
moored  her  so  as  to  make  her  broad-side  bear  ci: 
the  spot  which  had  been  marked  for  erecting  th 
fort.  The  Captain  went  on  shore  in  the  evenini 
with  some  of  the  gentlemen,  when  the  Indians  asseni 
bled  round  them,  and  they  trafficked  together  in 
friendly  manner. 

The  fort  began  to  be  erected  on  the  18th.  Sonii 
of  the  company  wer8  employed  in  throwing  up  in 
trenchments,  whilst  others  were  occupied  in  cuttiw 
fascines  and  pickets,  which  the  Indians  of  their  ow 
accord  cheerfully  assisted  in  bringing  from  the  woodi 
Three  sides  of  the  fort  were  fortified  with  intrench- 
ments  and  pallisades  ;  and  on  the  other,  which  w 
flanked  by  a  river,  the  water-casks  being  filled,  we 
placed  so  as  to  form  a  breast-work. 

This  day  the  natives  brought  down  such  quantiti 
of  bread-fruit  and  cocoa-nuts,  that  it  was  necessa 
to  reject  them,  and  to  intimate  to  them,  that  the  co 
pany  would  not  want  any  for  two  days.    Beads  we 
trafficked   this  day  for  every  thing.    Mr.   Banks' 
tent  being  got  up,  he,  for  the  first  time,  slept 
shore.     No  Indian    attempted  to  approach  it  thi 
whole  night ;  however,  a  precaution  had  been  tak 
to  place  proper  sentinels  about  it. 

Mr.  Monkhouse,  the  surgeon,  said  he  had  seen,  i 
his  evening  walk,  the  body  of  the  man  who  had  beci 


L  ti 


"MSAf 


FIRST  VOYAGE. 


31 


lot  at  the  tent.  It  was  deposited  in  a  shed»  close 
the  house  where  he  had  resided  when  alive  The 
>rpse  was  placed  on  a  bier,  the  frame  of  which  was 
rood,  with  a  matted  bottom,  supported  by  posts  about 
re  feet  high.  The  corpse  was  covered  with  a  mat, 
id  over  that  a  white  cloth  ;  by  its  side  lay  a  wooden 
lace,  and  towards  the  head  two  cocoa-nut  shells ; 
^wards  the  feet  was  a  bunch  of  green  leaves  and 
fall  dried  boughs,  tied  together  and  stuck  in  the 
mnd,  near  which  was  a  stone  the  size  of  a  cocoa- 
here  was  also  placed  a  young  plantain-tree  and 
tone  axe.  The  natives  seemed  displeased  at  his 
broaching  the  body. 

"hey  had  a  specinnen  of  the  music  of  the  country 
the  22d  ;  some  of  the  natives  performing  on  flutes, 
iich  had  only  two  stops  ;  they  were  blown  like  the 
|rman  flute,  but  the  performer  blew  with  his  nos- 
'  instead  of  his  mouth  :  several  others  sung,  ooly 
ie  tuncj  to  this  instrument. 
)me  of  the  Indians  brought  the  English  axes  to 
id  and  repair,  mqst  of  which  they  had  received 
the  DolphiR ;  but  a  French  one  occasioned 
:h  speculation,  and  it  at  length  appeared  to  have 
m  left  here  by  Mr.  de  Bouganville- 
3n  the  25th,  several  knives  belonging  to  the  offi- 
rs  were  missing ;  upon  which  Mr.  Banks,  who  had 
>t  his  among  the  rest,  accused  one  of  the  Chiefs 
Ith  having  stolen  it,  which  caused  him  to  be  very 
ihappy,  as  he  happened  to  be  innocent  of  the  fact, 
|r.  Banks'  servant  having  mislaid  it ;  and  the  rest 
|re  produced  in  a  rag  by  a  native.  This  Chief  was 
Se  time  before  he  would  forget  this  accusation,  the 
rs  starting  from  his  eyes,  and  he  made  signs  with 
\  knife,  that  if  he  had  ever  been  guilty  of  such  an 
tion,  ^s  was  imputed  to  him,  he  would  suffer  his 
Toat  to  be  cut.  However,  in  general,  these  people, 
pm  the  highest  to  the  lowest,  are  the  greatest 
lieves  in  the  world. 

X)n  the  26th,  six  swivel  guns  were  mounted  upon 
Ie  fort,  which  put  the  natives  into  great  consterna- 
on,  and  caused  several  fishermen,  who  lived  upon 


i' 


i^m 

\m 

k 

t 

t 

^S' 

i 

(hIj, 

. 

[Ht 

3? 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


the  point,  to  remove  farther  off,  imagining  they  were 
to  be  fired  at  in  a  few  days. 

The  next  day  TuOora  Tutnaida,  with  a  friend,  a 
i^emarkable  ghitton,  and  tliree  of  his  women,  dined 
at  the  fort ;  after  which  he  set  out  for  his  house  in 
the  woofl.    In  a  short  time  he  returned  in  much  agi- 
tation,  to  acquaint  Mr.  Banks  that  the  ship's  butcher] 
had  threatened  to  cut  his  wife's  thr%»at,  upon  her  re- 
fusing!; to  sell  him  a  stone  hatchet,  which  he  had  tak- 
en a  fancy  to,  for  a  nail     It  clearly  appeared  he  had  i 
been  culpable,  and  he  was  flog:ged  on  board,  in  sight' 
of  several  Indians.    As  soon  as  the  first  stroke  wasj 
given  they  interfered,  and  earnestly  entreated  that  he 
ini^ht  be  untied.    This  beina^  refused,  they  burst  into] 
tears»  and  shewed  great  concern 

During  the  forenoon  of  this  day,  canoes  were  con-i 
tinually  coming  in. and  the  tents  at  the  fort  were  filled] 
W'th  people  of  both  sexes.    Mr.  Molineux, master ofi 
the  Endeavour,  went  iwi  bhore,  and  seeing  a  woman.i 
whose  name  was  Oberea,  he  declared  she  was  thej 
person  he  judged  to  be  the  Queen  of  the  island,  when] 
he  came  there  on  board  the  Dolphin  in  the  last  voy- 
age. 

The  eyes  of  every  one  were  now  fixed  on  her,  whol 
had  made  so  distinguished  a  figure  in  the  accounts! 
that  had  been  given  by  the  first  discoverers  of  thiJ 
islaPid.    The  person  of  the  Queen  Oberea  was  ofal 
large  make,  and  tall ;  she  was  ©bout  forty  years  of! 
age,  her  skin  white  ;  her  eyes  had  great  expression! 
and  meaning  in  them  ;  she  had  been  handsome,  bot| 
her  beauty  was  now  upon  the  decline.    She  was  soon| 
conducted  to  the  ship,  and  went  on  board,  accompa- 
nied with  some  of  her  familv.    Many  presents  were! 
made  her,  particylarly  a  child's  doll,  which  seemed 
the  most  to  engross  her  attention.    Captain  Cofkj 
accompanied  her  on  shore  ;  and  as  soon  as  they  lana- 
ed,  she  presented  him  with  a  hog,  and  some  plan- 
tains, which  were  carried  to  the  for^  in  procession,! 
Oberea  and  the  Captain  bringing  up  the  rear.    They 
met  Tootahah,  who,  though  pot  King,  seemed  to  be j 
at  this  time  invested  with  sovereign  authority.    lis 


FIRST  VOYAGE. 


G3 


immediately  became  jealous  of  the  Queen's  having 
the  doll ;  which  made  them  find  it  necessary  to  com- 
pliment him  with  one  also. 
On  Saturday  29th,  in  the  forenoon,  Mr.  Banks  paid 
visit  to  Oberea,  who  was  still  asleep  under  the  awn- 
jg  of  her  canoe,  'vhither  he  went  with  an  intention 
>f  calling  her  up.    Upon  entering  her  chamber,  to 
lis  great  surprise,  he  found  her  in  bed  with  a  hand- 
feme  young  fellow,  about  five-and-twenty  ;   upon 
fhiehhe  immediately  retired  with  some  precipita- 
)n,  not  a  little  disconcerted  at  this  discovery  ;  but 
t  was  soon  gjven  to  understand,  that  such  amours 
'ere  by  no  means  considered  scandalous,  and  that 
Jbadie,  the  person  found  in  bed  with  the  Queen,  was 
ly  every  one  known  \o  have  been  selected  by  her  as 
Se  object  of  her  lascivious  hours.    The  Queen  soon 
)t  up  arid  dressed  herself  to  wait  upon  Mr.  Banks. 
The  next  day,  Sunday  the  30th,  Tomio  came  run- 
[ng  to  the  tents,  and  taking  Mr.  Banks  by  the  arm, 
whom  they  apphed  in  all  emergent  cases,  told  him 
It  Tubora  Tumaida  was  dying,  owing  to  home^ 
ing  which  had  been  given  him  to  eat  by  his  people, 
id  prayed  him  to  go  instantly  to  him.     Acccrding- 
Mr.  Banks  went,  and  found  the  Indian  very  sick, 
le  was  told,  that  he  had  been  vomiting,  and  had 
irowu  up  a  leaf,  which  they  said  contained  some  of 
poison  wnich  he  had  taken.    Upon  examining 
le  leaf,  Mr.  Banks  found  it  to  be  nothing  more  than 
)bacco,  which  the  Indian  had  begjged  of  some  of 
beir  people.    He  looked  up  to  Mnbanks,  while  he 
|as  examining  the  leaf,  as  if  he  had  not  a  moment  to 
Mr  Banks,  now  knowing  his  disorder,  order- 
him  to  drink  of  cocoa-nut  milk,  which  soon  resto^- 
id  him  to  health,  and  he  was  as  cheerful  as  ever. 
On  the  1st  of  May,  Captain  Cook  produced  an  iron 
idze,  made  in  imitation  of  one  of  their  stone  ones, 
rhich  had  been  brought  home  by  Captain  Wallis, 
^Bd  shewed  it  to  Tootahah,  who  took  such  a  fancy  to 
t,  that  notwithstanding  he  %vas  offered  the  choice  of 
my  of  the  things  that  were  in  his  cheatSi  he  snatched 
It  up  with  the  greatest  eagerness,  and  would  acce|^t 


S4 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


of  nothing  else.  The  same  day  a  Chief,  who  had 
dined  on  boat'd  a  fe^v  days  before,  accompanied  by 
some  of  his  women,  who  used  to  feed  him,  came  on 
board  by  himself,  anfl  when  dinner  was  on  table,  the 
Captain  helped  him  to  some  victuals,  thinking  upon 
this  occasion  he  would  condescend  to  feed  himself; 
but  he  never  attempted  to  eat,  and  had  not  one  of 
the  servants  fed  him,  he  would  certainly  have  gone 
without  his  dinner. 

In  the  afternoon  they  took  the  astronomical  qua- 
drant, with  some  other  instruments,  on  shore. 

On  Tuesday  the  2d,  having  occasion  to  use  the 
quadrant,  to  their  great  astonishment  and  .concern 
it  was  missing;  this  was  the  more  extraordinary, as 
a  sentinel  had  been  posted  the  whole  night  within  a 
few  yards  of  the  tent  in  which  it  had  been  depoBiied  ; 
and  it  had  never  been  taken  out  of  the  case  in  which 
it  was  packed.  Theii  own  people  were  at  tirbt  sus- 
pected, imagining  they  might  have  mistaken  the 
contents  for  articles  used  in  traffic.  They  searched 
the  fort  and  the  adjacent  places,  and  a  considerable 
reward  was  offered,  as  the  loss  of  this  instrument 
.would  have  rendered  it  impossible  for  them  to  have 
made  the  necessary  observations  respecting  the 
transit,  one  of  the  principal  objects  of  their  voyag:e. 
After  every  fruitless  search  had  been  made,  Mr 
Banks,  accompanied  by  Mr,  Green  and  some  other 
gentlemen,  set  out  for  the  woods,  where  he  t^ou^ht 
he  might  gain  some  intelligence  of  the  robbery,  it  it 
;had  been  committed  by  the  natives,  In  the  course 
of  their  journey  they  met  Tubora  Tumaida,  with  a 
few  of  the  natives,  who  was  made  by  signs  to  under- 
fitand,  that  some  of  his  countrymen  had  stolen  the 
quadrant,  and  Mr.  Banks  insisted  upon  being  con- 
ducted to  the  place  where  it  was  concealed.  Ac- 
cordingly, they  ijrocet  ded  together  a  few  miles,  and, 
after  some  inquiry,  Tubora  Tumaida  received  in- 
formation of  the  thief,  and  that  he  was  to  be  found 
at  a  place  about  four  mHes  distant 

Having  obtained  froip  Captain  Cook  a  party  of 
mei; armed  as  guards,they  proceeded  to  the  spot,and 


m 


FIRST  VOYAGE. 


35 


were  met  by  one  of  Tubora  Tumaida's  own  people, 

[With part  of  the  quadrant;   soon  afterwards  the 

box  in  which  it  had  been  packed,  coniaining  ihc 

[other  parts  of  it,  was  recovered.    It  had  received 

10  noalerialiiijury,  though  taken  to  pieces. 

On  Wednesday  the  3d,  in  the  morning,  Mr.  Banks 

md  Dr.  Solander  attended  as  usual  to  purchase  pro- 

risions,  but  the  liidians  brought  nothing  to  market ; 

ciiuld  they  procure  an)^  from  some  fibbing-  boats 

rhich  came  a-breast  of   the  tents,   though  they 

rere  in  great  m  ant  of  cocoa-nuts  and  bread-truit. 

Their  provisions  now  were  extremely  scarce,  and 

le  market^  ill  supplied-    Next  day,  with  some 

ifficulty,  Mr.  Banks  obtained  a  lew  baskets  of  bread- 

ruit  from    I'ubora  Tumaida  in  the  w<>ods,  which 

fere  a  very  seasonable  relief.     An  axe  and  shirt 

fere  sent  tor  this  day  by  Ti^nahah,  in   return  for 

is  two  hogs,  which  they  pi'omised  to  bring  him  the 

:xt  day-    If  they  had  not  complied  with  this  re- 

lest,  tliey  could  have  sc:v»cely  procured  any  provi- 

Ins. 

.fter  his  sending  again  early  in  the  morning,  on 
riday  5th,  Mr.  BunlS}  and  Dr  Solander,  with  the 
paj)tain,  set  out  in  the  pinnace,  taking  one  of  Too- 
ihah*s  people  with  them.  They  soon  reached  E- 
irre,  the  place  where  he  dwelt,  which  was  but  a 
miles  to  the  west  of  the  tents.  Upon  their  arri- 
d,  they  found  great  numbers  of  people  upon  the 
kore  waiting  for  them.  They  were  immediately 
mducted  to  the  Chief,  whilst  the  natives  shouted 
)und  them,  Taio  TootafnUt^  **  Tootiihah  is  your 
lend."  They'  found  him  sitting  under  a  tree,  and 
leold  men  standing  round  him.  As  soon  as  he 
Id  made  signs  for  them  to  sit  down,  he  asked  fop 
axe,  which  Captain  Cook  presented  toJiim,  with 
shirt  and  a  broadcloth  garment,  with  ^hichr  he 
jemed  greatly  pleased  ;  and  put  the  garment  on, 
ifter  eating  a  mouthful  together  in  the  boat,  they 
fere  conducted  to  a  large  area,  or  couft-yard,  oa 
ne  side  of  his  house,  where  an  entertainment  was 
provided  for  them,  consisting  of  ^wr^stling.    Thqi 


mmKm 


■'( 


$«  CAPTAIN  COOK'S 

«f.  ^  ^(^  - 1..  .  —  - 

Chief  sat  at  the  upper  end  of  the  area,  witli  'several 
of  his  principal  men  on  each  side  of  him,  by  way  ot 
judges,  from  whom  the  conquerors  received  ap- 
plause- 
Ten  or  twelve  combatants  entered  the  area,  and 
after  many  simple  ceremonies  of  challenging  eacii 
other,  they  engaged,  endeavouring  to  throw  one 
another  by  dint  ot  strength ;  then  seizing  hold  of 
ci|ch  other  by  the  thigh,  the  hand,  the  h^ir,  or  the 
clothes,  they  grappled  without  the  least  art,  till 
one  was  thrown  on  his  back  ;  this  conquest  was  ap- 
plauded by  some  words  from  the  old  ti^en,  and  three 
nnzzas* 

A  man  with  a  stick,  who  made  way  for  them 
when  they  landed,  officiated  here  as  master  of  the 
ceremonies,  keeping  order  among  the  people. 

When  this  entertainment  was  at  an  end,  they 
urere  informed,  that  some  hogs  and  a  quantity  of 
bread-fruit  were  preparing  for  their  dinner  j  which 
intelligence  was  the  more  agreeable,  as  their  appe- 
tites were  at  this  time  exceeditigly  keen.  But  instead 
of  dining  either  on  shore  or  on  board  of  the  boat, 
they  had  the  mortification  of  going  ^s  f^r  as  tlie 
ship,  by  the  desire  of  the  chief. 

As  soon  as  the  chief  was  known  to  be  on  board 
the  ship,  the  people  brought  plenty  of  bread-fruit, 
cocoa-nuts,  and  other  provisions  to  the  fort. 

On  Tuesday  9tli,  in  the  forenoon,  Oberea  paid 
them  a  visit,  accompanied  by  her  favourite  Oba- 
die;  she  presented  them  with  a  hog  and  some  bread- 
fruit. 

The  forge  hd:\^  now  set  up,  and  frequently  at 
•work,  became  not  only  a  new  suyect  of  admiration 
to  the  In4ians,  but  afforded  the  Captain  an  addi- 
tional opportunity  of  conferring  obligations  op  them, 
by  permitting  the  smith  during  his  leisure  hours,  to 
convert  the  old  iron,  which  they  were  supposed  to 
Jiave  procured  from  the  Dolphin,  into  different  kinds 
pf  tools. 

fk^  n9.tives,  ^fter   repeated  attempts,  fin^iiig 


FIRST  VOYAGE. 


nr 


themselves  incapable  of  pronouncing  the  namei  of 
I  the  English  gentlennen*  had  recourse  to  new  ones 
[formed  from  their  ovfn  langiii^ge*   Mr,  Cook  was 
named  I'oote  ;  Hicks,   Hete  ;  Gore,  Toura  ;   So- 
lander,  Tolano  ;   Banks,  Opane  ;  Green.  Treenc  ; 
nd  so  on  for  the  greatest  part  of  the  ship's  crew. 
As  Mr.  Banks  was  sitting  in  his  boat,  trading  with 
^heai  as  usual,  on  Friday  the  12t]i,  a  very  extraor- 
dinary ceremony  was  performed    by  some  ladies 
rho  were  strangers,  to  whom  the  rest  of  the  Indians 
iving  way  on  each  side,  and  forming,  a  passage, 
ley  advanced  in  procession  towards  Mv.  Banks,  to 
rhom  they  presented  some  parrot's  feathers,  iilan- 
bins,  and  other  plants.    The>  then  brought  a  large 
inndJe  of  cloth,  consisting  of  nine  pieces,  which  be- 
ig  divided  into  three  parcels,  one  of  the  women, 
r  1*0  appeared  to  be  the  principal,  stepping  051  one 
^  the  parcels,  pulled  up  all  her  clothes  as  high  as 
:r  waist,  and  then,  with  an  air  of  unaffected  sim- 
Ucity,  turned  round  three  times.    This  cerenoony 
)e  rejHjated  in  the  same  manner  on  the  other  two 
^rcHs  of  cloth,  and  the  whole  being  then  presented 
'  Mr.  Banks,  the  ladies  went  and  saluted  him  ;  iu' 
stum  for  which  he  made  them  such  presents  as 
5  thought  would  gratify  them  the  moFt. 
The  next  evening  Mt.  Banks  was  under  the  disa- 
reeablc  necessity  of  reprimanding,  in  very  strong 
irrns^  Tubora  Tiimaida,  for  having  the  insoience 
snatch^his  gun  from  him,  and  firing  it  in'the  <iir  ; 
thing  which  surprised  Mr.  3anks  greatly,  as  he 
lagined  him  totally  ignorant  of  the  use  of  it.     And 
\  their  safety  d^epended  on  keeping  ihem  in   tliat 
Late,  he  told  him,  with  threats,  that  his  touching 
is  piece  was  the  grexvtest  of  insults.     The  Indian 
ladeno  reply,  but  set  off  with  his  family   to  his 
ouse  at  Eparre.    He  being  an  useful  man,  Mr. 
fanks,  accompani«d  by jVlr.  Molineux.  thought  fit 
0  go  after  him,  aild  they  found  him  among  a  number 
n  l)eople,  .greatly  dejected.  However,  as  Mr-  Banks 
ndiciously  caused  aHanimositv  to  cease,  they brou^jht 


iMWiSSm 


l**vV 


38 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


'    :    1    Ji    t 


him  back  to  supper  ;  after  which  the  Chief  and  his 
'%yife  both  slept  in  Mr.  Banks'  vent-  One  of  the  na> 
tives,  not  intimidated  by  thesr  presence,  attempted 
tliat  very  evening  to  scale  the  walls  of  the  fort,  but 
Tvas  prevented  by  the  sentinel.  These  Indians  could 
not  resist  making  attempts  to  steal  the  iron  and  iron 
tools  within  the  works. 

On  the  evening  of  the  14th,  several  of  the  offi- 
cers were  witnesses  to  an  entertainment  of  a  veiy 
extraordinary  nature,  which  consisted  of  the  most 
indecent  acts  of  lewdness.  For  example,  a  young 
fellow  cohabited  in  public  with  a  girl  about  eleven  or 
t  welie  years  of  age,  without  the  least  sense  of  shame ; 
and  what  is  still  more  extraordinary,  Oberea^  with 
several  other  females  of  the  first  rank,  were  pre^ 
sent  during  the  whole  time. 

On  Monday  the  15th,  Mr.  Banks  detected  Tubo- 
ra  Tumaida  in  having  stolen  some  nails.  Mr  Banks 
liavinp;  a  good  opinion  of  this  Chief,  v/as  willing  to 
put  his  fidelity  to  the  t^st,  and  s-  veral  tensptations 
"were  thrown  in  his  way,  among  the  rest  a  basket 
of  nails,  which  proved  irresistible.  He  confessed 
the  fact,  and  upon  Mr.  Banks'  insisting  upon  restitu- 
tions he  declared  the  nails  were  at  Eparre ;  this  oc- 
casioned high  wor4s.  and  at  length  the  Indian  pro- 
duced on(?  of  them.  He  was  to  have  been  forgiven 
upon  restoring  the  rest,  but  not  having  resolution  to 
fulfil  his  engagement,  he  fled  with  his  furniture  and 
family  before  night. 

On  the  17th,  one  of  the  natives  who  came  jn  the 
morning  before  day-light  to  steal  some  casks,  it  not 
being  the;  fir^t  offence,  the  sentinel  snapped  his  gun 
at  him,  but  it  triissing  fire,  he  escaped. 

On  the  27th  of  May,  Tootaiiah,  being  removed  to 
a  place  called  Atahourou^  Mr.  Banks,  Or.  Solandcr, 
Captain  Cook,  and  some  others,  set  out  in  the  pin- 
i)ac«  to  pay  him  a  visit ;  ^fter  niaking  presents  of  a 
fpw  trifling  articles,  they  were  invited  to  stay  the 
night.  Mr-  Banks  having  accepted  a  place  in  Obe- 
rcii's  canoe,  kit  His  companions,  in  ord':>  to  retire  to 


''>^ 


r'IRST  VOYAGE. 


39 


rest.  Notwithstanding  the  care  Oberca  took  of  his 
clothes,  by  having  them  in  her  own  custody,  they 
vere  stolen  with  his  pistols,  powder-honi,  and  many 
other  things  that  were  in  his  waistcoat  pockets* 
The  alarm  was  given  to  Tootahah,  who  slept  in  the 
next  canoe,  and  who  went  with  Oberea  in  search  of 
the  thief,  leaving  Mr.  Banks^  with  only  his  breeches 
^on.and  his  musket  uncharged.  They  soon  return- 
[cd,  but  without  success ;  Mr.  Banks  thought  proper 
to  put  up  with  the  loss  for  the  present  He  judged 
St  now  necessary  to  get  up  and  try  to  find  his  com- 
panions ;  he  first  went  to  the  hut,  where  Captain 

Jook  and  three  of  his  associates  lay,  and  began  to 
•elate  his  melancholy  tale  ;  but  insteai  of  receiving 

luch  comfort  from  them,  he  was  told,  that  they  had 
shared  the  same  fate,  having  lost  their  stockings 
md  jackets. 

In  their  return  to  the  boats,  they  w^re  greatly 
Amused  by  seeing  some  Indians  swimming  for  their 
liversion,  amidst  a  surf  which  no  I^uropean  boat 

mid  have  lived  in,  or  the  best  swimmer  in  Europe 

ive  saved  himself  from  drowning,  had  he  by  acci* 

int  been  exposed  to  its.  fury. 

Some  Indians  from  a  neighbouring  island,  to 
jhich  Captain  Wallis  gave  the  name  of  Duke  of 

ork's  Island,  informed  them  of  move  than 
iwenty  islands  in  the  neighbor rhood  of  Otaheite. 

They  iiow  began  to  make  preparations  for  ob- 
lervin^  ihe  transit  of  Venus,  and  from  the  hints 
rhich  Captain  Cook  had  received  from  the  Royal 
society,  he  sent  out  two  parties  to  make  observa- 
lons  from  difFerent  spots,  that  in  case  they  failed  at 
ptaheite,  they  might  succeed  elsewhere;  they  em- 
pov4id  themselves  in  preparing  their  insttuments, 
trd  instructing  such  gentlemen  with  the  use  of 
fnem,  as  were  to  go  out.  And  on  Thursday  the  1st 
of  June,  the  next  Saturday  being  the  day  of  the  tran- 
sit, thoy  sent  the  long  boat  to  Eimavo.  having  on 
loard  Mr.  Gore,  Mr.  Monkhousc,  and  Mr.Sporing, 
I  friend  of  Mr.  Banks ;  each  furnished  with  neccs- 


40 


CAPTiVlN  COOK'S 


sary  instruments  by  Mr.  Green.  Mr.  Banks  and  se- 
veral of  the  Indians  went  out  with  this  party.  Other 
■were  dispatched  to  find  out  a  convenient  spot,  at 
fiuch  a  distance  from  their  principal   station^  as 
might  suit  their  purpose. 

Those  who  we6t  to  Eimayo  in  the  long  boat,  after 
rowing  best  part  of  the  night,  by  the  help  of  some 
Indians  on  board  a  canoe,  whicH  they  hailed,  found 
a  proper  situation  for  their  ol>servatory  upon  a  rock, 
"wnich  rose  out  of  the  water,  about  one  hundred  and 
forty  yards  from  the  shore  ;  wbere  they  fixed  their 
tents,  and  prepared  the  apparatus  for  the  following 
day's  observation- 

On  Saturday  the  3d,  as  soon  as  it  was  light,  Mr 
Bants  left  them  to  go  to  the  island  for  fresh  provi- 
isioQs.  As  he  was  trading  with  the  natives  who  be- 
icDged  to  Tarrao^  the  King  of  the  islapti,  h^unajes- 
ty  arrived  with  his  sister,  whose  name  "  Nuna, 
in  order  to  pay  him  a  visit.  It  being  costomaiy 
among  these  people  to  be  seated  during  their  con- 
ferences, Mr.  Banks  spread  on  the  ground  his  In- 
dian cloth  turban,  that  he  wore  instead  of  a  hat,  on 
which  they  all  sat  down-  After  this  the  royal  pre- 
sent wsfsbrougL^,  consisting  of  a  hog,  a  dog,  some 
cocoa-n«ts,<  bread-frait,  &c.  A  messenger  was  dis- 
patched by  Mr.  Banks  for  an  adze,  a  shirt,  and  some 
jdcads^  and  they  wexte  presented  to  his  majesty,  who 
received  tliem  wiih  muchpleasure-  Tubora  Tumai- 
da  and  Tomio,  Indians  who  had  gone  with  I*^  . 
Batiks  upon  the  expedition,  came  from  the  obser  • 
tory :  Tomio,  said  to  be  related  to  Tarrao,  brouga; 
him  a  long  nail,  and  a  shhrt  for  Nuna,  by  way  of 
presents.  Mr.  Banks  returned  to  tlie  observatory 
•with  Tarrao,  Nuna,  and  three  beautiful  young  wo- 
men, their  chief  attendants.  He  shewed  them  the 
transit  of  Venus  over  the  sun,  and  informed  them, 
that  hf^  and  his  companions  had  come  from  fheir 
own  country  solely  to  view  it  in  that  situation;    w*^ 

The  produce  oIF  this  island,  according  to  the  ItK 
$pectiMR  of  Mr.  Bankis,  proved  to  be  much  the  saint: 


.'S 


T  VOYAGE* 


41 


that  of  Otaheite,  the  people  also  rese:nb1ii)g^  thote 
that  island  ;  many  ot  them  he  had  seen  upon  it, 
lo  wt ;e  well  acquainted  with  the  value  of  the 
radinjr  articles. 

Both  the  parties  which  were  sent  out,  made  their 
>servation  with  great  suQcess.     They  neverthc»- 
^63  differed  m  the  accoMnl^f  the  times  of  the  con* 
:ts  more  than  n^ight  have  been  imagined. 
Mr.  Green's  sxcount.was  as  follows  : 
first   external  con-  ;>  Hours.  Mm.  Sec. 


^i 


%5 


i 


44 


14 


32 


ir 


[lUit,  or    fir^t  appear- 
nce  of  Venus   un  the 

in,  was  \ 

le  fir«t  internal  contact,  ^ 
>r*otal  imo^ersion,  was  ^ 
le  second  Internal  con- 
Ifact,  or  lieginniug  of  the 

emersion  |i|  - 

second  extlrttal  con-  i 
|ct,  or  total  imnfersion^ 

tude  of  the  Observatory 

itude  149**  32*30"  W.  of  Greenwich. 

^hilc  th^y  were  viewing  the  transit  of  . 

of  the  ship^'s  company  broke  into  on*  of  the 

lerrooms,  and  a.olea  quantity  of  spike-nails.    As 

» circulation  of  these  naiis  might  have  becunLigh*" 

^detrimental  to  them,  strict  search  wd^Badep 

one  of  the  thieves  was  detected.    He  haaflhly  a 

in  hb  custody  ;  but  was  however  punished  with 

dozen  lashes. 

here  having  been  a  scarcity  of  bread-fruit  for 
le  days,  an  inquiry  was  made  of  the  cause,  and 
J  reason  the  Indians  gave  was,  that  there  being  a 
'^  crop,  the  fruit  had  been  gathered  to  make  a 
of  sour  paste,  which  the  natives  call  Mahie^ 
kh  aftei'  fenrientation,  will  keep  a  long  time» 
I  supply  them  in  times  of  dearth. 
Complaint  was  made  on  Monday  the  12th  to  the 
'  ^ain,  that  the  IndMla  had  lost  some  bows  and 
Iws,  and  strings  of  pRlted  hair  ;  the  affair  was 
[uired  into,  ana  the  hct  being  well  attested,  tiro  *^ 
OI4,  I,  £) 


mm 


42 


CAPTAIN  C 


^ozen  lashes  were  inflicted  upon  the  sailors  >i 
had  stolen  them- 

An  iron  coal-rake  foi*  the  oven  teingf  stole  in  tl 
night  of  the  14th,  and  many  other  things  having  at  did 
ferent  times  bten  taken  by  the  Indians,  the  Captabf 
judged  it  of  some  conseauence,  if  pos^ble  to  put  a 
«nd  to  these  practices,4y  making  it  their  commo 
interest  to  prevent  it.    He  had  already  given  strifl 
orders  that  the  sentinqjls  should  not  fire  upon  thei 
even  if  they  were  detected  in  the  fact*     Al 
twenty-seven  of  their  double:  canoes  with  sails  w< 
ju.^t|;ome  in  with  cargoes  of  fish,  whieb  the  captad 
seized,  and  then  gave  notice,  that  unless  the  rak^ 
and  all  the  other  things,  which  had  at  differe 
'vmesbeen  stolen,  were  returned,  the  vessels  shoi 
^i       irnt.    The  Captain  had,  indeed,  no  such  de 
l^i^j  ,  as  will  appear  by  the  event.    The  menace  pn 
^^ced  no  other  effect   than  the  rel^lution  of  tli 
rake,  all  the  ptherthuigs  remainingin  their  poss 
sion.    At  length  the  Captain  tl*Dught  proper  to  giv 
the  cargoes,  as  the  innocent  natives  were  i^ 
"  distress  for  want  of  them  ^and  at  last,  topr " 
mfusioni  from  the  difficulty  of  ascertaiidng 
whom^he  diflfercnt  lots  belonged,  he  p^miseQ  al 
to  release  the  canoes. 

Ahoot  this  time  anolhet*  event  had  nearly  invol 
ed  jptenglish  in  a  quarrel  with  the  Indians-  Tli 
CfiiMn  having  sent  a  boat  on  shore  to  get  balh 
the  officer  not  meeting  immediately  with  what 
•wanted,  began  to  pull  down  one  of  the  sepulchi 
buildings ;  this  measure  was  strenuously  opposed! 
the  Indians.  IVir-  Banks  having  received  mtelligeDO 
of  the  affair,  repaired  to  the  spot,  and  the  matte 
■was  soon  amicably  terminated,  there  being  ston^ 
sufficient  found  elsewhcjre- 

Ou  the  19th  in  the  evening,  soon  after  dark^wbili 
tl\e  canoes  were  detained  by  the  Captain,  06ei 
the  C^een,  and  several  of  her  attendants,  paid 
g;ei)tlemen  a  visit.    She  c^e  from  Tootahah's 
lace  in  a  double  canoe,  awbrought  with  her 
breod-lnj^t,  i^id  otlver  presents,  amoDg  which  >vls< 


ln^ 


^ 


FIRST  VOYAGE. 

;  but  none  of  the  things  that  had  been  stolen  t 
,^?»she  pleaded,  had  been  taken  away  by  her 
llant  Obadie,  tor  which  she  had  beaten  him.  She 
AS  desirous  of  sleeping  with  her  attenflants  ip  Mr. 
inks'  tent ;  but  this  being  refused,  she  was  obligeij 
pass  the  night  in  her  canoe.  ' 

rhe  next  morning  tlf^Queen  Tetnmed  to  the 
,  Two  of  her  attendants  were  very  earnest  m 
ting  themselves  husbands,  in  which  they  «i>c- 
acd  by  means  ofthe  Surgeon  and  one  of  the  L'>eu- 
'    is.     They  «Rmed  vfeVy  agreeable  till^J^d- 

and  deterHiined  to  lie    in  Mr.  IB'^ksj 
tch  they  Accordingly  did,  till  the  surgeon  Ifl 
ic  words  with  one  of  them,  Mr.  Banks  thrust  her 
U  and  she  was  followed  by  the  rest,  except^ea 
it  \^iio  cried  for  some  JJJfie,  till  he  turnip  M 
also.    This  had  like  tl^ave  become  a  stji 
lir,  a  duel  being  talked  ofb^ween  Mr.  Bai^ 
'  Mr.  MonkhouMj^but  it  wlis  happily  avoided. 
I  are  esteeme(rl|tre  more  delicate  eating  than 
;  as  those  breoxb  be  et  ten  taste  no  ^n^ia) 
but  live  entirely  upon  vegetables;  and  the^fe- 
-lent  was  tricid.    Tupla  undertook  tl|^^l  atld 
Jpne,  which  he  did,  by  makirg  a  h^|e  in  the 
md  and  baking  it    It  was  deemed  a  very  good 

'hey  were  visited  on  the  21st  at  the  fort  by  many 
lie  Natives,  who  brought  various  kinds  of  pre- 
its.  and  among  tlie  rest  Oamo,  a  Chief  o£  several 
tricts  on  the  island,  whom  they  had  nevtr -bt tore 
i,  who  brought  with  him  a  hog.  This  chief  was 
ited  with  great  respect  by  the  natives,  and  was 
:ompanied  by  a  boy  and  a  young  woman*  The 
was  carried  upon  a  man's  back,  tliough  he  was 
able  to  walk.  Oberea  and  some  other  ot  the 
ms  went  out  of  the  fort  to  meet  thetn.  their 
ids  and  bodies  being  first  uncovered  fis  low  as  the 
list.  This  was  considered  as  a  mark  of  respect ; 
^y  had  not  noticed  it  before,  but  jiidped  it  was 
tally  sliewn  to  persons  of  distinguished  rank 
long   them.     Oamo  entered  the  tent,  but  the 


¥ 


44 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


Hi 


young  wcman,  who  was  about  sixteen,  could  not  be 
prevailed  upon  to  accompany  2;iim,  though  sheieent- 
ed  to  combat  with  her  curiosity  and  inclinat  wa.| 
Dr.  Sblander  took  the  youth  by  the  hand,  and  con^j 
ductefl  him  in ;  but  the  natives  without,  who  had 
prevented  the  girl's  entrance,  soon  found  means  to 
get  him  out  again*  jpff 

The  curiositv  of  Mr.  E^nks  and  the  other  gentle-j 
men  being  excited  from  these  circumstances,  they 
njaOe  inquiry  i|ho  these  strangers  were,  and  wg' 
infocmcd,  thatOaq^o  #<is  Obei|fe's  husband,  " 
mutual  consent  they  had  been  for  a  consid 
ime  separated ;  and  that  the  youth  and  gi 
•were^  their  offspring.    The  boy  was  named  Terridm^ 
and  ^^A  heir  apparent  to  the  sovereignty  of  thi 

lid ;  and  he  was  to  espouse  his  sister  as  soon  ai 

'ad  attained  the  prdpbr  age. 
'onday,  June  26^  early  in  the  morning,  the  Cap- 
tSlh  sit  out  in  thC^innace,  a^ompanied  by  MrJ 
Banks,  to  circumndvi^te  tbcWfend.    They  sail 
to  the  eastward,  and  in  the  l^noon  they  went  odI 
shore,  in  a  part  of  the  island  under  the  governmeni 
of  Ahi^a  young  chief,  who  had  often  visited     *" 
at  theiftiraits.    They  also  found  h^re  some  otht 
tives  of  their  acauaintance*    They  then  proceet 
together  to  ^  narbour,  whefeixi  M.  Bougainvil! 
lay  when  he  visited  this  island,  and  were  shewn  thef 
ground  on  which  he  fixed  his  tent,  and  the  warring- 
place.    They  also  met  with  Orette^  a  Chfei^  who] 
■was  their  particular  friend,  whose  brother  went] 
away  with  M.  Bougainville. 

Having  taken  a  survey  of  this  harbour,  and  al 
large  bay  near  which  it  is  situated,  they  proposed] 
going  to  the  opposite  side  of  the  piy,  but '  Titubaola, 
■who  was  their  conductor,  not  only  refused  to^llt- 
company  them,  but  endeavoured  to  dissuade^hej 
Captain  and  Mr.  Banks  from  going,  saying,  '*  That 
country  was  inhabited  by  people  who  were  not  sub* 
jects  to  Tootahah,  and  who  would  destroy  them 
all."  This  information  did  not,  however,  prevent 
the  execution  of  their  design ;  and  upon  loading 


t 


fIrst  voyage. 


44 


(leir  pieces  with  ball,  Titubaola  took  courage  to  gg 
fith  tliew).  They  rowed  till  it  was  dark,  when 
;y  reached  a  narrow  neck  of  land  ttfat  divided 
ie  island  into  two  peninsulas,  which  are  distinct 
^vernments.  As  they  were  not  yet  got  into  the 
istile  part  of  the  country,  they  agreed  to  spend 
night  on  shore,  where  they  were  provided  with 
>per  and  lodging  by  Ooratooa,  the  lady  who  paid 
compUmeuts  to  Mr.  Banks  in  so  i-ennarkable  a 
iner  at  the  fort. 

.  the  morning  they  pursued  J|||ir  passag:e  for  the 
;r  govei-nment-    They  landSnn  a  district  f  $ich 
governedby  a  Chief,  named  Maraitat^^c 
fyi»g  filace  of  men,  and  his  father  was  called  jPa- 
iiREDE,  the  steaitr  of  boats.    Notwithstanding 
\\x  names  were  ominous,  they  gave  the  Captai 

Mr.  Banks  a  very  civil  reception  ;   furnis 
^m  with  provisions,  and  sold  them  a  large 
|a  hatchet-    The  curiosity  of  the  natives  wef e 
excited,  and  a^ifc^owd  gathered  round  the  En- 
gentlemen,  but  they  saw  only  two  people  whom 
knew.    They  then  advanced  till  tney  reached 
listhct,  which  was  under  the  dominion  of  the 
Jipal  Chief  or  King,  named  Waheatua^  who  had  % 
but  it  was  not  known  in  whose  hands*  the  sove- 
R  power  was  lodged-  Having  continued  their  jour* 
along  the  shore  for  a  considerable  way,  they  at 
saw  the  Chief,  and  with  him  an  agreeable  yoimg 
^an  about   two-and-twenty,    named  I'oudidde. 
key  were  not  unacquainted  with  her  name,  as 
'  had  often  heard  it  mentioned  by  the  natives  ; 
they  had  gi'eat  reas(m  to  suppose  she  was  the 
renofthis  penM|aila. 
pa^*sing  thr(Jn  this  part  of  the  island,  they 
id  it  better  cultivated,  and  more  improved  than 
they  had  hitherto  met  with  ;  though  the  houses 
5re  but  few,^nd  those  very  small,  but  there  were 
;reat  number  of  canoes  which  excelled  any  they 
id  seen,  both  in  size  and  workmanship.  Notwith- 
inding  the  fertility  of  the  country,  provision  qf 
^ry  kind  was  very  scarce. 

P2 


46 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


Towards  the  ^fthernmost  part  of  the  island  they 
found  a  good  hamcir,  formed  by  ^^ef,  aad  the  clr- 
cunnacent^untrf  remarkably  fiOTful. 

They  landed  again  a  little  further  to  the  east. 
Mathiabo,  the  Chief,  with  whom  they  had  no  ac- 
Quaiutance»  nor  had  ever  seen  before,  soon  came  to 
uiem,  and  supplied  them  with  cocoa-nuts  and  bread- 
%Cruit.  They  purchased  a  hcg  for  a  glass  bottle,j 
■which  he  took  in  preference  to  every  other  thin 
that  was  offered  him.  They  saw  here  a  turkey 
cock  andta  goose^^hich  the  Dolphin  left  on  the 
island ;  they  wer^llmarkably  fat,  and  seemed  to 
be  greatly  admired  oy  the  Ifftiians. 

A  very  uncommon  ||Jght  presented  itself  in  a 
house  near  this  j)laceT  several  human  jaw-bones 
■were  fastened  to  a  board  of  a  semicircular  form ; 
they  seemed  freshi  and  had  not  lost  any  of  their 
teeth..  Mr.  Banlfitcftuld  obtain  no  explanation  of' 
this  ndvstery.  They  quitted  this  place,  and  arrived 
lis  a  bay  on  the  north-west  side.  *^ 

Several  canoes  came  off  here  with  sotoe  vilry 
beautiful  women,  who/ appeared  to  be  desirous  of 
their  going  on  sliore,  to  which  they  readily  assented 
They  met  with  a  friendly  reception  from  the  Chief, 
%vhQ^  name  was  Wiverou,  who  gave  direcuons  to 
SG|flpof  his  people  to  assist  them  in  dressing  their 
priSlftsions,  which  were  now  very  plerititul,  and  they| 
^    supped  at  Wiverou's  house,  in  company  with  Ma- 
thiabo.   Part  of  the  house  was  allotted  for  them  to  I 
sleep  in,  and  soon  after  supper  they  retired  to  rest. 
Mathiabo  having  obtained  a  cloak  from  Mr.  Banks, 
tinder  pretence  of  using  it  as  a  coverlet  when  he  lay| 
down,  immediately  made  off  witlUt,  unperc^yed  by! 
that  gentleman  or  his  companies    NewsHt^everl 
of  the  robbery  was  soon  brought  We  m  by  one  of  the! 
natives  ;  in  consequence  of  which  inl^igence  they  | 
«et  out  in  pursuit  o^he  thief,  but  had 'proceeded  a 
very  little  way  before  they  were  met  by  a  person 
bringing  back  the  cloak,  which  Mathiabo  had  given 
up  through  fear. 

The  house,  ups^  their  retur&i  was  entirely  desert- 


FI] 


VOYAGE. 


4r 


t,  and  aboiltfcMr  inthe  morni 
le  alarin^^^t  S  boat  was  m 


tCMl 


c  sentinel  f^ttvt 
■ig-    Mr.  Hank$ 
d  the  CaptaiiT^erc  greatly  as^miiSie^  at  this  ac- 
unt,  and  ran  to  the  water's  side  ;  fe^t  though  the 
orning  was  clear  knd  star-light,  no  boat  was  visi- 
Iheir  situation  was  now  extremely  temfy- 
the  party  consisting  of  but  four,  with  a  singl^j^ 
isket  and  two  pocket-pistols,  without  a  s|  are^ 
^U  or  a  charge  wpowder.    After  remaining  in 
"^  distressful  st»kf  anxiety  for  aJH|bide ruble 
dreading  tflHId vantage  the  IM|p)s  would, 
ie  of  it,  to  their  great  joy,  the  boatwliidi  had 
*n  driven  a^y  by  tni  tide,  returned  ;  ||rid  Mr. 
mks  and  his  companions  no  sooner  breakfasted 
in  they  departed.  ^^ 

This  place  is  situated  onthcgifctlflidcofTiarra- 
I,  the  south- cast  peninsulaaj^hie  island.    It  is 
Lile  and  populous,  and  the^Rhabitants    every 
'reJbftliaved  \aih  civility.    Thejs^st  district    in 
U'dHyn  w1|BI|hcy  landed,  was  g^)vemed  by  a 
led  Adoer     He  wanted  a  hatchet,  but 
^  had  n^  one  JKJih  them.    He  would  not  trade 
bails,  afwl  theyT^tearkcd,  the  Chief  accompa^ 
Ig  thefh|^^    After  going  about  three  miles.^the 
>tain  met  wkb  some  of  Omoe's  people,  w\   ^ 
with  them  a  very  large  hog.    The  Chief  a 
exchange  the  hog  for  a  large  axe,  and  a  ,.«..,^ 

to  bring  the  beast  to  the' fort  in  Port  Uoyar! 
iy.    This  resolution  he  came  to  after  consulting^ 
^  wife  ;  and  Mr.  Banks  judftcd  the  excha  )^eto  be 
advantageous  to  the  Englisli,  as  the  hog  was 
ima^^bly  fine  one.  « 

k.t  tn^lace  they  saw  one  of  their  Eatuas,  or  gods ; 
ras  iMc  M  wicker  work,  and  resembled  the 
ire  of  a  ni^  ;  it  was  near  seven  feet  in  height, 
I  was  coifeibd  with  black  wj|d  white  feathers  ; 
the  head  were  four  protubflPjct^,  which  the  na- 
res  called  Tatt  ete,  or  little  men.  Here  they  took 
jve  of  Omoe^  ^ 

They  were  now  near  the  districfHfcned  Paparra, 
lich  was  goyemed  !^  Oama  23^berca>  ^vhere 


«»-^ 


f 


.'^?:t.. 


^ 


48 


CAPTAIN 


^Bk*s 


th^Y  innn^  to  HRkd  the  night   Mf*  Wll)p  and  hit 
compaiip^'ded  1||p(ut  an  hour  bef||p  it  was  dark, 
and  found  that  they  were  botli  set  out  to  pay  them  a 
visit  at  the  fqtt    They  nevertheless  slept  at v the 
house  of  Obcreat,  which,  though 'nbt  large,  was^tiry 
neat ;  no  inhabitant  but  her  father  was  now  in  pos- 
^Ip^sion  of  it,  who  shewed  them  much  civility-    Theyj 
^bok  this  opportunity  of  walking  out  to  a  poiiit,uponj 
which  they  h^  observed,  at  a  dyjtance,  some  trees* 
called  EtQ||Aiich  usually  gro^^the  burial-places 
of  these  ptfflp    They  call  t;lflPlburying-grounU8 
Morai,  which  are  also  places  of  worship.     I'hey 
here  saA^an  immense  edifice^  whicjji^hey  found  to 
be  th6  Morai  of  Oamo  and  Ober€;a,  which  was  by    ; 
far  the  most  considerable  piece  of  s^rchitectuie  to    ^ 
be  found  in  thelRl^ll  ^-  J 

It  consisted  of  aTBormous  pile  of  stone  work,  ^ 
raised  in  the  fornPHT a  pyramid,  with  a  fligii|of 
steps  on  each  side,  something  aft^  the  "^^H^'*  ^^ 
those  little  butidmgs  which  are  ffl&n<>"^]i^^^^^^ 
in  England  to  place  the  pillars  SP!un-diflp!q)on  > 
it  was  near  two  hundred  and  ^^^ty  f^  long,  and! 
about  one  third  as  wide,  and^^pfeeu  forty  and  fifty 
fcet^  high.  7^  ^ 

foundation  consisted  of  rock- stones,  the  steps 
oiisnl,  and  the  upper  part  of  round  pebbles,  c  11  of 
^|h?Bme  shape  and  size  ;  the  rock  and  coral  stones 
;;  were  all  s(juared  with  the  utmost  nealhess  and  regu- 
IHrity,  and  the  whole  building  appeared  as  compact 
and  firm  as  if  it  had  been  ei'ected  by  the  best  work- 
men in  Europe.  As  the  Ii  dians  we.e  totally  desti- 
tute of  iron  utensils  to  shape  their  stones,  as^vell  as 
mortar  to  cement  them,  When  they  had  m  JRkhera 
fit  for  ise  ;  a  structure  of  such  height  an3PTOagni- 
tude  must  have  been  a  work  of  infinite  labour  and 


fatigue. 

In  the  centre  of  th^Piimmit  ;yas  the  representation 
of  a  bird,  carved  in  wood  ;  close  to  this  was  the 
figure  of  a  fish,|^ich  was  in  stone-  This  pyramid 
made  part  of  on^|c|e  of  a  wide  court  or  square,  the^ 
^ides  of  which  mve  nearly  e^ual;  the  wl^ole  yfs^ 


49 


FIRST  VOYAGE,     ^m 

railed  in|K)^Wed  with  flat  sl^s.  ^^Hn  %> 
lace  grewXnolj|§thstanding  it  wlai  in  flHpianfWr 
I v^^ several  plantains,  and  trees,  whichl^tlic  na- 
tve|mlied  Etoa.    At  a  little  distance  to  the^west 
tlwSlifice  was  anotlier  pived  square,  which  con- 
iincd  several  small  stages,  called  by  the  natives 
Iwattas,  which  appeared  to  be  altars  ;  upon  themj| 
ley  place  provisions,  as  sacrifices  to  tne  gods : 
tr.  Banks  afterwards  observed  wholq^ hogs  phN%i4 
pon  these  Ewattfs^r  altars.  *  '^ 

[The  inhabitants  of  the  island  of  Ofaheite,  seem 
nothing  so  desirous  of  excelling  each  other  as  in 
ie  grandeur  and  magnificence  ot  their  sepulchr 
d  the  rank  and  authority  of  Oberea  waft  forci 
rinced  upon  this  occasion.    The  gentlemen  of  the 
ideavour,  it  has  been  observg^^id  not  find  Obe- 
possessed  of  tl^^ame  power,  as  when  the  Dol» 
was  at  this  plajpe,  and  they  were  now  informed 
h  cause.    T^way  from  her  house  to  the  Mo- 
was  by  the  ippside,  and  they  observed  in  al| 
as  they  passed  along,  a  great  number  of  hu* 
^bones.    Inquiry  being  made  into  the  cause  of 
extraordinary  Mgip||^hey  were  informed,  that 
It  four  or  five  morffl^Rfore  Captain  Cook's  ar* 
^al,  the  inhabitants  ol^^^rrabou,  the  peninst^  to 
louth-east,  made  a  descent  here,  and  slew  lil^y 
fthe  people,  Jj^ose  bones  were  those  that  were  * 
;n  upon  th^fe>ast :  that  hereupon  Oberea,  an# 
imo,  who  then  held  the  government  for  his  son,  had 
and  taken  r^i;^e  in  the  mountains ;  and  that 
victors  destroyed  all  the  houses,  and  pillaged 
cou^y.    Mr.  Bank^^as  also  informed,  that 
tvn^B  and  goose  whifPhe  had  seen  in  the  dis- 
M  ofMathiabo,  were  among  the  booty.    This  af- 
ded  a  reasog^  for  their  bipi  found  where   the 
Iphin  hadJI^e  or  no  correspondence  ;  and  the 


ison  t( 


hv-bones,  blHjfmentioned,  which  had  been  seen 
^nging  in  the  house,  he  was  informed,  that  they 
id  likewise  been  carried  off  as  trophies,  the  jaw- 
-^les  of  their  enlmies  being  considered  by  the  na» 
?s  of  this  islind,  as  marks  of  tritimph,'as  great 
jcalps  areby  the  Indians  of  North  Ameiica. 


L^■■*" 


CAPTAIN  COOK^  ^^ 

the  30th  they  arrived  at^JBahourou, 
Id  aquaintance  Tootahah  resided  ;  he 
civility,  and  pr^vii^jdfor 
them  a  g;ood  supper,  and  a  conveniehtU(flng;| 
and  notwithstanding  they  were  80  shamefullj^Jiun- 
dered  the  lart  time  they  slept  with  this  Chief,  theyi 
spent  the  night  in  the  utmost  security,  none  of  iheirl 
Clothes,  or  any  other  article,  being  misshig  in  thel 
Wiofmng. 

On  Saturday,  July  1st,  they  returned  to  the  fuitl 
at  Port  Royal  Harbour ;  having  discovered  the  island^s 
~  oth  peninsulas  included,  to  be  about  one  hundredf 
lies  in  circumference- 
heir  Indian  friends,  crowded  about  them  uponj 
their  return,  and  none  of  them  came  without  provi- 
sions. V  .■  ';  ^ 

Monday  the  Sd,  Mr.  Banks  ^mi^''  an  excursionj 
mrith  some  Indian  guides,  totracis  the  river  up^thf! 
valley  to  its  source,  and  observeitto  what  extent '  |i  j 
banks  were  inhabited.    After  r/^eting  with  houses! 
foij.^thc  space  of  six  miles,  they  cair    up  to  one] 
"which  was  said  to  be  the  last  that  C(         be  seer 
The  master  of  it  presen|K^l;^em  with  cocoa-nut 
and  other  fruits  ;  and  afEIFa  short  visit,  they  con. 
tini^'d  their  walk-    In  thfe  tour  they  often  passed* 
under  vaults,  formed  by^rbcky  fragments,  in  which,  S 
'*fey  were  informed,  that  those  whg|U|ere  benighted^ 

ten  took  refiige.    During  this  t(^mc  ha4  a  fine  | 
opportunity  of  searching  for  minerals  ai|}ong  the  ' 
rocks,  which  were  almost,  on  all  sides,  naked  ;  hetf 
foun^,  however,  not  the  smallest  appearance  of  any| 
kind  of  mineral.    The  dikes,  every  whei;g  resem- 
bling those  ot  Madeira,^SR'e  manitcst  signs  of  hav- 
ing been  burnt    Tlifre  are  afso  evident  traces  ofj 
fire  in  the  clay  upon  the  hills,  both  of  tjws  and  thcl 
neighbouring:  islands-  jBt 

Mr.  Banks  was  engaged  the  4infflrplanting  on 
each  side  of  the  fort  a  great  quantitj^  of  the  seeds  of 
"water-melons,  oranges,  lemons,  '^ijdes,  and  other 
plants  :ind  trees  which  he  had  brought  from  Rio|' 
Janeiro-    He  ^ave  of  these  seeds  to  the  Indianfi 


HRST  VOYAGE, 


M 


fii. 


reat  plen^,  and  planted  many  of  them  ft  itielroodi : 
uneofthc  melon  seeds,  "which  had 'be|«  plaiil- 
soon  after  his  arrival,  had  already  ^iroducecl 
ianttt  which  appeared  to  be  in  a  very  ficurishing 
iti^;; 

Preparations  were  now  made  for  departing.  On 
riday  the  7th,  the  i^rpenters  were  ordered  to  take 
»wn  the  gates  and  fflBltsadoe#  of  the  fort,  to  be  con- 
•ted  into  fire-woolfon  board  the  Endeavour,  and 
of  the  Indians  stole  the  staple  and  hook  belong- 
to  the  gate  ;  he  was  instantly  pursued,  but  could 
^^ be  found;  and  soon  after  thi9,:^heir «old  friend 
ibora  Tumaida  brought  back  the  staple.  .^ 

^.I'hey  continued  on  the  8th  and  Sjji  to  pull  doWn 
fort,  and  their  friends  still  vjajil^fchem. 
)aptain  Cook  hoped  now  too^Mtei«'  island  with* 
any  fanher^misunderstand|BH|tli  the  natives  ; 
li  in  this  lie  was  mistaken*    ^^o  foreign  sailors 
Ing  been  outn^one  of  them  was  robbed  of  his 
[fe,  and  strividflpirecover  H,  the  Indians  attacked 
i|1)unded  hiiWfn  a  dar^erous  manner  with^a 
leThis  companion  also  received  a  ^jfj^lit  w|phd 
lie  head.    As  Captain  Cook  would  have  been  un- 
ling  to  have  taken  farther  notice  of  the  transac*^ 
I,  he, was  not  sorry  the  offenders  had  made  tljeir 
Jape.    Another  affair  equally  disagreeable  wifefi 
kr  happened'    Between  the  8th  and  9th  in  Wi 
renin^gro  jisiung  mariaes  retired  secretly  fro 
foij^^l  in  the  morning  were  not  to  be  met  wi^ 
}tice|Pring  been  given  for  all  the  company  ._ 
I  on  board  the  next  day,  and  ihat'  the  ship  would 
|l  that  day  or  the  day  ensuing.  Captain  Cook  be- 
to  fear  that  the  mari^  intended  to  remain  on 
)re.    He  was  apprised,  that  no  effectual  st^ps 
lid  be  taken  to  recover  them  without  risking  the 
irmony  and  good  fellowshi{)  which  at  present  sub- 
jted  between  the  English  m^  the  natives;  and 
ierefore  resolved  to  wait  a  day  in  hopes  of  their 
jtuming,  gH  » 

The  10th  in  the  morning,  the  nmrines  hot  being 
turned,  an  inquiry  was  made  afterthcm^  nnhtn  the 


I  J : 


ft 


if 


«!{*• 


52 


CAPTAIN  COOIi'S 


lndi:»as  declared  they^did  not  propose  retamiitf^ 
)|%»(ing  taken  refuge  in  the  mountains,  where  it  was' 
^^pos»ible  to  discover  them,  and  that  each  had  tSLk.^n 
IPwife.  In  consequence  of  whiph  it  was  intim^ed  i 
several  Chiefs  v/ho  were  in  th<^  fort  with  thcJr  wc 
men,  among  whom  were  Tu^a  Tumaida,  Tcmiio 
and  Oberea,  that  they  wouldffi*  be  suffered  to  quit 
it  till  the  deserters  were  proceed.  Captain  Cook 
thought  this  precaution  necessary,  as,  by  concealing 
theri  a  short  time,  he  might  be  compelled  to  gn 
-.vithout  them.  They  received  the  intinmtion  VjM 
very  little*signs  either  of  fear  or  discontent,  asfl|P 
ing  the  captain  that  the  marines  should  be  sent 
back.  In  th^iterim  he  sent  Mr.  Hicks  in  the 
pinnace  to bi^^:l^tahah  onboard  the  ship,  which 
fie  executed  wi||Efegiving  any  alarm.    Night  com- 


in,o:  on,  Captain^j^l  judged  it^^as  not  prudent  to 

let  the  pe<!)ple,  whom  he  had  dimmed  as  Upstages 

lain  M,  the  fort,  and  he  thc«^|re  ordered  Tubo- 

'upn^^a,  Oberea,  andsome^prs,  tobelmmghtj 

^^J^^^^'^^^'^  m^^^  ^"  unusuaralarm,va^^eve* 
r^Wthei^especially  the  females,  testified  tffeir  ap- 
prehensions with  great  agitation  of  mind,  and  floodsj 
of  tears,  when  they  were  coming  on  board.  Cap* 
t-ain  Cook  went  onboard  with  them,  Mr.  Banks  re- 
iTicining  on    shore   with  some   ethers,  whom    he 

^lought  it  of  less  impo^'*ance  to  detain. 
^BLOne  of  the  marinesw  as  brought  back  iidfte  even- 
||^^  by  some  of  the  Indians,  who  ^^P<>i^^will|^  the 
other,  and  the  two  people  who  were  senT^^etch 
them  back,  would  be  detained  whilst  Tootahah  wa>i 
confined.  Mr.  Hicks  was  immediately  dispatched 
in  the  long-boat,  with  several  men«  to  rescue  the 

^  English  prisoners  ;  at  the  same  time  Captain  Cook  I 
tola  Toutahah,that  it  was  incumbent  on  him  to  as- 

*  sist  them  with  some  of  his  pe^le,  and  to  give  orders 
in  his  name,  that  the  men  should  be  set  vx  libcrtfj 
for  that  he  should  expect  him  to  answer  for  the 
event.    Tootahapimmediately  complied,  andws 
party  rccovereathe  men  "without  any  oppositioiii 


« 


V;^^4,vV^,.i:, 


4^  « 

'   FIRST  VOYAGE. 


•-%: 


53 


About  seven  in  the  morning  on  the  11th  they  re 
ed,  but  without  the  arms,  which  had  been  [^ 
>m  therti  when  they  were  ma(Je  prisoners 
trjodl  were  however  brought  on  board  soon 
lie  Chiefs  weipallowed  to  return  on  shore, 
the  time  ^  chiefs  were  set  on  shore  from  the 
Iship,  those  at  tlie  fort  w^e  also  released,  and  after 
remaining  with  Mi.  Banks  about  an  hour  and  a  half, 
||hey  all  returned  to  their  respective  places  of  resi- 
snce^  When  the  deserter*  were  examined,  it  was 
iscovered,  that  the  account  which  the  Indians  had 
ven  was  no  way  false  :  they  had  become  fond  of 
Two  girls,  and  it  was  their  design  to  keep  themselves 
^e  ^cealed  till  the  ship  had  s^saili  and  continue 
ipon  the  island.  ^^^ 

Tupia,  whose  name  has  be^Wften  mentioned  in 

his  voyage,  had  been  prime  miniaj|r  of  Oberea^ 

rhen  she  was  at  the  pinnacle  of  her  authority  ;  he 

ras  also  the  principal  firiest  of  the  island,    and^ 

terefore  intimately  acquainted  with  the  reh'gion  of 

country.    He  was  likewise  deeply  versed  in^a- 

jation,  and  was  thorouglily  acquainted  with  the 

tmber,  situation,  inhabitant^/,  and  produce  of  the 

j^^l^'^^    "    ^^^  ^'^^  often  tes^etf  a  desire  to 
witn^idHI;  and  on  Wednesdayj^l^  12th,  in  the 

lonjin?:,  he  came  on  board,  with  %^^  about  twelve 
ars  of  age,  his  servant,  named  Tayoti,  and  rei| 
|ue*^  the  gentlemen  on  board  to  let  bim,jio  witl:^^ 

len^^l^  it^  was  thought  he  would  be  tiseful  to 

lent  wmany  particulars,  they  unanimously  agreed 
comply  wilh  his  request.    Tupia  then  went  on 

lore,  for  the  last  time,  to  see  his  friends,  and  took 

reral  baubles  to  give  them,  a;>  partmg  tokens  of 

nen>brance.  fU 

Thursday  the  13th  of  July,  the  ship  was  visited 

a  multitude  of  thegimtle men's  friends,  and  sur- 

mnded  by  numberle^  canoes,  whxh  contained  the 

itoior  natives.  They  weighed  anchor  about  twelve,, 
7the  Indians  took  leave  of  the  geiUlemenon  board,, 

raping  in  a  friendly  and  affecting  manner.    Tupia 
VOL.  L  B  J^ 


# 


mm 


■'^^ 


CAPTAIN 


S 


du^orted  himself  i^  this  scene  with  a  becomtni^ 
f^il||ude  ;  tears  flow^a  from  his  eyes,  it  is  Inie,  but 
^fiflpbrt  that  he  made  to  conceal  thero,,di(f!umlid- 
^Mhal  honour.  He  went  with  Mr.  Bank%''  t^he 
ina|t-head,  where  he  contmu|A  waving  Ms  ^ 
to  nie  canoes  as  long  as  they  re|paii^  visiWc/    _ 

A^ccording  to  Tupia's  account,  tile  islani^  could 
furnish  above  six  thousand*fi^hting  men>  whereby  a 
computation  of  the  number  ot  inhabitants  may  easi- 
ly be  made; 

The  pro|ducc  of  Otaheite  is  bread-fruit,  cocoa- 
nuts,  bananas,  plantains ;  a  fruit  not  unlike  an  ap- 
ple, potatoes,  yams,  cocoas,  sugar-cane,  ai|d  a  va- 
riety of  other  fruits  and  vegetables* 

They  have  no  ^^pean  fruits,  garden  stuff,  or 
pulse,  nor  grain  o^py  species.  Their  tame  ani- 
mals are  ho^^dogs,  and  poultry ;  there  i^  not  a 
wild  animal  w^hc  island,  except  ducks,  pi2:eons, 
parroquets,  and  a  few  other  birds  ;  rats  being  the 
only  quadruped  ;  and  there  are  no  serpents.  The 
sea,  however,  supplies  them  with  great  variety  of 
excellent  fish. 

With  regard  to  the  people,  they;  are  in  genera!  i 
rather  of  a  larger  make  than  Europeans*  Thd| 
males  are  tall^  ipobHst,  and  finely  shaoed.  llftie  fe- 
males of  the^^^erior  class  are  likewise  generally 
above  our  common  size  ;  but  those  of  the  lo\^er  rank 
are  rather  below  it,  and  some  of  them  are  remarka- 
bly littjP?  ^^  ^ 

Their  natural  complexion  is  a  fine  clear  flpb,  or 
what  we  call  brunette ;  their   skin,  is   dencately  { 
smooth  and  agreeably  soft.    The  shajpe  of  their  fa- 
ces is  in  general  handsome,  and  their  eyes  are  full 
gof  sensibility  and  expression ;  their  teetli  arc  like- 
^wise  remarkably  wliite   and   regulai%   and    their 
breath  entirely  free  from  anu^disagreeable  smell ; 
their  hair  is,  for  the  most  pip,  black.    Both  sexes 
always  eradicate  the  hair  from  their  arm-pits,  and 
-they  often  reproached  the  English  gentlemen  i^ 
a  want  of  cleanliness  for  not  making  use  of  the  saine 
mrrhod    Tl>cir  motions  are  ea-*^v  aTicl  #racefi;lj  bte 


# 


f 


not 
01 


VOYAGE. 


«^f        FIlA^VOYAGE.  in 

ot  vjr^ibus;   theit^eportjignt  is  generous  and 
inen,  ^d  their  behaviour  afflpRe  and  courteous.4fc: 

j&t^y^eSces  frequently  wear  a  piece  of  clotji  of 
th^n^lkcture  df  the  island  tied  round  their  hiSads 
inMe  rorm  of  a  tClrban  ;  and  the  women  tak^jio 
lul^  iKikis  in  ]^aitii^  human  hair  into  long  strips, 
Vhiclf  being  folded  into  branches,  are  tia||i|a  their 
foreheads  by  way  of  ornament.  1W»^ 

;  They  stain  their  bodies,  by  indenting  oir^  pricking 
the  flesh  with  a  small  insti-ument  Tuade  of  bone,  cut 
Into  short  teeth  ;  which  indentures  they  SU  wlili  a 
Idark  blue  or  blackish  mixture,  prepared  from  the 
«moke  of  an  oily  nut,  burnt  by  them  instead  of  can- 
dles, and  water ;  this  operation,  which  is  called  by 
the  natives  Tattaowing,  is  exceedingly  painful,  and 
Jeavv^an  indellible  mark  on  the  skin.  It  is  usu^y 
perf|»rped  when  they  are  about  tenor  twelve  years 
of  Bgtt  and  on  different  parts  of  the  body  ;  but 
those  which  suffer  most  severely  are  the  breech 
and  the  loins,  which  are  marked  .with  arches  car- 
ried one  above  another  a  considerable  way  up  their 
tiacks. 

At  the  operation  oL^b^tocwi^i^.  performed  upon 
the  posteriors  of  a  g^  about  tw^e  years  of  age, 
Mr-  Ba  4ks  was  present ;  it  w  is  executed  with  an 
instrument  that  had  twe-  teeth,  and  at  each 
stroke,  which  war  repea|  •'V  1*  'invent,  serum 

mixed  with  blood  issued."   .  0  .        with  great 

resolution  for  several  minutes ;  buv  «tt  lies  gth  the  pain 
became  so  violent,  that  she  murmured  an^.  com- 
plained, andij^en  burst  into  the  most  violent  Ian  ^n- 
ations  ;  burlier  operator  was^.  inexorah  3,  whilst 
some  females  present  chid  and  even  beat  aer-  Mr. 
Banks  was  a  spectator  for  near  an  hour»  during 
which  time  it  was  performed  only  on  one  sir'  ,  the 
other  havmg  undergone  the  ceremony  s  time 

before  ;  and  the  ardiesfpon  the  loins,  which  are  the 
most  painful,  but  upon  which  they  the  most  pique 
themselves,  were  yet  to  be  made.  ^ 

They  cLphe  themselves  in  cloth  and  matting  of 
various  km&  ;  the  first  they  wear  in  fair,  thel^et 


m 


♦• 


! 


CAPTAIN 


ilJpK^ 


0 

m  wet  weather.  Hjly  are  Jnjiifferent  hfvci^  lic* 
shitpe  bein^  presertiip  in  tfeem  1  nor  ace  tl||  pief^es 
sewed  together-  The  women  of  a  iup^'igr  uasa 
wear  thrt^c  or  four  piects  ;  one,  which  is  cOionsid- 
erjble  length,  they  wrap  several  ti^nes  rowid  their 
wiftts,  and  it  falls  down  to  the  middle  of  thfe  leg. 
Two  <^^ree  other  short  piecF.s,  with  a  hol#cutiii 
the  irf^ffi  of  each,  are  placed  on  one  another,  and 
their  ^^s coming thro'igh  theholr^, the  long  ends 
hang  before  and  behind,  both  sides  being  open»  by 
which  meaiis  they  have  the  free  use  of  their  arms. 

The  men's  dress  is  very  similar,  differing  only  in 
one  instance,  which  is,  that  part  of  the  garment,  in- 
stead of  falling  below  the  knees,  is  brough*  between 
the  legs.  This  dress  is  worn  by  all  rank#^  people^ 
t^  only  distinction  being  quantity  in  the  superior 
class*  At  noon  both  sexes  appear  almost  i4j|ked« 
\vearing  only  the  piece  of  cloth  that  is  tied  vomd  the 
ivaist. 

The  boys  and  girls  go  quite  naked  ;  the  first  tiU 
they  are  seven  or  eight  years  old,  the  latter  till  thg?* 
are  about  five.  Their  houses  they  seldom  \ise  but  tci 
sleep  in,  or  to  avoklthc  rain,  ^s  they  eat  in  the  open 
air,  under  the  sl!^^of  a  tree.  Their  clothes  serve 
them  at  nigiit  foi^overing,  and  there  are  no  4ivi^ 
sions  or  apartments.  The  masfer  and  his  wife  re- 
pose in  the  middle,  th^n  tli|  married  people ;  next  to 
these  the  unmarried  ^biales,  and  at  a  small  distance 
the  men  whaare  unmalTied  ;  and  the  servants  sleep 
in  tlie  open  af^  in  fair  weather*  The  house::*  of  the 
Chiefs,  however,  differ  in  some  deg^';  there  are. 
some  veiy  small,  at)  so  built  as  to  b^arrjed  in  ca- 
noes :  all  sides  oi  the  *  are  inclosed  with  the  leaves 
of  the  cocoa-nut ;  the  air,  nevertheless,  penetrates  : 
in  these  the  Chief  and  his  wife  alone  sleep.  There 
are  also  houses  which  are  g^n^  ral  receptacles  for  the 
inhabitants  of  a  district-     Thi  se  ai*e  nnich  larger. 

When  a  Chief  kills  a  hog,  which  is  but  seldom,  he 
^^des  it  equally  among  his  ^  ssals ;  dogs  and  fowh 
are  more  coaimon. 


:^ 


V#4vwk..i*. 


•# 


WhIipPle  bread-fruit  is  noBffi*seabon,  they  are 
lop^ied  by  cocoa-nuts,  bananalj^lHTitains,  &c. 

Ibeir  cookery  is  confined  to  baking,  and  their 
Irink  is  generally  water,  or  the  milk  of  the  cocoa- 


mt^lhough  there  were  instances  «|which  son^e  of 
heffidrank  soj'reely of the1^ng«|ti^^       a|to be- 
)nie  quite  intoxicated  ;  this,^roTOvt  ,  s^fi|ned  to 
jroce'ea  more  from  ignorance  timn  desigUr  as'they 
rere  never  known  to  repeat  a  debauch  of  this  kind 
second  time-    They  were  told,  indeed,  that  the 
liefs  sometimes  became  inebriated  by  drinking 
e  juice  of  a  plant  called  Ava,  but  of  this  they^^^ 
fristance  during  the  time  they  remained  on  thW 

Thie  Carols  generally  eat  alone,  unless  when  vi-  ! 
lited  bj  astranger,  who  is  sometimes  permitted  || 
icotlfe  a  second^lli  their  mess  ;  having  nothing  lo 


supply  the  want  oFa  table,  they  sit  on  vhe  ground  in 
the  shade;  leaves  of  trees  being  sprearfbefore  them. 


serve  as  a  table-cloth  ;  their  attendants,  who  are 


'^A' 


umerous,  having  placed  a  basket  befbre  the  Chiefs| 
ontaining  their  provisions,  and  a  cocoa-nut  shell  w 
Fresh  and  salt  water,  seat  themselv^  round  them  ; 
febey  tlien  begin  by  washing  their  jMuth  and  hands, 
ifter  which  they  eat  a  mouthful  of  bread-fniit  and 
ish,  dipt  in  salt  water  alternately,  till  the  whole  is 
consumed,  taking  a  supp|^  salt  water  likewise  be- 
tween almost  every  morsel.  Xhe  bread-fruit  and 
"  ih  being  all  eaten,  they  next  have  either  plantains 
apples,  which  they  never  eat  without  being  par- 
During  this  time  a  soft  paste  is  prepared  trom 
it  bread-truit,  which  they  sup  out  of  a  cocoa-nut 
lell ;  this  finishes  the  meal,  and  the  hands  and 
louth  are  again  washed,  as  at  the  beginning. 
It  is  astonishing  how  much  food  they  eat  at  a 
leal.  Mr.  Banks  and  so^e  other  gentlemen  were 
present  when  one  man  devoured  three  fish  the  size 
>f  a  middling  carp,  four  bread-fruits  as  large  as;  % , 
common  melon,  thirteen  or  fourteen  plantains  seven  * 
)r  eight  inches  long,  and  above  half  as  big  round, 
land  about  a  quart  of  the  paste  made  of  breadfr 


E2 


tr^^ 


*8 


V 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


It  is  not  a  little  ^HKising,  that  the  inhabitants  of 
this  island,  who  suMcd  exceedingly  sensible  of  the 
pleasures  of  society,  should  Mve  an  universal  aver- 
sion tp  the  least  mtercowse  with  each  other  at  their 
meals  ;  and  so  ^^d  are  they  in  the  observance  d 
this  unusual  ^^tt^tftj^^^  even  brothers  and  sisters 

^  have  their  sepaTO^fflkskets  to  contain  their  provi- 

'  sions,  and  gcneraltysit  some  yards  distance  when 
they  eat,  with  their  backs  tp^ned  towards  each  other, 
not  exchanging  a  single  word  during  the  whole 
time  of  their  repast ;  the  middle  aged  of  superior' 
ranlrusually  betake  themselves  to  sleep  after  ci||: 
iJfer  ;  but  what  is  remarkable,  the  older  pcoplelK^b 
not  so  lazy  ;  music,  dancir.g,  wrestling,  ||j||phvX)Ung 

%vith  the  bow,  or  throwing  a  lance,  cons||plE*  a  chief 
^j>§grt  of  their  diversions. 
^  flutes,  which  have  been  men^nedf  befor^and 

^  drums,  are  th|^ly  musical  instalments  among  them; 
their  drums  W^  formed  of  a  circular  piece  ot  wood, 
JioUow  at  one  ^nd  only,  which  is  covered  with  the 
^n  of  a  shark,  and  they  are  beaten  with  the  hand 
instead  of  a  stick.  Their  songs  are  extempore,  and 
frequently  in  rhyme,  but  consist  of  only  two  lines. 

Amopg  their  other  amusements  ,they  have  a  dance 
named  Timor  odee^  which  is  performed  by  tenor  a 
dozen  young  females,  who  put  themselves  into  the 
most  wa^lon  attitudes  tha^^i^an  possibly  be  imagined, 
keeping  ,pj3||i5i  during  the  performJIlnce  with  the 
greatest  rii^ty  and  exactness;  front  these  dances 
the  women  are  immediately  excluded  on  their  be-'^J 
coming  pregnant. 

Many  of  the  principal  people  of  this  islcrid  of  each-, 
sex,  have  united  into  an  association,  in  which  no^' 
woman  confines  her  favours  to  any  particular  man  ; 
in  this   manner  they  obtain   a  perpetual  variety, 
no  one  object  ever  gratifying  them  but  a  few  days. 

The  societies  are  named  Arreou^  the  members  of 
^vhichhave  meetings,  where  the  Bien  amuse  them- 
selves by  wrestling  ;  and  notwitj^anding  the  fre- 
quent intercourse  which  the  wftmen  hav^with  a 
variety  of  men,  they  dance  the  TiTworoc/e^  iRuch  a 


'  t  I- A 


.  FIRST  VOYAGE  "     59 

„.ianner,  as  they  ima^ne  "willi|iiost  excite  the  de- 
Uires  of  the  male  sekjy|i  which  are  often  gratified 
upon  the  spot-   Theff^are  much  worse  ptac^ces* 
[n  case  any  of  tlie  women  prove  with  child,  wich 
this  manner  of  life  seldom  happens,  they  destroy 
the  helpless  infant  as  soon  as  it  is  brought  into  the 
rorld,  that  it  may  not  be  a  burthen  to  the  father,  ; 
lor  interrupt  the  mother  in  pursuit  of  her  lascivious 
Unusements.     Natural  affection,  however,  for  the 
lild,  sometimes  happily  produces  a  reformation  in 
le  mother  ;  but  when  this  happens,  the  child's  life 
always  forfeited,  unless  the  mother  can  procure  a 
lan  to  adopt  it  as  his  child,  in  which  case  this  inhu- 
lan  mur^ci^  is  prevented  ;    but  both  the  man  and^ 
roman  ar||^J|jKiVer  expelled  this  society.'  The  wo-.   ' 
I  an    being^yi^icularized   by   the   appellation  ot^A 
^hariinownm^^  bearer  of  children,"  which  among  |p 
these  people  is  considered  as  a  term  of  the  greatest  v^ 
[reproach.  ^\  ^  '-% 

Their  personal  cleanliness  is  -xn  ?)Vjject  that  mejflts 
»eculiar  atten^on-    Botfllsexes  nover  omit  to  wash 
ith  water  three  times  a  day  ;  when  they  rise,  at 
[noon,  and  before  they  go  to  rest     They  also  keep 
their  clothej|(6xtremeIy  clean  :  so  that  in  the  largest 
"communities  no  disagreeable  effluvia  ever  arises, 
\QV  is  there  any  other  inconvenience  *hajyieat» 
The  chief  noanufacture  of  Otaheite jMl|[)th  ;  of 
»^oth  the«BLre  three  different  sorflgWich  are 
ia<TC' of  the  riffil  of  as^^ny  different  nl^l,  viz.  the 
lulberry,  the  bread-fruit,  and  a  tree  not  very  un- 
ike  the  miM^  fi^-tree,  ^^0|^|^ouT)d  in  some  part 
Indies.    The  rrfP^»y-trees,  whicn  the 
idians  call  Aouta,  produces  tro  finest  cloth,  which 
seldom  worn  but  by  those  of  the  first  rank.   The 
lext  sort,  which  is  worn  by  the  lower  class  of  peo- 
ple, is  made  of  the  bread-fruit  tree,  and  the  coarsest 
jof  the  tree  resenWng  the  fig-tree.    This  last  sort, 
[though  more  useflp||an  the  two  ^iher,  on  account 
of  its  keeping  oaf^ter,  which  u#^er  of  the  others 
-wiD*  i^l^dingly  scarce,  being%ianufactured  but 
in  smawantities. 


#y^ 


60 


CAPTAIN  COOK' 


■m 


vfe**  'til,,.;,-'! 


«v.- 


^gP^he  cloth  becomes  exceedingly  white  by  bleach- 
flpg,  and  is  dy  ed  of  a  red,  y^ow,  brown,  or  black 
colour  ;  the  first  of  ivhich^Wexceedingly  beautiful, 
an^kual,  if  not  superior,  to  any  in  Europe- 

IUfStting  of  various  kinds  is  another  considerable! 
manufaeture,  in  which  they  excel,  in  many  respects,] 
ihe  Eiil|:^0peans.  They  make  use  of  the  coarser  sorti 
to  sleep  on,  and  in  wet  weattier  they  wear  the  fin^J 
They  greatly  excel  in  the  basket  and  wicker| 
wprk  ;  both  men  and  women  employ  themselves  a< 
It,  and  can  make  it  of  a  great  number  of  dilferent  pat^ 
terns. 

Their  fishing  lines  are  esteemed  the  best  in  the] 
world,  made  of  the  bark  of  the  ICrotva^  a  kind  of 
%  nettle  which  grows  on  the  mountams  ;  they  are 
^tVong  enough  to  hold  the  heaviest  afi(^n|6st  vigorous 
fish,  such  as  bonetas  and  albicores^ff short,  theyj 
are  extremely  ingenicms  in  cver3^J|^pedient  tor  tak- 
ing all  kinds  of  fish, 

^he  tools  whj|Ch  these  people  make  use  of  for 
buMding  houses,  construcpig  canoes,  hewing  stonejl 
^ftnd  for  felling,  cleaving,  sarving,  ai^crpolishing  tim- 
ber, consist  of  nothing  more  thap  an  adze  of  stone, 
and  a  chisel  of  bone,  p^ost  contoonly  ^j^  of  a?  man's | 
arm  ;  and  for  afile  ofipr^'shei',  they  Imkke  use  of  a! 
rasp  of  coral,  |,j^d' coral  sand. 

The  Mg^?(Df  ih'eir  adzes  are  extremely  tougft, 
but  not  i^MJbrd ;  thtry  make  them^i*ji'arious  sgeSj ' 
those  for  JBpng  weigh  si%or  sevfe||  pouiKls^f^d' 
others  wl^h  are  used  lor  cat*ving,  onlb^  few  ounces^] 
they  are  obliged  ev^iy  minute  to  shUtnen  thei 


ys»  kept  near 


on  a  stone,  which  if 
purpose. 

Some  of  their  small;boats  are  made  of  the  bread- 
fruit tree,  which  is  ivi'ought  with  much  difficulty, 
being  of  a  light  spongy  nature.  Instead  of  planes, 
they  use  their  adzes  with  greaudfipctejritv.  Their 
canoes  are  all^^s^ped  with  th^md,  the  Indians 
not  being  acqu^l^iieUl  with  the  ImKod  of  warping  a 
plank.       *■•    ''^%  .  -^ 

They  arc  very  furious  in  the  constractiiilf  their 


HRST  VOYAGE.  61 

its,  the  chief  parts  o^pieces  whereof  are  forme 
larately  without  either  i^w,  phme,  chiseK,  cr  aii^ 
^er  iron  tool,  whic^  Tenders  their  fabrication 
»rc  surprising  and  ♦v'srthy  observation,  lliey 
ip  these  boats  with  great  care  in  a  kind  of  shed, 
[It  on  purpo!>e  to  contain  them.  «feg^ 

Lcir  language  is  soft  and  musical,  ^^hoilMMlrith 
^Is,  and  IS  easv  to  be  pronounced.    ButlWSther 
copious,  Mr.  banks  and  Dr.  Solandtr  were  not 
iciently  acquainted  with  it  to  know.     As  very 
either  of  their  nouns  or  verbs  are  dechnable,  it 
jt  consequently  be  very  imperfect.    They  found 
mM,  however,  to  be  mutually  understood  without 
ich  difficulty. 

^e  followin^sjif^cimcn  will  possibly  e^lej^e  read- 
er to  fOT)$^jsqme  idea  of  their  lan^^iif^ 


m 


'y" 


Oowhau,  the  thighs, 
Kipoo  a  memhee,  a  cha7n»* 

ber-fiot, 
Mutee,  to  kis9^ 
Eawow,  to  acold. 

Ee 

Mattel'^ih 
Maynenee, 
Itopia,  to/c 


m  .<.'•*  - 


Mne,  a  brother, 
>heine,  a  sister, 
me,  a  husband 
^ee,  a  cMtf, 
idee,  a  child 
leine,  a  vfomam 
>wroo,  the  head: 
itau,  the  eyes* 
^hoo,  the  nose, 
syoooo,  the  naiU* 
luheine,  a  vfife 


lerc  the  mali^ement  of  tht^lc  falls  to  the  lot  of 
^priests,  and  their  method  of  (f%e  consists  chiefly 
•ayers  and  ceremonies,  whicfi  are  repeated  tiU 
patients  recove^r  die.  ^ 
rom  their  connexion  liitMMlEuroDeans.  they 
re  entailed  upon  tEem^ve^^  dreadful  cutse, 
venereal  dise»j^  which  upon  iiiqiiiry,  evidehtly 
ipeared  to  hav^k  bredrght  amf^mg  them  by  the-l 
^ssels  under  the  l^fnand  of  Ma^B^aiiwille- 
^^s  called  by  a  mttne  somewhat^fftillmn  mean- 
Xx^r&tmnneasi  but  of  a  much  stronger  import ; 


0 


% 


^(P 


fl2  CAPTAIN  COOK'S      ^      ^ 

^gftnd  they  gave  a  most  shoeing  account  of  the  snfFerJ 
flppngs  of  those  who  were  first  infected  with  it ;  tellinr 
^  them,  that  their  nails  and  hair  fell  off,  and  the  flesi 
even  rotted  from  their  bones  :  and  so  greatly  wcrti 
they  terrified  at  the  dreadful  effects  of  this  alarraini 
dise|ge,  that  the  infected  person  was  forsaken  evj 
by  fM^wn  relations,  and  left  to  perish  by  himsej'  ' 
sucli%  stateof  misery  and  pain  as  he  had  nevi*" 
fore  experienced. 

The  religion  of  these  people  appeared  to  be  ex^ 
ccedingly  mysterious. 

They  emphatically  style  the  Supreme  Being,  tl 
causer  qf' earthquakes  ;  but  their  prayers  are  mor 
generally  addresssd  to  Tane^  supposed  to  be  a  son 
the  fi|$^  pM|nitors  of  nature-^ 

They  b«lieve  in  the  existence  of  thMoul  in  a  sepaj 
rate  state,  and  that  there  are  two  situations,  diner] 
ing  in  their  degrees  of  happin^p:  "which  they  congi] 
der  as  receptacles  for  difiel^t  ranks,  but  not 
places  of  reward  and  punishntbnt ;  they  suppc 

#that  their  Chiefs  and  principal  people  will  have  tli 
preference  to  those  of  inferior  rank,  as  they  imagir 
their  actions  no  way  influence  their  future  state,  an 
that  their  deities  ta|||  no  cdjgnizyance  of  them  whatj 

soever.  ■'!^t'  ^  I 

The  ofiice.|)f priest  is  hereditary  ;  there  are  sevej 
ral  ofthejiiiiy  aiid  of  all  ranks ;  the  Chief  is  respectedl 
next  to  tliMr  Kings,  and  they  are  superior  to  thel 
rest  of  theliatives,  not  only  in  point  of  divine  knov?-j 
ledgei' but  also  in  th|]t  of  navigation|^nd  astronomyl 
Ihe  priests  her|  are  no  way  concerned  with  thcj 
ceremony  of  marriage,  it  being  a  simple  agreementl 
between  the  man  and  woman ;  and  when  they  choose 
to  separate,  it  is  d|jH^with  as  lUtle  ceremony  as  that 
of  their  marriage.^*  w\  S4 

Slings,  with  wmcif  the/^re  very  dexterous,  pikes 
headed  with  stone,  and  long  club33Jiade  of  wood,  re- 
'  markabjy  hard  and  heavy,  con^lllte  their  weapons. 
With  thfe  they  fight  with  great  obstinacy  and  cru- 
elty, giwig  no  quarter  either  to  man,  woman,  or! 
(thUcl,  if  tliey  fall  i^^^tlieir  hands  in  time  of  battle- 


M 


.m. 


h 


FIRST  VOYAGE. 


63 


There  is  nothing  amoi%  them  substituted  for  tno-^^ 
y,  or  a  general  medium,  by  which  every  objectMb 
ay  be  purchased  or  procured ;  neither  can  any'^^ 
rmanent  goo<!f  be  unlawfully  obtained'  Bv  force 
fraud :  and  the  generll  commerce  ^^^^  wo- 
»n  sets  aside  almost  e\My  excH^jtoit  for  com- 
itting  adultery.    In  a  wSW,  in  r'te|fenment  so 
tie  polished,  though  distributive  julBHPcannot  be 
gularly  administered,  as  there  can^Srthe   same 
ne  be  but  few  crimes  for  the  exercise  of  it,  the 
ant  of  this  justice  is  not  so  severely  felt  as  in  civiliz- 
countries. 

Thursday,  July  the  13th,  after  leaving  the  island 
Otaheite.  they  sailed,  with  a  gentle  breeze  and    ; 
ear  weather;  and  were  informed  by  Tu^l^that^i^ 
Ufillands,  which  he  called  Huaheine,l£JliedMbta- 
/li  Bolaliola,  were  at  the  distance  of  aScRlt  one 
two  days  sail,  and  that  the  hcj^,  fowls,  and  other 
freshments,  which  had  lately  been  scarce,  were  to 
got  there  in  abundance.    They  accordihgly  steer- 
\  their  course  in  search  of  these  isUndst  and  on  Sa- 
irday  the   I5th,  discovered  the  island  of  Huahei-^ 
and  on  the  16th,  in  the  morning,  they  sounded^ 
;ar  the  north-west  part  of  thciisland,  but  found  no 
pttom  with  seventy  fathom*   ^jj^eral  canoes  im- 
lediatly  put  off,  but  they  appeare|PFearful  of  coming 
fear  the  ship,  till  tliey  saw  Tupia,  who  totally  re- 
moved their  apprehensions,  and  they  ventured  to 
^me  alone-side  ;  upon  a^ssurances  of  friendship,  the 
Ling  of  Hu^^in^nd  his  Queen  went  ot^,board. 
itonishment  #a»#stified  by  their  MajestilslLt  eve- • 
|y  thing  that  was  shewn  to  them  ;  yet  the)i^madei 
10  researches,  and  appeared  satisfied  with  what  was 
presented  to  their  obi^rvation,  making^ no  inquiry 
ifter  a#  other  object^though  if;  wa^|^^sonable  to 
iuppos^-  that  a  building^^su^h  Bova^and  extent 
's  the  ship,  must  have^^^^Rrded  many  xuriosities, 
'he  King    whose  *  name  ^p^  Oree^  madf  a  propo- 
d  to  exc>iange  names  with  Capt.  Cook, %!i4ch  was 
[readily  assented  to.     The  custom  of  exchanging 
kanie?  is  very  prevalent  inftHasislaiid,  jind  is  consi- 


A 


64 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


4 


h 


dered  as  a  mark  of  fmndship.   They  found  the  ^. 
pie  here  nearly  similar  to  those  of  Otaheite  in  alint 
every  circumstance,  except,  if  Tiipia  might  be  ci 
dited,th^y  were  not  addicted  to  thieving.    Havii 
cume  %an  anchor  in  a  $Q)all  but  fine  harbour,  on  tl 
ive»t  ftme  ofLlhe  jsland,|fi|ptain  Cook  went  ashoi, 
accompankSl^y^r.  Bafks  and  some  other  gentle 
men,  with^[S^ia  and  the  King.    The  instant  the^ 
lar.ded,  Tiv^aoincoveyed  himself  as  low  as  his  waist, 
and  desired  Mr-  Monkhouse  to  follow  bis  examplt. 
Being  seated,  'le  now  begun  a  speech,  which  lasted 
about  twenty  minutes ;  the  King,  who  stood  opposit 
to  him,  answering  in  what  seemed  to  be  set  replie 
I^urin^l^is  discourse,  he  delivered  at  different  time 
a  ha^^iirchiet,^  a  black  silk  neckcloth,  t.ome  bead 
and  jSpains,  as  presents  to  their  Eatua,  or;    , 
He  received  in  retiirp  for  the  Eatua,  of  the  EnglSt 
a  hog,  son>e  voung  plantains,  and  two  bunches  ( 
feathers,  which  were  earned  on  board.    These  ce 
remonies  wJiire  considered  as  a  kind  of  ratification  ( 
a  treaty  between  the  English  and  the  King  of  Huaj 
heinC'  f 

They  went  on  shore  again  on  the  18th  wi^  hoi) 
Tupia  ;but  his  boy,  whose  name  was  Tayota,  xcouij 
panied  them  ;  wi||j  some  difficulty  thev  negociate(| 
for  eleven  pigs,  «kd  were  not  without  hopes  of  oW 
taining  more  the  next  morning.    / 

Wednesday  the  llkh,  they  carried  some  hat,chetJ| 
with  them,  with  which  they  procured  three  veryf 
large  tai|g*    As  they  proposed  &  sail  in  the  after*|, 
noon,  ^P^ing,  accompained  by^ibme  others  of  thc| 
native^,  came  on  board  to  take  his  leave,  wh|^n  hij" 
Majesty  received  from  Captain  Cook  a  small  pewter 
plate,  with  thj^ollowing  insojiption  :  "  ^^  J^tan- 
nTc  Majest^^^hip  Endeavour,  Lieut enan^|bok,i 
Commande/fBl6/th  July,  1^^         He  also  wSs  pre- 
sented n^  some  meda^||br  counters,  resembling! 
the  coin M||pn Poland,  andm  few  other  tr^ies.  1 

This  4HEiid  is  distant  from  Otaheite  about  thirty' 
league3,and  is  about  twenty  miles  in  circumference* 
Mr.  ^^^s  found  h^|^a  spceiQs  of  $TX)rpion  whick 

V  ^  '^         - 


^**^j 


ix-l^' 


FIRST  VOYAGE. 


6S 


haJ  not  seen  before.  The  people  are  of  a  very 
izy  disposition*  though  they  are  stouter  and  larger 
lade  trian  those  of  Otaheitc. 
From  Huaheine  they  sailed  for  the  i»land  of  Uli« 
jtea,  and  in  the  afternoon  came  within  a  league  or 
ro  of  the  shore.  They  |jifchored  in  |i  bay,  which  is 
»rmed  by  a  reef,  on  the  nortli  side  of  4 the  island  ; 
^o  canoes  of  natives  soon  came  off  froth  tlie  shore, 
id  brought  with  them  two  small  hogs,  which  they 
xhangsd  for  some  nails  %nd  beads.  On  the  20th, 
Ir.  Banks,  the  Captain,  and  others*  went  on  shore, 
^coropanied  by  Tupia,  who  introduced  th^m  with 
ke  same  kind  of  ceremonies  that  had  |t|^p  place 
their  landing  at  Huaheine  ;  aftQi*  ^4B?  ^^P'^- 
ok  took  possession  of  this  and  tlMyi^ce^  islands 
the  name  of  the  Kin^  of  Great- wBin.  i# 
^Oti  the  22d  and  23d,;l|icin^  hazjTwcather,  with 
*isk  gale%,  Captain  Cadnudged  it  rather  unsafe  to 
It  to  sea.  On  the  24fR^ey  got  under  sail;  and 
peered  to  the  northward  within  the  reef,  towards 
1  opening  five  or  six  le^^ies  distant.  In  effeclintj 
iis>  he  was  in  the  greatest  danger  of  striking  on  a 
ck  ;  the  man  who  sounded,  crying  out  on  a  sud- 
jn.  Two  fathom,  at  which  they  were  much  alarm- 
but  happily  got  clear  withoij^^receiving  any  da- 
page-  :^^, 

I  1  he  provisions  of  this  islai^misist  chiefly  of  co- 
)a-nuts,  yams,  plantains,  andlPle>v  hogs  and  fowls  ; 
lat  part  of  the  country  where  they  landed  is  not  so 
{uitful  at eithcjiOtaheite or  Huaheine. 
HDn  the  25thjffifey  were  within  a  league  or  two  of 
|b  island  of  OSina,  but  the  wind  continuing  contra- 
they  could  not  get  near  enough  to  land  till  tlie 
th  in  the  morning,  when  Mr.  Bankji  and  Dr.  So- 
id«pwent  in  the  long-boat,  with  ^^;M||^er,  to 
mda  harbour  on  the  ea^side  of  the  isla^fa/hich 
ley  found  safe  and  co^^ient,  with  gooJ^icho- 
ige.  They  then  went  on  shore,  and^jiurrhased 
>mehogs  and  fowls,  and  a  large  quantity  M  yams 
id  plantains. 
VOL*  I.  F 


■'^: 


(^6 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


^ 


*f 


f  his  island  appeared  to  be  more  barren  than  Uii. 
etea,  but  the  produce  was  much  the  same- 

On  the  29th .  they  sailed  to  the  northward,  and  in 
the  afternoon,  finding  themselves  to  windward  of 
some  harbours  that  lay  on  the  west  side  of  Ulietea, 
they  intended  to  put  intt>  one  of  them,  in  order  to 
5top  a  leak  which  they  had  sprung  in  the  powder- 
room,  and  to  take  in  some  additional  ballast  The 
•wind  being  right  against  them,  they  plied  on  and  off 
^  the  afternoon  of  the  1st  of  August,  when  they  | 

ine  to  an  anchor  in  the  entrr^nce  of  the  chajinel 
■which  led  into  one  of  the  harbours. 

Wedb^day,  ^d  of ^ugust,  in  the  morning,  when 
the  tidejHtrned,  the-'  came  into  a  proper  place  for 
mooring  In  tw^l^-elght  fathoms.  In  the  interim 
many  of  the  i^Sves  came ,  off,  and  brought  hogs, 
fowls,  and  planCdinSj  whii^^wtre  purchased  upon 
very  moderate  terms.     M^  ' 

Mr.  Banks  and  Dr.  SoQfiaer  went  on  shore,  and 
spent  the  day  very  agreeably ;  the  natives  shewing 
them  great  respect.  Being  conducted  to  the  houses 
of  the  chief  people^  they  were  received  in  anuncora* 
mon  manner.  Upon  their  entrance  into  a  house,] 
they  four.d  those  who  had  ran  hastily  before  then), 
stan^jngon  each  side  of  a  long  mat,  spread  upon  the 
ground,  and  the  fajally  sitting  at  the  furtl^er  end  of 
it  In  one  house  JQp  observed  some  very  young 
girls,  dressed  in  theWatest  manner,  who  kept  their 
places,  waiting  for  the  strangers  to  accost  them : 
these  girls  were  the  most  beautiful^e  gentlemen 
had  ever  seen.  ^^^ 

Before  their  departure  t.iey  wEre  entertained 
•with  a  dance,  different  from  any  they  had  seen  be- 
fore, i'he  performer  put  upon  his  head  a -large 
piece  of  wicker-work,  about  four  feet  long,  of  a 
cylindj^ll  form,  covered  with  feathers,  and  edged 
round  \^m  shark's  teeth.  Having  this  head-dress 
on,  which  is  called  a  Whou^  he  began  to  dance 
r^ith|g^w  motion,  frequently  moving  his  head,  so 
as  ^^Mb'ibe  a  circle  with  the  top  of  his  wicker* 
CAP*  ^pfeometimes  t^rowJ«g  it  so  near  the  faces  of 


rfRST  VOYA 


e»7 


the  bye-standers,  as  to  make  them  jump  back  ^ 
[this  they  considered  as  an  excellent  piece  of  hu- 
mour, and  it    always    produced    a  hearty    la'igh 
'when  practised  upon  any^f  the  English  gentlemen. 
On  the  3d,  they  saw  a^^r  company  of  dancers, 
consisting  of  some  of  jy^e^^incipal  people  dlF  the 
■island.    The  women's^pks,  breasts,  and  arms  were 
[naked  ;  the  othgr  parwof  the  body  were  covered 
[with  black  clorti,  which  was  fastened  close  roii^ 
jthem  ;  and  by  the  ^de  of  each  breast,  next 
j  arms,  ^ 
[like  a  iiiSBs;ay 


I 


arms,  was  a  small  mume  of  black  feathers,  tv 


f^   Thus  apparelled,  they  advanced  side- ways,  keep- 
ing tiiie  with  great  exactness  to  the  drums,  which 
|bea   ^uick  and  loud ;    soon  after,  they  began  to 
[shike  themselves  in  a  very  whimsical  m^ner,  and 
^put  their  bodies  into  a  variety  of  strange  "^posturec^ 
sometim^  standing  in  a  row  on^e  behind   another, 
[^sometime?  sitting  down,  and  at  others  falling  with 
their  faces   to  the  ground,  and  resting  on  their 
knees  and  elbows,  moving  their  linger^  at  the  same 
tinrie  with  a  quickness  scarcely  to  be  creditedi^  'l^e 
chief  dexterity,  however,  of  these  dancers,  as  well 
as  the  amusement  of  the  spectators,  consisted  in 
the  lasciviousness  of  their  attitudes  and  gestures, 
which  decency  forbids  us  to  describe. 

On  Saturday  the  fifth,  some  hogs  and  fowH,  and 
.several  large  pieces  of  cloth,  many  of  them  being 
"fifty  or  sixty  yards  iu  length,  together  with  a  quan- 
tity of  plantains  and  cocoa-nuts,  were  sent  to  Cap- 
[tuin  Cook  as  a  present  from  the  Earee  rahie  of  a 
leighbouring  island,  called  Bolabola^  accompanied 
M\\i  a  message,  that^le  was   theii  on  the  island, 
[atnd  Intended  waitfeg^n  the    C^^ptain    the    next 
day.^  ^ 

On  Sunday  the  6th,  the  King  of  Bolabola  did 
visit  them  agreeable  to  his  promise  ;  his  abse: 
however,  was  not  in  the  least  regretted,  as  he  se 
three  very  agreeable  young  wonien  to  demand 
something  in  return  For  his  present.  After-dinner, 
they  set  out  to  pay  the  King  a  visit  djs  shore,  as  he 
did  not  think  proper  to  coine  on  board.    As  this 


1^ 


-m 


# 


4 


\^: 


m 


'M 


AIN  COOK^ 


man  was  the  Earee  rahie  of  the  Bolabola  meiu  who 
had  conquered  this,  and  were  the  dread  of  all  the 
neighbouring  islands,  they  were  greatly  disappointed, 
instead  of  .Gliding  a  vjgQious,  enterprising  young 
Chief,  to  see  a  ponr^jBroie,  decrepit  old  dotard, 
halfblind,  and  sinkin^lRtor  the  weight  of  age  and 
infirmities.  He  receiVe^fflem  without  either  that 
state  or  ceremoHy   whiclv^'ihey  had  hitherto  met 

kh  among  the  otlver  Chiefs. 

"^fhey  had  now  plenty  of  Jjogs  on  board,  but  as 
Jsjcouid  not  be  brought  to  eat  any  sort  of  Euro- 
peal^  grain,  or  any  provender  '  whateve^^iat  the 
ship  afforded,  they  were  reduced  to  the  dii&g^able 
necessity  of  killing  them  imniediately  on  the^3|^>'* 
in^  those  islands  ;  and  the  fowls  all  died  of  a^^b- 
derin  tl^k^head,  with  which  they  were  seized  ^o!i 
after  th<l5l|irerc  brought  on  board. 

As  they  were  detained  Ioniser  at  Ul||jtea  in  re- 
pairing the  ship  than  they  expected,  tney  did  ndt 
go  on  shore  at  Bolabola  ;  but,  after  giving  the  gene- 
ral ij^me  of  the  Society  Islands  to  the  whole  group, 
•wh||plie  between  the  latitude  of  16  deg.  10  itiiri, 
anoliS  deg.  55  min.  south,  they  pursued  their  course, 
standing  southwardly  for  an  island,  tpj  whi<;h  they 
were  directed  bv  Tupia,  at  above  an  hundred  leagues 
distant,  which  tney  discovered  on  Sunday  the  ISth, 
and.^swe  informed  by  him,  that  it  was  called  OMte- 
roa,  'The  next  mornintr  they  stood  in  for  land 
When  they  came  near  the  shore,  they  could  |pj*- 
ceive  that  the  inhabitants  were  armed  with  latttiis 
of  a  considerable  length.  The  appearance  of  the 
boat  soon  drew  together  aj^at  number  of  thejn 
upon  the  beiicH,  two  of  wh^^feaped  into  the  waftr, 
and  endeavoured  to  gain  tq|^oat,  but  she  soon  left 
them  behind  ;  several  others  made  ih^  attemj^,  but 
'^ith  as  little  success.  ^ 

i  b^at  having  doubled  the  point  where  they  in- 
'0  land,  opened  a  large  bay,  and  discovered 
TiM^iarty  of  the  natives  standing  at  the  end  of  it 
in  the  lan[ii?5  manner  as  those  they  had  already  §een' 
The  boat's  crew  rowed  to wards'the  shore,  and  be 


'^m^^ 


..^iui£a; 


.tV' 


FIRST  VOYAGE. 


69 


gan  to  make  preparations  for  landing,  upon  which 
a  canoe,  with  some  ef  the  natives  on  board,  came  off 
towards  them  ;  they  ordered  Tupia  to  acquaint 
^  these  people,  that  they  did  not  intend  doing  them 
any  injury,  but  wanted  to  traffic  with  them  with 
nails,  which  they  shewed  th^ ;  this  information en- 
[couraged  them  to  come  along- side  the  boat,  and 
they  accepted  of  some  nails,  which  wer^ven  them, 
with  much  appirent  pleasure  and  sa^l^ction ;  it 
soon  appeared,  however,  to  be  ^nothing  more  than 
dissimulation ;  for,  in  a  few  minutes,  several  of them^% 
unexpectedly  boarded  the  boat,  with  an  intentiou 
of  dragging  her  on  shore  ;  some  mu^ets  were  im- 
mediately discharged  over  their  heJSs,  which  had 
the  desired  effect,  all  of  them  leaping  directly  into 
the  sea  ;  and  as  soon  as  they  reached  the  canoe, 
they  put  back  to  the  shore  as  fast  as  they  cpuld  pad- 
dle, where  a  vast  concourse  o€  their  countrymen 
were  assembled  to  receive  them.  The  Captain 
saw  enough  of  their  dispositidilKko  give  up  all  hopes 
of  establishing  a  friendly  intercourse  with  them,  and 
returned  to  the  ship.    ^ 

The  people  of  this  i^Kid  are  very  tall,  well  pro- 
portioned, and*liave  loE^  hair,  which,  like  the  »S|a- 
biiants  of  theother  islands,  they  tie  in  a  btmch  ou 
the  top  of  their  head ;  they  are  likewise  tatowed 
on  different  parts  of  their  bodies,  but  not  on  their 
posteriors. 

This  island  does  not  shoot  up  into  high  peaks, 
like  the  others  which  they  visited,  but  is  more  level 
and  uniform,  and  divided  into  small  hillocks,  some 
of  which  are  covered  with  groves  of  trees ;  they^ 
saw  no  bread-fruit,  anf]  not  many  cocoa-nut  trees, 
but  great  numbers  of  the  tree  called  Etoa,  were 
planted  all  along  the  shore. 

On  the  15th,  they  sailed  to  the  southward,  and  on 
Friday  the  25th,  they  celebrated  the  anniversary  of 
their  leaving  England,  from  whence  they  had  becn^ 
absent  oiwe  year:  A  lar^e  Cheshire  cheese,  whicl^ 
had  been  carefully  preserved  for  that  purpose, 
>vas  brought  out,  and  a  b£u:rel  of  porter  tapped, 

'•     -      F2  ■  ^ 


'%\) 


# 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


which  proved  to  be  as  good  as  any  they  had  ever 
drank  in  England 

On  Thursday  the  Tth  of  October,  they  discover^^ 
land  at  west  by  north,  and  in  the  afternoon  of 
next  day,  they  came  to  an  anchor  opposite  tfij 
mouth  of  a  little  river  about  a  mile  and  a  half  fi  oif 
'the  shore.^^|.The  Captain,  with  Mr.  Banks,  I>B 
Solander,  ,^m  some  other  ijentlemen,  accompanied 
by  a  partlplparines,  went  on  shor€ftn  the  evening, 
in  the  pinnlice  aiid  yawl. 

Having  left  the  pinnace  at  the  entrance  of  the  ri- 
ver, Captain^ook,  Mr.  Banks,^&c.  proceeded  a  lit- 
tle farther  ujfPvben  they  landed,  and  leaving  the 
yawl  to  the  care  of  some  of  their  boys,  went  up  to  a 
few  small  houses  which  they  saw  at  a  little  distance. 
Taking  ^he  advantage  of  their  absence  from  the 
boat,  soiiB^  of  the  native'^,  who  had  concealed  them- 
selves H€|iind  the  )>|[^hes,  suddenly  rushed  oi^t,  and 
ran  towards  it^  britndlshing  the  long  wooden  lances 
which  they  had  in  tleir  hands  in  a  threatening  man- 
ner. The  Cockswain  fired  a  musketoon  over  their 
heads,  which  did  not  seem|||  intimidate  them  ;  he 
thAfired  a  second  time  o4^  their  Jieads,  but  witli 
no^tter  efifect ;  alarmed  at  the  situation  of  the 
boat,  as  they  wer€  now  got  near  enough  to  disciiarge 
their  lances  at  it,  the  Cockswain  levelled  his  piece 
at  the«i,  and  shot  one  man  dead  on  the  spot.  Struck 
"with  astonishment  at  the  fall  of  their  companion, 
they  retreated  to  the  woods  with  the  utmost  pre- 
cipitation. The  report  of  the  gun  soon  brought 
the'  advanced  party  back  to  the  boats,  and  both 
the  pinnace  and  yawl  immediately  returned  to  the 
ship. 

On  Monday  the  9th,  in  tlie  morning,  a  great  num- 
ber of  the  natives  were  seen  near  the  place  where 
the  gentlemen  in  the  yawlh?d  landed  the  preceding 
evening*  and  the  greatest  part  of  them  appeared  to 
be  unarmed.  The  long-boat,  pinnace,  antf  yawl,  be- 
ing ordered  out,  and  manned  with  itiiarines  and  sail- 
ors. Captain  Cook,  together  with  Mr.  Banks,  the 
test  <£  tile  gentleiwen,  and  Tupia,  went  on  shore. 


&r(d 

agail 


*.yx/s 


^ 


^1 


FIRST  VOYAGE. 


n 


af»d  landed  on  the  opposite  side  of  the  river,  over 
against  several  Indians  who  were    sitting  on  iti6 


Kint 


'hey  started  up  as  soon  as  the  t^entlemen  began 
and,  and  their  intentions  a])peared  very  hostile, 
andishing  their  weaponjr  in  the  nsual  threatening 
anfter;  upon  vhich  a  nnisket  was  fiwd  at  6»inie 
distance  from  them,  at  the  effect  of  which,  the  by  11 
happening  to  strike  the  water,  they  appeared  rather 
terrKied,  and  desisted  from,  thrir  inei»nce».  The 
marines  lieing  drawn  up,  the*  Captain,  with  four  or 
five  of  the  gentleman,  and  Tupia,  advanced  near- 
^rlp  the  side  of  the  river  ;  Tupia  spoke  to  them, 
anf!"  informed  them,  that  they  wanted  to  traffic 
with  them  for  provisions,  I'hey  readilv  consented 
to  trade,  and  requested  the  English  gentlemen  to 
cross  the  river,  and  come  over  to  them,  which  was 
af^rcedgl^  i|[^n  condition  that  the  natives  would 
quit  tl^iM^pons  j  but  this  the  most  solemn  as? 
surances  of  friendship  could  not  prevail  on  them 
\o  comply  with.  ^ 

The  gentlemen  In  tliw  ttirn  entreated  the  Indians 
locomeover  to  them,  which  afitr  some  time  ^y 
j)re vailed  on  one  of  them  to  do  ;  he  was  pr^ggntly 
followed  by  several  others,  bringing  their 


with  them.    They  did  not  appear  to  ^ct  an 


IS 

value  on  the  beads,  iron,  kc'  which  4Bs  p^fesWled 
to  them,  nor  would  they  give  any  ^hing  in  return, 
hut  proposed  to  exchange  their  weapons  for  those  be- 
longing to  the  English,  which  being  consequently  obi- 
jected  to,  they  endeavoured  several  timts  to  snatch 
them  out  of  their  hands.  But  their  attempts  to 
seize  the  arms  were  repeatedly  frustrated,  and  Tu- 
pia, by  direction  of  the  gentlemen,  gave  them  notice, 
that  any  further  offer  of  violence  would  be  punished 
with  instant  death  Oneof  tliemhad,  nevertheless, 
the  audacity  to  snatch  Mr.  Green's  banger,  and 
retiring  a  few  paces,  ilourislied  it  over  his  head  ;  he, 
however,  paid  fbr  this  temerity  with  his  life,  Mr. 
Monkhouse  firing  at  him  with  a  musket  loaded 
with  ball;   and  that    gentleman  afterwardsj  with 


^*f 


72 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


I'l 


u 


■t^  great  difficulty,  recovered  the  hanger,  one  of  the  In- 
^  dians  endeavouring  to  seize  it. 

This  behaviour  of  the  natives,  atM^fcl  to  Ae  want 
of  fresh  water,  inducid  Captain  Cook  to  Contif]y|| 
his  course  round  the  head  ot  the  bay.    He  was 
in  hopes  of  getting  some  of  the  Indians  on  board,  ani 
by  presents,  addM^to  civil  usage,  convey  throu^ 
them  a  favburabl^llea  of  the  English  to  ttheir  f^low^ 
countrymen ;  andthereby  settle  a  good  correspon- 
dence with  them.    Soon  after  an  event  occurred, 
though  attended  with  disagreeable  circumstances, 
that  promised  to  facilitate  this  design.    Two  ca- 
Iroes  appeared  making  towards  land,  and  Captain 
Cook  proposed  intercepting  them  with  his  be||s. 
One  of  them  got  clear  otF,  but  the  Indians?*iii  the 
oiher  finding  it  impossible  to  escape  the  boats,  began 
to  attack  them  with  their  i^addles:  this  compelled 
the  Endeavour's  people  to  fire  upon  th^m.    when 
j^      t|^^^  o^   ^^^  Ind'^ns  were  killed,  and  IM^  other 
tliree,  who  were  youths,  jumped  into  the  wv^r,  and 
endeavoured  to  swim  toshore  :  they  were  however^] 
taken  up  and  brought  on^^oard.    Tiiey  were  at 
first  greatly  terrified,  thinking  they  sliould  be  killed ; 
btit  Tupia,  by  repeated  assurances  of  friendship*  re- 
vmm^  their  fears,  and  they  aiterwards  eat  very 
h^fiyy  of  the  ship's  provisions.    When  they  retired 
t^|S,  in  thifcvening,  they  appeared  perfectly  easy 
in  tneir  mimrs,  and  slept  very  quietly.    The  next 
inornirtg,  after  they  were  dressed  and  ornamented, 
According  to  the  mode  of  the  country,  with  neckla- 
ces and  bracelets,  Captain  Cook  proposed  setting 
them  on  shore,  that  they  might  give  a  tavourable  re- 
port CO  theircouiitrymenofthe  reception  they  hac 
met  with.    They  testified  much  satisfaction  whei 
told  they  were  tube  released  :  the  names  dl^these 
boys   were  Taahour.?.nge,  Koikerange,    and  Ma- 
ragovete.      They    informed  Captain    Cook,  that 
there  was  a  particular  kind  of  deer  upon  the  island, 
likewise  taro,  eapes,  romara,  yams,  a  kind  of  long 
pepper,  bald  coote,  and  black  birds. 
.On  the  Ilth  Capt^n  Cook  set  sa,il|in  hopes  of 


m 


FIRST  VOYAGE. 


fe 


finding  a  better  anchoring  |»|^^p^after  gh'ing  this 
|)])ay  (called  by,  the  natives  I'^ncora)  the  name  of 
}^^vcTty  Bay  ;  and  the  sout)w|pst  t>oint  he  called 
m^  Mci^a  Hcad^  «n  ac^lnt  ot  its  being;  first 

[irceived  by   a  iad  on   board   named   Nicholas 
trnnp  ,^ 

Captain  Cook  gave  the  name«K'fl/i<?  Table  to  a 
point  of  land  about  seven  leagueaiPlthe  south  of  PoJ* 
verty  Bay,  its  figure  greatly  resembling  a  tables 
and  the  island,  called  by  the  natives  Ttahonvry^Yxe 
named  Portland  Island,  it  bein^  verv  similar  to 
that  of  the  same  name  in  the  British  Channel.        M. 

On  the  12th  several  Indians  came  oft  in  a  canoe  J*^ 
I  they  JlKP  disfigured  in  a  strange  manner,  danced 
and  sffllSi  ^"^  ^PM^red  at  timefr'  to  be  peaceafjlj^ 
indined,  at  c>thers|j^0;^enace  hostilities;  butnot^ 
I  withstanding  Tupw;  ^tjgojigly  invited  Uiem  to  come 
ion  board,  none  of  them   would  qtiit    the    canriC.^ 
[Whilst  i^<=i  Endeavour  was  getting  clear  of  the^ 
shambles,  five  canoes  full  of  Indians  came  off,  and 
[seeme^tp  threaten  the  people  on  board,  by  bran- 
Idishin^Seir  lances,  ana  other  hostile  gestures ;  a 
four  pd^fOt^,  loaded  with  gra])^  shot,  was  therefo^ 
! ordered  to  be  ilred,  but  nc^bihted  at  them.    I'll' 
[had  the  desired  effect,  andjuade  them  drop  asti^rn. 
Next  morning  nine  canoes  full  of  Indians  camefrem 
[the  shore,  and  iive  of  them,  after  having  consulted 
tng;etlier,  pursuied  the  Endeavour,  apparently  with 
a  hostile  design.    Tupia  was  desired  to  acquaint 
them  that  immediate  destruction  would  ensue,  if 
they  persevered  in  their  attempts ;  but  words  had 
^  influence,  and  a  four  pounder,  with  grape  shot, 

tsfiE^,  to  give  them  some  notion  of  th<j  arms  of 

teii^lp^^ents*    They  were  tei  rified  at  this  kind 

of  rel|^||^^  and  padcUed  away  faster  than  they 

T^efpllowing  day,  Sunday  the  15th,  in  the  after^ 
noou^l^Iarge  canoe,with  a  nunvber  of  armed  Indians, 
came  up,  and  one  of  them,  who  was  remarkably 
clothed  with  a  black  skin,  found  means  to  dcfrauq 
the  Cgntainof  a  piece  of  red  bai^re,  under  pretefiiSi 


^ 


a 


% 


'■?•' 


i 


^ 


■.^ 


I 


74  CAPTAIN  COOK'S 

of  barteringfVhe  sMiJIi^e  had  oa  fw  As  soon  as  l 
he  had  got  the  baiil^nto  his  possession,  instead  ojl 
giving  the  skin  in  rgton,  agreeable  to  his  bargain, 
ne  rolled  them  up^lgKther,  and  ordered  the  canoel 
to  put  off  from  the  ship,  turning  a  deaf  ear  to  th^ 
repeated  remonstrances  of  the  Captain  against  hi 
unjust  behavioi^fe  After  a  short  time  this  cano 
together  with  t^pishing  boats  which  had  put  ofFaf 
the  same  time,  ^ame  back  to  the  ship,  and  trade| 
was  again  begun.  During  this  second  traffic  witli 
the  Indians,  one  of  them  unexpectedly  seized 
WTuPJa's  little  boy  Tayota,  and  pulling  him  into  hiil 
l^anoe,  instantly  put  her  off,  and  paddled  away  with] 
the  utmost  speed ;  several  muskets  were|innme- 
diately  discharged  at  the  people  in  the  c^lQPS  andl 
one  of  them  receiving  a  wouiffltjftiey  all  let  go  thcl 
boy,  who  before  was  held  d(0ti  m  the  bottom  of  the| 
canoe.  Tayota  taking  the  sKl^antage  of  their  con« 
sternation,  immediately  Jumped  into  the  sea,  andl 
swam  back  towards  the  Endeavour.  He  was  taken 
on  board  without  having  received  ahy  harm  ;  but 
his  strength  was  so  much  exhausted  /^th  the 
^  -weight  of  his  clothes,  that  it  was  with  greaf^fticulty 
i4l^  reached  the  ship.i|pn  consequence  of  this  at- 
tempt to  carry  off  Tayota,  Captain  Cook  called  the 
Cape  off  which  it  happened  Ca/ie  Kidnapficrs.  Its 
distance  from  Portland  Island  is  about  13  leagues, 
forming  the  south  point  of  a  bay,  which  the  Captain' 
named  Hawkers  Bay,  in  honour  of  Sir  Edward, 
•who  then  presided  at  the  admiralty  board. 

As  every  circumstance  that  tends  to  elucidate  the 
manners  and  customs  of  these  people  must  attrac 
the  attention  of  the  curious  reader,  we  cannot  oi 
Tayota's  behaviour  upon  recovering  from  ^Htig' 
occasioned  by  hi%  being  kidnapped.  iHe^^Rlcec 
a  hsh,  and  acquainted  Tupia  that  he^  dipped  to 
make  an  offering  of  it  to  his  god,  or  Eatuav  as  a 
testimonial  of  his  gratitude  for  his  deli veraiff^t  Tu- 
pia approved  of  his  intention,  and  by  his  dttection 
the  fish  was  cast  into  the  sea.  This  is  an  evident 
^sa^egf,  that  even  these  unenlightened  savages,  by 


i'»ikW(,<i! 


FIRST  y<^YAGI]l; 


75 


i 


^ 


ths  mere  '>^Pul^MH#ui^*  believe  in  the  existence 
}f  a  particular  fip^o^ce.  The  Endeavour  now 
)assed  a  small  island,  white  and  high,  supposed  to 
inhabited  only  by  fishermen*  as  it  appeared  quite 

irren,  and  was  named  Bare  Island,    On  the  17th»' 
paptain  Cook  gave  the  name  of  Cape    Turn  jlgain 
to  a  head  land.    This  Cape  is  remarkable  for  a 
ytratiim  of  clay  of  a  bright  brown  colour ;  its  pro-   jfjL 
fiinence  gradually  diminishing  towards  the  north  ^1^ 

ide,  but  to  the  south  its  descent  is  not  so  regular.     ^  »^ 

The  land  between  this  Cape  and  Kidnapper's  Bay 
is  unequal,  and  resembles  the  h^h  downs  oOEhglana*^ 
^fhere  appeared  numerous  inhabitants,  and  severaHl 
[villages.    Wednesday  the  IJ^j^e  Endeavour  came 
[abreast  of  a  peninsula  in  ^||t}and  Island,  named 
Ti^aAra^a,  when  a  canoe,  witn  five .  Indians,  came 
lup  to  the  ship.    Tw6  Chj^fs  who  were    in  this 
canoe  came  on  board,,  'Vflijei^  they  remained  all 
right,  |j|d  were  treated  w^ittf  great  civility.  The 
Chie^^^j^ul^  neitlier  eat  ^  nor  drink,  but  the  ser- . 
rvants  inaa^^i|6r  their  masters*  abstinencexby  their 
voracious  ap^ptites.  The  three  boj^s  had  ^f  ^n  these  * 
I  natives  an    account  of  the  hospitality  ^«id|libe*' 
rality   of  the  English,  which  had  preva^ed  upon 
them  to  pay  this  visit.  \ 

Thursday  the  19th,  the  Endeavour  passed  a  re-^ 
markable  head-land,  which  Captain  Cook  named 
Gable  End  Foreland-  It  is  distmguishedl)y  a  rock, 
in  the  shape  of  a  church  spire,  l^Mpb  is  very  near  it. 
Here  three  canoes  came  up,  s^^ne  Indian  came  . 
on  board  ;  l^i^eceived  somell^i^l  presents,  aqd 
retired  to  \\\^  companions.  He;  ^vbre  a  new  garment 
^  E  white  silky  flax,  with  a  border  of  black,  red,  and 

ute.  ■%.        ■ 

Many  of  the  Indians  had  pie^^i^pf  green  stone 
round  tneir  necks,  by  way  of  nec^aces ;  they  were ' 
transparent,  like  an  emerald,  and  appeared  on  exa*  * 
mination,  to  be  a  species  of  Nephritic-stone,  of  which  ' 
all  their  ornaments  of  this  kind   consisted.     Mr. 
Banks  and  the  other  gentlemen  obtained  several 
pieces  of  it. 


T^t* 


76 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


On  the  30th  they  anchorecLlMybay,  about  twu 
leagues  to  the  north  of  the  FtJitup-  The  natives 
in  canoes  invited  them  hither,  wul  behaved  very 
aimicably.  There  appeared  to  be  two  Chiefs,  who 
came  on  board.  'I'hey  received  presents  of  linen, 
•which  ^ave  them  much  satisfaction ;  but  they  did  not 
hold  spike-nails  in  such  estimation  as  the  inhaibtantsJ 
^^  of  some  of  the  other  island.--  The  Captain,  Mrj 
^K, Banks,  and  Dr.  Solandcr,  went  on  shore,  and  were 
^courteously  received  by  the  irjiabitants,  who  did  notj 
^pear  in  numerous  bodies,  to  avoid  giving  offence.j 
The  Ca^ain  had  the^pleasure  to  find  fresh  water, 
in  the.eourse  of  a  tour  round  the  Iwy.  They  rc- 
ipained  on  shore  all  mght,  and  next  day  Mr*  Banks 
and  the  Doctor  discovered  several  plants,  and  many 
birds,  particularly  quiils  and  large  pigeonS'  Dogs 
"with  small  pointed  ears,  and  very  ugly,  were  the 
only  tame  animals  a^ong^  them-  They  have  sweet 
potatoes,  like  those  of  Jjcrth  America,  in  greatquan- 
tities;  and  the  cio.  plmJ^grows  here jnqntaiie'ously 
There  is  plenty  of  ftsh  in  the  bay,  1p%  ^§^^  crabs, 
cray-fishf  an  J  ship  jacks  or  horse-matlLirel,  which 
are  la^<?r  than  those  upon  our  coasts- 

Mr.loanks  and  Dr.  Solander  visited  their  houses^ 
and  were  kindly  received.  Fish  constituted  their 
principal  fqod  at  this  time,  and  the  root  of  a  sort 
ci  fern  served  them  for  bvead,  which,  when  roasted 
upon  a  fire,  and  divested  of  its  bark,  was  sweet  and 
clammy ;  in  tiiste  i|g|  disagreeable,  but  unpleasant, 
from  its  number  o^H^res-  Vegetables  were,  doubt- 
less, at  other  sea^ns  very  plentiful  The  women 
j|f  paint  their  faces  i^,  which,  so  far  fr^  increasing, 
diminishes  the  very  little  beauty  they  have.  The 
men's  faces  were^ot  in  general  painted,  but  some 
•were  rubbed  ovi^jivith  red  ochre  from  head  to  foot, 
their  apparel  "^t?excepted.  Though  they  could 
not  be  compared  to  the  inhabitants  of  Otalieite  for 
cleanliness  in  geiief  al,  they  surpassed  them  in  this 
yiespect  in  some  particulars.  Every  dwelling  was 
supplied  with  a  privv,  ^nd  they  had  dunghills  for 
^ifeposiUi^  d^rt  and  filth.    The  women  wore  a  gir- 


FIRST  VOYAGE. 


7T 


die  made  oft)%||(Lf|e  of  grass  under  a  petticoat, 
and  to  this  girdli  tva»  tied  in  front  a  bunch  of  fra« 
grant  leaves.  They  fteemed  to  hold  chastity  in  but 
little  estimation,  many  of  the  young  females  resort* 
ingto  the  watering-place,  Where  they  bountifully 
hestov;ed  every  favour  that  was  requested.  One  of 
tlie  officers  on  shore,  meeting  with  an  elderly 
wnman,  ho  accompanied  her  to  her  house,  and  hav-  djk 
jng  presented  her  with  some  cloth  and  beads,  «^ 
a  youn)^  girl  was  singled  out,  and  he  was  gjven  to 
understand  he  might  retire  with  her.  Soon  after  an 
elderly  man  with  two  women,  came  in  as  visitors^ 
imd  with  much  tor  "nality  saliited  all  the  company, 
uccording  to  the  custom  of  the  place,  which  is  by 
gently  joining  the  tips  of  their  noses  together.  Se- 
veral ot  the  Indians  went  on  board,  and  testified 
their  curiosity  and  surprise  with  regard  to  the  dif- 
lerent  parts  </f  the  ship. 

Sunday  22d,  in  the  evening,  they  sailed  from  this 
hay,  w|iich  by  the  natives  is  called    Tegadoo,    The 
wind  being  contrary,  they  put  into  ancther  bay  a- 
little  to  the  south,  called  by  the  natives   Tclaga^  in, 
order  to  complete  their  wood  a^id  water,  and  e»-* 
lend  their  correspondence  with  the  natives. 

On  the  24th,  Mr.  Goie  and  the  marines  were  sent 
on  shore  to  guard  the  people  employed  in  cuttmg 
wood  and  filling  water.    Capt.  Cook,  Mr.  Banks, 
and  the  Doctor  also  went  on  Shore ;  the  two  latter' 
eni]>loyed  themselves  in  collecting  plants.    In  theiif* 
route  they  found  in  the  vales  miny  houses  uninha^^'   ^ 
bit ed,  the  natives  residing  chiefiyjn  slight  sheds  on' 
the  ridges  of  the  hills,  which  are  very  steep.    In  the 
valley  between  two  very  high  hills,  they  saw  a  curi'^' 
ous  rock  that  formed  a  large  etrch,  opposite  to  the 
sea.    This  cavity  was  in  length  ^Si^ve  seventy  fect;^' 
in  breadth  thirty,  and  near  fifty  ia  Height ;  it  coro-^ 
manded  a  view  of  the  hills  and  the  bay,  which  ha<S' 
a  very  happy  effect.    Indeed  the   whole  country 
about  the  bay  is  agreeable  bevond  description,  ana^ 
if  properly  cultivated  would  be  a  most  fertile  spot.'' 
Upon  theiv return,  they  met  an  ald.znana  -^ho  ent^r-* 

VOL.  I.  Q  ^ 


0] 


78  CAPTAIN  COOK'S 

tamed  them  %vith  the  military  exmites  of  the  na- 
tives,  which  are  performed  with  the  Patoo  Patoo, 
and  the  lance.  The  tornrier  is  used  as  a  battle-axe ; 
the  latter  is  ten  or  twelve  feet  in  length,  made  of  ex- 
treme hard  wood,  and  sharpened  at  each  end.  A: 
stake  was  substituted  for  their  old  warrior's  sup^ 
posed  enemy  ;  he  first  attacked  him  with  his  lance, 
when,  having  pierced  him,  the  Patoo  Patoo  was  used 
to  demolish  his  head,  and  the  force  with  which  he 
struck  would  at  one  blow  have  split  any  man^s 
skull*  Their  tataowing  is  done  very  curiously  in 
Various  figures,  which  makes  their  skin  resemble 
carving ;  it  is  confined  to  the  principal  men,  the  fe- 
males and  servants  using  only  red  paint,  with  which 
they  daub  their  faces,  that  otherwise  would  not  be 
diisagreeable-  Their  cloth  is  white,  glossy,  and  very 
even  ;  it  is  worn  principally  by  the  men,  though  it 
is  wrought  by  the  women,  who  indeed  arc  con- 
demned to  all  the  drudgery  and  labour. 

In  conversation  with  the  natives,  it  was  found  they 
cat  their  enemies  after  they  are  killed  in  war. 
Captain  Cook  and  Dr.  Solander  went  on  the  27th  to 
ir.spett  the  bay,  wlien  the  Doctor  was  not  a  little 
surprised  to  find  the  natives  in  possession  of  a  boy's 
top,  which  they  knew  how  to  spin  by  whipping  it, 
smd  he  purchased  it  out  of  curiosity.  At  the  water- 
ing-place, the  Indkns,  by  desire,  sung  their  war 
aong^  which  was  a  strange  medley  of  shouting,  s^h- 
ing,  and  grimace,  at  which  the  women  assisted.  Tlie 
next  day  Captain  Cook  and  the  other  gentlemen 
ivent  upon  an  island  at  the  entrance  of  the  bay,  and 
met  with  a  canoe  that  was  sixty-seven  feet  in  length, 
six  in  breadth,  and  four  in  height ;  her  bottom, 
ivhich  was  sharp,  consisted  of  three  trunks  of  trees, 
and  the  sides  and  head  were  curiously  carved*  Their 
favourite  figure  is  a  volute  or  spiral,  which  is  some- 
times single,  double  and  triple,  and  is  done  with 
great  exactness,  though  the  only  instruments  the 
gentlemen  saw  were  an  axe  made  of  stone»  and  a 
chisel. 
!  There  are  many  beautifvd  parrots^  and  great  num- 


■^. 


NiJiv.l>«  iflKVV, 


FIRST  VOYAGE  1^ 

bers  of  birds  of  diflfereilt  Kinds,  particularly  '  oiie 
whose  note  resembled  the  European  black-bird  ; 
but  here  is  no  ground  fowl  or  poultry,  nor  were  there 
any  quadrupt'ds,  except  rats  and  dogs,  and  these 
wer*^;  not  numerous-  The  dogs  are  considered  as 
delicate  food,  and  their  skins  serve  for  ornauu  its  to 
their  appar*  1. 

Sunday,  Oct  29th,  they  set  sail  from  this  bay, 
which  is  called  by  the  natives  Tolaga.  1  his  is  a  very 
hilly  country,  though  it  presents  the  f  ye  with  an 
aerceahjle  verdure,  various  woods,  and  many  small 
plantAlpins.  Mr.  Banks  met  with  a  great  number  of 
trees  in  tfie  woods,  ouite  unknown  to  Europeans-  The 
firewood  resemblea  the  maple  tree*  and  produced 
a  gum  of  whitish  colour.  The  only  roots  they  met 
with  were  yams  and  sweet  potato'^s, 

Sailing  to  the  northward,  they  fell  in  with  a  small 
island,  about  a  mile  distant  from  the  north-east  point 
of  the  main;  and  this  being  the  most  eastern  part 
of  it,  the  Captain  naiiicd  it  East  Cape,  and  the 
island  East  Island  :  it  was  but  small,  and  appear- 
ed barren.  In  the  evening  of  the  30th,  Lieutenant 
Hicks  discovered  a  bay,  to  which  his  nan^e  wa*i  giv- 
en- Next  momihg,  about  nine,  several  canoes  came 
off  from  shore  with  a  number  of  armed  men,  who 
appeared  to  have  hostile  intentions.  Before  these 
had  reached  the  ship,  raiother  canoe,  larger  than 
any  that  had  yet  lieen  aeen,  full  of  armed  Indians^ 
came  off,  and  made  towards  the  Endeavour  with 
great  expedition.  The  Captain  now  judging  it  ex- 
pedient to  prevent,  if  pos&ll^le,  their  attacking  him, 
ordered  a  gun  to  be  nred  over  their  heads  ;  this 
not  producing  the  desired  effect,  another  gun  was 
fired  wjth  ball,  which  threw  them  into  such  con- 
sternation, tliat  they  immediately  returned  much 
faster  than  they  came.  This  precipitate  retreat  in- 
duced the  Captain  to  give  the  cape,  off  which  it  hap- 
pened, the  name  of  Cape  Runaway.  Next 
morning,  at  day-break,  they  saw  between  forty  and 
fifty  canoes  along  shore,  many  of  which  came  off  in 
the  manner  they  had  done  the  day  before,  shouting. 


M 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


U    '.K  *,*  i    * 


and  menacing  an  attack.  One  of  their  CUiefii  in 
the  largest  of  the  canoes  made  several  harangues,  and 
by  the  menacing  flourish  of  hi«  pike,  seemed  to  bid  the 
ship  defiance  ;  but  the  gentlemen  continuing  to  in- 
vhc  them  to  trade,  they  at  last  came  close  along- 
side, and  the  Chief  who  had  been  declaiming,  after 
uttering  a  sentence,  took  up  a  stone  and  threw  it 
against  the  side  of  the  ship,  which  appeared  to  be 
a  declaration  of  hostilities,  as  they  instantly  seized 
their  arms.  One  of  them  took  some  luien  that 
%vas  hanging  to  dry,  and  ;nade  oif  with  it.  A  mus' 
kct  was  fired  over  his  head  to  make  himjteturn, 
but  this  did  not  prevail ;  and  even  after  anothet 
•was  fired  at  him  with  small  shot,  which  hit  him  in 
the  backj  he  still  persevered  in  his  design.  Upon 
this  the  rest  of  the  Indians  dropped  astern  at  some 
distance,  and  set  up  their  song  of  defiance-  They 
did  not,  however,  make  any  preparations  for 
attacking  th^  ship ;  but  the  Captain  judged,  that  if 
he  suffered  them  to  go  off  without  convincing  them 
of  his  power  of  avenging  the  insult,  it  might, giye  an 
unfavourable  opinion  of  the  English  to  the  natives 
on  shore.  He  accordingly  fired  a  (our-ppunder, 
•which  passed  over  tbem,  and  the  effect  it  had  in  the 
•water  terrified  them  so  greatly,  that  they  made  to 
the  shore  with  the  utmost  precipitancy.  In  the  af- 
ternoon thev  descried  a  high  island  to  the  west, 
and  some  time  after  perceived  some  other  if  lands 
and  rocks  in  the  same  quarter  ;  not  being  able  to 
•weather  them  before  night  came  on,  they  bore  up 
between  them  and  the  n»ain  land-  About  seven  in 
the  evening  a  double  caiwe,  built  like  those  at  Ota- 
heite,  but  carved  after  their  peculiar  manner,  cam« 
up  to  the  ship,  and  Tupia  entered  into  a  friendly 
conversation  with  the  Indians  on  board  ;  when, 
on  a  sudden,  it  being  now  dark,  they  pelted  the 
ship  with  stones,  and  then  retreated. 

The  Endeavour  passed  the  night  under  an  island 
about  twenty  miles  from  the  main,  which  tbey 
Darned  the  Mayor.  Iu  the  morning  of  the  third, 
they  gave  the  name  of  the  Court  or  Aldermen 


.M\mA 


FIRST  VOYAGE. 


81 


to  a  number  of  small  islands  that  lay  cojitigaous. 
The  Chief,  who  governed  the  district  from  Cape 
Tuma^ain  to  this  coast,  was  named  Ttratu, 

On  Friday  the  4th,, three  canoes  came  along-side 
with  several  Indians*  These  canoes  were  built  very 
different  from  the  others,  being  forip'^d  of  the 
trunks  of  single  trees,  made  hollow  by  burnhig  : 
they  were  not  carved,  or  in  any  shape  orramented. 
These  Indians  were  of  a  darker  complexion  tlian 
the  others,  but  made  use  of  the  same  modes  of  de- 
fiance, and  threw  several  stones,  and  some  ot  their 
landes  into  the  ship. 

The  same  afternoon  the  Endeavour  sailed  to- 
wards an  inlet  they  had  disctjvered,  and  anchored 
in  seven  fathom  water.  She  was  soon  after  sur- 
rounded by  several  canoes,  and  the  Indians  at  first 
did  not  shew  any  signs  that  they  intended  commit- 
ting; hostilities.  One  of  the  Endeavour's  people  sliot 
a  bird,  whxh  the  Indians  conveyed  on  board,  with- 
ont  testifying  any  surprise  at  the  event.  For  their 
civiHty  the  Captain  gave  them  a  piece  of  cloth-  But 
this  favour  had  a  very  opposite  influence  to  what 
was  expected,  tV.i'  when  it  grew  dark  they  sun^;  one 
of  their  menacing  songs,  ard  attempted  to  carry 
off  the  anchor's  buoy,  Some  muskets  were  now  fired 
over  them,  which  aeemed  rather  to  irritate  than 
terrify  them,  and  upon  their  going  off,  they  threaten- 
ed to  return  the  next  mornfng  in  greater  numbers  ; 
they  came  back  however  the  same  nigjit  :.bout  ele- 
ven o'clock,  in  hopes  of  surprising  the  ship's  crew  ; 
but  finding  them  on  their  guard,  they  again  retired- 

In  the  morning  of  the  5th,  a  great  number  of  ca- 
noes, with  near  two  hundred  men,  armed  with 
spears,  lances  and  stones,  made  their  appearance, 
seemingly  resolved  to  attack  the  ship,  and  detirou^ 
of  boarding  her,  but  could  not  determine  at  what; 
part,  changing  their  stations,  and  paddhng  round  her. 
These  motions  kept  the  crew  upon  the  watcl?,  in 
the  rain,  "Whilst  Tupia.  at  the  request  of  the  Cap- 
tain, used  every  dissuasive  argument  he  could  sugr 
gest  to  prevent  carrying  their  apparent  designs  into 

G2 


r  / 


B2 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


m> 


execution;  but  his  expostulations  did  ncu  paciiy 
them,  till  some  muskets  were  tired ;  they  then  laid 
aside  their  hostile  intentions,  and  began  to  trade. 
They  sold  two  of  their  weapons  without  fraud,  but  a 
third,  for  which  they  had  received  cloth,  they  would 
not  dehver  up,  and  instead  of  paying  any  attention 
to  the  detit*^nd  that  was  made  of  it,  they  only  laugh- 
ed at  them,  and  turned  their  expostulations  into 
ridicule.  As  the  Cap  tarn  proposed  to  stay  some 
days  at  this  place,  that  he  might  observe  the  tran- 
sit" of  Mercury,  he  judged  it  expedient  to  chastise 
these  people  for  their  insolence  and  knavery  ;  ac- 
cordingly some  small  shot  were  fired  upon  the 
principal  offender,  and  a  musket  ball  went  through 
nis  canoe  His  conipanions  left  him  to  his  fate, 
^vithout  taking  the  least  notice  of  him,  though  he 
•was  wounded,  and  continued  to  trade  without  any 
discomposure.  They  for  some  time  traded  very 
fairly,  but  returning  to  theirniul-practices,  another 
canoe  was  fired  upon,  and  struck :  they  soon  alter 
paddled  away,  whilst  a  round  uhfA  was  fired  over 
them. 

Several  of  the  Indians  came  off  to  the  ship  on  the 
5th,  but  behaved  much  better  than  they  had  done  the 
preceding  day.  They  had  witti  them  an  old  man, 
•who  had  before  testified  his  prohHy  and  discretion  ; 
and  he  appeared  to  be  of  superior  rank  to  the 
rest.  He  came  on  board  with  another  Indian, 
■when  the  Captain  presented  them  with  some  nails, 
and  two  pieces  of  cJoth  of  English  manufacture, 
Tojava  (\^hich  was  the  name  of  the  old  man)  in- 
formed Mr.  Banks,  that  the  natives  had  been  in 
great  terror  of  the  English  ;  when  he  was  intormed 
that  the  Captain  and  his  people  had  no  ill  design 
against  the  Indians,  but,  on  the  contrary,  wanted  to 
establish  a  friendly  intercourse,  and  to  traffic  with 
them.  Tojava  then  acquainted  the  Captain,  that  they 
•were  often  visited  byfree-bootersfrom  the  north,  who 
^tripped  them  ot  all  they  could  lay  their  hands  on, 
and  often  made  captivfis  of  their  children  and  wives ; 
4^nd  that  bein^  ignorant  who  the  EuigUsh  were  lupoo 


FIRST  VOYAGE. 


S3 


their  arrival,  the  natives  had  taken  the  alarm  upon 
the  ship's  appearing  off  the  coast,  but  woie  now  sa- 
tisfied of  their  lifood  intent.  Probably,  tlieir  poverty 
and  misery  may  be  ascribed  to  the  ravages  ot  this 
banditti,  who  often  strip  thesn  of  every  necessary 
of  life. 

The  assurances  of  friendship  which  they  had  re- 
ceived from  the  gentlemen  on  lx)ard,  seemed  to  havje 
a  proper  influence  upon  the  natives,  who  were  now 
very  tractable  and  submissive.  In  a  word,  the  na- 
tives now  treated  the  English  with  great  hospitali- 
ty; a  large  supply  of  wood  and  grod  water  was  ob- 
tained, and  the  ship  being  very  foul,  vjas heeled,  and 
her  bottom  scrubbed  in  the  bay. 

Noveniber  the  eighth,  the  Indians  supplied  the 
ship's  crew  with  as  much  excellent  fish,  resembling 
mackarel,  as  was  sufficient  for  all  their  dinners,  for 
which  they  gave  some  pieces  of  cloth. 

A  great  variety  of  plants  were  this  day  collected 
by  Mr.  Banks  and  Dr.  Solander  ;  they  had  never 
observed  any  ot  the  kind  before. 

Early  in  the  morning  of  the  9th,  several  canoes 
brought  a  prodigious  quantity  of  mackarel,  one  sort 
of  which  was  no  way  different  from  the  mackarel 
caught  on  our  coast.  These  canoes  were  succeed- 
ed by  many  others,  equally  well  loaded  with  the 
same  sort  of  fish  ;  and  the  cargoes  purchased  were 
so  great,  that  when  salted,  they  might  be  consider- 
ed as  a  month's  provision  for  the  whole  ship's 
company. 

This  being  a  very  clear  day,  the  astronomer 
(Mr.  Green)  and  the  other  gentlemen,  landed  to  ob- 
serve the  transit  of  Mercury,  and  whilst  the  obser- 
vation was  making,  a  large  canc^e,  with  various 
commodities  on  board,  came  along  side  the  ship  ; 
aad  Mr.  Gorcj,  the  officer  who  had  then  the  com- 
mand, being  desirous  of  encouraging  them  to  traf- 
fic, produced  a  piece  of  Otaheitean  cloth,  of  more 
value  than  they  had  yet  seen,  which  was  Immedi- 
ately seiaed  by  one  of  the  Indians,  wlio  obstinately 

xpivmd  either  lo  iretiir»  it^  ov  to  givf^  mY  th^g  la 


.1 

: 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


exchange  ;  he  paid  clearly,  however,  for  his  te^ 
merity,  beirAg  shot  dead  on  the  spot. 

The  death  of  this  young  Indian  alarmed  all  the 
vest ;  they  fled  with  ^reat  precipitancy,  and  for 
the  present  could  net  be  induced  to  renew  their  traffic 
with  the  English,  But  when  the  Indians  on  shore 
heard  the  particulars  related  by  Tojava,  who  great- 
ly condemned  the  conduct  of  the  deceased,  they 
seemed  to  think  that  he  merited  his  fate-  His  name 
proved  to  be  Otirreeoonooe. 

This  transaction  happened,  as  has  been  mention- 
ed, whilst  the  observation  was  making  of  the  tran- 
sit of  Mercury,  when  the  weather  was  so  favour- 
able, that  the  whole  transit  was  viewed  vlthouta 
cloud  intervening.  Mr.  Gret^  made  the  observation 
of  the  ingress,  wriilst  Captain  Cook  was  engaged  in 
aiscertaining  the  time,  by  taking  the  sun's  altitude. 
IrA  consequence  of  this  observation  having  been  ipade 
here,  this  bay  was  called  Mercury  hay. 

On  the  10th,  Mr.  Banks,  Dr.  Solander,  and  the 
Captain  went  in  boats  to  inspect  a  large  river  that 
run*  into  the  bay.  Tliey  found  it  broader  some 
miles  within  than  at  the  mouth,  and  intersected  into 
a  number  of  streamis,  by  several  small  islands, 
which  were  covered  with  trees.  On  the  east  side 
of  the  river  the  gentlemen  shot  some  shags,  which 
proved  very  good  eating. 

The  Indians  sup  before  sun-set,  when  they  eat 
fish  and  birds  baked  or  roasted.  A  female  mour- 
ner was  present  at  one  of  their  suppers ;  she  was 
seated  upon  the  ground,  and  wept  incessantly,  at 
the  same  time  repeating  some  sentences  in  a  doleful 
manner,  but  which  Tupia  could  not  explain ;  at  the 
termination  of  each  period  she  cut  herself  with  a 
shell  upon  her  breast,  her  hands,  or  her  face;  p  . - 
withstanding  this  shoking  bloody  spectacle  gre^  lly 
affected  the  gf^ntlemen  present,  yet  all  the  Indians 
saw  it  with  indifference. 

November  11th,  great  plenty  or  ovsters  was  pre- 
cured  from  a  bed  which  had  been  discovered,  and 
they  proved  exceedingly  good.    Next  day  the  ship 


rmST  VOYAGE/I 


85 


!d  all  the 
and  for 
;ir  traffic 
on  shore 
ho  great- 
ed,  they 
lis  name 


cy  eat 
mour- 
10  was 
tly,  at 
loleful 
at  the 
vith  a 

really 
dians 

pre- 
and 
ship 


was  visited  by  two  canoes,  with  mikliown  Indians; 
after  some  invitation  they  came  on  board,  and  they 
all  trafficked  without  any  frand.  They  sailed  from 
this  bay  »after  taking  possession  of  it  jn  the  na  me  of  the 
King  of  Great  Britain,  on  the  15th  of  November.  A 
111!  iJ^er  of  islands,  of  different  sizes,  appeared  to- 
ward the  north-west,  which  were  named  Mvrcury 
Inlands.  On  account  of  the  number  of  oysters  found 
in  the  river,  the  Captain  gave  it  the  name  of  Oyster 
river*  The  inhabitants,  though  numerous,  have  no 
plantations ;  their  canoes  are  very  indifferently  cou- 
titructed,  and  are  no  way  ornamented. 

Upon  this  shore  iron  sand  is  in  plenty  to  be  found,    . 
which  proxies  that  there  are  mines  of  that  metal  up 
the  country,  it  being    brought  down  by  a  rivulet 
from  thence. 

On  the  18th,  in  the  morning,  the  Endeavour  steer- 
ed between  the  main  and  an  island  which  seemed 
very  fertile,  and  as  extensive  as  Ulietea.  Many  ca- 
noes filled  with  Indians  came  along-side,  and  the  In- 
dians sung  their  war  soa^  ;  the  Ejideavour's  people 
paying  them  no  attention,  they  threw  a  volley  of  r , 
stones,  and  then  paddled  away  ;  hit  they  presently 
returned,  and i^ne wed  their  insults.  However,  upon 
a  musket  l>eing  fired  at  one  of  their  boats,  they  made 
a  precipitate  retreat. 

In  the  e veiling  they  cast  anchor  in  23  fathoms 
water,  and  early  the  next  morning  they  sailed  up  an 
inlet  Th*  Endeavour  was  now  in  a  bay,  called  by 
the  natives  Ooahaouragee,  and  Captain  Cook,  wit^ 
Mr.  Banks  and  Dr.  Solandcr,  8cc.  we^it  in  the  boats 
to  the  bottom  of  the  bay,  to  examine  it,  and  they  did 
not  return  tfll  next  morning.  At  the  entrance  of 
^  w(K*d  they  met  with  a  tree  ninety-eight  feet  h'gh  * 
froQii  the  ground  to  the  first  branch,  quite  straight, 
and  nineteen  feet  in  circumference ;  and  they  found 
jtill  larger  trees  of  the  same  kind  as  they  advanced 
into  the  wood^  The  Captain  called  this  river 
Tha^ies,  being  not  unlike  our  river  of  that  name* 

The  ship,  at  their  departure,  was  surrounded 
with  canoes",  which  induced  Mr.  Banks  to  remain  on    - 


!'.■,) 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 

.  board,   that   he    might    trade   with  the  Indians, 

'though  the  traders  were  honest  in  their  dealing,! 
there  was  one  amongst  them  who  took  a  fancy  toa| 
halt-minute  glass,  but  was  detected  in  secreting  it, 
and  he  was  punished  with  the  cat-o'-ninetails.  The  I 
other  Indians  endeavoured  to  save  him  froA  this 
punishment ;  but  being  opposed,  they  got  their  arms 
from  the  canoes,  and  some  of  the  people  in  the»n  at- 
tempted to  get  on  board.  Mr.  Banks  and  Tupiunow 
'Coming  upon  deck,  the  Indians  applied  to  Tupia, 
but  he  having  no  influence  upon  Mr.  Hicks,  the  com- 
mandiiig  officer,  informed  them  of  the  nature  of  the! 
offenders  intended  punishment,  which  pacified 
them,  as  they  imagined  he  was  going  to  be  put  to 

Meath.  The  criminal  not  only  received  twelve  | 
lashes,  but  afterwards  a  drubbing  from  an  old  man, 
"who  was  thought  to  be  his  father. 

t  On  the  23d  they  tided  it  down  the  river,  and  ob 
the  24th  they  steered  along  the  shore,  between  the  I 
islands  and  the  main,  and  in  the  evening  anchored  io 
an  open  bay,  in  abouc  fourteen  fathonxs  water.  Here 
they  caught  a  large  number  offish  of  the  scienne.or 
brearti  kind;  from  which  the  Captain  named  this] 

} Bream  Bay^  and  the  extreme  points  of  \tBrean\ 
Head'    There  are  numbers  of  rocks  off  this  bay, 
which  were  calk  d  the  Hen  and  ChickenS'    No  in- 
habitants were  visible  ;  but  from  the  fires  perceived  | 

jiEt  night,  the  gentlemen  concluded  it  was  inhabited 

>  Sunday  the  26th,  Captain  Cook  continued  his  I 
course  slowly  along  the  shore  to  the  north.  This 
day  two  canoes  came  up,  and  some  of  the  Indians' 
came  on  board,  when  they  trafficked  very  fairly 
Two  lai  ger  canoes  soon  after  followed  them,  aiu) 
coming  up  to  the  ship,  the  people  in  them  hailed  t.He 
others,  when  they  conferred  together,  and  afterwards 
came  along-side  of  the  ship.  The  last  two  canoes 
were  finely  ornamented  with  carving,  and  the  people, 
who  apj>eared  to  be  of  higher  rank,  were  armed 
."with  various  weapons;  they  held  in  high  estimation 
their  Patoo  Patoos^  which  were  made  of  stone  and 
wl^alebone,  and  t,hey  had  ribs  of  whate  with  orna 


l*u;nia\w 


FIRST  VOYAGE,  j 


Wis. 


|iri6nts  of  dog's   hair,  which  were  very  curious.  j> 
These  Indians  seemed  the  superiors  of  the  others  ;''' 
they  were  nevertheless  not  free  from  the  vice  of  pil- 
fering, for  one  of  them  having  agreed  to  barter  a 
•weapon  for  a  piece  of  cloth,  he  was  no  sooner  in  poS"«i; 
session  of  the  cloth  than  he  paddled  away  withoutv 
"paying  the  price  of  it ;  but  a  musket  being  fired,  he'} 
[came  back  and  returned  the  cloth.    All  the  canoes?  v 
[then  returned  ashore.  ? 

The  Endeavour  passed  a  remarkable  point  of, 
[land,  which  the  Captain  called  Ca/ie  Bret^  in  hc^our 
of  the  baronet  of  that  name;  this  cape  is  much^ 
higher  than  any  of  the  adjacent  land.    Within  a^ 
mile  to  the  north-east  by  north  is  a  curious  rocky 
[island  ;  it  is  arched,  and  has  a  pleasing  effect  at  a 
distance.    The  natives  call  this  Cafie  Alotugogogo  r 
It  terms  a  bay  to  the  west,  which  contains  many 
/jmall  islands,  and  Captain  Cook  named  the  point  ati 
[the  north-west  entrance  Pomt  Pococke.    The  inha- 
bitants had  the  Same  itch  for  cheating  as  the  others. 
[One  of  the  midshipmen  was  so  nettled  at  being  im- 
posed upon,  that  he  had  recourse  to  a  whimsical  ex- 
jpedient  by  way  of  n^venge  ;  taking  a  fishing  line,  he 
threw  the  lead  with  so  much  dexterity,  that  the* 
hoofer  caught  the  Indian  who  had  imposed  upon  him  * 
by  the  buttocks,  when  the  line  breaking,  the  hook 
[remained  in  his  posteriors.    These  Indians  were 
strong  and  well-proportioned  ;  their  hair  was  black,- 
and  tied  up  in  a  banch  stuck  with  feathers  ;  the 
Chiefs  among  them  had  garments  made  of  fine  cloth, 
ornamented  with  dog's  skin ;  and  they  were  also  ta  • 
taowed. 

On  the  27th  the  Enderivour  was  among  a  number 
of  small  islands,  from  which  several  canoes  came 
off;  but  the  Indians,  from  their  frantic  gestures, 
seemed  disordered  in  their  minds  ;  they  threw  their*  ^ 
fish  into  the  ship  by  h andfuls,  without  demanding  any> 
thing  by  way  of  barter.  Some  otlier  canoes  ako 
came  up,  ivho  suluted  the  ship  with  stones.  One  of  the 
Indians,  who  was  particnlarlv  active,  threw  a  stick 


V  1 


«8: 


CAPTAIN  COOK^S 


at  one  uf  the  Endeavour's  men.  It  was  tihen  judged 
time  to  bring  them  to  reason,  and  a  musket  with 
small  shot  was  fired  at  him,  when  he  fell  down  in 
the  canoe.  A  general  terror  was  now  spread 
amongst  them,  and  they  all  made  a  very  precipitate 
jtJtreat  Among  the  fisli  obtained  from  these  ca- 
noes, were  Cavellea  in  great  plenty,  and  for  this 
reason  the  Captain  called  these  islands  by  the  same 
name- 

For  several  days  the  wind  was  so  very  unfavoura- 
ble, tliat  the  vessel  rather  lost  than  gained  ground 
On  the  29th,  having  weathered  Cape  Bret,  they 
bor«  away  to  leeward,  and  got  into  a  large  bay, 
where  they  anchored  on  the  south-west  side  of  seve- 
ral iiilands ;  after  which  the  ship  was  surrounded  by 
thirty- three  large  canoes,  containing  near  three 
hundred  Indians,  all  armed.  Some  of  them  were 
adiT.itted  on  boards  and  Captain  Clook  gave  apiece 
of  broadcloth  to  one  of  the  Chiefs,  and  some  small 
presents  to  the  others.  They  traded  peaceably  for 
some  time,  being  terrified  at  the  fire-arms,  the  effect 
of  which  they  were  not  unacquainted  with,  but  whilst 
the  Captain  was  at  dinner,  on  a  signal  given  by  one 
of  their  Chiefs,  all  the  Indians  quitted  the  ship,  and 
they  attempted  to  tow  away  the  buoy ;  a  musket 
was  now  fired  over  them,  but  it  produced  no  effect ; 
small  shot  was  then  fired  at  theiu,  but  it  did  not 
reach  them.  A  musket  loaded  with  ball,  was  tliere- 
fore  ordered  to  be  fired,  and  Otegooivgooiu  (son  of  one 
of  the  Chiefs)  was  wounded  in  the  thigh  by  it, 
which  mduced  them  immediately  to  throw  the  buoy 
overboard.  To  complete  their  confusion,  a  round 
shot  was  fired,  which  reached  the  shore,  and  as  soon 
as  they  landed  they  ran  in  search  of  it.  If  these  In- 
dians had  been  under  any  kind  of  military  discipline, 
they  might  have  proved  a  much  niere  formidable 
enemy  ;  but  acting  thus,  without  any  plan  or  regula- 
tion, they  only  exposed  themselves  to  the  annoyance 
of  fire-arms,  whilst  they  Could  not  possibly  succeed  in 
:iny  of  their  designs. 

TThc  Captain,  Mr.  Banks,  and  Dr.  Solander,  land* 


FIRST  VOYAGE. 


89 


e«l  upon  tUe  island.    The  gentlemen  were  now  in  a  • 
small  cove,  and  thty  wsre  presently  surrounded  by^- 
near  four  hundred  armed  Indians  ;  but  the  Capt&iii  ^ 
not  suspecting  any  hostile  design  on  the  part  of  the  ^ 
natives,  remamed  peaceably  disposed.    The  gentle-'?' 
men  marching  towards  them,  drew  a  line,  intimating-v 
that  tliey  were  not  to  pass  it ;  they  did  not  infringe 
upon  this  boundary  for  some  time,  but  at  length  theys 
sung  the    song  of  defiance,  and  began  to   dance,  * 
whilst  a  party  attempted  to  draw  the  Endeavour's* 
boats  on  shore.    These  signals  for  an  attack  beings  ^  ' 
immediately  followed  by  the  Indians  breaking  in  up-  * ' 
0^1  the  line,  the  gentlemen  judged  it  time  to  defend'^ 
themselves,  and  accordingly  the  Captain  fired  hi»  * 
musket,  loaded  with  small  shot,  which  was  seconded* 
by  Mr.  Banks  discharging  his  piece,  and  two  of  the* 
men  followed  his  example.    This  threw  the  Indians 
into  great  confusion,  and  tliey  retreated  ;  but  were  » 
rallied  again  by  one  of  their  Chiefs,  who  shouted  and 
waved  his  patoo  patoo.    The   Doctor  now  pointed 
his  musket  at  this  hero,  and  hit  him :  this  stopt  his 
career,  and  he  took  to  flight  with  the  other  Indians. 
They  retired  to  an  eminence  in  a  collective  body,* 
and  seemed  dubious  whether  they  should  return  to 
the  charge.    They    were  now  at  too  great  a  dis- 
tance for  ball  to  reach  them  ;  but  these  operations 
being  observed  from  the  ship,  slie  brought  her  broad- 
side to  bear,  and  by  firing  over  them  soon  dispersed 
them.  The  Indians  had  in  this  skirmish  two  of  their 
people  wounded,  but  none  killedi    Peace  being  thus  ' 
restored,  the  gentlemen  began  to  gather  celei^  and 
other  herbs ;  but  suspecting  some  of  the  natives  were 
lurking  about  with  evil  designs,  they  repaired  to  a 
cave,  which  was  at  a  small  distance  ;  here  they 
found  the  Chief,  who  had  thai  day  received  a  pre- 
sent from  the  Captain  ;   he  came  forth  with  his  wife 
and  brotlier,  and  solicited  their  clennency.    It  ap- 
peared that  one  of  the  wounded  Indians  was  a  bro- 
ther of  this  Chief,  who  was  under  great  anxiety  lest 
the  wound  should  prove  mortal;  but  his  grief  was  in  a 
great  degree  ^evi%ted,  when  he  was  made  ac-  ♦ 
VQUl  n    .     -.--...      .-  ,. .-r 


90 


CAI^AIN  COOK'S 


quainted  with  the  different  effects  of  small  shot  and 
ball ;  he  was  at  the  same  time  assured,  that  upon 
any  future  hostilities  being  'Committed,  ball  would 
be  used.  This  interview  terminated  very  cordially, 
after  some  trifling  presents  were  made  to  the  Chief 
.and  his  companions. 

The  prudence  of  the  gentlemen  upon  this  occa- 
sion cannot  be  much  commended  Had  these  four 
hundred  Indians  boldly  rushed  in  upon  them  at  once 
with  their  weapons,  the  musketry  could  have  done 
very  little  execution ;  but  supposing  twenty  or 
thirty  of  the  Indians  had  been  wounded,  for  it  does 
not  appear  their  pieces  were  loaded  with  ball,  but 
only  small  shot,  there  would  have  remained  a  suffi- 
cient number  to  have  massacred  them,  as  it  appears 
they  do  not  give  any  quarter,  and  none  could  have 
been  expected  upon  this  occasion.  It  is  true,  when 
the  aliip  brought  her  broad-side  to  bear,  she  might 
have  made  great  havoc  amongst  the  Indians  ;  but 
this  would  have  been  too  late  to  save  the  party  on 
shore. 

Being  again  in  their  boats;  they  rowed  to  another 
part  of  the  same  island,  when  landing  and  gaining 
an  eminence,  they  had  a  very  agreeable  and  roman* 
tic  view  of  a  great  number  of  islands,  well  inhabited 
and  cultivated.  The  inhabitants  of  an  adjacent 
town  approached  unarmed,  and  testified  gr^at  hu- 
mility and  submission.  Some  of  the  party  on  shore 
who  had  been  very  violent  for  having  the  Indians 
punished  for  their  fraudulent  conduct,  were  now 
guilty  of  trespasses  equally  reprehensible,  having 
torced  into  some  of  the  plantations,  and  dug  up  potar 
toes,  rhe  Captain  upon  this  occasion  shewed  strict 
justice,  in  punishing  each  of  the  offenders  with 
twelve  lashes ;  one  of  them  being  very  refractory 
upon  the  occasion,  and  complaining  of  the  hardship, 
thinking  an  Knglishman  had  a  right  to  plunder  an 
Indian  with  impunity,  was  flogged  out  of  his  opinion 
with  six  additional  lashes  Probably,  his  adding, 
**  that  in  this  he  had  only  followed  the  example  of 
his  superiors^  "  might  have  had.  no  little  \Teight  ii* 
procuring  him  tjjis  htst  se«t?ncei  ,    »»    .  . 


^>^l:*l  10^ 


FIRST  VOYAGE 


M 


\  On  Tuesday  the  5th,  in  the  morning,  they  weigh- 
ed anchor,  but  were  stxm  becalmed,  and  a  strong 
current  setting  towards  the  shore,  they  were  driven 
in  with  such  rapidity,  that  they  expected  every  mo- 
iTient  to  run  upon  the  breakers,  which  appeared 
above  water  not  more  than  a  cihle's  length  distance  ; 
they  were  so  near  the  land,  that  Tupia,  who  was 
totally  ignorant  of  the  danger,  held  a  conversation 
with  the  Indians,  who  were  standing  on  the  beach. 
They  were  happily  relieved,  however,  from  this 
alarming  situation  liv  a  fresh  breeze  suddenly  spring- 
ing up  from  the  shrn'e. 

The  bay  which  they  had  left  was  called  the  Baif 
of  hhridiiy  on  account  of  the  numerous  islands  it 
contains;  they  catchcd  bnt  few  fish  while  they  lay 
there,  but  procured  great  plenty  from  the  natives, 
who  are  extremely  expert  at  fishing. 

December  7th,  several  canoes  put  off  and  followed 
the  Endeavour,  but  a  breeze  arising.  Captain  Cook 
did  not  wait  for  them.  On  the  8th,  they  tacked 
and  stood  in  for  the  shore  ;  and  on  the  9th,  came 
to  a  deep  bay,  which  the  Captain  called  Doubtlesa 
Bay.  I'he  wind  prevented  their  puttir.g  in  here. 
They  beat  to  windward  four  days,  and  made  but 
little  way.  On  the  10th,  the  land  appeared  low  and 
barren,  but  was  not  destitute  of  inhabitants ;  the  next 
morning  they  stood  in  with  the  land,  which  forms  a 
peninsula,  and  which  the  Captain  named  Kjitickk 
Foint,  Another  bav,  that  lies  contiguous.  Captain 
Cook  called  Sandy  Bay  ;  in  the  middle  of  it  is  a 
high  mountain,  which  vvas  named  Mount  Camel,  on 
account  of  its  resembltng  that  aoimal.  On  the  16th, 
came  off  the  northern  extremity  of  New  Zealand, 
which  the  Captain  called  North  Cape.  Their 
sit.  r; on  varied  but  little  till  the  24'th,  when  they 
di  jcovjred  land,  which  they  judged  to  be  the  islands 
of  die  Three  Kings,  though  they  did  not  resemble 
the  description  of  them  in  Dairy  mple's  account.  Mr. 
Banks  went  out  in  the  small  boat,  and  caught  some 
birds  that  greatly  resembled  geese,  and  they  "we?e 
very  good  eating*         ^ 


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23  WEST  MAIN  STREET 

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92 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


January  1, 1770»  they  tacked  and  stood  to  «a$t- 
ward,  and  on  the  Sd  they  saw)and  again  ;  it  was 
high  and  flat,  and  trended  away  to  the  smith  <"{»«^ 
beyond  the  reach  of  the  naked  eye.  It  is  remarka^ 
ble,  that  tlie  Endeavour  was  three  w>eeks  in  making 
ten  leagues  to  the  westward.  On  the  morning  of 
the  4th  they  stood  along  the  shore,  the  coast  ap- 
pearing sandy  and  barren-  They  saw  a  sun-fisa^ 
short  and  thick  in  figure,  with  two  large  fins, 
rbut  scarce  any  tail,  resembling  a  shark  in  colour  and 
size. 

On  the  9th  they  saw  a  point  remafkably  hi^  lo 
the  east-north-east ;  the  Captain  named  it  MbetroB^ 
Pointy  on  the  north  side  of  which  a  bay  is  formed 
that  promises  good  anchorage.  At  about  two  leagueg 
distant  from  Albetross  Pdnt  to  the  ndrlh^ast,  they 
discovered  a  remarkable  high  mountain,  equal  !a 
height  to  that  of  Teneriffe,  the  summit  of  whiidh 
twas  covered  with  snow,  ai^  it  was  named  Mmim 
M^mont,  This  da^^  some  very  heavy  sliowers  cC 
>ram  fell,  accompanied  with  thunder  ami  Itghtmng. 
The  Captain  proposed  careenin^the  s^ip  here,  aM 
taking  jn  wood  and  water  ;  and  accordingly,  «n  the 
15th,  steered  fur  an  inlet  Here  they  saw  a  sea- 
lion  ;  it  is  a  very  curious  creature,  and  answers  the 
description  given  of  it  in  Lord  Anson's  Voyage.  In 
passing  ths  point  of  the  bay,  they  observed  an  armed 
sentinel  on  duty,  who  was  twice  relie^^ed  Fowt  ca- 
noe^ii  came  from  shore  to  visit  the  ship,  but  none  of 
tte  Indians  would  venture  on  boa^'d*  except  an  old 
man,  who  seemed  of  elevated  rank ;  he  was  received 
with  the  utmost  hospitality.  The  Captain  and  the 
ether  gentlemen  now  went  on  shore,  where  they 
met  with  plenty  of  wood  and  water,  and  were  very 
successful  in  fishing,  catching  some  hundred  weight 
in  a  short  time. 

On  the  16th,  the  Endeavour's  people  were  engag- 
ed in  careening  her,  when  three  canoes  came  cff 
with  a  great  number  of  Indians,  ami  brought  seve- 
ral of  their  women  with  t^em.  This  circumstance 
was  judged  a  favourable  presage  of  their  peacoa- 


•> 


FIRST  VOYAGE 


9ii 


bte  disposition,  but  they  soon  gave  proofs  of  the  con- 
trary, by  attempting  to  stop  the  long-boat  that  was 
sent  on  shore  for  water,  when  Captain  Cook  had  re- 
course to  the  old  expedient  of  firing  some  shot, 
which  intimidated  them  for  the  present-  Tupia  in 
conversing  with  them,  and  making  many  inquiries 
concerning  the  curiosities  of  New  Zealand,  aske4 
them,  if  they  had  ever  before  seen  a  ship  of  the 
magnitude  of  the  Endeavour  ;  to  which  they  re- 
plied, they  had  never  seen  such  a  vessel,  nor  ever 
heard  that  one  had  been  upon  the  coast.  There  is 
great  plenty  of  fish  in  all  the  coves  of  this  bay  ; 
among  others,  here  are  cuttle-fish,  large  breams, 
small  grey  breams,  small  and  large  baracootas,  fly- 
ing gurnards,  horse-mackeral,  dog-fish,  soles,  dabs, 
muUtts,  drums,  scorpenas,  or  rock-fish,  cole-fish, 
shags,  chimeras,  &c.  The  inhabitants  catch  their 
fish  as  follows  :  their  net  is  cyHndrical,  extended  by 
several  hoops  at  the  bottom,  and  contracted  at  the 
top  ;  the  fish  going  in  to  feed  upon  what  is  put  in  the 
net,  are  caught  in  great  abundance.  There  are  also 
birds  of  various  kinds,  and  in  great  numbers^  parti- 
cularly paiTots,  wood-pigeons,  water-hens,  (lawks, 
and  many  diflferent  singing  birds.  An  herb,  a  spe- 
cies of  JP/iiladt'l/ihus^vi3is  used  here  instead  of  tea  ; 
and  a  plant  called  Teegoomme,  resembling  rug- 
cloaks,  served  the  natives  for  garments.  The  en- 
virons of  the  cove  where  the  Endeavour  lay,  are  co- 
vered entirely  with  wood,  and  supple  jacks  are  so' 
numei*ous,  thatit  is  with  difficulty  passengers  can 
pursue  their  way  ;  here  is  a  numerous  sand-fly  that 
is  very  disagreeable.  The  tops  of  many  of  the  hills 
are  covered  with  fern.  The  air  of  the  country  is 
very  moist,  and  has  some  qualities  that  promote  pu- 
tretaction,  as  birds  that  iiad  been  shot  but  a  few 
hours  were  found  with  maggots  in  them.  They  dis- 
pose of  their  dead  in  a  very  singular  manner  :  they 
tie  a  large  stone  to  the  body,  and  throw  it  into  the 
sea.  1  he  gentlemen  saw  the  body  of  a  woman 
which  had  been  disposed  of  this  way,  but  which  by^ 
some  accident  had  disengaged  itself  from  the  stoor, 

H2 


94 


CAFI AIN  COOK'S 


.floating  upon  the  >vater.  The  Capuin,  Mr  Banks, 
and  the  Doctor  visited  a  cove,  about  tvfo  miles  from 
the  ship.  1  here  ivas  a  family  of  Indians,  ivho 
"Were  greatly  alarmed  at  the  approach  of  the  gentle- 
men, all  running  away  except  one  ;  but  upon  Tu- 
nia's  conversing  with  him,  the  others  returned. 
They  found,  by  the  provisions  of  this  family,  that 
they  were  canibals,  here  being  several  human  bones 
that  had  been  lately  dressed  aiud  picked  ;  and  it  ap- 
peared,  that  a  short  time  before,  six  of  their  enemies 
having  fallen  into  their  hands,  they  had  killed  four, 
^nd eaten  them,  and  that  the  other  two  were  drown- 
^d  in  endeavouring  to  make  their  escape.  They  made 
no  secret  of  this  abominable  custom,  but  answered 
Tupia,  who  was  desired  to  ascertain  the  fact,  with 
great  composui^e,  that  his  conjectures  were  just,  that 
they  were  the  bones  of  a  man,  and  testified  by  signs 
that  they  thought  human  flesh  delicious  food.  Upon 
being  asked,  why  they  had  not  eaten  the  body  of  the 
^voman  that  had  been  seen  floating  upon  the  water; 
they  replied,  she  had  died  of  a  disorder,  and  that 
moreover  she  was  related  to  them,  and  they  never 
^te  an^  but  their  enemies.  Upon  Mr.  Banks*  stiU 
testifying  some  doubts  concerning  the  fact,  one  of 
the  Indians  diew  the  bone  of  a  man's  arm  through 
his  mouth,  and  this  gentleman  had  the  curiosity  to 
bring  it  away  with  him.  There  was  a  woman  in 
this  family  whose  arms  and  legs  were  cut  in  a  shock- 
ing manner,  and  it  appeared  she  had  thus  wounded 
herself,  because  h.er  husband  had  lately  been  killed 
and  eaten  bv  the  enemy. 

Some'of  the  Indians  brought  four  skulls  one  day 
to  sell,  which  they  rated  at  a  very  high  price.  The 
brains  had  been  taken  out,  and  probably  eaten,  but 
the  scalp  and  hair  remained.  They  seemed  to  have 
been  dried  by  Are,  in  order  to  preserve  them  from 
putrefaction.  The  gentlemen  likewise  saw  the 
pail  of  a  canoe,  which  was  made  of  a  human  skuU. 
In  II  word,  their  ideas  were  so  horrid  and  brutal 
"  that  they  seemed  to  pride  themselves  upon  their  era* 
^Uy  Ana  barbarity^  and  took,  a  peculiar  pteaiure  In 


¥ 


FIRST  VOYAGE. 


t*A$> 


Shewing  the  manner  in  which  they  killed  their  ene- 
mies, it  bein^  considered  as  very  meritorious  to  be 
expert  at  this  destruction.  The  method  used  was 
to  knock  them  down  with  their  patoo  patoos,  and 
then  rip  up  their  bellies- 

An  amazing  number  of  birds  usually  began  their 
melody  about  two  o'clock  in  ^:he  mormng,  and  sere- 
naded the  gentlemen  till  itie  time  of  their  rising. 
This  harmony  was  very  agreeable,  as  the  ship  lay 
at  a  convenient  distance  trom  the  shore  to  hear  it. 
These  feathered  choristers,  like  the  English  night- 
mgales,  never  sing  in  the  day  time- 
On  the  20th,  Mr.  Banks  purchased  of  the  old  In- 
dian a  man's  head,  which  he  seemed  very  unwilling 
to  part  with ;  the  skull  had  been  fractured  by  a 
blow,  and  the  brains  were  extracted,  and  like  the 
otners  it  was  preserved  from  putrefaction.  From 
the  care  with  w  hich  they  kept  these  skulls,  and  the 
reluctance  with  which  they  bartered  any,  it  was 
imagined  they  were  considered  as  trophies  of  war, 
and  testimonials  of  their  valour.  Some  of  the  com- 
pany in  their  excursion  met  with  fortifications  that 
had  not  the  advantage  of  an  elevated  situation,  but 
were  surrounded  by  two  or  three  wide  ditchesy  with 
a  draw-bridge,  which,  though  simple  in  its  structure, 
is  capable  of  answering  every  purpose  against  the 
arms  of  the  nativc;s.  Not  only  those  who  are  killed, 
but  the  prisoners  likewise,  are  devoured  by  the  vic- 
tors. From  what  has  been  related  by'  such  lin- 
questionable  authority,  there  can  remain  no  doubt 
with  the  unprejudiced  reader^  that  the  inhabitants 
of  this  part  of  the  globe  are  canibals* 

The  22d  was  employed  by  Mr-  Banks  and  Doctor 
Solander  in  collecting  of  plants-  On  the  24th  they 
visited  a  hippah,  which  was  situated  on  a  very  high 
rock,  hollow  underneath,  forming  «  line  natural 
arch^  fme  side  of  which  joined  to  tne  land,  and  the 
oth«r  rose  out  of  the  sea.  This  hippah  was  partly 
Surrounded  with  a  pallisade.  Here  they  met^ 
with  a  cross  resembling  a  crucifix,  which  was  ^ 
bmamented  wiUi  feathersi  and  wUcb  was  erected 


96 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


as  a  monument  for  f.  deceased  person  \  but  they 
could  not  learn  how  l^is  body  was  disposed  of. 

On  the  25th  the  (  aptain,  Mr.  Banks,  and  Doctor 
Solander  went  on  shore  to  shoot,  when  they  met  with 
a  numerous  family,  who  were  among  the  creeks 
catching  fish.  -They  t>ehaved  very  civily,  and  re- 
ceived some  trifling  presents. 

The  ship's  com  party  were,  on  the  27th  and  128th, 
engaged  in  making  necessary  repairs,  and  getting 
her  ready  for  sea*  The  Captain  went  on  sliore 
again,  ami  erected  another  pyramid  of  stones,  in 
Which  he  put  some  bullets,  beads,  &C'  as  before, 
"With  the  addition  of  a  piece  of  silver  coin,  and 
placed  part  of  an  old  pendant  on  the  top,  to  distin- 
guish it.  Some  of  the  people  who  had  been  sent  ont 
to  gather  celery,  met  with  several  of  the  native?, 
among  whom  were  some  women,  whose  husbands 
had  lately  fallen  into  the  hands  of  the  enemy,  and 
they  were  cutting  many  parts  of  their  body  in  tlv; 
most  shocking  manner  with  sharp  stones,  in  testimo* 
ny  of  their  excessive  grief.  What  made  this  cere* 
mony  appear  ridiculous  as  well  as  shocking,  was, 
that  the  male  Indians,  who  were  with  them,  paid 
not  the  least  attention  to  it,  but  with  the  greatest 
unconcern  imaginable  employed  themselves  in  re- 
pairing son^e  empty  huts  upon  the  spot. 

On  Tuesday  the  30th,  two  posts  were  erected,  in* 
scribed  with  the  ship'jtname,  ^Ct  as  usual  ;  one  was 
placed  at  the  watering-place,  with  the  Union  flag 
upon  it,  and  the  other  in  the  same  manner,  on  tlie 
island  of  Motuara  ;  and  the  inhabitants  being  in- 
formed, that  these  posts  were  meant  as  memorials 
of  the  Endeavour  having  touched  at  this  place,  pro* 
mised  never  to  de*%troy  them.  The  Captain  then 
named  this  inlet  Queen  Charlotte^fi  Sounds  and 
took  possession  of  it  in  the  name,  and  for  the  use  of 
his  Majesty,  and  a  bottle  of  wine  w^s  drank  to  the 

*  Queen's  health. 

Towards  night,  on  the  S  1st,  a  brisk  gale  arose,  at- 

"  tended  with  heavy  showers^  and  the  next  monuDg 


FIHST  VOYAGE. 


97 


became  so  very  tempestuous,  that  the  Endeavour 
had  her  hawser  broke,  and  several  cnsks  of  water 
that  had  been  left  on  shore  were  washed  away  with 
the  rain.  - 

The  2d,  3d,  and  4th  of  February  were  chiefly  spent 
In  preparuig  for  their  departure,  and  purchasing 
£8h  of  the  natives. 

On  the  6th,  in  the  mominr*  the  Endeavour  sailed 
out  of  thebay,  which  the  ship's  company,  from  nn  ab- 
horrence of  the  brutal  custom  that  prevails  here  of 
eating  men,  €^\ed  €anibal  Bay.  The  natives 
about  this  sound  are  not  above  four  htiii(dred  in  num* 
her;  they  are sca^ered  along  the  coast,  and  live 
upon  fern  r^^bt  and  Hsli ;  the  tatter  of  which  was  the 
omy  commodity  tliev  traded  in. 

The  Endeavour  naving  left  the  sound,  steered 
eastward,  and  about  six  oxlock  in  the  evening  th^y 
iftre  greatly  alarifcied  at  their  being  carried,  by  the 
rapidity  of  the  current,  very  close  to  one  of  the  two 
islands  which  lie  off  Cape  Kc]^maroo,at^e  entrance 
c^the  sound.  The  shm  was  in  such  imnr>iTient  dan- 
ger, that  they  expectea,  every  minute,  she  would  be 
dashed  to  pieces ;  but  letting  go  an  anchor,  and 
veering  one  hundred  aiYd  sixty  fathoms  of  cable, 
she  was  brouglht  qp,  when  they  were  not  above  two 
cables'  length  from  the  rocks:  In  this  ntuation  they 
were  obliged  to  wait  fdr  the  ebb  of  the  tide,  which 
was  not  tlTl  after  midnight  At  three  o'clock  in  the 
morning  they  weighed  anchor,  and  a  finebreeaee 
springing  up  soon  after,  they  were  carried  through 
tae  streight  with  great  velocity.  At  the  entrance 
of  the  streight,  on  the  north  side,  there  is  a  small 
island,  which  was  named  Entry  Island- 

On  thfj  8th  they  were  off  Cape  Palliscr,  when 
they  discovered  that  the  land  beared  away  to  the 
north-east  towards  Cape  Turnagain.  Three  ca- 
hoes  came  off  in  the  af  t^noon,  with  several  people 
in  them  ;  they  made  a  good  appearance,  and  their 
canoes  were  ornamented  like  those  of  the  Indians 
of  the  northern  coast*  They  came  on  board  with 
great  alacrity.  One  old  man  was  tataowed  in  a  very 


98 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


remarkable  manner ;  he  was  likewise  marked  with 
a  streak  of  red  paint  across  the  nose,  and  over  both 
<iieeks ;  his  hair  was  quite  white,  as  well  as  his 
beard.  His  garment  was  made  of  flax  with  a 
wrought  border,  under  which  ws^s  a  kind  of  petti- 
coat, made  of  a  cloth  called  Aooree  Waow  ;  his 
ears  were  decorated  with  teeth  and  pieces  of  green 
stone. 

On  the  14th  of  February,  about  sixty  Indians  in 
four  double  canoes,  came  within  a  stone's  cast  of  the 
ship,  which  they  beheld  with  great  surprise.  Tupia 
endeavoured  to  persuade  them  to  approach  near- 
er, which  they  refused,  af\4  made  toward  the  shore, 
:  but  did  not  reach  it  till  after  it  was  dark-  From  the 
behaviour  of  these  people  the  place  from  whence 
they  came  was  called  the  laland  of  JLookerH-on* 
They  had  various  winds  and  seas  till  the  4th  of 
March,  when  they  saw  several  whales  and  seals. 
On  the  9th  they  saw  a  ledge  of  rocks,  and  soon  af- 
terwards another  ledge,  three  leagues  from  the 
shore,  which  they  passed  to  the  ndrth  during  the 
night,  and  discovered  the  others  under  their  bow  at 
day-break.  Thus  they  had  a  narrow  escape  from 
destruction  ;  and  these  ledges  of  rocks  were  deno- 
minated Traps,  from  their  being  adapted  to  entrap 
the  unwary. 

In  the  morning  they  sailed  northward,  and  on  the 
day  following,  discovered  a  barren  rock,  about  a 
mile  in  circumference,  very  high,  and  five  leagues 
from  the  main  land.  This  was  called  Soland£r's 
Island.  On  the  13th  they  discovered  a  l>av,  which 
contains  several  islands,  behind  which,  if  there  be 
depth  of  water,  there  must  be  shelter  from  all 
vinds.  Captain  Cook  called  this  Dusky-^ay,  and 
it  is  remarkable  for  having  five  high  peaked  rocks 
laying  off  it,  which  look  like  the  thumb  and  four  fin- 

fers  of  a  man's  hand  ;   whence  it  was  denominated 
'oiKT  Five  Fingers. 

They  had  now  almost  passed  the  whole  of  the 
north-west  coaat  of  Tovy  Poenammoo;  the  face  of 
the  CQUjitry  afforded  nothing  Avorth  notice*  Imt  a 


FIRST  VOYAGE. 


9Q: 


ri<%c  of  rocks  of  a  stupendous  height*  **  which  Dr. 
Hawkes worth  describes  as  totally  barren  and  naked, 
except  where  they  are  covered  with  snow»  which  is 
1.  seen  in  large  patches  in  many  parts  of  them,  and 
has  probably  lain  there  ever  since  the  creation  of  the 
-world ;  a  prospect  more  rude,  craggy^  And  desolate  ^ 
than  this  country  afibrds  from  the  sea,  cannot  possi- 
bly be  conceived  ;  for  as  far  inland  as  the  eye  can 
reach,  nothing  appears  but  the  summits  of  rocks, ; 
'which  stand  so  hear  together,  that  instead  of  val- 
leys, there  is  only  (insures  between  thert." 

By  the  27th  they  had  sailed  round  the  whole  r 
country,  and"  determined  to  depart  from  the  coast, 
as  soon  as  they  had  taken  in  a  stock  of  water.  For 
this  purpose  the  Captain  went  ashore  in  the  long 
boat,  and  found  ui  excellent  watering  place,  and  a 
proper  birt^  for  the  ship  ;  which  bting  moored,  they 
i)egan  fillinir  tlieir  casks;  while  the  carjjenter  and 
bis  crew  were  employed  in  cutting  wbod.'  A  coun-^ 
cilof  the  officers  was  now  held,  as  to  the  passage 
they  should  take  to  England j  when  it  was  resolved 
to  return  by  the  East-Indies,  and  with  that  view  to 
steer  for  the  east  coast  of  New -Holland,  and  then 
follow  the  direction  of  that  coast  to  the  north- 
ward. 

This  resolution  bdhig  taken,  they  sailed  at  day- 
break, on  Saturday,  March  31,  1770,  and  taking 
their  departure  from  an  eastern  pc^nt,  which  they 
had  seen  on  the  23d,  they  called  it  Cape  Fare- 
"WELL.  The  bay  from  which  they  sailed  was  named 
Admiralty  13at,  and  the  two  Capes  therebf 
Cape  Stephens,  and  Cape  Jackson,  the 
names  of  the  then  secretaries  to  the  board  of  Admi- 
ralty. 

Abel  Jansen  Tasmen,  a  Dutchman,  was  the  first 
European  that  made  a  discovery  of  New  Zea- 
land, to  which  he  gave  the  name  of  Staaten 
Land,  that  is,  the  land  of  the  States  General.  Tas- 
jncn  never  went  on  shore,  as  the  Indians  attacked 
him  seen  afi^r  be  came  tQ  an  anchor,  in  tl^ebay,  t<i 


100 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


^hicUhe  gave  tlie  name  of  Murderers  Bay.   Thb 
ivas  u)  December,  1643. 

The  situation  of  these  islands  is  between  34  and 
48  dt^greLS  of  8outh  latitude,  and  181  and  194  de* 
grees  of  west  longitude.  The  naliTcs  call  the  jiorth.* 
era  island  Eaheinomauwe,  and  the  southernmost  To- 
vy  Pocnammoo. 

Eaheinomauwe,  though  hilly,  and  in  some  places 
mountainous,  is  well  stored  with  wood,  and  there  is  a 
riv  ukt  in  every  vaUey.  The  soil  of  the  valleys  is 
light,  but  is  so  fertile,  as  to  be  well  adapted  for  tho 
plentiful  production  of  all  sorts  of  the  fruits,  plants, 
and  com  of  Europe.  The  summer  is  more  equaUj 
warm,  though  not  hotter  than  in  England  ;  and  it  is 
imagined,  from  the  vegetables  that  were  found*  thiit 
the  winter  is  i>ot  so  severe. 

Dogs  and  rats  are  the  only  quadrupeds  that  were 
seen,andofthelatteronly  avery  few.  The  inhabitants 
ht^ed  tlie  dogs  for  the  sole  purpose  of  eating  them. 
'1  here  ajrc  seals  and  whales  on  the  coast ;  and  they 
once  saw  a  sea-lion.  The  birds  are  hawks,  owls, 
auails;  and  there  are  song-birds,  whose  note  iswon- 
oerfully  meloidious.  The  insects  are  flesh-flies,  bee- 

s,  butterflies,  sand-flies,  and  musquitoes. 

i  ovy  Poenammoo  appears  to  be  a  barren  coun- 
try, is  very  mountainous,  and  almost  destitute  of  in- 
habitants- 

The  sea  which  washes  these  islands  abounds  with 
flsh,  which  are  equally  delicate  aud  wholesome  food. 
Thi-y  seldom  came  to  anchor  but  they  catched 
enougk  with  hook  and  line  only,  to  supply  the  whole 
ship's  crew  ;  and,  when  they  nshed  with  nets,  every 
mess  in  the  ship,  except  those  who  were  too  indo* 
lent,  salted  as  much  as  supplied  them  when  at 
sea  for  several  weeks  after. 

This  country  abounds  with  forests.  Riled  widll 
Very  large,  straight,  and  clean  timber.  Upwards  ci 
four  hundred  species  of  plants  were,  found,  aUb  of 
v/hich  are  unknown  in  England,  except  g^dea 
night-shade,  sow-thistle,  two  or  three  kinds  cJ  fem^ 
md  one  or  two  sorts  of  gras?,  Th^xe  is  o/ily  one  ah|t}b 


FIRST  VOYAGE. 


101 


OP  tree  in  thi«  country  ivhich  produces  fruit,  and  that 
is  a  kind  of  berry  almost  taMeless ;  but  they  have 
a  plant  which  ^iswers  all  the  uses  of  hcrop  and 
flax,  Thert  are  two  kinds  of  thi!^  jplant,  the  leaves 
of  one  of  which  are  yellow*  and  the  other  a  deep  red, 
and  both  of  them  resemble  the  leaves  ot  flags.  Of 
these  leaves  they  make  lines  and  cordage,  and 
['stronger  than  any  thing  of  the  kind  in  Europe. 

The  men  of  this  country  are  as  large  as  the  larg* 
est  Europeans*  Their  compkxion  is  brown,  but 
little  more  so  than  that  of^  a  Spaniard  They  are 
fuU  of  flesh,  but  not  lazy  and  luxurious ;  and  are 
stout  and  well-shaped.  Tlie  women  possess  not 
that  delicacy  which  distinguishes  the  European  la- 
dies; but  their  voice  is  singularly  soft,  which,  as  the 
dress  of  both  sexes  is  similn^r*  chiefly  distinguishes 
them  from  the  men.  They  have  neither  blatk  cat- 
tle, sheep»  hc^s,  nor  goats ;  so  that  their  chief  food 
being  fish,  and  that  not  at  all  times  to  be  obtained* 
they  are  in  dagger  of  dying  through  hunger  They 
have  a  few,  and  but  a  rery  tew  dogs  ;  and  when  no 
fish  is  to  be  got,  they  have  only  vegetables,  such  as 
yams  and  potatoes,  to  feed  on;  and  if  by  any  acci- 
dent these  fail  them,  their  situation  must  be  deplo* 
rable.  This  will  account  for  their  shockmg  custom 
of  eating  the  bodies  that  are  slain  in  battle  ;  for  he 
who  fights  through  mere  hunger*  will  not  scruple  to 
eat  the  adversary  he  has  killed. 

The  inhabitants  of  New  Zealand  are  as  modest 
and  reserved  in  their  behaviour  and  conversation  as 
the  most  polite  nations  of  Europe.  The  women  in- 
deed were  not  dead  to  the  softer  impressions  ;  but 
their, mode  of  consent  was,  in  tlieir  idea,  as  harmless 
as  tlie  consent  to  marriage  with  us,  and  equally 
binding  for  the  stipulated  time.  If  any  of  the  Eng- 
lish a&ressed  one  of  their  women,  he  was  informed, 
that  the  consent  of  her  friends  must  be  obtainedf : 
which  usually  followed  on.  his  making  a  present! 
This  donef  he  was  obliged  to  treat  his  temporary 
wife  at  least  as  deKcately  as  we  do  in  England.  A 
gentleman  who  sailed  in   the  Endeavour,  having 

VOL*  I  I  .         ^ 


302 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


addressed  ft  family  of  some  rank,  received  an  An- 
swer, of  which  the  foUowinii;  is  an  exact  translation 
"  Any  of  these  young  ladies  will  thi|ik  them- 
selves honoured  by  your  addresses,  but  you  must 
first  make  me  a  suitable  present,  and  you  must 
then  come  and  sleep  with  ub  on  shore,  for  day-light 
must  by  no  means  be  a  witness  of  what  passes  be- 
tween ydu." 

These  Indians  anoint  their  hair  with  oil,  melted 
from  the  fat  of  fish  or  birds*  B(Ah  sexes,  but  the 
men  more  than  the  women,  mark  thf-  ir  bodies  with 
black  stains,  called  Amoco- ^  Exclusive  of  the  amo- 
CO,  tliey  mark  themselves  with  furrows.  These  fur- 
rows make  a  hideous  appearance,  the  edges  being 
indented,  and  the  whole  quite  black.  The  paintings 
on  tlieir  bodies  resemble  f.llagree  work,  and  the  fo- 
liage in  old  chased  ornaments;  but  no  two  are 
painted  exactly  after  the  same  model.  The  people 
of  New  Zealand  frequently  left  the  breech  free 
from  these  marks,  which  the  inhabitants  of  Otahcite 
adorned  beyond  any  other. 

Their  dress  is  formed  of  the  leaves  of  the  flag 
^lit  into  slips,  which  are  interwoven,  and  made  in- 
to a  kind  of  matting,  the  ends,  which  are  seven  or 
eight  inches  in  length,  hanging  out  on  the  upper  side. 
One  piece  of  this  matting  being  tied  over  tne  shoul- 
ders, reaches  to  the  knt^es  ;  the  other  piece  being 
wrapped  round  the  waist,  falls  almost  to  the  ground. 

The  women  never  tie  their  hair  on  the  top  of  their 
head,  nor  adorn  it  with  feathers ;  and  are  less  anx- 
ious about  dress  than  the  men.  Their  lower  gar- 
ment is  bound  tight  round  them,  except  when  they 
go  a  fishing,  and  then  they  are  careful  that  ^e  men 
shall  not  see  them. 

I'he  ears  of  both  sexes  are  bored,  and  the  holes 
stretched  so  as  to  admit  a  man's  finger.  The  orna- 
ments of  their  ears  are  feathers,  cloth,  bones,  and 
sometimes  bits  of  wood.  They  likewise  hung  to 
their  ears  by  strings,  chisels,  bodkins,  the  teeth  of 
dogs,  and  the  teeth  and  nails  of  their  deceased 
friends.    The  men  we«r  a  piece  of  green  talc,  or 


■# 


FIRST  VOYAGE. 


•  103 


whalebone,  >vith  the  resemblance  of  a  man  carved 
on  it,  hanging  to  a  string  round  the  neck.    They 
saw  one  man  who  had  the  gristle  of  his  nqi^e  perforat- 
ed, and  V  feather  being  passed  through  it,   pro- . 
jected  over  each  clieek. 

These  people  shew  less  ingenuity  in  the  struc- 
ture of  tlieir  houses,  than  in  any  thing  else  belonging 
to  them  ;  they  are  from  sixteen  to  twenty-four  tcet 
long,  ten  or  twelve  wide,  and  six  or  eight  in  height. 
The  frame  is  of  slight  sticks  of  wood,  and  the  walls 
and  roof  are  made  of  dry  grass  pretiy  firmly  com- 
pacted. Someof  them  are  lined  with  the  bark  of 
trees,  and  the  ridge  of  the  house  is  formed  by  a  pole, 
which  runs  from  one  end  to  the  other.  The  door 
Is  only  high  enough  to  admit  a  person  crawling  on 
hands  and  knees,  and  the  root  k-  sloping*  There  is 
a  square  hole  near  the  door,  serving  both  for  window 
and  chimney,  near  which  is  the  fire-place. 

Some  who  can  afford  it,  and  whose  ^milies  are 
large,  have  three  or  four  houses  inclosed  within  a 
court-yard.  Their  clothes,  arms,  feathers,  some 
ill-made  tools,  and  a  chest,  in  which  ^all  these  are 
deposited,  form  all  the  furniture  of  the*  inside  of  the 
house.  Their  hammers  to  beat  fern- root,  gourds  to 
hold  water,  and  basktfts  to  contain  provisions,  are 
placed  without  tl\e  house. 

The  canoes  of  this  country  are  not  unlike  the 
whale-boats  of  New-Ejigland,  being  long  and  nar- 
row. The  larger  sort  seem  to  be  built  for  war,  and 
will  hojd  from  thirty  to  on&^Uundred  men.  One  of 
these  at  Tolaga  measured  near  seventy  feet  in 
length,  six  in  width,  and  four  in  depth.  It  was 
sharp  at  the  bottom,  and  consisted  of  three 
lengths,  about  two  or  three  inches  thick,  and  tied 
firmly  together  with  strong  plaiting  ;  each  side  was 
formed  of  one  entire  plank,  about  twelve  inches 
broad,  an4  about  an  inch  and  a  halt  thick,  which 
were  fitted  to  the  bottom  part  with  equal  strength 
and  ingenuity.  Several  thwarts  were  laid  from 
one  side  to  the  other,  to  which  they  were  securely 
fastene4i  in  order  to  strengthen  the  whole* 


104 


CAPTAIN  taOOK'S 


"  These  vcsselJj  are  rowed  with  a  kind  of  |>acld1e^ 
between  five  aiMl  six  feet  in  length,  the  blade  <i 
which  is  si«  long  oval,  gradually  decreasing  trll  it 
reachco  the  handle  ;  ana  the  velocity  with  which 
they  row  with  these  paddles  is  r«ally  surprising. 
The  vessels  are  steered  by  two  or  en,  having  each  a 
paddle,  and  sitting  In  the  stern;  but  they  can  only 
sail  before  the  wind,  in  which  direction  they  move 
with  considerable  swiftness. 

I'hese  f  ndians  use  axes,  ad^es,  and  chisels,  with 
which  last  they  likewi^  bore  holes.  The  chisels 
arc  made  of  jasper,  or  of  the  bone  of  a  man*s  arm; 
and  their  axes  and  adzes  of  a  hard  black  stone. 
They  use  their  small  jasper  tools  tilt  they  are  blunt- 
ed, and  then  throw  them  away,  having  no  instru- 
iirent  to  sharpen  them  with. 

Their  warlike  weapons  are  spears,  darts,  battle- 
axes,  and  die  patoo-patoa  Th6  spear,  which  is 
pointed  at  each  end,  is  about  sixteen  feet  iii  lengthy 
and  they  hold  it  in  the  middle,  so  that  it  is  difficult 
to  parry  a  push  from  it.  Whether  they  fight  in 
boats  or  on  shore,  the  battle  is  hand  to  hand,  so  that 
they  must  make  bloody  work  of  it 

When  they  came  to  attack  the  English,  there 
-^as  usually  one  or  more  thus  distinguished  in  each 
canoe.*  It  was  their  custom  to  stop,  at  about  fifty  or 
sixty  yards  distance  from  the  ship,  when  the  com- 
manding officer  arising  from  his  seat,  and  putting 
ton  a  garment  of  dog's  skin,  used  to  direct  them  how 
to  proceed.  When  they  were  too  far  from  the  ship 
to  reach  it  either  with  stone  or  lance,  they  cried  out, 
ffaromaiy  haromaU  harte  uta  a  fiatoo  fiatoo  oge-^ 
•*  Come  to  us,  come  on  sliore,  and  we  will  kill  you  all 
"With  our  patoo  patoos."  During  those  menaces 
they  approached  the  ship,  till  they  came  along-side, 
talking  peaceably  at  intervals,  and  answering  what- 
ever (fuestions  they  were  a*ked.  Then  again  their 
threats  were  renewed^  till,  imagining  the  sailors 
<<were  afraid  of  them,  they  began  the  war  song  and 
tjance,  and  threw  stones  on  board  the  ship. 

Iq  the  war-'dance  their  motions  ure  d'  nnerjuSj 


FIRST  VOYAGE. 


105 


their  iimbs  are  distorted,  and  their  faces  arc  agitat-^ 
ed.  Their  tongue  hangs  out  of  their  mouths  to  a 
vast  length,  and  their  eye-lids  are  ^raivn  so  as  to 
form  a  circle  round  the  eye  ;  they  shake  their  darts# 
brandish  their  spears,  and  ivave  their  patoo-patoos 
to  and  fro  in  the  air.  They  acconnpany  this  dance 
>vith  a  song,  which  is  sung  in  concert ;  every  strain 
ending  witli  a  loud  and  deep  sigh.  There  is  an  ac* 
tivity  and  vigour  in  their  dancing,  which  is  truly  ad- 
mirable;  and  their  idea  of  keeping  tiane  in  music  is 
such,  that  sixty  or  eighty  paddles  will  strike  at  once 
againstthcbidesof  their  boats,  and  make  only  onp 
report. 

With  regard  to  religion,  they  acknowledge  one 
superior  being,  and  several  subordinate*  Their 
mode  of  worsuip  could  not  be  learned,  nor  was 
any  place  proper  for  that  purpose  seen. 

A  great  similitude  was  observed  between  the 
dress,  furniture,  boats  and  nets  of  the  New-Zealandr 
et  s,  and  those  of  the  inhabitants  of  the  South-sea 
islands,  which  furnished  a  strong  proof,  that  the 
common  ancestors  of  both  wei*e  natives  of  the  same 
country.  Indeed  the  inhabitants  of  these  different 
places  have  a  tradition,  that  their  ancestors  migrat- 
ed from  another  country  many  ages  since :  and  they 
both  agree  that  this  country  was  called  HeXwigi;, 
But  perhaps  a  yet  stronger  proof  that  their  origin 
was  the  same,  will  arise  from  the  similitude  of  theiy 
language,  of  which  the  following  is  a  specimen : 

New-Zealand.       Otaheite. 
Whahine, 
Taata, 
Mata, 
Ahewh, 
Faparinga, 
Ateraboo, 
Apeto,         / 
Heromai, 

They  sailed  from  Cape  Farewell  on  the   31st  of 
I4^cbi  1770^  a&d  had  me  weather  and  a  foir  wint} 

I? 


Aheine, 

ji  woman. 

Tata, 

JHeofile- 

Matau, 

The  eyes. 

Eahoo, 

The  nose. 

Paparea, 
Eoboo, 

The  cheeks* 

The  belly.. 

Pito, 

The  navel. 

Harre  mai, 

Come  hither- 

106 


CAPTAIN  eOOK'S 


fill  the  9th  of  April,  ^lien  thejr  saw  a  tropic-bird. 
On  the  15th  they  saw  an  egg-bird  and  a  gannct ; 
and  on  the  day  following  a  small  land-bird  perched 
6n  the  riggmg,  from  which  they  concluded  they 
■were  near  land ;  but  they  found  no  ground  with 
130  fathom-  Al  six  o'clock  in  the  morning  of  the 
19th,  they  discovered  land  four  or  five  leagues  dis- 
tant ;  the  southernmost  part  of  which  was  called 
Point  Hicks,  in  compliment  to  Mr.  Hicks,  the 
first  Lieutenant,  who  made  the  discovery  of  it.  At 
noon  thev  discovered  another  point  of  the  same 
land,  vising  in  a  round  hillock,  extremely  like  the 
Ram-Head  at  the  entrance  of  Plymouth  Sound,  for 
which  reason  Captain  Cook  gave  it  the  same  name. 
What  they  had  yet  seen  of  the  land  was  bw  and 
e\'en,  and  the  inland  parts  were  green  and  covered 
with  wood.  They  now  saw  three  water-spouts  at 
the  same  time,  one  of  which  continued  a  quarter  of 
an  hour.  On  Sunday  the  22d  they  were  so  near  the 
shore,  as  to  see  several  of  the  inhabitants  on  the 
coast,  who  were  of  a  very  dark  complexion,  if  not 
perfect  negroes. 

On  the  2rth  they  saw  several  of  the  inhtibitants 
walking  along  the  shore,  four  of  them  carrying  a 
canoe  on  their  shoulders ;  but  as  they  did  not  at- 
tempt coming  off  to  the  ship,  the  Captain  took 
Messrs.  Banks  and  Solander  and  Tupiaintheyawl, 
and  employed  four  men  to  row  them  to  that  part  of 
the  shore  where  the  natives  appeared,  near  which 
four  small  canoes  laid  close  in-land*  The  Indians 
sat  on  the  rocks  till  the  yawl  was  within  a  quarter 
of  a  mile  of  the  shore,  and  then  ran  away  into  the 
woods.  The  surf  beating  violently  on  the  beach, 
l)revented  the  boat  from  landing. 

At  five  in  the  evening  they  returned  to  the  ship, 
and  a  light  breeze  springing  up,  they  sailed  to  the 
northward,  where  they  discovered  several  people  on  * 
shore.  They  brandished  their  weapons,  and  threw 
themselves  into  threatening  attitudes.  The  bodies, 
thighs,  and  legs  of  two  of  these  wei^  painted  with 
white  streakB,  and  their  faces  \f ere  «lmo9t  covered 


FIRST  VOYAGE. 


tor 


with  a  white  powder.  They  talked  to  each  other 
with  great  emotion,  and  each  of  them  held  a  kind 
of  cimeter  in  his  hand. 

Tliey  anchored  opposite  a  village  of  about  eight 
houses,  and  observed  an  old  woman  and  three 
childrencomeoutof  a  wood » laden  wtrh  fuel  for  ^ 
fire  :  all  of  them,  as  well  as  the  woman,  were  quiet 
haked*  The  old  woman  frequently  looked  at  the 
ship  with  the  utmost  indiffercr.ee,  and,  as  soon  as 
she  had  made  a  fire,  they  set  about  dressing  their 
dinner  with  as  much  composure,  as  if  a  ship  had 
been  no  extraordinary  sight 

Having  formed  a  design  of  landing,  they  tjnanned 
the  boats^  and  took  Tupia   with    them  ;    and  thej)^ 
had  no  sooner  come  near  the  shor^,  than  two  men 
advanced,  as  if  to  dispute  their  setting  foot  on  land. 
The  captain  threvv  tnem  bisads,  nails,  and  other  trir 
fies,  which  they  took  up,  and  seemed  to  be  delight- 
ed with.    He  then  made  signs  that  he  wanted  water, 
and  used  every  possible  n)eans  to  convince  them 
that  na  injury  was   intended.     They  now  made 
signs  to  the  boat's  crew  to  land,  on  which  they   put 
the  boat  in ;  but  they  had  no  sooner  done  so,  than 
tht  two  Indians  caii»e  again  to  oppose  them.    A 
musket  was  noW  fired  between  them,  on  the  report 
of  which  one  of  them  dropt  a  bundle  of  lances,  wnich 
he  instantly  snatcned  up  again  in  great 'haste-    One 
of  them  then  threw  a  stone  at  the  boat,  on  which  the 
Captain  ordered  a  musket  loaded  with  small  shot  to 
be  tired,  which  wounding  the  eldest  of  them  on  the 
legs,  he  retired  hastily  to  one  of  their  houses,  which 
stood  at  some  little  distance.      The  people  in  the 
boats  now  landed,  imagining  that  the  wound  which 
this  rtian  had  received  would  put  an  end  to  the 
contest;  in  this,  however,  they  were  mistaken,  tor 
he  immeiliately  returned  with  a  kind  of  shieldiof 
an  oval  figure,  painted  white  in  the   middle,  with 
two  holes  cut  in  it  to  see  through.    They  now  ad- 
vanced with  great  intrepi<lity,  and  both  discharged 
their  lances  at  the  boat's  cr:w,  but  did  not  wound 
^ay  of  theiE.    Aiiother  musket  was  «ow  fired  ^ 


108 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


then),  on  which  they  threw  another  lance,  and  tliea 
took  to  then*  heels.  The  crew  now  went  up  to  the 
huts,  in  oQe  of  which  they  found  the  children,  who 
Jhad  secreted  themselves  behind  some  bark.  They 
looked  at  them,  but  left  them  without  th^ir  knowing 
they  had  been  seen  ;  and  having  thrown  some  pieces 
of  cloth,  ribands,  beads,  and  other  th\n%^  into  the 
hut,  they  took  several  of  their  lanceSf  and  re-embark- 
cdin  the  boat 

They  now  sailed  to  the  north  point  of  the  bay, 
■where  they  found  a  plenty  of  fresh  water.  On  tak- 
ing a  view  of  the  hut  where  they  had  seen  the 
children,  they  had  the  mortification  to  find  th^t  ev. 
cry  Indian  was  fled,  and  that  they  had  l^ft  all  the 
presents  behind  them.  Some  men  having  been  sent 
to  get  wood  and  water,  they  no  siooner  came  on 
board  to  dinner,  than  the  natives  come  down  to  the 
place,  and  examined  the  casks  with  great  atten- 
tion, but  did  not  offer  to  remove  them*  in  the  even- 
ing, Messrs.  Banks  and  Solandtr  went  wiia  the 
Captain  to  a  cove  north  of  the  bay,  where  they 
catched  between  three  and  four  hundred  weight  of 
iish  in  four  hauls. 

On  Tuesday,  May  the  1st,  the  south  point  of  the 
bay  was  named  Sutherland  Point,  one  of  the 
seamen,  of  the  name  of  Sutherland,  having  died  that 
day,  and  been  buried  on  shore*  This  day  Messrs. 
Banks,  Solander,  the  Captain,  and  a  few  other  gen- 
tlemen, went  on  shore,  and  left  more  presents  in  the 
huts,  such  ^s  looking-glasses,  combs,  dec.  but  the 
former  ones  had  not  been  taken  away.  They  saw 
the  dung  of  an  animal  which  fed  on  grass,  and  trac« 
ed  the  footsteps  of  another*  which  had  claws  like 
a  dog,  and  was  probably  about  the  size  of  a  wolf: 
they  discovered  the  track  of  a  small  animal,  whose 
foot  was  like  that  of  apolercat  :  and  iiaw  •one  ani- 
:paal  alive,  about  the  size  of  a  rabbit. 

The  f,econd  Lieutenant,  Mr.  Gore,  having  been 
•^ith  a  boat  to  dredge  for  oysters,  saw  some  Indians, 
who  made  signs  for  him  to  come  on  shore,  which  he 


FIRST  VOYAGE. 


109 


boat  away,  and  went  by  land  with  a  midshipman, 
tojoin  the  party  that  was  getting  water.  In  their 
vray  they  met  with  niore  than  tNventy  of  the  natives, 
who  followed  them  so  close,  as  to  come  within  a  few 
yards  of  them.  Mr.  Gore  stopped  and  faced  them  ; 
on  which  the  Indians  stopped  also,  and  when  he 
proceeded  again  they  followed  him  ;  but  they  did 
not  attack  him,  thouvi;h  they  had  each  man  his 
lance.  The  Indians  coming  in  sight  of  the  water- 
ers,  stood  still  at  the  distance  of  a  quarter  of  a  mile, 
while  Mr-  Gore  and  his  companions  reached  their 
shipmates  in  safety. 

Tupia  having  learnt  to  shoot,  frequently  strayed 
alone  to  shoot  parrots ;  and  the  Indians  constantly 
fled  from  him  with  as  much  precipitation  ai  from 
the  English.  On  the  3d  of  May,  fourteen  or  fifteen 
Indians,  in  the  same  number  of  cantves,  were  engag- 
ed in  striking  fish  within  half  a  mile  from  the  wa- 
tering-place^ 

They  now  returned  to  their  boat,  and  seeing  a 
fire  at  a  distance,  rowed  towards  it,  and  the  Indians 
fled  at  their  approach.  Near  the  beach  they  found 
s^ven  canoes,  and  as  many  fires,  from  whence  they 
judged  that  each  fisherman  had  dressed  his  own 
dinner.  There  were  oysters  lying  qn  the  spot,  and 
some  muscles  roasting  on  the  fire.  They  ajte  of 
these  fish,  and  left  them  some  beads  and  other  tri- 
fles in  return*    They  now  returned  to  the  ship. 

They  fished  with  great  success  this  day,  and  the 
second  Lieutenant  struck  what  is  called  the  sting^ray, 
which  weighed  near  two  hundred  and  fifty  pounds. 
The  next  morning  a  fish  of  the  same  kind  was  catch* 
ed,  which  weij^hed  three  hundred  and  fifty  pounds. 

Whik  Captain  Cook  remained  in  the  narbour, 
the  English  colours  \f  ere  displayed  cx\  shore,  daily, 
and  the  name  of  the  ship,  with  the  date  of  the  year, 
was  carved  on  a  tree  near  the  place  where  they  took 
5n  their  water. 

They  sa^iled  from  Botany  Bay,  on  the  6th  of 
May,  1770 :  at  noon  were  off  a  harbour  which  they 
called  PoBT  jACKsOiV,  and  in  thr  ivening,  near  a 


no 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


/bay,  to  which  they  gave  the  name  of  Broken 
Bay. 

On  Sunday  the  Idth  they  saw  the  smoke  of  many 
fires  on  a  point  of  land,  which  was  therefore  called 
Smoky  Cape*  As  they  proceeded  northward 
from  Botany  Bay,  the  land  appeared  high  and 
well  covered  with  wood.  On  Tuesday  morning,  by 
.  the  assistance  of  their  glasses,  they  discovered 
about  a  score  of  the  Indians,  each  loaded  with  a  bun- 
dle, which  they  imagined  to  be  palm-leaves  to 
tliatch  their  houses*  At  noon  the  Captain  discov* 
ered  a  high  point  of  land,  which,  he  called  Cap£ 
Byron.  '    ' 

They  had,  for  some  days  past,  seen  the  sea-birds, 
called  boohies,  none  of  which  they  had  met  with  be- 
'fore  ;  and  which,  from  half  an  hour  before  sun-ris- 
ing, to  half  an  hour  after,  were  continually  passing 
the  ship  in  large  flights  ;  from  which  it  was  conjec- 
tured, that  there  was  a  river,  or  inlet  of  shallow  wa- 
ter to  the  southward,  where  they  went  to  feed  in  the 
day,  returning  in  the  evening  to  some  islands  to  the 
northward.  In  honour  of  Captain  Hervey,  this  was 
called  Hervey's  Bay. 

The  Captain  and  Tupia,  with  a  party,  went  on 
shore  the  23d.  They  landed  a  little  within  the 
'  point  of  bay,  which  led  into  a  large  lagoon,  by  the 
sides  of  which  grows  the  true  mangrove,  as  it  also 
does  on  some  bo^  and  swamps  of  salt  water  which 
they  discovered.  There  were  many  nests  of  a  sin- 
gular kind  of  ant,  as  green  as  grass,  in  the  branche^i 
of  these  mangroves.  When  the  branches  were 
.disturbed,  they  came  forth  in  great  nunibers,  and 
bit  the  disturber  most  severely.  These  ti*ees  like- 
wise afforded  shelter  for  immense  numbers^of  green 
caterpillers  ;  their  bodies  wei^  covered  with  hairs, 
which,  on  the  touch,  gave  ^pain  similar  to  the  sting 
of  a  nettle,  but  much  more  acute.  These  insects 
ranged  themselves  side  by  side  on  the  leaves,  thirty 
or  forty  together,  in  a  very  regular  manner.  They 
saw  among  the  sand  b^nks,.  many  birds  larger  than 
awans,  which  they^imaginec)  were  pelicans ;  and 


FraST  VOYAGE* 


111 


ihey  shot  at  a  kind  of  bustard,  which  weighed  seven-* 
[teen  pounds.    This  h\td  proved  vei  '  delicate,  food,  - 
and  %2tye  name  to  the  place,  which  was  called  Bus- 
tard Bay.    They  likewise  shot  a  duck  of  a  most  v 
beautiful  plumage^  with  a  white  beak.    They  found 
I  vast  numbers  of  oysters  of  various  sorts,  and,  among 
1  the  rest,  some  hammer  oysters  of  a  curious  kind.  ; 
While  the  gerttlemen  were  in  the  woods,  several  of  • . 
the  natives  come  down  and  took  a  survey  of  the  ship,  * 
and  then  departed*    They  sailed  the  next  morning,  ^ 
and  on  the  day  following  were  abreast  (f  a  point, ' 
which  lying  immediately  under  the  tropic,  the  Cap-  '■ 
tain  called  Cape  Capricorn,  on  the  west  side  of  ' 
which  they  saw  an  amazing  number^ of  large  birds  - 
resembling  the  pelican,  some  of  which  were  near  ^ 
five  feet  high. 

On  the  27th,  in  the  morning,  they  sailed  to  the 
northward,  and  to  the  northernmost  point  of  land  ' 
the  Captain  gave  the  name  of  Cape  Manifold^  ' 
from  the  number  of  high  hills  appearing  above  it* 
Between  this  cape  and  the  shore  ia  a  bay  called' 
Keppej.'s  Bay,  and  some  Islands  bearing  the  name  ' 
of  the  sanve  gentleman.  In  this  place  the  captain  \ii^  ' 
tended  to  lay  the  ship  ashore,  and  clean  her  Bottom  ;  ' 
and  accordingly  landed,  in  search  of  a  proper  place  I 
for  the  purpose.  *^, 

In  this  excursion  Messrs.  Banks  and  Solander  aCt-^"^ 
tended  Captain  Cook.    They  found  walking*  ex- 
tremely inconimodious,  the  ground    being  covered' ' 
with  grass,  the  seeds  of  which  were  sharp,  and  beard-  ^ 
ed,  so  that  they  were  continually  sticking  inthci)p  ' 
clothes,  whence  they  worked  forwards  to  the  flesh,  ^ 
by  means  of  the  beard.    1  hey  were  likewise  tor-  * 
niented  with  a  perpetual  stinging  of  musquitoes.    In 
the  interior  parts  of  the  country  they  tound  gum- 
trees,  on  the  branches  of  which  were  white  ants'  nests 
formed  of  clay,  as  big  as  a  bushel-    On  another  tree 
they  found  black  ants,  which  formed  their  lodging    • 
in  the  body  of  it,  after  they  had  eaten  awa5r-  the  ** 
pith  ;  yet  the  trees  were  in  a  flourishing  condition*  »' 
They  found  butterflies  itt^uchlicred«bl€  nu^^ere^  * 


H3 


CAPTAIN  COOKS 


that  whatever  way  they  looked,in?ny  thousands  were 
to  be  seen  in  tive.  9ir ;  while  every  hough  and  twig 
-was  covered  ^Hh  ii;itv.ltitttde9.  'ihey  ul^ewise  dis- 
coveijcdon  dry  ground,  where  i^was  supposed  U> 
have  heen  left  by  the  tide^  a  fish  about  the  size  of  a 
minnow,  having  ^wo  strong  breast  finst  with  which  it 
leaped  away  as  njimble  as  a  frog :  it  did  not  appear  to 
be  weakened  by  being  out  of  water,  nor  even  to  pre- 
fer that  elemeat  to  the  land ;  for  when  seen  iu  the 
"Water  it  leaped  on  shore»  and  pursued  its  wajr.  It 
"wa^-  likewise  reniarked,  that  where  there  were 
small  stones  projecting  above  the  water,  it  chose  ra- 
ther to  leap  froip  one  stone  to  another  than  to 
swim.  There  was  no  good  water  to  he  found  here, 
therefore  they  did  not  lay  the  ship  ashore  as  they 
intended. 

On  Tuesday,  they  saw  very  large  Columns  of 
si9oke  rising  from  the  low  lands.-  This  day  they 
gave  name  to  Ci^kaveland  Bay,  the  east  point  of 
which  was  called  Cape  Cleavelano,  and  the 
ivest  Magnetical  Isle,  because  the  compass 
did  not  traverse  well  when  tliey  were  near  it.  Hence 
they  ranged  m)^th^ya^d  aloqg  the  shore,  towards  a 
cluster  o(  islands,  on  one  of  which  about  forty  men, 
"Women,  and  children  were  strinding  together,  and 
lookmg  at  the '  ship  with  a  curiosity  never  observed 
among  these  people  before.  Here  Messrs.  Banks 
ancl-Solander  went  on  shore  with  the  Captain,  whose 
ci^i^;view  was  to  procure  water,  which  not  being  easi- 
ly to  be^ot^  they  soon  retiinied  on  board,  and  the 
next  day  arrived  near  Trin^ity  Bay,  which  was 
^  Galled  bfecause  it  was  discovered  on  Trknty  Sun- 
day. 

As  no  acJtIdent  temarkably  unfortnnatehad  befal' 
len  our  adventurers,  during  a  navigation  of  more 
than  thirteen  hnnd^*ed  miles,  upon  a  coast  every 
vrhere  abounding  W[ith  the  most  dangerous  rocks 
and  shoals ;  no  name  expres^ve  of  distress  had 
hitherto  been  given  to  any  cape  or  point  of  land 
-which  th^y  had  seen.  Biit  ^y  now  gave  the  name- 
^Cap«  TaiBVLATipi^  t$A|)oint  whicb^they  had 


FIRST  VOYAGE. 


113 


just  discovered,  as  they  here  became  acquainted 
with  misfortune.  ^ 

This  cape  is  sixteen  degrees  six  mhiutes  south 
latitude,  and  214  degrees  39  minutes  ^est  longitude^ 

To  avoid  the  danger  of  some  rocks,  they  shortened 
siiil,  and  kept  standirtg  off  from  six  o'clock  in  the 
evening  till  near  nine,  with  a  fine  breeze  and  brigfht 
moon.  They  had  got  fi*om  fourteen  into  twenty-on6 
fathom  water ;  when  suddenly  they  fell  into  twelve, 
ten,  and  eight  fathom  in  a  few  minutes.  Every  man 
was  instantly  ordered  to  his  station,  and  they  were 
on  the  point  of  anchoring,  when,  on  a  sudden,  they 
had  again  deep  water,  so  that  they  thought  all  dan*- 
{rer  was  at  an  end,  concluding  they  had  sailed  over 
the  tail  of  some  shoals  which  they  had  seen  in  the 
evening.  They  had  twenty  fathom  and  upwards  be- 
fore ten  o'clock,  and  this  depth  continuing  som6 
time,  the  gentlemen,  who  had  hitherto  been  upon 
deck,  retired  to  rest ;  but  in  less  than  an  hour  the 
water  shallowed  at  once  from  twenty  to  seventeen 
fathom,  and  before  soundings  could  be  again  taken, 
the  sliip  struck  against  ^  rock,  and  remained  fixed^ 
but  from  the  motion  given  her  from  the  beating  of 
the  surge.  Every  one  was  instantly  on  deck,  with 
countenances  fully  expressive  of  the  agitation  of 
their  minds.  As  they  knew  they  were  not  near  th^ 
shore,  they  concluded  they  had  struck  against  a  rock 
of  coral,  the  points  of  which  being  sharp^  and  th« 
surface  so  rough,  as  to  grind  away  whatever  is  rub* 
bed  against  it,  though  with  a  gentle  motion,  thef 
had  reason  to  dread  the  horror  of  their  situa-* 
tion ! 

The  sails  being  taken  in,  and  boats  hoisted  out  to 
examine  the  depth  of  water,  they  found  that  the 
rhip  had  been  carried  over  a  ledge  of  tlie  rock,  av^ 
lay  in  a  hollow  \Yithin  it.  Finding  that  the  water  waft 
deepest  eastern,  they  carried  out  the  anchor  from 
the  starboard  quarter,  and  applied  their  whole  force 
to  the  eapsCem,  in  hopes  to  get  the  vessel  off,  but  ia 
vain.  She  beat  so  violently  against  the  rock,  that 
the  crew  could  scarcely  keep  on  their  legs.    The 

VvJLj.  \f  Ik 


114 


CAPTAIN  COOKS 


moon  now  shone  bright,  by  the  light  of  which  they 
could  see  the  sheathing  boards  float  from  the  bot- 
torn  of  the  vessel ;  till  at  l(*ngth  the  false  keel  fol< 
lowed,  so  that  they  expected  instant  destruction; 
Their  best  chance  of  escaping  seemed  now  to  be  by 
lightening  her  ;  but  as  they  had  struck  at  high  wa- 
ter, they  would  have  been  but  in  their  present  situ- 
ation, after  the  vessel  should  draw  as  much  less  wa- 
ter as  the  water  had  sunk  :  but  tlierr  anxiety  abated 
a  little,  on  finding  that  the  ship  settled  to  tne  rocks 
as  the  tide  ebbed.  They,  liowever,  flattered  them- 
selves,  that  if  the  ship  should  keep  together  till 
next  tide,  they  might  have  some  chance  of  float- 
ing her.  They  therefore  instantly  started  the  water 
in  th«  hold,  and  pumped  it  up.  The  decayed  stores, 
oil-jars,  casks,  ballast,  six  of  their  guns,  and  other 
things,  were  thrown  overboard^in  order  to  get  at  the 
heavier  articles  ;  and  in  tlvis  busines^s  they  were 
employed  till  day-break,  during  all  which  time  it 
was  observed,  that  not  an  oath  was  sworn ;  so  much 
Vftrc  the  minds  of  the  sailors  impressed  wiil^a  sense 
of  their  danger. 

At  day^light  they  saw  land  at  eip'ht  leagues  dis- 
tance ;  but  not  m  single  i&land  between  them  and  the 
main,  on  which  part  of  the  crew  might  have  been 
landed,  while  the  boat  went  on  shore  with  the  rest; 
so  that  the  destruction  of  the  greater  part  of  them 
"would  have  !)een  inevitable,  nad  the  ship  gone  to 
pieces.  It  happened,  however,  that  the  wind  died 
away  to  &  dead  calm  before  noon.  As  they  ex- 
pected high  water  at  eleven  o'clock,  every  thing 
"was  prepared  to  make  another  effort  to  free  the 
ship  ;  but  the  tide  fell  so  muth  short  of  that  in  the 
night,  that  she  did  not  float  by  eighteen  inches, 
though  they  had  thrown  overboard  near  fifty  tons 
weight;  they  now,  therefore,  renewed  their  toil, 
and  threw  overboard  every  tiling  fhat  could  possi- 
bly be  spared.  As  the  tide  fell,  the  water  poured  in 
so  rapidly,  that  they  could  scarcely  keep  her  free 
Itif  the  constant  working  of  two  pumps.  Their  only 
hops  now  depeuued  on  thj^  mkluight  tide*  and  pre- 

1  •     '  »  ^ 


VWW^''''^ 


FIRST  VOYAGE. 


US 


parations  were  accordingly  made  for  another  effort 
to  get  the  ship  off.  Tlie  tide  began  to  rise  at  five 
o'clock,  wlicn  the  leak  likewise  increased  to  such  a 
degree  that  two  more  pumps  ^^€re  manned  ;  hut 
only  one  of  them  would  woi'k ;  three,  therefore, 
■were  kept  going  till  nine  o^clock,  at  which  time  the 
ship  righted ;  but  so  much  water  had  been  admitted 
ky  the  leak,  that  they  expetited  she  woukl  s'mk  as  soon 
as  the  water  should  bear  her  off  the  rock.  Their 
situattQB  was  now  deploi*able  beyond  description ;  and 
the  iimtgination  must  paint  what  would  baffle  the 
powers  of  language  to  describe.  They  knew  that 
nvhen  the  fatal  moment  should  arrive,  all  authority 
would  be  at  an  end.  The  boats  were  incapable  c« 
conveying  them  all  on  shore  ;  and  they  dreaded  a 
contest  for  the  preference,  as  more  shock  ing  than 
the  shipwreck  itself;  yet  it  was  considered,  that 
those  who  might  be  left  on  'board,  would  eventually 
meet  with  a  milder  fate  than  those  who,  by  gaining 
the  shore,  woulxl  have  no  chance  but  to  linger  the 
remains  of  life  among  the  rudest  savages  in  the 
universe,  and  in  a  country  where  fire-arms  would 
barely  enable  them  tosuppt^ita  wretched  existence. 

At  twenty  minutes  after  ten  the  ship  floated,  and 
was  heaved  into  deep  water  ;  when  they  were  hap- 
py to  find  she  did  not  admit  more  water  than  she 
had  done  before  ;  yet  as  the  leak  had  for  a  conside- 
rable time  gained  on  the  pumps,  there  was  now  tliree 
feet  nine  iiKhes  water  in  the  hold.  By  this  time  the 
men  were  so  worn  by  fatigue  of  mind  and  body,  that 
none  of  tjhem  couid  pump  more  than  five  or  six 
minutes  at  a  time,  and  then  threw  themselves,  quite 
Bpent,  on  the  deck,  amidst  a  stream  of  water  which 
came  from  the  pumps.  The  succeeding  man  being 
fatigued  in  lus  turn,  threw  himself  down  in  the 
same  manner,  while  the  former  jumped  up  and  re- 
newed his  labour,  thus  mutually  struggling  for  life, 
till  the  following  accident  bad  like  to  have  given 
them  up  a  prey  to  absolute  despair. 

Between  ihe  inside  lining  of  the  ship's  bottom, 
which  is  called  the  ceiling,  and  the  outside  planking, 


u« 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


^berjB  ia  a  space  of  about  Be%'cntecn  or  eightetii 
inches*  The  man  who  had  hitherto  taken  the  depth 
of  water  at  the  well,  had  taken  it  no  farther  than  the 
ceiling ;  but  being  now  relieved  by  another  persou, 
-who  took  the  depth  .to  the  outside  planking,  it  ap- 
peared by  this  mistake,  that'the  leak  had  suddenly 
gained  upon  the  pumps,  the  whole  difference  be 
tween  the  two  plankings-  This  circumstance  de^ 
prived  them  of  all  hopes,  and  scarce  any  one  thi^ght 
k  worth  while  to  labour  for  the  longer  presu;vation 
of  a  life  which  must  so  soon  have  a  period.  «ut  the 
mistake  was  soon  discovered ;  and  the  joy  aris- 
ing from  such  unexpected  good  news  inspired  the 
men  with  so  much  vigour,  that  before  eight  o'clock 
in  Uie  morning  they  had  pumped  out  considerably 
inorc  water  than  ihey  had  shipped.  They  now 
talked  confidently  of  getting  the  snip  into  some  har- 
bour, and  set  heartily  to  work  to  get  in  their  an- 
chors ;  one  of  which,  and  the  cable  of  another,  they 
lost ;  but  these  were  now  considered  as  trifles* 
Having  a  good  breeze  from  the  sea,  they  got  under 
sail  at  eleven  o'clock,  and  stood  for  land* 

As  they  could  not  discover  the  exact  situation  of 
the  leak,  they  had  no  prospect  of  stopping  it  within- 
side  of  the  vessel;  but  the  following  expedient, 
"which  one  of  the  midshipmen  -4iad  formerly  seei^ 
tried  with  success,  was  adopted.  I'hey  took  an  old 
studding-sail,  and  having  mixed  a  large  quantity  of 
oakam  and  wool,  chopped  small,  it  was  stitched 
down  in  handfuls  on  the  sail,  as  lightly  as  possible ; 
the  dung  of  their  sheep  and  other  faith  being  spread 
ever  it.  Thus  prepared,  the  sail  was  hauled  under 
the  ship  by  ropes,  which  kept  it  extended  till  it 
came  under  the  leak,  when  the  suction  carried  in  the 
eakum  and  wool  from  the  surface  of  the  sail.  This 
experiment  trucceeded  90  well,  that  instead  of 
three  pumps,  the  water  was  easily  kept  under  with 
one. 

They  hitherto  had  no  further  view  than  to  run  the 
ship  into  an  harbour,  and  build  a  vessel  from  her 
materials,  in  which  they  might  .each  the^jE^ast-Ju- 


FIRST  VOYAGE. 


iir 


dies  ;  but  th^y  now  began  to  think  of  finding  a  pro- 
pei'i  place  to  repair  her  damage,  and  then  to  pursue 
their  voyage  on  its  original  plan.  At  six  in  the  even* 
ing  they  anchored  seven  leagues  from  the  shore  ; 
and  found  that  the  ship  nrvade  filteen  inches  water 
an  hour,  during  the  night;  but  as  the  pumps  could 
clear  this  quantity,  they  were  not  uneasy.  At  nine 
in  the  morning  they  passed  two  islands,  which  were 
called  Hope  Islands,  f^cause  the  reaching  of 
them  had  been  the  object  of  their  wishes  at  tlve  time 
of  the  shipwreck.  In  the  afternoon  the  master  was 
sent  out  with  two  boats,  to  sound,  and  search  for  a 
harb  ur  where  the  ship  might  be  repaired.  They 
anchored  at  sun-set  in  four  fathom,  two  miles  from 
the  shore-  One  of  the  n»ates  being  out  in  the  pin- 
nace, returned  at  nine  o'clock,  reporting;,  that  he 
had  found  just  such  a  harbour  as  was  wanted,  at 
ihe  distance  of  two  leaguers. 

At  six  o'clock  the  next 'morning  they  sailed,  hav- 
ing previously  sent  two  boats  a-htad,  to  lie  on  the 
shoals  that  they  saw  in  their  way.  I'hey  soon  anchor- 
ed about  a  mile  from  the  shore,  when  the  Captain 
went  out,  and  found  the  channel  very  narrow,  but 
tJie  harbour  was  better  adapted  to  their  present 
purpose  than  any  place  thej;  had  st  en  in  the  whole 
course  of  their  voyage.  As  it  blew  very  fresh  this 
day  and  the  following  ni^ht,  they  could  not  venture 
to  run  into  the  harbour,  but'remained  at  anchor  dur- 
ing the  two  succeeding  days,  in  the  course  of  which 
they  observed  four  Indians  on  the  hills,  who  stopped 
and  made  two  fires. 

The  men  by  this  time  began  to  be  afflicted  with 
the  scurvy,  and  their  Indian  friend,  Tiipia,  was  so 
bad  with' It,  that  he  had  livid  spots  on  both  his  legs, 
Mr,  Green,  the  astronomer,  was  likewise  ill  of  the 
same  disorder  ;  so  that  their  being  detained  from 
landing  was  evjewf  way  disagreeable.  The  wind 
continued  fres^!  tra  Su^iday  the  17th,  but  they  then 
resolved  to  .pa«h  in  for  the  harbour,  and  twice  run 
the  ship  a-jground  ;  the  second  time  of  which  she 
^'^uck  fcistiton  which  they  tookitLc  bottoms,  fore- 
T  K2 


'A 


^ 


}t^ 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


yards,  and  fore  top  masts  do^vn,  ai\d  made  a  raft  on 
the  side  of  the  ship ;  and,  as  the  tide  happened  to 
be  rising,  she  floated  at  one  o'clock.  She  was  now 
soon  got  into  the  harbour,  where  she  was  moored 
along  the  side  of  a  beach,  and  the  anchors,  cables, 
&c.  immedmtely  taken  out  of  her. 

On  Monday  morning  they  e  ected  a  tent  for  the 
sick,  several  of  whom  were  brought  on  shore  as 
soon  as  it  wa^s  ready  for  their  reception-  They  like- 
ivise  built  a  tent  to  hold  the  provisions  and  stores, 
■which  were  landed  the  same  day.  The  boat  was 
now  dispatched  in  search  of  fish  for  the  i^efresh- 
ment  of  the  sick,  but  she  returned  without  getting 
any  ;  but  Tupia  eni ployed  himself  in  angling,  and 
living  entirely  on  the  produce  of  his  industry,  re- 
4;overed  his  health  very  fast,  Mr.  Banks,  in  an  ex- 
cursion up  the  country,  saw  the  frames  of  several 
Indian  houses,  which  appeared  to  have  been  aban- 
doned sf  me  time :  while  the  captain,  having  ascend- 
ed one  of  the  highest  hills,  observed  the  high  land 
to  be  stony  and  barren,  and  the  low  land  near  the 
river  over-run  with  mangroves,  among  which  the 
salt  water  flowed  every  tide. 

On  Tuesday  the  Captain  ordered  the  smith's 
forge  to  be  set  up,  and  directed  the  armourer  to 
prepare  the  necessary  iron  work  for  the  repair  of 
the  vessel.  He  likewise  ordered  out  the  officers' 
stores,  water,  &c.  in  order  to  lighten  the  ship.  This 
day  Mr.  Banks  crossed  the  river  to  view  the  coun- 
try, which  was  little  less  than  sand-hills.  He  saw 
vast  flocks  of  crows  and  pigeons,  of  the  latter  of 
•which  he  shot  several,  which  were  most  beautiful 
birds.  On  the  day  following,  as  they  were  remov- 
ing the  coals,  the  water  rushed  in,  near  the  foremast, 
about  three  feet  from  the  keel ;  so  that  it  was  le- 
solved  to  clear  the  hold  entirely  ;  wherefore  they 
took  out  all  t»4e  coals,  and  the  next  day  warped 
the  ship  higher  up  the  harbour,  to  a  station  proper 
for  laying  her  a-shore,  in  order  to  stop  the  leak. 

Early  m  the  morning  of  the  22d  the  tide  left  the 
|hip,  and  they  proceeded  to  examine  Ui€#ak,  whe^ 


FIRST  VOYAGE. 


Jl9 


they  found  that  the  rocks  had  cut  through  four 
planks  into  the  timbers,  and  that  three  other  planks 
were  damaged.  In  these  bre^iches  not  a  splinter 
was  to  be  seen,  the  whole  being  smooth,  as  if  cut 
away  by  an  instrument :  but  the  preservation  ©f  the 
vessel  was  owing  to  a  very  singular  circumstance. 
One  of  the  holes  was  large  enough  to  have  sunk  her, 
even  with  eight  pumps  constantly  at  work ;  but  this 
bole  was  in  a  great  measure  stopped  up  by  the 
fragment  of  the  rock  being  left  sticking  in  it.  They 
likewise  found  some  pieces  of  oakum,  wool,  &c. 
which  had  got  between  the  timbers,  and  stopped 
many  parts  of  the  leak  which  had  been  left  open 
by  the  s.one.  Exclusive  of  the  leak,  great  damage 
was  done  to  various  parts  of  the  ship's  bottom. 

While  the  smiths  were  engaged  in  mnking  nails 
and  bolts,  the  carpenters  began  to  work  on  the  ves- 
sel ;  and  some  of  the  crew  were  sent  across  the  ri- 
ver to  shct)t ,  piget^ns  tor  the  sick.  These  people 
found  a  stream  of  fresh  water,  discovered  many  In- 
dian houses,  and  had  sight  of  a  mouse-coloured  ani- 
mal extremely  swift,  and  about  the  size  of  a  grey-'* 
hound.  On  the  23d  they  saw  plenty  of  fish,  but 
catched  only  three.  This  day  many  of  the  crew 
saw  the  animal  above  mentioned;  and  Oi.*^  of  the 
seamen  declared  he  had  seen  the  Devil,  which  he 
described  in  the  following  words.  **  He  was  as 
large,  says  he,  as  a  one  gallon  keg,  and  very  like  it ; 
lie  had  horns  and  wings,  yet  he  crept  so  slowiy 
through  the  grass,  that  if  I  had  not  been  a/ecred^  I 
migh*  have  Urn  died  him.'*  It  appeared  af  ter  w  ard^, 
that  this  poor  fellow  had  seen  a  bat,  which  is  almost 
black,  and  as  large  as  a  partridge;  and  his  owi:  ap- 
prehepsions  had  furnished  his  devil  with  horns- 

The  Captain  and  Mr.  Banks  saw  the  anicfiat 
above  mentioned,  which  had  a  long  tail  that  it  car- 
ried hke  a  {greyhound ;  it  leapt  like  a  deer,  and  the 
print  of  its  toot  resembled  that  of  a  goat. 

The  vessel  was  now  in  a  position  which  threw  all 
the  water  abaft ;  and  Mr.  Banks  having  removed 
hiswhote  colkction  of  pkwi^s  mtq  tlie  bread-roo^^ 


f 


« 


1:^0 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


they  were  this  day  found  under  water,  by  which 
some  of  them  were  totally  destroyed  ;  but,  by 
great  care,  most  of  them  were  restored  to  a  state  ol 
preservation. 

On  the  29th,  the  boat  took  as  many  fish  as  allow^ 
cd  a  pound  and  a  half  to  each  man.  A  midshipman 
saw  a  wolf  exactly  resembling  those  of  America. 
Mr.  Gore  also  saw  two  straw-coloured  animals^of  the 
size  of  a  hare,  but  shaped  Hke  a  dog.  So  much  fish 
was  taken,  that  each  man  had  two  pounds  and  a 
half  ;  and  plenty  of  greens  were  gathered,  which 
being  boiled  with  the  peas,  their  fare  was  deemed 
excellent. 

Cockles  were  found  by  the  master  so  large,  that 
f)ne  of  them  was  more  than  sufficient  for  two  men  ; 
and  likewise  plenty  of  other  shell-fish,  of  which  he 
brougiit  a  supply  to  the  ship.  This  day  they  suc- 
ceeded in  an  attempt  to  float  the  ship  ;  when  they 
found  that,  by  the  position  she  had  lain  in,  she  had 
sprung  a  plank,  so  that  it  was  again  necessary  to 
lay  her  ashore.  An  alligator  swam  by  the  ship 
several  times  this  day. 

Mr.  Banks  and  a  party  made  an  excursion  up 
a  river,  and  on  the  8th  they  saw  several  animals,  one 
of  which  was  judged  to  be  a  wolf.  At  night  they 
made  a  fire,  and  took  up  their  quarters  on  the  banks 
of  the  river ;  but  the  night  was  rendered  extremely 
disagreeable  by  the  stings  of  the  musquitoes,  which 
pursued  them  into  the  smoke,  and  alntost  into  the 
fire.  At  break  of  day  they  set  out  in  search  of  game, 
and  saw  four  animals,  two  of  which  were  chased 
by  Mr.  Banks'  greyhound ;  but  they  greatly  out- 
stripped him  in  speed,  by  leaping  over  tlie  long  thick 
srass,  which  incommoded  the  dog  in  running.  It 
was  observed  of  this  animal,  that  he  leaped  or 
bounded  forward  on  two  legs,  instead  of  running  on 
four. 

The  tide  favoui'mg  their  return,  they  lost  no  time 
in  getting  back  to  the  ship.  The  master,  who  had 
been  seven  leagues  at  sea,  returned  soon  after  Mr. 
B||ks,  bringing  with  him  three  turtle,  which  he 


FIRST  VOYAGE. 


121 


ttxik  with  a  boat*book,  and  which  together  weired 
near  eight  hundred  pounds. 

In  the  morning  tour  Indians,  in  a-small  canoe, 
we!%  within  sight.  They  soon  came  quite  along-side 
the  ship  ;  and  having  received  presents,  landed 
where  Tupia  and  a  few  sailors  were  onshore^  They 
had  each  two  lances,  and  a  stick  with  which  they 
throw  them.  Advancing  towards  the  English,  Tu- 
pia persuaded  them  to  lay  down  their  arnns,  and  sit 
by  him,  which  they  readily  did-  They  staid  with 
him  till  dinner-time,  when  he  made  signs  of  invita- 
tion for  them  to  go  to  the  ship  and  eat ;  but  this  they 
declined,  and  retired  in  their  canoe. 

These  men  were  of  the  common  stature,  with 
very  small  limbs ;  their  complexion  a  deep  choco- 
late; their  hair  black,  either  lank  or  curled,  but  not 
of  the  wool  kind. 

The  visit  of  three  of  these  Indians  was  renewed 
the  next  morning,  and  they  brought  with  them  a 
fourth,  whom  they  called  Yapakico,  who  appear-* 
ed  to  be  a  person  of  som«  consequence*  The  bone 
of  a  bird,  about  six  inches  long,  was  thrust  through 
the  gristle  of  his  nose  :  and  indeed  all  the  inhabitants 
of  this  place  had  their  noses  bored,  for  the  reception 
of  such  an  ornament.  These  people  being  quite 
naked,  the  Captain  gave  one  ot  them  an  old  shirt, 
'vvhich  he  bound  round  his  head  like  a  turban,  in* 
stead  of  using  it  to  cover  any  part  o£  his  body.  They 
suddenly  leaped  into  their  canoe,  and  rowed  off, 
from  a  jealousy  of  some  of  the  gentlemen  who  were 
examining  it  The  canoe  was  about  ten  feet  long, 
and  calculated  to  hold  four  persons  ;  and  when  it 
was  in  shallow  water  they  moved  it  by  means  of 
poles-  ♦ 

On  the  14th  Mr-  Gore  shot  one  of  the  mouse-co- 
loured animals  above-mentioned.  It  chanced.to  be  a 
young  one,  weighing  no  more  than  thirty-eight 
pounds ;  but  when  full  grown  they  are  as  large  as  a 
sheep.  The  skin  of  this  beast,  which  is  called 
Mnguroa,  is  covered  with  short  fur,  and  is  of  a  dark 
mouse  colour ;  the  head  and  ears  are  somewhat 


** 


122 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


like  tliose  of  a  hare;  this  amnial  was  dressed  for 
ciiimer,  and  [)rov>ed  line  eating. 

The  natix^es  being  now  become  familiar  with  the 
ship's  crew,  one  of  tliem  was  desired  to  throi^his 
lance,  which  he  did  with  such  dexterity  and  force, 
that  though  it  was  not  above  four  feet  from  the 
ground  at  the  highest,  it  penetrated  deeply  into  a 
tree  at  the  distance  of  fifty  yards.  The  natives  now 
went  on  board  the  ship,  and  were  well  pleased  with 
their  entertainment.  On  the  19th  they  saw  several 
oi  the  women,  who,  as  well  as  the  men,  were  quite 
oaked.  They  were  this  day  visited  by  ten  ot  the 
natives,  who  seemed  resolved  to  have  one  of  the 
tfurtle  that  was  on  board,  which  they  repeatedly 
made  signs  for,  and  being  as  repeatedly  refused, 
they  expressed  the  utmost  rage  and  resentment ; 
and  one  of  them,  in  particulari  having  received  a 
denial  from  Mr*  Banks,  he  stamped,  and  pushed 
him  away  in  the  most  violent  manner.  At  length 
they  laid  hands  on  two  of  the  turtles,  and  drew  them 
to  tlie.  side  of  the  ship  where  the  canoe  lay  ;  but  the 
sailors  took  them  away  They  made  several  simi- 
lar attempts,  but  being  equally  unsuccessful,  they 
leaped  suddenly  into  their  canoe  and  rowed  off.  At 
this  instant  the  Captain,  with  Mr*  Banks,  and  five 
or  six  seamen,  w«it  ashore,  where  they  arrived  be* 
fore  the  Indians,  and  where  many  of  the  crew  were 
already  employed.  As  soon  as  the  Indians  landed, 
one  of  them  snatched  a  fire-brand  from  under  a 
pitch-kettle,  and  running  to  the  windward  of  what 
effects  were  on  shore,  set  fire^to  the  dry  grass,  which 
burnt  rapidly,  scorched  a  pig  to  death,  burnt  part 
of  the  spsiith's  forge,  and  would  have  destroyed  a 
tent  of  Mr.  Banks*,  but  that  some  sailors  caAe  from 
the  ship  just  in  time  to  get  it  out  of  the  way  of  the 
flamev  In  the  interim  the  Indians  went  to  a  place 
where  the  fishing-nets  lay,  and  a  quantity  ot  liacn 
was  laid  out  to  dry,  and  there  again  set  fire  to  the 
grass,  in  spite  of  all  persuasion,  and  even  of  threats. 
A  musket  loaded  with  small  shot  waa  now  fired, 
and  one  of  them  being  wounded,  they  ran  off.    This 


HRST  VOYAGE. 


12^ 


a^ond  fire  was  easily  extinguished,  but  the  other 
burnt  far  into  the  woods,  ii* 

The  natives  continuing  still  in  sight,  a  musket 
charged  with  ball  was  fired  near  them ;  upon 
hearing  which  they  soon  got  out  of  sight :  but  their 
voices  being  soon  heard  in  the  woods,  and  seeming 
to  come  nearer,  the  Captain,  with  a  few  of  the  men, 
went  to  meet  them.  When  they  were  in  sight  of 
each  other,  both  parties  stopped,  except  an  old  In- 
dian, who  advanced  before  the  rest  a  little  way,  but 
soon  halted^  and  speaking  a  few  words,  retreated  to 
his  brethren,  and  they  all  retired  together.  The 
English  having  seized  some  of  their  darts,  followed 
them  about  a  mile,  and  then  sat  down,  the  Indians 
sitting  about  a  hundred  yards  from  them,^  The  old 
man  again  came  forward,  having  in  his  hand  a  lance 
with  a  point.  He  stopped  and  spoke  several  times^ 
on  which  the  Captain  made  signs  of  friendship.  The 
old  Indian  now  turned  to  his  companions,  and 
having  spoken  to  them»  they  placed  their  lances 
against  a  tree»  and  came  forward  as  in  friendship  ; 
whereupon  their  darts  which  had  been  taken,  were 
returned,  and  the  whole  quarrel  seemed  to  be  at  an 
end.  When  Captain  Cook  got  on  board,  he  saw 
the  woods  burning  at  the  distance  of  two  miles. 

The  master  having  been  sent  to  search  for  a  pas- 
sage to  the  northward,  returned  with  an  account 
that  he  could  not  iinil  any.  By  the  night  of  the  20th , 
the  lire  had  extended  many  miles  round  them  on 
the  hills.  On  the  22d  they  killed  a  turtle,  through 
both  shoulders  of  which  stuck  a  wooden  harpoon, 
which  the  Indians  had  stricken  it  with,  and  the 
wound  was  quite  healed.  The  next  day  one  of  the 
seamen,  who  had  strayed  from  his  company,  met 
with  four  Indians  at  dinner :  he  was  alarmed  at  thi» 
unexpected  meeting,  but  had  prudence  enough  to 
conceal  his  apprehensions,  and  sitting  down  by 
them,  gave  them  his  kiiife,  which  having  aUlooked 
at,  they  returned.  He  would  then  have  left  thepi  ; 
but  they  chose  to  detain  him,  till,  by  feeling  his  hands 
^nd  face,  ♦hey  were  convinced  he  was,  made  of 


\ 


t'*^  iT" 


12A 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


flesh  and  blood  like  themselves.  They  then  di«. 
missed  him,  directing  him  the  nearest  way  to  the 
ship. 

On  the  26th,  Mr.  Banks  catched  a  female  am* 
mal,  called  the  Ofiottsum^  with  two  young  ones. 
.  On  the  4th  of  August  they  put  to  sea,  the  pinnace 
going  ahead  to  keep  sounding,  and  at  noon  came  to 
an  anchor ;  when  the  Captam  gave  the  name  of 
Cape  Bedford  to  the  northernmost  point  of  land 
in  sight,  and  that  of  Endeavour  River  to  the 
harbour  which  they  had  quitted. 

*  The  provisions  they  obtained  while  in  this  har* 
bour,  consisted  of  turtle,  which  they  went  some 
miles  to  sea  to  catch ;  oysters  of  three  diiferent 
sorts,  largis  cavalhe  or  scomber,  large  mullets,  some 
'flat  flsh,  a  great  number  of  small  scombri,  and  skate 
or  ray  "fish;  purslain,  wild  beans,  tshe  tops  of  co- 
coas,*and  caboage  palms.  Of  quadrupeds  there  are 
goats,  wolves,  and  pole-cats,  and  a  spotted  animal 
of  the  viverra  kind  ;  and  several  kinds  of  serpents, 
only  some  of  which  are  venomous.  Dogs  are  the 
only  tame  animals. 

On  the  4th,  such  a  quantity  of  fish  was  catched,  as 
allowed  a  dividend  of  two  pounds  to  each  man-  Dur* 
ing  the  six  following  days  they  strugglo<l  inces- 
santly to  sail  safely  past  the  shoals  and  breakers, 
by  which  they  were  every  way  surrounded.  On  the 
10th  they  were  between  a  head-land  and  three 
islands,  which  had  been  discovered  on  the  preceding 
day,  and  began  to  conceive  hopes  that  they  were 
out  of  danger ;  but  this  not  proving  the  case,  the 
head-land  received  the  name  of  Cape  FtATtE- 

RY. 

*  After  a  conversation  hekl  among  the  officers,  it 
was  their  concurrent  opinion,  that  it  would  be  best  to 
leave  the  coast,  and  stand  out  to  sea  ;  and  in  con- 
sequence of  these  sentiments,  they  sailed  on  the  13th 
of  August,  1770,  and  got  in  an  open  sea,  after  hav- 
ing been  surrounded  by  dreadful  shoals  and  rocks 
i<k  near  three  months.  They  had  now  sailed  abotc 
a  thousand  miles,  during  all  which  run  they  h^^ 
been  obliged  to  keep  sounding,  without  the  intei:- 


FIRST  VOYAGE. 


US 


mission  of  a  single  minute  ;  a  circura stance 'which» 
\%  ift  sijpposed,  never  happeaed  to  any  ship  but  the 
Ewle»voiir. 

Having  anchored  on  the  14th,  they  steered  a  wes- 
terly course  on  the  following  day  to  g-et  sight  of  the 
lamK  that  a  passaijje  between  that  land  and  New- 
Guinea  iT^igJ^t  not  be  missed,  if  there  was  any  such 
passage,  ihey  stood  northward  till  midnight 
When  day-light  canve  on  they  saw  a  dreadful  surf 
break  at  a  vast  height,  within  a  mile  of  the  ship, 
towards  which  the  rolling  waves  carried  her  w'th 
great  rapidity.  Thus  distressed,  the  boats  were 
aent  ahead  to  tow,  and  the  head  of  the  vessel  was 
brought  about,  but  not  till  she  was  within  one  hun- 
<lred  yajdis  of  the  rock,  between  which  and  her 
there  was  nothing  left  but  the  chasm,  made  by  the 
last  wave  which  had  washed  her  side,  and  which 
bad  risen  and  broke  to  a  wonder fal  height  on  the 
rock ;  hviX  in  the  moment  they  expected  instant  des- 
truction, a  breeze,  hardly  discernable,  aided  the 
boats  in  getting  the  vessel  in  an  oblique  direction 
from  the  n)ck.  The  hopes,  however,  afforded  by 
this  providential  circumstance,  were  destroyed  by  a 
perfect  calm,  which  succeeded  in  a  few  minutes  ; 
yet  the  breeze  once  more  returned  before  tliey  had 
lost  the  little  ground  which  had  been  gained. 

At  this  time  a  small  opening  was  seen  in  ttie  reef, 
and  a  young  officer  being  sent  to  examine  it,  found 
that  its  breadth  did  not  much  exceed  the  length  of 
the  ship,  but  that  there  was  smooth  water  on  the 
other  side  of  the  rocks.  Animated  by  the  hope  of 
preserving  life,  they  now  attempted  to  pass  the 
opening ;  but  this  was  impossible  ;  for  it  having  be- 
come high  water  in  the  interim,  the  ebb  tide  rushed 
through  it  with  amazing  impetuosity,  carrying  the 
ship  about  a  quarter  of  a  mile  from  the  reef,  and 
she  soon  reached  the  distance  of  two  miles  by  the 
hdpof  the  boatis.  When  the  ebb  tide  was  spent,  the 
tide  of  ftoc^  agaii^  drove  the  vessel  very  near  the 
Wks;  80  that  their  prospect  of  destruction  was  re- 
newed, when  they  discovered  another  opening,  and 

VOL.1-  I- 


*    '-^t^^ 


y 


126 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


alight  breeze  springing  up,  they  entered  it,  and 
were  driven  through  it  with  £;  rapidity  that  prevcm- 
ed  the  ship  from  striking  against  either  side  of  the 
channel.  The  ship  now  came  to  ^n  anchor,  and  her 
crew  were  grateiul  for  having  regained  a  station 
which  the/  had  been  very  lately  most  anxious  to 
quit. 

The  natne  of  Providential  Channel  was 
given  to  the  opening  through  which  the  ship  had 
thus  escaped  the  nnost  imminent  dangers.  A  high 
promontory  on  the  main  land  in  sight  was  denorai- 
nated  Cape  Weymouth,  and  a  bay  near  it  Wey- 
mouth Bay.  This  day  the  boats  went  out  to  fidi, 
and  met  with  great  success,  particularly  in  catch- 
ing cockles ;  some  of  which  were  of  such  ^n  ama- 
zing size,  as  to  require  the  strength  of  two  men  to 
move  them.  Mr.  Banks  likewise  succeeded  in  his 
search  for  rare-shells,  and  different  kinds  of  Coral 

On  the  21at  several  islands  were  discovered, 
which  were  called  York  Isles.  In  the  af(eiiM)on 
they  anchored  between  some  islands,  and  observed 
that  the  channel  now  began  to  grow  wider;  Th^y 
observed  two  distant  points,  between^  which  no  land 
could  be  seen  ;  so  that  the  hope  of  having  at  length 
explored  a  passage  into  the  Indian  sea  began  to 
animate  every  breast. 

The  Capfain  and  his  company  now  ascended  a 
iiill  upon  one  of  these  islands,  from  whence  they  had 
a  view  of  near  forty  miles,  in  which  space  there 
was,  n9thing  that  threatened  to  oppose  their  passage ; 
so  tihat  Che  certainty  of  a  channel  seemed  to  be  al- 
most ascertained.  Previous  to  their  leaving  the 
island.  Captain  Cook  displayed  the  English  cdours, 
and  took  jpossessign  of  all  the  eastern  coast  of  the 
country,  irom  tl^  38th  degree  of  south  latitude,  te 
the  present  spj^  by  the  name  of  New  South 
WALEs,fornis  Sovereign  the  King  of  Great  Bri- 
tain; and  the  place  recdved  the  name  of  Posses- 
sion Island.  *' 

They  were  now  advanced  to  the  xwrthern  extre- 
mity of  New  Holhuid,  and  had  the  satisfaction  I? 


FIRST  VOYAGE 


12/ 


viewing  the  open  sea  to  the  westward-  The  north- 
east entrance  of  the  passage  is  formed  by  the  mam 
land  of  New  Holland,  and  by  a  number  of  'islands, 
•which  took  the  name  of  the  Prince  of  Wales' 
Islands,  and  which  Captam  Cook  imagines  may 
reach  to  New  Guinea.  To  the  passage  which  they 
sailed  through,  Captain  Cook  gave  the  name  of  En* 

DEAVOUU   StREIGHTS. 

New  South  Wales  is  a  much  larger  country  than 
99y  hitherto  knpwn,  which  is  not  deemed  a  conti- 
nent»  being  larger  than  all  Europe ;  which  is  prov- 
ed by  the  Endeavour  having  coasted  more  than 
two  thousantl  miles,  even  if  her  tract  was  reduced 
to  a  straight  line  To  the  nonhward  the  grass  is 
not  so  rich,  nor  the  trees. so  hikjh  as  in  the  southern 
parts;  and  almost  every  where,  even  the  largest 
trees  grow  at  a  distance  of  not  less  than  thirteen 
yards  asunder.  i 

Besidcbs  the  quadrupeds  already  mentioned,  there 
is  one,  -  the  belly  of  which  is  totally  white*  and  the 
back  brown,  with  white  spots  ;  it  is  much  like  a 
jpolecat,  ,and  the  Indians  call  it  Quoll*  There  are 
vast  numbers  of  beautiful  pigeons,  many  of  which 
\irere  shot  by  the  seamen ;  and  the  other  land-birds 
are  eagles,  hawks,  cranes,  herons,  bustards,  crows, 
quails,  doves,  parrots,  parroqiiets,  cockatoos,  and 
some  other  birds  of.  very  elegant  plumage* 

The  insects  are  few  in  number,  among  which  the 
musquito  and  the  ant  are  the  chief  The  ants  are 
of  four  kinds.  The  first  are  perfectly  green,  and 
live  on  trees,  in  which  they  build  curious  nests,  by 
bending  down  the  leaves,  and  gluing  them  together 
with  an  animal  juice  ;  thousands  of  them  joined  to 
keep  the  leat  in  its  proper  position,  while  many 
others  were  employed  in  the  gluing  them.  Being 
disturbed  in  their  work,  the  leaves,  which  are  four 
or  five  inches  i a  breadth,  flew  back  with  a  force 
which  was  thought  much  superior  to  the  united 
strength  of  these  insects-  Those  who  disturbed 
them  paid  for  their  curiosity,  by  being  stung  in  a 
very  severe  manner  .        /         v  ^i.;i».a^  • 


128 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


The  second  kind  of  ants  are  quite  black,  and  live 
in  the  inside  uf  the  branches  of  trees,  after  dief 
have  worked  out  the  pith.  Some  of  the  branches 
being  gathered,  millions  of  the^e  animals  issued 
from  every  broken  twig. 

".  The  third  sort  took  up  their  lodging  in  the  rooted 
a  plant  that  twines  round  tlie  trunk  of  other  trees. 
This  root,  which  they  hollowed  for  their  purpose, 
was  cut  into  great  numbers  of  passages  which  raa 
across  each  other ;  yet  the  plant  appeared  not  to 
have  been  injured.  These  were  not  more  than  half 
the  size  of  die  red  ant  of  this  country  ;  but,  upon 
being  disturbed,  they  crawled  ever  the  body  in 
thousands,  and  put  their  disturbers  to  the  pain  aris- 
ingfrom  exquisite  tickling. 

The  fourth  kind  were  like  t'Ue  white  Ahls  of  the 
East-Indies  ;  and  had  one  sort  of  nests,  as  big 
as  an  half  peck  loaf,  hanging  from  the  boughs  of  the 
trees,  and  composed  of  several  minute  parts  of  ve- 
getables, stuck  together  by  a  glutinous  matter,  sup- 
posed to  have  been  supplied  fbom  their  own  bodies. 
The  ceils  had  a  communication  with  each  other, 
and  had  oi^eoittgs  which  led  to  other  nests  on  the 
same  tree  ;  they  had  likev/ise  a  hollow  covered 
passage  to  another  nest  on  the  ground,  at  the  root  of 
a  different  tree  from  that  on  which  the  former  nest 
"was  suspended*  The  ground  nests  are  six  feet  in 
height,  and  almost  as  much  in  breadth  ;  the  outside 
being  plastered  with  clay  of  near  two  inches  in 
thickness.  These  have  a  subterraneous  passage  to 
the  roots  of  the  trees  near  which  they  stand; 
'whence  the  ants  ascend,  by  coveted  ways,  up  the 
trunk  and  branches.  As  these  ground-built  houses 
are  proof  against  the  invasion  of  the  rain,  it  is  sup- 
posed that  the  ants  retire  to  them  during  the  wet 
season* 

The  seas  abound  with  delicate  green  turtle,  be- 
sides those  enermous  cockles  which  have  been  al- 
ready mentioned'  Alligators  are  found  in  the  rivers 
and  salt  creeks. 

The  men  are  well  made,  of  the  middle  size,  and 


FIRST  VOYAGE.  U9 

active  in  a  high  cjegree  ;  but  their  voices  are  Jfr' 
even  to  effeminacy.    Their  colour  is  the  chocolate  ; 
but  they  were  bo covered  with  dirt,  as  to  look  almost 
as  black  as  negroes^ 

The  chief  ornament  of  these  people  is  the  bone 
that  is  thrust  through  the  nose,  which  the  sailors 
whimsically  termed  their  sprit  sail-yard.  Some 
few  of  them  had  an  ornament  of  shells  hanging 
across  the  breast.  Besides  these  ornaments,  they 
painted  their  bodies  ^nd  limbs  white  and  red  in 
stripes  of  different  dimensions  ;  and  they  had  a  cir« 
cie  of  white  round  each  eye»  and  spots  of  it  on  the 
face.  , 

Their  huts  were  built  with  small  rods,  the  two 
ends  of  which  were  iixcd  into  the  ground,  so  as  to 
form  theligure  of  an  oven  ;  they  are  covered  with 
pieces  of  bark  and  palm-leaves.  The  door  of  this 
building,  which  is  only  high  enough  to  sit  upright 
in,  is  opposite  to  the  fire-place  ;  they  sleep  with  their 
heels  turned  up  towards  their  heads,  and  even  in 
this  postui^  the  hut  will  not  hold  more  than  four 
people. 

Ttvey  were  frequently  observed  with  the  leaves 
of  a  tree  in  tlieir  mouths,  but  whether  it  had  the 
qualities  either  of  tobacco  or  betle  could  not  be 
known ;  but  it  was  observed  not  to  discolour  the  teeth 
or  lips.  fK    . 

They  produce  fire,  and  extend  the  flames  in  a  very 
singular  manner  ;  they  reduce  one  end  of  a  stick 
into  an  obtuse  point ;  they  place  this  point  upon  a 
piece  of  dry  wood,  aud  turning  the  upright  stick  very 
fast  backward  and  forward  between  their  hands, 
the  fire  is  soon  produced  ;  nor  is  it  increased  with 
less  celerity: —One  of  the  natives  was  frequently 
observed  to  run  along  the  sea  coast,  leaving  fire  in 
various  places.  These  fires  were  supposed  to  be  in- 
tended for  the  taking  of  the  kanguroo,  as  that  animal 
was  so  very  shy  of  fire,  that  when  forced  by  the  dogs, 
if  would  not  cross  places  which  had  been  newly 
burnt,  even  when  the  fire  was  extinguished. 

The  points  of  their  lances  are  sometimes  made  of 


130 


CAPTAlK  COOira 


fish-bnnes,  and  sometimes  ©f  a  hard  heavy  wood : 
they  are  barbed  with  other  pieces  of  wood  or  bone, 
so  that  when  they  have  .entered  any  depth  into  the 
body,  they  cannot  be  dra\yn  out  without  tearm^  the 
flesh  in  a  shocking  noanner,  or  leaving  splinters  be- 
hind them. 

In  the  northern  parts  of  this  coast,  the  canoes  arc 
formed  by  hollowing  out  the  trunk  of  a  tree  ;  and  it 
was  conjectured,  that  this  operation  must  han* 
been  performed  by  fire,  as  the  natives  did  not  ap- 
pear to  have  any  instrument  proper  for  the  purpose. 
The  canoes  are  in  length  about  fourteen  ft-et,  and  so 
narrow,  thati  they  wotild  be  frequently  overset,  but 
that  they  are  provided  with  an  outrigger.  The  na- 
tives row  them  with  paddles,  using  both  hands  in 
that  employment. 

That  the  natives  of  this  country  sometimes  wage 
war  with  each  other  is  evident  from  their  being  pos- 
sessed of  weapons  ;  yet  not  a  single  wownd  was  seen 
on  any  of  their  bodies. 

The  short  intercourse  which  the  English  gentle- 
men had  with  these  people,  prevented  them  ftfoni 
obtaining  so  perfect  a  knowledge  ( f  the  language  of 
the  natives  as  could  have  been  wished.  Tliey  arti- 
culated their  words  very  distinctly  ;  and  frequently 
repeated  the  word  tu(\  when  in  company  with  the 
English,  several  times  together,  whicn  was  suppos- 
ed to  be  an  expression  of  astonislvment  and  admira- 
tion :  upon  the  whole,  "^beir  language  was  neither 
harsh  nor  inharmonious,  as  will  appear  from  the 
following  short  spccimer ; 


Wageegee, 

MueU 

Melea,     v 

Bon j  00, 

Ycmbe, 

Mulere» 

Unj^r,, 

Tacal, 

G^ppa, 

Iklppoo^ 


7'/ie  head' 
The  eyes^ 
The  ears* 
The  nose^ 
The  RflS' 
The  teeth. 
The  tongue* 
The  chifh 
The  belly. 
The  back, 


FfhST  VOYACiR 


m 


Aco, 

Manual, 

Pecjcoorga, 

EvianuU, 

Bamma, 

Cotta, 

Poteea, 

Maianang, 

Poorai, 

Poapoa, 

Galan,   • 

Boota. 

CImcala, 

Marra, 


7'he  armS' 
The  hands- 
7 Vie  legs- 
The  fat- 
•>4  mcitt* 
^i  dos- 
Fish^ 
FirC' 
Water- 
Earth- 
The  8U7V 
To  ear- 
To  drink. 
To  (TQ. 


We  shall  now  proceed  to  give  an  account  of  tlieir 
passage  from  New  South  Wales  to  New  Guinea, 
with  a  recital  of  the  incidents  with  happened  on 
their  landing  on  the  last  mentioned  country. 

Early  in  the  morning  of  the  24th  of  August,  ir70, 
the  cable  broke,  near  the  ring,  in  the  attempt  to 
weigh  the  anchor  ;  on  which  another  anchor  was 
dropped,  which  prevented  the  ship  driving.  Deter- 
mined,  however,  not  to  lor.e  the  anchor,  tney  reco- 
vered it  the  next  morning. 

Soon  after  the  anchor  was  weighed,  the  ship  got 
under  sail,  steering  north-west,  and  in  a  few  hours 
one  of  the  boats,  which  was  ahead,  made  the  sig- 
nal for  shoal- water*  The  ship  instantly  brought-to, 
ivith  all  her  sails  standing-  It  was  now  found  that 
she  had  met  with  another  narrow  escape,  as  she 
Was  almost  encompassed  with  shoals  ;  and  was  like- 
wise so  situated  between  them,  that  she  must  have 
struck  before  the  boat's  crew  had  made  the  signal, 
if  she  had  been  half  the  lengtli  of  a  cable  on  either 
^ide.  In  the  afternoon  she  made  sail  v\  ith  the  ebb 
tidfe,  and  got  out  of  danger  before  sun-set. 

Next  morning,  the  28th,  they  pursued  their  voy- 
age again,  steering  due  north- 

The  ship  now  held  this  course,  barely  within 
^ght  of  land,  till  the  3d  of  September ;  ar»d  as  tiie 
water  was  but  just  deep  enough  to  navigate  tl).e  ves- 


1321 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


sel,  many  unsuccessful  attempts  were  made  to  bring 
her  near  enough  to  get  on  shore  :  it  was  therefore 
determined  to  land  m  one  of  the  boats,  -while  the 
ship  kept  plying  off  and  on.  ^ 

in  coiisequence  of  this  resolution,  on  the  3d  cf 
September,  the  Captain,  accompanied  by  Messrs, 
Banks  and  Solander,  and  attended  by  the  boat*s 
crew  and  Mr.  Ranks'  servant,  set  out  in  the  pin- 
nace ;  but  when  they  came  within  two  hundred 
yards  of  the  shore,  the  water  was  so  shallow,  that 
they  were  obliged  to  leave  the  boat  to  the  care  of 
two  of  the  sailors,  and  wade  to  land-  They  were  no 
sooner  clear  of  the  water,  thau  they  saw  several 
prints  of  human  feet  on  the  sand,  below  high-water- 
mark, whence  it  was  evident,  that  the  natives  had 
been  very  lately  there. 

Our  adventurers  were  now  near  a  quarter  of  a 
lliile  from  the  pinnace,  when  three  of  the  natives  ran 
out  of  the  woods,  about  one  hundred  yards  bevond 
them,  shouting  in  the  most  violent  manner.    They 
instantly  ran  towards  our  countrymen,  the  first  of 
the  three  throwhig  something  out  of  his  hand,  which 
flew  on  one  side  of  him,  burning  in  the  same  manner 
as  gunpowder,  but  making  no  noise,  while  the  other 
two  threw  their  lances.    The  English   now  'fired, 
when  the  natives  stopped,  and  cast  another  lance, 
on  which  the  muskets  were  loaded  v»ith  ball,  and 
again  fired.    The  poor   Indians  now  ran  off  witri 
expedition,  having,  most  probably,  been   wounded 
in  the  unequal  conflict-    Captain  Cook  and  his  com- 
panions, UP. willing  farther  to  injure  those  who  C""iild 
not  originally  have  int»^nded  them  any  haim, retreat- 
ed hastily  to  the  boat,  which  having  reached,  they 
rowed  abreast  of  the  natives,  who  by  this  time  y/ere 
Assembled  to  the  number  of  about  eighty*    Their 
stature  was  nearly  the  same  with  that  of  the  inhabi- 
tants ot  New  Scuth  Wales,  but  their  colour  was  not 
quite  so  dark.    During  the  survey  that  was  takea  of 
tliem,  the>  continued  Jeahigofftheirfires,a  fe»*  at  a 
time,  in  a  kind  of  regular  platof  ms  ;  they  were  dis- 
charged by  me:*ns  of  a  piece  of  stick,  aimost  like  a 
h9llo)y  cane,^irhich  being  swung  sideways,  produced 


FIRST  VOYAGE. 


^'JKi   .  wWa. 


hre  and  smoke,  exactly  .like  that  occasioned  by  tW^' 
firing   of  small  arms.    The  crew  on  board  the 
s^ipsaw   this  strange    phenomenon,   and  thought 
the  natives  had  fire-arms.    The  gentlemen  having 
satisfied  their  curiosity,  by  attentively  looking  at  i 
these  people,  fired  some  muskets  above  their  heads, 
the  balls  from  which  being  heard  to  rattle  among  f 
the  trees,  the  natives  deliberately  retired-    The  Ian-  a 
ces  which  had  been  thrown  after  the   gentle mcrf 
landed,  were  made  of  a  reed  cr  bamboo  cane,  ^ndt 
the  points  were  made  of  hard  wood,  barbed  in  seVe^; 
ral  places ;  it  is  imagined,  that  these  laiices  w^re 
discharged  by  means  of  a  throwing  stick>  as  they 
flew  with  great  swiftness  above  sixty  yards. 

The  whole  coast  of  this  country  is  low  land,  but 
clothed  with  a  richness  of  trees  and  herbage,  which 
exceeds  all  description*  The  cocoa-nut  trees  were 
also  very  numel*ous. 

On  the  evening  of  the  9th,  they  saw  what  had  the 
appearance  of  land.  The  ship  stood  off  and  on  dur- 
ing the  might,  when  a  number  of  fires  were  sefen  on 
the  island,  and  the  next  morning  smoke  was  seen! 
m  several  places,  whence  it  was  conjefjtured  .that 
the  p^dce  was  well  peopled. 

On  the  16th,  they  had  sight  of  thfj  fittle  island 
called  Rot te;  and  the  same  day  saw  the  island 
Semau. 

At  ten  o'clock  this  night  a  dull  reddish  light  was 
seen  in  the  air.  This  phenomenon,  which  reached 
about  ten  degrees  above  ihe  horizon*  bore  a  consi- 
derable resemblance  to  the  Aurora  Borealis,  only 
that  the  rays  of  light  which  it  emitted  hud  no  tre- 
mulous motion.  It  was  surveyed  for  two  hours,  dur- 
ing  which  time  its  brightness  continued  undiminish- 
ed. ' 

As  the  ship  was  now  clear  of  all  the  islands  which 
had  been  laid  down  in  such  maps  as  were  on  board, 
they  made  sail  during  the  night,  and  were  surprised 
thfj  next  morning  at' the  sight  of  aiusland  to  the 
west-south-west,  which  they  flattered  themselves 
waa  a  new  discovery.  Betbre  noon  they  had  sight 
Oi  houses,  groves  of  cocoa-i>ut  trees,  and  large  flocks 


134 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


^. 


of  sheep.  Tliis  was  a  welcome  sight  to  people 
whose  health  was  declining  for  want  of  refresh- 
ments. 'I'he  second  Lieutenant  was  immediately 
dispatched  in  the  pinnace,  in  search  of  a  landing- 
place  ;  and  he  took  with,  him  such  things  as  it  was 
thought  might  be  acceptable  to  the  natives :  Dr. 
Solandcr  went  with  him. 

Two  horsemen  were  seen  from  the  ship,  one  of 
whom  had  a  laced  hat  on,  and  was  drest  in  a  coat 
and  waistcoat,  of  the  fashion  of  Europe-  These  men 
rode  about  on  shore,  taking  little  notice  of  the  boat, 
but  regardiiig  the  ship  with  the  utmost  attention. 
As^  soon  as  the  boat  reached  the  shore,  some  other 
persons  on  horseback,  and  many  on  foot,  hastened  to 
the  spot,  and  it  was  observed  that  some  cocoa-nuts 
were  put  into  the  boat,  fronr*  whence  it  was  conclj*^- 
ed,  that  a  traffic  had  commenced  with  the  n*  i^' 
A  signal  being  made  from  the  boat,  that  the  ^hip 
might  anchor  in  a  bay  at  some  distance,  she  inane- 
diately  bore  away  for  it. 

ii.  When  the  Lieutenant  came  on  board,  he  reported 
that  he  could  not  purchase  iny  cccoa-nuts,  as  tl^e 
owner  of  t^f  in  wp.s  absent,  and  that  what  he  had 
brought  were  given  him  ;  in  return  for  which  he 
had  presented  the  natives  ^vith  some  linen.  The 
method  by  which  he  learnt  that  there  was  a  har- 
bour in  the  neighbourhood,  was  by  the  natives  draw- 
ing a  kind  of  rude  map  on  the  s^]id,  in  which  the 
harbour,  and  a  town  near  it,  were  represented ;  it 
was  likewise  hinted  to  him  that  fruit,  fowls,  hcgs,  and 
sheep,  might  be  there  obtained  in  great  abundance. 
He  saw  several  of  the  principal  inhabitants  of  the 
island,  who  wore  chains  of  gold  about  their  necks, 
and  were  dressed  in  fine  linen.  When  the  boat's 
crew  were  on  the  point  of  returnhig  to  the  ship,  the 
gentleman  who  had  been  seen  on  horse^back  in  the 
dress  of  Europe,  cauie  down  to  the  beach  5  but  die 
Lieutenant  did  not  think  it  proper  to  hold  a  confe- 
rence with  him,  because  he  had  left  his  comrtiission 
on  board  the  ship. 

In  the  evening,  when  the  ship  had  entered  ihe  bay 


FIRST  VOYAGE. 


135 


to  whidr  tl»ey  had  been  recommended,  an  Indian 
town  was  seen  at  a  small  distance^  upon  which  a 
jack  was  hoisted  on  che  fore-top-inast  head.  Pre  • 
sently  afterwards  three  guns  were  fired,  and  Dutch 
colours  were  hoisted  in  the  town.  The  ship,  how- 
ever, held  on  her  way,  and  came  to  an  anchor  at  se- 
ven in  the  evening. 

The  colours  beinp;  seen  hoisted  on  the  beach  the 
neit  morning,  the  Captain  concluded  that  the  Ekitch 
had  a  settlement  on  the  island  ;  he  therefore  dis- 
patched the  second  Lieutenant  to  mention  what  ne- 
cessaries they  were  in  want  of. 

He  was  conducted  to  the  Raja,  or  King  of  the 
island,  to  whom,  by  means  of  a  Portuguese  interpre- 
ter, he  made  known  hi|  business.  The  Raja  said« 
he  was  ready  to  supply  the  ship  With  the  necessary 
refreshments  i;  but  that  he  could  <»ot  trade  with 
any  other  people  but  the  Dutch,  with  whom  he 
was  in  alliance,  without  having  fii'st  obtained  their 
consent  j  but  that  he  would  make  appUcatron  to 
tlic  Dutch  Agent,  whowastheonly  white  man  among 
them.  'This  Agent,  whose  name  was  La'jge,  behav- 
ed politely  to  the  Lieutenant,  and  told  him,  he 
might  buy  what  he  thought  proper  of  Jhe  inhabitants 
ttf  die  island. 

Immediately  after  the  Raja  and  Mr-  Ii«ange  inti- 
xnated  their  wishes  to  goon  board  the  ship,  and  that 
t?/o  of  the  boat's  crew  might  be  left  as  hostages  for 

er  safe  return ;   the  Lieutenant  gratified  both 


'ht^ 


^  requests,  and  took  them  on  board  Just  before 
{i  V  jer  was  served.  It  was  thought  that  they  would 
have  sat  down  withotit  ceremony  ;  but  after  some 
hesitation,  the  Raja  iutiniated  his  doubts,  whether, 
beinga  ack,t]icy  would  pA'mit  him  tositdownwitfe 
tliem.  The  politeness  of  thi  officers  soon  removed 
his  scruples,  and  the  greatest  good  humour  and 
festivity  prevailed  among  them.  As  Dr.  Solander» 
and  another  gentleman  en  board,  were  tolerable 
proHcients  in  Dutch,  they  acted  as  interpreters^  be- 
tween^Mr,  Lange  and  the  officers,  while  seme  of  the 
sailors,  who  understood  Porlugue^j  conversed  with 


i36 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


such  of  the  Raja's  attendants  as  spoke  that  language. 
The  chief  part  of  the  dinner  was  mutton,  whici 
the  Raja  having  tasted,  he  begged  an  English  sheep, 
and  the  only  one  which  they  had  left  was  given  him, 
He  then  asked  for  a  dog,  and  Mr.  Banks  gave  him 
his  grey-hound  ;  and  a  spying-glass  was  presented 
to  him,  on  Mr-  Lange's  intimating  that  it  would  be 
acceptable. 

The  visitors  now  told  Captain  Cook,  that  there 
WAS  great  plenty  of  fowls,  hogs,  sheep,  and  buffa- 
loes on  the  island,  numbers  of  which  should  be  con- 
veyed to  the  sea  shore  on  the  following  day,  that  he 
might  purchase  what  was  necessary  for  the  recove- 
jy  of  the  sick,  and  for  sea  stores*     This  welcome 

news  j^  I Teat  spirits  to  the  company,  and  the  bottle 

went  so  .  »kly  round,  that  Mr*  Lange  and  his  com- 
panions became  almost  intoxicated.  They  had, 
however,  the  resolution  to  express  a  desire  to  de- 
part, before  they  were  quite  drunk.  Messi-s.  Solan- 
der  and  Banks  went  ashore  with  the  visitors,  who 
weine  saluted  at  thew  departure  witli  nine  guns, 
which  they  returned  with  three  cheers. 

On  the  following  day  the  Captain,  attended  fcy 
several  gentlemen,  went  on  shore  to  return  the  Ra- 
ja's visit;  but  their  principal  intention  was,  to  buy 
the  refreshments  which  had  been  mentioned  l^e 
prccedin'5  day.  When  they  landed,  thev  were  cha- 
grined to  find  that  the  cattle  had  aot  been  driven 
oowh  to  the  beach.    They  went  on  tft  the  towa 

The  Raja  was  at  the  house  of  assembly,  surround- 
ed by  many  of  his  principal  subjects;  and  Mr* 
Lange  also  attended.  Captain  Cook  having  informed 
tnem  that  he  had  loaded  his  boat  with  gooids,  which 
lie  wished  to  exchange  f6r  necessary  refreshments, 
permission  was  given  to  land  his  effects.  The  Csw)- 
tain  now  endeavoured  to  make  an  agreement  for 
the  hogs,  sheep,  and  buffaloes,  which  we|«  to  be 
paid  for  in  cash ;  but  this  business  was  no  sooner 
hinted  at  than  Mr.  Lange  took  his  leave,  having;  finC 
told  the  Captain,  that  he  must  make  his  agreement 
yf\fh  the  natives ;  and  adding,  that  he  had  received  » 


*.'♦ 


■m 


FIRST  VOYAGE. 


337 


*r 


.letter  from  the  Governor  of  Concordia,  in  Timor, 
the  contents  of  wluch  should  be  disclosed  at  his  re- 
turn. 

They  were  invited  to  dine  with  the  Raja,  but  he 
did  not  partake  of  the  entertainment,  as  it  was  not 
custo  iary  here  to  sit  down  with  their  guests* 
They  began  their  dinner,  which  consisted  ot  pork 
and  rice,  very  excellent  of  their  kinds,  served  up 
in  thirty-six  dishes,  and  three  earthen  bowls,  filled 
with  a  kind  of  broth,  in  which  the  pork  had  been 
boiled.  The  spoons  were  formed  of  leaves,  but  were 
so  small,  that  the  hunger  of  the  guests  would 
scarcely  allow  them  patience  to  use  them. 

When  dinner  was  ended,  the  Captain  invited  the 
Raja  to  drink  wine  with  htm  ;  but  this  he  declined 
sayifig,  that   the    man  who  entertained  company 
should  never  get  dnmk  with  his  guests. 

When  the  oottle  had  circulated  some  time.  Cap- 
tain Cook  began  to  inquire  after  the  cattle  that  were 
promised  to  be  driven  down  to  the  beach  ;  when 
Mr.  Lange  informed  him,  that  in  the  letter  which 
he  had  received  from  the  Governor  of  Concordia,  in- 
structions were  given,  that  if  the  ship  should  toucii 
at  the  island,  and  be  in  want  of  provisions,  sha 
should  be  supplied  ;  but  that  he  was  not  to  permit 
her  to  remain  longer  than  was  absolutely  neces- 
sary. That  no  presepts  were  to  be  mad^  to  the  na- 
tives of  low  rank,  nor  even  left  with  their  superiors 
to  be  divided  among  them  after  the  ship,  had  sailed  ; 
but,  he  added,  that  any  trifling  civilities  received 
from  the  Indians,  might  be  acknowledged  by  a  pi^e- 
sent  of  beads,  or  any  otlier  articles  of  small  value* 
It  is  a  very  probable  conjecture^  that  the  whole  of 
this  story  was  of  Mr.  Lange's  own  manufacture, 
and  solely  calculated  to  draw  all  the  presents  of  any 
value  into  his  own  pock  et. 

Soon  after  this  the  Captain  was  informed^  that 
some  sheep  had  been  driven  down  to  the  beach  ; 
but  had  been  conveyed  away  before  the  men  could 
get  money  from  the  ship  to  pay  for  them,  and  that 
not  a  single  hog  or  buflaloe  had  been  driven  down ; 

VOL.f  M 


> 


13t$ 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


irr-i;" 


but  that  a  small  number  of  fowls,  and  a  quantity  of  I 
the  palm  sirup  had  beeh  bought. 

lieaitily  vexed  to  be  thus  disappointed  of  the 
chief  articles  \.  hich  were  wanted,  the  Captain  re* 
xnonstrated  with  Mr.  Lange,  who  told  him,  that  if] 
he  and  his  officers  had  gcHie  to  the  spot,  they  might 
have  purchased  any  thing  they  pleased  ;  but  that 
the  Indians  imagined  the  seamen  would  impose  on 
them  with  coiinterfeit  money. 

This*  story  was  no  more  credited  than  the  for- 
mer ;  but  not  to  lose  more  time  in  a  case  of  such 
nrgtncy,  the  Captain  instantly  repaired  to  the 
beach  ;  but  there  were  no  cattle  to  be  bought 
During  his  absence,  Lange  informed  Mr.  Banks 
that  the. Indians  were  offended,  that  the  seamen  had 
not  pfTered  gold  for  what  they  had  t<S  sell;  and  that 
no  other  metal  would  purchase  their  commodities; 
but  Mr.  Banks,  disdaining  to  hold  farther  conversa^ 
lion  with  a  man  who  had  been  guilty  of  such  repeat- 
ed  subterfuges,  left  him  abruptly. 

On  the  20th  the  Captain  and  Dr.  Solander  ^6nt 
again  on  shore,  and  while  the  latter  proceeded  to  the 
town  in  search  of  Lange,  the  Captain  staid  on  the 
beach)  T"^ith  a  view  to  buy  cattle.  At  this  pla<;e  was 
an  old  man,  who  had  been  distinjguished  by  the  name 
of  prime  minister,  because  he  appeared  to  be  invest- 
ed with  considerable  authority  ;  and  the  Captaia 
now  presented  him  with  a  spying  glass,  in  order  to 
make  a  friend  of  him.  At  pl^escnt  there  was 
nothing  brought  for  sale  but  a'^mall  buffaloe,  for 
-which  five  guineas  were  demanded.  Though  the 
Captain  knew  that  this  was  double  its  value,  yet  he 
bid  three  guineas,  as  he  was  willing  to  begin  dealing 
at  any  rate.  The  per^n  who  had  it  to  sell  said,  he 
could  not  take  the  money  till  the  Raja  had  been  in- 
formed what  was  offered ;  on  which  a  man  was 
sent  t6  him,  who  soon  came  back  with  a  message, 
that  five  guineas  would  be  the  lowest  price  :thistTie 
Captaia  refused  to  give  ;  on  which  a  second  minis- 
ter was  dispatched,  who  staying  a  long  time,  Cap- 
tain Cook  was  anxiously  expecting  his  retitrn.  ^vhen 


^iliPiPlliiPililNPME 


FIRST  VOYAGE. 


159 


he  saw  Dr.  Solander  coming  towards  the  beach,  es-^ 
corted  by  more  than  a  hundred  persons,  some  of 
whom  had  lances  in  their  hands,  and  the  rest ^Acre 
^rmed  with  muskets.  When  the  Doctor  arrived 
at  the  marketing  place,  he  informed  the  Captain 
that  Lange  had  interpreted  to  him  a  message  from 
the  Riija,  viae  substance  of  which  was,  that  the  na- 
tives were  averse  to  all  traffic  with  the  English,  be**^ 
cause  they  woiild  not  give  above  half  the  real  worth 
of  the  things  which  were  oft*ei*ed  for  sale ;  and  that 
all  trading  whatever  should  be  prohibited  after  that 
day.        „ 

A  native  of  Timor,  whose  parents  were  Portu- 
guese, came  down  with  this  party,  and  dehvered  to 
the  Captain  what  was  pretended  to  be  the  order  of 
the  Raja,  and  which  was  in  substance  the  same  as 
Lange  had  told  Dr.  Solander  ;  but  it  was  afterwards 
discovered^  that  this  man  was  a  confederate  of 
Lange's  in  the  scheme  of  extortion.  The  Englisb 
gentlemen  had  at  the  same  tim^  no  doubt,  but  that  , 
the  supposed  order  of  the  Raja  was  a  contrivance  of 
these  men  ;  and  while  they  were  debating  how  they 
should  act  in  this  critical  conjuncture,  anxious  to 
brag  the  aflpiiir  to  o^  speedy  issue,  the  Portuguese  be- 
gan to  drive  aw^y  such  of  the  natives  as  had  brought 
palm-sirup  and  fowls  to  sell,  and  Others  who  were 
now  bringmg  sheep  and  buffaloes  to  the  market 

Just  at  this  juncture.  Captain  Cook  happening  to 
look  at  the  old  man  who  had  been  distinguished  by 
the  name  of  prime-minister,  imagined  that  he  saw 
in  his  features  a  disapprobation  of  the  present  pro- 
ceeding's ;  and  willing  to  improve  the  advantage,  he 
graspeci  tlie  Indian's  hand,  and  gave  him  an  old 
broad-sword.  This  well-timed  present  produced 
all  the  good  effects  that  could  be  wished ;  the  prime- 
minister  was  enraptured  at  so  honourable  a  mark  of 
(Jistinction,  and,  brandishing  his  sword  over  the  head 
qf  the  impertinent  Portuguese,  he  made  both  him, 
and  a  man  who  commanded  the  party,  sit  down  be- 
hind him  on  the  ground.  The  whole  business  was 
now  accomplished ;  the  native^,  eager  to  supply 


140 


CAPTAIN  COOK*S 


whatever  was  wa\;ted,  broug;ht  their  cattle  in  fot 
sale,  and  the  market  was  soon  stocked^  For  the  first 
two  buffaloes  Captain  Cook  gave  ten  guineas  ;  but 
he  afterwards  purchased  them  by  way  of  exchange, 
giving  a  musket  for  each  ;  and  at  thi:i  rate  he  might 
have  bou);ht  any  n^imber  he  thought  proper.  There 
seems  to  be  no  doubt  but  that  Lange  had  a  profit 
out  of  the  first  two  that  were  sold,  and  that  his  rea- 
son for  having  sard  that  the  natives  would  take  noth- 
ing but  gold  tor  their  cattle,  was,  that  he  might  the 
ir»ore  easily  share  in  the  produce.  Captain  Cook 
purchased  of  the  natives  of  this  island  some  hundred 
gallons  of  palm-sirup,  a  small  quantity  of  garlic,  a 
large  number  of  eggs,  spome  limes,  and  cocoa-nuts, 
thirty  dozen  of  fowis«  three  hogs,  ^x  sheep,  and  nine 
buffaloes. 

Having  at  leng[th  obtained  these  necessary  re- 
freshments, Captain  Cook  prepared  for  sailing  from 
tills  plaice. 

This  island  is  called  Sava  ;  it  is  situated  In  10  de- 
grees 35  minutes  south  latitude,  and  237  degrees  30 
minutes  west  longitude,  and  has  hitlierto  been  very 
Mttle  known,  or  very  imperfectly  described.  Its 
length  is  between  twenty  and  thirty  miles ;  but  its 
breadth  could  not  be  ascertained.  At  the  time  the 
Endeavour  lay  there  it  was  near  the  end  of  the  dry 
season,  when  it  had  not  rained  for  almost  seven 
months  ;  nor  was  there  any  running  stream  of  fresh 
water  to  be  seen,  and  the  natives  were  supplied 
only  by  small  springs,  situated  at  a  distance  up  the 
country.  The  rains  in  this  country  cease  in  March 
or  April,  and  fall  again  in  October  or  November ; 
and  these  mins  produce  abundance  of  indigo,  millet, 
and  maize,  which  grow  beneath  the  noblest  trees  in 
the  universe. 

Besides  these  articles,  the  island  produces  tobac- 
co,cotton,  betle«  tamarinds,  limes,  oranges,  mangoes, 
Guinea-corn,  rice,  callevances,  and*  water-melons. 
A  trifling  quantity  of  cinnamon  was  seen,  and  some 
European  herbs,  such  as  garlic,  fennel,  celery,  and 
marjoram :  besides  which  there  ate  fruits  of  va* 


FII^ST  VOYAGE. 


141 


rious  kir)<ls,  and  particularly  the  blmbi,  which  has 
a  sharp  taste,  and  is  said  to  be  a  fine  pickle,  but  it 
is  not  c?aten  raw. 

Several  buftaloes  were  seen  on  this  island,  which 
were  almost  as  large  as  an  ox  :  and  from  a  pair  of 
enormous  horns  of  this  animal  which  Mr.  Banks 
saw,  it  was  conjectured,  that  some  of  them  were 
miich  larger  ;  yet  they  did  not  weigh  more  than 
haliasmuch  as  an  oxof  the  same  apparent  size, 
having  lost  the  greater  part  of  their  flesh  through 
the  late  dry  weather;  the  meat,  however,  was  jui- 
cy, and  of  a  delicate  flavour.  The  horns  of  these  ani- 
mals bend  backwards,  they  have  no  dewlaps,  nor 
scarce  any  hair  on  their  skins,  and  their  ^^ars  are 
remarkably  lai-ge.  The  other  tame  animals  on  the 
island  are  dogs,  cats,  pigeons,  fowls,  hogs,  goats, 
sheep,  asses,  and  hcrrses. 

Few  of  the  horses  are  above  twelve  hands  high, 
yet  they  ?.re  full  of  mettle,  and  pace  naturally  in  an 
expeditious  manner  ;  the  natives  ride  them  with  a 
halter  only.  The  sheep  are  not  unlike  a  goat,  and 
are  therefore  called  cabritos.  The  sea-coast  fur- 
nishes tlie  inhabitants  with  turtle,  but  not  in  any 
great  abundance. 

The  natives  of  the  island  of  Savu  are  rather  be- 
low the  middle  stature ;  their  hair  is  black  and 
straight;  and  persons  of  all  ranks,  as  well  those 
that  are  exposed  to  the  weather, ;' .  those  that  are 
not,  have  one  general  complexion,  which  is  dark 
brown.  The  men  are  well  formed  and  sprightly, 
and  their  features  differ  much  from  each  other  ;  the 
women,  on  the  contrary,  have  all  one  set  of  fea- 
tures, and  are  very  short  and  broad  built. 

The  men  have  silver  pincers  hanging  by  strings 
round  their  necks,  with  which  they  pluck  out  the 
hair  of  their  beards ;  and  both  m6n  and  women 
root  out  the  hair  that  grows  under  the  arms. 

The  dre?'iof  the  men  consistsof  two  pieces  of  cot* 
ton  cloth,  one  of ,  which  inbound  round  the  middle, 
and  the  lower  edge  of  it  Vbing  drawn  pretty  tight 
jjvj^^een  the  legs,  the  upper  edge  is  left  loosC|  so  as 


142 


CAPTAIN  COOK  S 


/       L.  . 


to  forin  a  kind  of  a  pocket  in  which  they  carry  ihcir 
knives  and  other  things;  the  other  picxe  being  pa?. 
sed  under  the  former,  on  the  back  of  the  wearer, 
the  ends  of  it  are  carried  over  tlie  shoulders,  an^ 
tucked  into  the  pocket  before.  The  women  draw 
the  upper  edge  of  the  piece  round  the  waist  tight, 
whiJe  the  lower  edge  dropping  to  the  knees,  makes 
a  kind  of  a  petticoat :  the  other  piece  of  cloth  is  fas- 
tened across  the  breast,  and  under  the  arms-  This 
cloth,  which  is  manufactured  by  the  nativesi  is  dyed 
blue  while  in  th^  yarn ;  and,  as  it  is  of  various  shades, 
its  look  when  it  comes  to  be  worn  is  very  beautiM 
The  ornaments  of  the  natives  of  Sslvu  are  very 
numerous,  and  consist  of  rings,  beads  worn  round 
the  neck  and  on  the  wrists,  and  chains  of  plaited 
gold  wire  likewise  hung  round  the  neck :  these 
tilings  were  worn  by  both  sexes;  but  the  women  had 
also  girdles  of  beads  round  their  waist*  which  help* 
ed  to  keep  out  the  petticoat 

The  houses  on  the  island  of  Savu  are  of  different 
lengths,  from  t?,venty  feet  to  four  hundred,  according 
to  Uie  rank  of  the  inhabitant,  and  are  fixed  on  posts 
about  four  or  five  feet  from  the  ground.  The  hou;  es 
are  generally  divided  into  three  rooms  of  equal  size, 
the  centre  room  being  set  apart  for  the  use  of  the 
women ;  and  sometimes  smaller  rooms  are  inclosed 
from  the  sides  of  the  building,  the  who^e  of  which 
is  thatched  with  the  leaves  ot  the  palm  tree. 

The  natives  eat  of  all  the  tame  animals  which  the 
island  produces,  but  they  prefer  the  hog  to  all  the 
rest ;  next  vo  the  hog's  flesh  they  admire  that  of  the 
horse,  to  which  succeeds  the  bufaloe,  and  then  the 
poultry  ;  and  they  like  the  flesl  of  cats  and  dogs 
much  better  than  that  of  goats  and  jiheep.  They 
seldom  eat  fish» 

The  fan-palm  is  the  roost  remarkabfe,  and  most 
useful  tree  that  grows  on  the  island,  its  uses  being 
equally  great  and  various*  Soon  after  the  buds  put 
fourth,  the  natives  cut  Aem,  and  tying  under  them 
little  baskets,  formed  oi  the  leaves  of  the  tree,  a 
Uq^uof  drops  into  thenii  which  hastbe  taste  of  a  li^it 


FIRSt  VOYAGE. 


14 


3 


*  A--- 


ii  f 


w'me,  ana  is  the  common  liquor  of  all  the  InTiaBItants. 
The  leaves  of  the  tree  are  *pp!ietl  to  the  various 
uses  of  making  tobacco-pipes,  umbrellas,  cups, 
baskets,  and  the  thatching  of  houses-  The  fruit  is 
nearly  of  the  size  of  a  full-grown  turnip  ;  but  the 
natives  are  not  fond  of  it. 

The  island  consists  of  five  divisions,  each  of  which 
has  a  Raja,  or  Chief  Governor  of  its  own.  7'hese 
divisions  are  called  TiMO,  Massara,  Receeua,  * 
Lam,  and  Seba.  It  was  on  this  last  division  that 
our  English  adventurers  weht  on  sJiore ;  the  Raja  of 
^?hich  was  between  thirty  and  forty  years  of  age, 
and  remarkable  for  his  t^prpulency.  He  governs  his 
people  with  the  most  absolute  authority,  but  ttikes 
on  him  very  little  of  the  parade  or  pomp  of  roy- 
alty.       •  / 

The  natives  are  so  expert  in  the  use  of  their  lances, 
that  they  will  throw  them  with  such  force  and  ex- 
actness, as  to  pierce  a  man  through  the  heart  at  the 
distanceof  si  Kty  or  seventy  yards. 

The  inhabitants  of  Savu  ai^  divided  into  five 
ranks;  the  Rajas,  the  land-owners,  manufacturers, 
labourers*  and  slaves.  The  land-owners  are  I'e- 
spected  in  proportion  to  the  extent  of  their  lands, 
and  the  number  of  their  slaves,  which  last  are 
bought  and  sold  with  the  estate  to  which  they 
belong ;  but  when  a  slave  is  bought  separately,  a  fat 
liog  is  the  price  of  the  purchase.  Though  a  man 
may  sell  his  slave  in  this  manner,  or  convey  him 
with  his  lands,  yet  his  power  over  him  extends  no 
farthec,  for  he  must  not  even  strike  him  without  the 
Haja's  peitnlsEion. 

The  natives  in  general  are  robust  and  healthy, 
and  had  the  appearance  of  being  long-lived.  The 
small-pox  has  tound  its  wav  to  this  island,  and  is  as 
much  dreaded  as  the  pestile  npe,  When  this  disorder 
attacks  any  person,  he  is  carried  to  some  spot  at  a 
great  distance  from  any  house,  where  his  food  is  con- 
veyed to  him  by  means  of  a  long  stick,  for  no  one 
"•vill  venture  vei^  near  the  invalid,  ^yho  is  thus  left 
^0  take  his  Chance  ofUfe  or  death.  ^ 


lU 


CAPTAIN  COOK  S 


The  island  of  Savu  having  been  visited  by  Uk; 
Portuguese  almost  at  their  first  sailing  into  this  pari 
of  the  world,  th<;>'  established  a  settlemr nt  upon  it; 
but  in  a  little  time  they  were  succeeded  by  the 
Dutch,  who,  though  they  did  uot  formally  possess 
themselves  of  the  island,  sent  a  number  of  trading 
vessels  to  establish  a  treaty  of  commerce  with  the 
natives.  The  principal  object  of  this  treaty  is,  that 
the  Rajas  should  furnish  the  Dutch, for  the  con- 
sumption of  their  spice  islands,  with  rice,  maize,  Sec 
annually,  and  they  are  to  return  the  value  in  arrack, 
cutlery  wares,  linen,  and  silk.  In  this  agreement 
the  Rajas  stipulated,  th^t  a  Dutch  resident  should 
be  constantly  on  the  island,  to  observe  that  theii 
part  of  the -contract  was  fulfilled. 

As  soon  as  this  was  accomplished,  they  sent  Mr. 
Lange  to  act  as  their  resident.  Once  every  two 
months  he  is  attended  by  fifty  slaves  on  horseback. 
sind  in  this  state  visits  eacli  of  the  Rajas.  He  con- 
stantly takes  with  him  a  nuantity  of  arr^  ,  by  the 
help  of  which  he  does  not  fail  of  i^akii  jvauta- 
geous  bargains  with  the  Rajas. 
'  Lange  nad  been  on  this  island  ten  years,  during 
nil  which  time  he  had  not  seen  a  white  person,  ex 
cept  those  who  came  annually  in  the  Dutch  ship  to 
carry  off  the  rice-  He  is  married  to  an  Indian  wo- 
man, a  native  of  the  island  of  Timor,  and  he  lives 
in  the  same  manner  as  the  inhabitants  of  Savu, 
whose  language  he  speaks  better  than  any  other; 
like  them  too  he  sits  on  the  ground  and  chews  betle, 
and  has  so  perfectly  adopted  their  manners,  that  he 
is  an  absolute  Indian,  except  in  dress  and  complex- 
ion. 

The  morality  of  these  people  is  of  the  purest 
kind.  A  robbery  is  sparce  ever  committed,  and  a 
murder  is  never  perpetrated.  When  any  disputes 
arise  between  the  natives,  they  instantly  submit  the 
point  in  debate  to  the  decif^ion  of  the  Raja,  and  rest 
perfectly  satisfied  with  h5s  determination.  No  man 
is  permitted  to  marry  ipor^  than  one  wife ;  yet  a 
violation  of  the  marria^e-b^di  or  ev^n  the  crime  4 


FIRST  VOYAGE. 


14$ 


simple  foi*nication,  h  Mmo^  y^holty  unktrtdWii  ^mong 
them. 

Of  the  islands  in  the  nei^Ubourhood  of  Savn,  the 
principal  is  Timor,  which  is  annually  visited  by  the 
Dtttch  residents  on  the  other  islands,  in  oi*acr  to 
make  up  their  accounts. 

A  French  ship  was  wrecked  on  the  coast  of  Ti- 
mor about  two  years  before  the  Endeavour  was  in 
these  seas.  She  had  been  lodged  on  the  rock  seve- 
ral days,  when  the  wind  tore  her  to  pieces  in  an  in- 
stant, and  the  Captain,  with  the  greater  number  ot  the 
seamen,  were  drowned ;  but  a  Lieutenant  and  about 
eighty  nr>en  reached  tlve  shore,  where  their  immediate 
necessities  were  relieved,  after  which  they  returned 
to  the  wreck,  In  company  with  some  Dutch  and  In- 
dians, who  assisted  them  in  recovering  all  theif 
chests  of  buUion«  some  of  their  guns  and  other  effects, 
which  being  done,  thfey  returned,  where  they  i^- 
mained  several  weeks  ;  but  '  i  this  interval,  cfeath 
xnade  such  hav6c  among  them,  that  not  above  hak 
their  number  nemained  to  be  sent  to  their  native 
country. 

The  Endeavour  sailed  from  the  island  of  Savu  on 
6ie  31st  of  September,  1770,  and  bent  her  course 
westward. 

On  the  28th  tJiey  steered  north-west  the  whole 
day,  in  order  to  get  sight  of  tile  land  of  Java  ;  and  on 
the  30th  the  Captain  received  from  most  of  the  of- 
ficers and  seamen  their  respective  journals  of  the 
voyage,  regarding  which,  he  advised  them  to  ob- 
serve the  most  profound  !>ecrecy  :  and  he  likewise 
possessed  himself  of  the  log-boofc.  In  the  night  fol- 
lowing there  was  a  storm  of  thuiuier  and  lightning, 
when  the  land  of  Java  was  seen  to  the  eastward  by 
the  brightness  of  the  U^tning. 

Early  in  the  morning  of  the  2d  ofOctol^er,  when 
tl^e  ship  was  in  iifiteen  tatiioms  water,  «ive  was  dose 
in  with  the  coast  of  Java,  along  wliich  they  now 
steered-  As  the  ir  faithful  Indian  friend  Tupiawa« 
at  this  time  extremely  ill,  the  Captain  dispatched 
<lie  boat  to  the  shore  to  endeavour  to  bring  him 


.  l-^f. 


IM^< 


14^ 


CfVPTAIN  COOK'S 


soi..e  refreshing  fruits,  arid  likewise  to  procure  grass 
for  their  buft'aloes. 

In  a  fev/  hours  they  obtainer^  what  they  were  seni 
on  shore  for,  and  returned  to  the  ship,  which  pro* 
peeded  at  a  slow  rate  during  the  night. 

On  the  3d,  in  the  monung,  the  Dutch  packet-boat 
^vas  observed  i^ailing  after  the  Endeavour.  The 
master  had  brought  with  him  two  books,  in  ohe  of 
■which  he  wrote  dovn  the  Captain's  name,  and  that 
of  the  vessel,  to  be  sent  to  the  Governor  and  Coun- 
cil of  the  Indies ;  and  in  the  other  book  he  requested 
tk^t  some  of  the  gentlemen  on  board  would  likewise 
%vrite  down  the  name  of  the-  vessel,  with  that  of  the 
Captain  ;  where  she  came  from,  and  to  whax  port 
she  was  bound.  These  que 'itions  were  asked  by  the 
Governor  of  Batavia's  directions. 

The  ship  was  obliged  to  eome  to  anchor  in  about 
four  hours,  for  want  of  wind  to  er^able  her  properly 
to  stem  the  current.  A  breeze  scon  springing  up, 
the  vessel  held  on  her  way  till  the  foUpwing  morn- 
ing, when  she  was  again  obliged  to  be  brought  to 
aiichor,  owing  to  the  rapidity  ot  the  current.  This 
day  and  the  next  they  weighed  the  anchor,  and 
broufe'it-to  several  times.  On  the  8th  th»^y  weigh- 
ed, and  stood  clear  of  a  large  ledge  of  rcjcks,  which 
^hey  had  been  near  running  foul  of  the  preceding 
day  ;  but  before  noon  this  day  they  were  once  more 
obliged  to  anchor  near  a  little  island,  which  was  jiot 
laid  down  in  any  chart  that  they  had  on  board.  It  is 
one  of  those  that  bear  the  name  of  the  Milles  Isles ; 
and  Messrs,  Solander  and  Banks  having  landed  up- 
on it,  collected  a  few  plants,  and  shot  a  bat  which 
ivas  a  yard  long,  being  measured  from  the  extreme 
points  of  the  wini!js ;  they  also  killed  a  few  plovers, 
in  all  respects  like  the  English  golden  plover. 

In  a  little  time  after  the  gentlemen  came  back  to 
the  ship,  some  Malays  came  along-side  in  a  boat, 
bringing  with  them  some  pumpkins,  dried  fish,  and 
turtle  for  sale ; .  one  of  the  turtles,  which  weighed 
near  one  hundred  and  fifty  pounds,  they  sold  for  a 
dollar. 


FIRST  VOYAGE. 


i4r 


The  ship  now  made  but  slow  way  till  nigHt,  when 
the  land  breeze  springing  up,  they  sailed  to  the 
east-south-east,  and  on  the  following  day  they  came 
to  an  anchor  in  the  road  o^Batavia. 

The  Endeavour  had  no  sooner  anchored,  than  a 
shin  was  observed,  with  a  broaj  pendant  flying, 
from  which  a  boat  was  dispatched  to  d.*mand  the 
name  of  the  vessol,  with  that  of  theCommanderv&C 
To  these  inquiries  Captain  Cook  gave  such  answers 
as  he  thought  proper,  and  the  officer  who  comjiiand- 
ed  the  boat  departed.  This  gentleman  and  the  crew 
that  attended  hin:  were  so  worn  down  by  the  un- 
healtl. -ness  of  the  climate,  that  they  appeared  but 
as  the  ishadows  of  men;  v/hichthe  Captain  deemed 
a  sad  presage  of  the  havoc  which  death  would  sodn 
make  among  his  crew ;  yet  at  present  there  was 
not  one  invadid  on  board,  except  the  Indian,  Tupia. 
The  English  tars,  whose  want  of  foresight  and  defi- 
ance of  danger  is  notorious,  seemed  not  to  entertain 
the  least  idea  that  evei)  sickness  would  attack  a 
set  of  men  so  hardened  as  they  v^ ere  by  different  cli- 
mates; but  alas !  they  had  very  little  idea  of  the  fetal 
contagion  which  impregnates  the  air  of  Batavia. 

The  ship  was  at  this  time  no  leaky,  that  she  made 
ubout  nine  inches  water  an  hour,  on  the  average  ; 
part  of  her  false  keel  was  gone :  one  of  her  pumps 
vas  totally  useless,  and  the  rest  so  very  much  de- 
cayed, that  they  could  not  last  long.  The  officers 
and  seamen  concurring  in  opinion,  that  the  ship 
could  not  safely  put  to  sea  again  In  this  condition, 
the  Captain  resolved  to  solicit  permission  to  heave: 
her  down  ;  but  as  he  had  learnt  that  this  must  be 
done  in  writing,  he  drew  up  a  petition,  and  had  it 
translated  into  Dutch. 

On  Wednesday  the  10th  of  October,  1770,  the 
Captain  and  the  rest  of  the  gentlemen  went  on  shore» 
and  applied  to  the  English  gentleman  thdn  resident 
at  Batavia  ;  this  gentleman,  whose  name  was  Leith, 
received  his  countrymen  in  th^  politest  manner,  and 

entertained  them  at  dinner  with  great  hospitali^. 
In  the  afternoon  Captain  Cook  attended  the  Go* 


148 


c4P3r4\^  Qogfk's 


ycrnor  Goneral,  wKo  received,  hmi  politely,  and  toM 
himi  to  wait  on  the  Council  the  next  morning,  when 
his  petition  should  be  laid  before  them^  and  every 
thini^  he  soiicited  would  be  readily  gt'anted. 

Late  iHthe  evening  of  this  day  there  happened  a 
labst  terrible  storm  of  thunder  and  liehtning,a€coro- 
Banied  with  very  \eavy  rain,  by  which  a  Dutch  East- 
Indiannran  was  greatly  daniaged  both  in  her  mastj; 
and  rig\;ing.  The  Endeavour,  though  near  this 
Dutch  ship,  escaped  without  damage,  owing,  in 
Captain  Gook*s  opinbn,  to  an  electrical  chainr  which 
conducted  the  lightning  over  the  side  of  the  vessel; 
and  he  recommends  chains  of  the  same  Kind  to  be 
taken  on  board  all  ships,  to  whatever  part  of  the 
globe  they  may  be  bound.  A  sentinel  on,  boariJ  the 
Endeavour,  who  was  charging  his  musket  at  ibe 
time  of  the  storm,  had  it  shaken  out  erf  his  haiid,  and 
the  rann-rod  was  broken  in  pieces:  the  electrical 
chain  looked  like  a  stream  of  fire,  and  the  sh»ip  sus- 
tained a  very  violent  shock* 

Oil  Tuesday  the  11th,  Captain  Cook  waited  on 
the  gentlemen  of  the  Council,  who,  informed  him, 
that  all  his  requests  should  be  complied  with.  In 
the  interim,  the  other  gentleman  made  a  contract 
■with  the  master  of  a  public  hotel,  to  furnish  them 
aiid  their  friends  with  as  much  tc^a,  coffee,  punch, 
and  tobacco,  as  tlvey  might  have  occasion  for,  aiid  to 
keep  them  a  separate  table,  for  nine  shillings  a  day, 
£i^lish  money  ;  but  on  condition  that  eveiy  person 
■who  should  vbit  them,  should  pay  at  the  rate  ct 
four  shilBng[s  and  six  pence  for  his  dinner,  and  the 
same  sum  tor  his  supper  and  bed,  if  he  chose  to 
sleep  at  the  hotel:  they  were  likewise  to  pay  for 
every  servant  that  attended  them  fifteen  pence  a 
day.  It  was  soon  discovered,  that  they  had  been 
vilely  imposed  on  ;  for  these  charges  were  above 
twice  as  much  as  would  have  been  demanded  at  a 
private  house.  They  appeared  to  live  elegantly, 
put  at  the  same  time  were  but  ill  supplied.  Their 
dinner  coiisisted  of  fifteen  dishes,  all  served  up  at 
on^;  and  their  supper  of  thirteen ;  but  of  these, 


FIRST  VOYAGE. 


l^fd 


nine  or  ten  were  of  the  most  ordinary,  because  the 
cheapest  poultry  that  could  be  purchased ;  and 
even  some  of  these  dishes  were  observed  to  be  serv- 
ed up  four  times  successively :  a  duck,  which  was 
hot  at  dinner^  was  brought  cold  in  the  evening  }  the 
next  day  it  appeared  in  the  form  of  a  fricassee,  and 
was  converted  to  forced  meat  at  night. 

The  /(gentlemen  havinf^  found  fault  with  their  fare, 
were  afterwards  suppjlied  in  a  better  manner ;  but 
Mr.  Banks  not  approving  the  conduct  of  the  mastct 
of  the  hotel,  he  hired  lodgings  for  himself  and  his 
attendants  at  the  adjoining  house,  for  which  he 
agreed  to  pay  five  and  forty  shilhngs  a  month.  It 
is  the  universal  custom  here  to  hire  a  carriage ;  and 
Mr.  Banks  engaged  two,  for  which  he  paid  eighteen 
shillings  a  day :  these  carriages  are  open  chaises,  in 
which  two  persons  sit  commodiously,  and  are  driv- 
en by  a  man  sitting  on  a  kind  of  coach  box. 

Their  iTidian  friend  Tupia  had  been  till  this  time 
on  board  very  dangerously  ill,  yet  persisted  to  refuse 
every  medicine  that  was  offered  him:  Mr.  Banks 
now  sent  for  him  to  his  house,  in  the  hope  that  he 
might  reco^^er  his  health.  While  lie  was  in  the  ship, 
and  even  after  he  was  put  into  the  boat,  he  was  m^ 
(lisp^«ed,  and  lowspinted,  t(  he  utmost  degree  5' 
but  the  raoinent  he  came  into  lur  town^  his  wh'^le 
tranne  appeared  as  if  re-animated  I'he  houses, 
the  carriages,  the  people,  and  many  other  objectt^ - 
were  totally  new  to  him  ;  and  astonishment  took  .  os- 
session  of  his  features  at  sights  so  wonderful :  biit  , 
Tupia  was  astonished  at  the  scene,  his  boy,  '  ayota» 
was  perfectly  enraptured,  dancing  along  the  streetai- 
in  an  ecstasy  of  joy,  and  examining  the  several  objrcts 
as  they  presented  themselves,  with  the  mos'  .mx-^ 
nest  inqnisitiveness  and  curiosity. 

Of  all  the  circumstances  which  engaged  the  at- 
tention of  Tupia,  nothing  struck  him  so  much  as  the 
variety  of  dresses  worn  by  the  inhabitants  of  Bata- 
via :  he  inquired  the  reason  of  what  appeared  so 
extraordinary  in  his  eyes,  and  being  informed  that 
the  people  were  of  a  variety  of  nations,  and  that  aU 

VOL.  I.  N 


150 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


/ 


were  dressed  according  to  the  mode  of  their  own 
country,  he  requested  permission  to  follow  the  fash- 
ion :  this  request  being  readily  complied  with,  a  per- 
son was  dispatched  to  the  ship  for  some  South-Sea 
cl'th,  with  v.hich  he  soon  clothed  himself  in  the 
dress  of  Otaheite.  The  people  of  Batavia,  who 
had  seen  an  Indian,  brought  thither  in  Mr.  Bou» 
gainville's  ship,  named  O*itourou,  mistook  Tupia  for 
that  man,  aikd  frequently  inquired  if  he  was  not 
the  same. 

Captain  Cook  now  applied  to  several  persons  to 
pldvance  him  money  sumc;ent  to  defray  the  expense 
of  repairing  the  ship  ;  hut  uo  one  could  be  found 
in  the  whole  town  who  hid  the  requisite  sum  in  his 
poi  session,  or,  if  he  had,  was  willing  to  advanct^it ; 
he  therefore  made  application  to  the  Governor, 
•who  issued  his  orders,  that  he  should  be  scpplied 
out  of  ttie  treasury  of  the  Dutch  East-India  Cora- 

panv- 

After  little  more  than  a  week  spent  at  Batavia, 
the  ill  effects  of  the  climate  began  to  be  severely 
felt  Dr.  Solander  and  Mr.  Banks  were  indisposecl 
•with  fevers;  Mr.  Banks'  two  servants  were  ex- 
ceedingly in ;  the  Indian  bov,  Tayota,  had  an  inflam- 
Hftation  on  his  lungs ;  and  Tupia  was  so  bad  that  his 
Bfe  was  despaired  of.  Their  indisposition  was  at- 
tributed partly  to  the  heat  of  the  climate,  and  part- 
ly to  the  swampy  situation  of  the  town»  ancf  the 
stench  of  the  dirty  cails  with  which  it  abounds- 

By  the  S6thof  the  n  onth,  very  few  of  the  crew 
•were  well  enough  to  do  duty  ;  and  on  this  day  a  tent 
■was  erected  for  their  reception.  Tupia  now  request- 
ed to  be  conveyed  to  the  ship,  in  the  hope  of  breath- 
ing a  purer  air  than  in  the  town,  but  his  request 
could  not  be  granted,  as  she  was  unrigged^  and  pre- 
parations were  making  to  la>  her  down,  in  order 
that  she  might  undergo  a  thorough  repair.  On  the 
28th,  however,  Mr.  Banks  atunded  Tupia  to  Coo- 
per's island,  and  a  tent  was  ])itched  for  him,  in  such 
a  situation,  where  he  was  alternately  refreshed  by 
tl>e  land  and  sea  breezy ;  and  tlie  poor  creatine 


FIRST  VOYAGE. 


1st 


vfSLS  extremely  thankful  that  he  was  so  agreeably 
lodged*  By  this  time  the  surgeon  was  so  ill  that  he 
could  not  leave  his  bed.  Mr.  Banks'  fever  was 
greatly  increased,  and  Dr.  Solander  grew  worse 
esrery  day* 

On  the  5th  of  November,  died  Mr.  Monkhouse, 
the  Surgeon,  whose  loss  was  the  more  se  erely  felt» 
as  he  was  a  man  of  «kill  in  his  profession,  and  fell  a 
sacrifice  to  the  pestiferous  air  of  the  country ,  at  a 
time  when  his  abilities  wv°re  most  wanted-  Dr.  So- 
lander,  though  extremely  ill,  had  strength  sufficient 
to  see  ills  remains  copfimittv^d  to  the  ground  ;  but 
Mr.  £  inks  was  unable  even  to  pay  this  last  sad  duty 
to  a  worthy  man. 

Death  now  advanced  with  hasty  strides  among 
our  adventurous  countrymen,  who  were  equally  un- 
able to  resist  his  power,  or  shun  his  embraces.  Se- 
veral Malay  servants  were  engaged,  to  w  ait  on  those 
who  were  ill;  butthesje  people -were  so  remiss  in 
their  duty,  that  it  was  no  uncommon  thing  for  a  sick 
man  to  leave  his  bed  in  search  x>i  his  attendant. 
The  Indian  boy,  Tayota,  paid  the  debt  of  nature  om 
the  9th  of  this  month,  and  Tupia,  whose  tender  af- 
fection for  the  youth  can  be  equalled  only  by  that 
of  a  parent  for  a  favourite  child,  was  so  shocked  at 
the  loss*  that  it  was  evident  that  he  could  not  long 
survive  him. 

By  this  time  the  ship's  bottom  having  been  care«^v 
fully  surveyed,  our  countrymen  had  ample  reason 
to  be  grateful  to  that  Providence,  by  which  they  had 
been  preserved  during  a  passage  of  several  hundred 
miles,  through  the  most  dangerous  seas  on  the  face 
of  the  globe  ;  for  the  sheathing  in  several  places 
was  torn  from  the  vessel,  the  false  keel  was  in  a  great 
measure  gone,  the  main  keel  was  damaged  in  niany 
parts,  several  of  the  planks  had  received  great  injury, 
and  a  part  of  three  of  them  was  thinner  than  the 
sole  of  a  shoe. 

Messrs.  Solander  and  Banks  were  now  so  worn 
down  by  their  disorders,  that  the  physician  who  at-  . 
tended  them  recommended  the  country  air,  as  the 


•■■^  >.  - 


% 


15^ 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


only  thing  tliat  could  possibly  restore  them  to  the 
ivishes  of  their  friends.  In  consequence  of  this  ad- 
vice, they  hired  a  country  house  of  the  master  of  the 
hotel,  who  enf^aged  to  supply  them  with  slaves,  and 
to  furnish  their  table ;  but  as  they  sufficiently  expe- 
rienced the  "wortlilessness  of  these  slaves,  they 
boug;ht  two  Malay  women,  who  soon  became  excel- 
lent nurses,  from  that  tendciTiess  of  nature  which 
does  so  much  honour  to  the  sex»  While  these 
gentlemen  were  taking  measures  for  the  recovery 
of  their  health,  poor  1  upia  fell  a  victim  to  the  ra- 
vages of  his  disorder,  and  to  his  grief  for  the  deceas- 
ed Tayota.  When  Tayota  was  first  seized  with 
the  fatal  disorder,  he  seemed  sensible  of  his  ap- 
proaching end,  and  frequently  said  to  those  that 
■were  about  h5m,  Tyau  mate  see, "  My  friends,  I  am 
dying."  He  was  very  tractable,  and  took  any  medi- 
cines that  were  ollered  to  him ;  they  wer^  boA 
buried  in  the  island  of  Edam. 

By  this  time  not  above  ten  men  out*  of  the  whol^ 
ship's  crew  wei*t  able  to  do  duty,  and  these  were 
employed  in  getting  the  water  and  stores  aboard, 
and  in  putting  up  the  rigging. 

Captain  Cook  was  now  taken  ill,  and  Mr.  Spo- 
nng  aQd  a  sailor  who  attended  Messrs.  Banks  and 
Solander  at  their  countr}'-hr}iise,were  attacked  with 
intermitting  fevers  ;  bijt  those  two  gentlemen  grew 
something  better,  though  their  recovery  was  very 
slow.  Their  hcuse  was  situated  on  the  borders  of  a 
rivulet,  which,  of  course,  assisted  the  circulation  of 
the  air  ;  and  it  was  likewise  open  to  the  sea  breeze- 

In  the  night  of  the  25th.  there  fell  such  a  shower 
of  rain,  for  tht  space  of  four  hotirs,  as  even  rur  voy- 
agers had  scarce  ever  remembered-  The  water 
poured  through  every  part  of  Mr-  Banks'  house ; 
and  the  lower  apartnients  admitted  a  sti*eam  suffi- 
cient to  have  turned  a  mill.  As  this  gentleman 
was  now  greatly  restored  in  health,  he  went  to  Ba- 
tavia  the  following:  day,  and  Mslh  surprised  to  see, 
that  the  inhabitants  had  hung  out  their  bedding  to 
dry.    The  westerly  monsoon  set  in  about  the  26th  of 


I 


mm 


FIRST  VOYAGE. 


153 


litis  month ;  it  blows  in  the  day-time  from  the  north, 
or  north-west,  and  from  the  south-west,  during  the 
night.    Previous    to  this,  there  had  been    violent 
thunder,  and  hard  showers  of  rain  for  several  nights- 
The  musquitoes  and  gnats,  whose  company  liad 
heen  sufficiently  disagreeable  in   the  dry  weather, 
now  began  to  swarm  in  immense  numbers,  rising 
from  the  puddles  of  water  like  bees  from  a  hive. 
They    were  extremely   troublesome    during    the 
night,  but  the  pain  arising  from  their  sting,  though 
very    severe,   seldom  lasted  more    than  half  i  an 
hour :  and  in  the  day-time  they  seldom  made  their  at- 
tacits.    The  frogs  kept  a  perpetual  croaking  in  the 
ditches ;  a  certain  sign  that   the  wet  season  was 
commenced,  and  that  daily  rain  might  be  expected. 
Tlie  ship  being  repaired,  and  the  sick  people  be- 
ing received  on  board  her,  and  the  greater  part  of 
her  water  and   tores  taken  in,  she  sailed  from  On- 
rust  on  the  8th  of  December,  r^jd  anchored  in  the 
road  of  Batavia. 

Qn  the  24th  Capt.  Cook  took  leave  of  the  Gover- 
nor, and  some  other  gentlemen, whohad  distinguish- 
ed themselves  by  the  civilities  they  shewed  him. 
Immediately  ^fter  he  went  on  board,  attended  by 
Mr.  Banks  and  the  other  gentlemen  who  hf  d  hith- 
erto lived  in  the  town,  and  they  got  under  sail  the 
next  morning.    Since  the  arrival  of  the  ship  in  Ba- 
tavia road,  every  person  belonging  to  her  had  been 
ill,  except  the  sail-maker,  who  was  more  than  se- 
venty years  old,  yet  this  man  got  drunk  every  day 
while  they  remained  there.    The  Endeavour  bu- 
ried 5even  of  her  people  at  Batavia,  viz.  Tupiaand. 
his  boy,   three  of  the  sailors,  the  servant  of  Mr^ 
Green,  the  astronomer,  and  the  surgeon;  and  at 
the  time  of  the  vessel's  sailing  forty  of  the  crew 
were  sick,  and  the  rest  so  enfeebled  by  their  late  ill- 
T\QS%  as  to  be  scarcely  able  to  do  their  duty. 

The  town  of  Batavia  is  situated  in  six  degrees  ten 
minutes  south  latitude,  and  one  hundred  ard  six  d6*- 
grees  fifty  minutes  east  longitude,  from  the  meridian 
Qf  Greenwich.    It  is  built  on  the  bank  of  a  large 


N3 


I 


154 


I 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


bay,  something  more  than  twenty  miles  from  the 
Straight  of  Sunda,  on  the  north  side  of  the  island  of 
Java,  in  low  bogg)r  ground.  Several  small  rivers, 
•which  rise  forty  miles  up  the  country  in  the  moun- 
tains of  Blaeuwen  Berg,  discharge  themselves  into 
the  sea  at  this  place,  haying  first  intcrsecttd  the  town 
in  diflerent  directions.  There  are  wide  canals  of 
nearly  stagnated  water  in  almost  every  street,  and 
as  the  banks  ol  these  canals  are  planted  with  rows 
of  trees,  the  effect  is  very  agreeable  ;  but  these 
trees  and  canals  combine  to  render  the  air  pestilen- 
tial. Some  of  the  rivers  are  navigable  more  than 
thirty  miles  up  the  country  ;  and,  indeed,  the  Dutch 
appear  to  have  chosen  this  spot  to  build  the  town 
on,  for  the  sake  of  water-carriage,  in  which  conve- 
nience Bcitavia  exceeds  every  place  in  the  world, 
except  the  towns  of  Holland. 

The  streets  being  wide,  and  the  houses  large,  it 
stands  on  more  ground  than  any  other  place  that  has 
only  an  equal  number  of  houses. 

In  dry  weather  a  most  horrid  stencIi  arises  from 
the  canal$,  and  taints  the  air  to  a  great  degree ; 
Xind  when  the  rains  have  so  swelled  the  canals  that 
they  overflow  their  banks,  the  ground-floors  of  the 
houses,  in  the  lower  parts  of  the  town,  are  filled  with 
stinkinK'  ws^ter,  that  leaves  behind  it  dirt  and  slime 
in  arnazing  quantities.  The  running  streams  are 
sometimts  as  offensive  as  the  stagnated  canals  ;  for 
the  bodies  of  dead  animals  are  frequently  lodged  on 
the  shallow  parts,  where  thev  are  left  to  putrefy  and 
corrupt  the  air,  except  a  flood  happens  to  carry 
them  away.  This  was  the  case  with  a  dead  buffa- 
loe,  while  the  crew  of  the  Kndeayour  were  there, 
•which  lay  stinking  on  the  ^hoal  of  a  river,  in  one; 
of  the  chief  streets,  for  several  days. 

They  sometimes  clean  the  canals ;  but  tliis  busi- 
ness is  perfcrmed  in  such  a  manner,  as  scarcely  t^ 
make  them  less  a  nuisance  than  before ;  for  the  bot- 
tom being  cleared  of  its  black  nr.ud^  it  is  left  on  the 
side  of  the  canal  till  it  is  hard  enough  to  be  taken 
aw9.y  in  boats ;  and  as  therp  are  no  houses  fpr  ne- 


FIRST  VOYAGE. 


li^5 


cessa))^'  retirement  in  the  whole  town,  the  filth  Js 
throwi>  into  the  canals  regularly  once  r^  clay,  so  tiiat 
this  mud  is  a  compouhd  of  e\erv  thing  that  can  ha 
imagined  disagreeable  and  offensive. 

There  i6  a  new  phurch  in  Batavia,  which  is  a  fine 
piece  of  l^nildin^,  and  ihe  dome  of  it  may  be  seen 
far  off  at  aea.  This  church  is  illuminated  by  cliunde* 
liers  ofthemostsuperb  work.nan&Uip,  and  hj.s  a  fine 
organ.  Most  of  the  other  public  buildings  are  anr 
cient,  coi(structed  in  an  ill  taste,  and  give  a  very 
complete  ^dea  of  Dutch  clumsiness. 

Their  jhnethod  of  building  th^ir  houses  seems  to 
]iave  be^i  taught  them  by  the  cHmate.  On  the 
ground-ilj)or  there  is  no  room  but  a  large  hall,  a 
corner  ot  which  is  parted  off  for  the  transaction  of 
buaness  J  the  hall  has  two  doors,  which  are  com- 
monly \ef  open,  and  are  opposite  each  other,  so  that 
the  air  passes  freely  through  the  room,  in  the  middle 
of  which  there  is  a  court,  which  at  once  increases 
the  draft  of  air,  and  affords  light  to  the  hall ;  the 
stairs,  \vliich  are  at  one  corner,  lead  to  large  and 
lofty  apirtments  above.  The  female  slaves  are  not 
permitted  to  sit  in  any  place,  but  in  the  alcove  form-' 
cd  by  the  court ;  and  this  is  the  usual  dining-place 
of  tliefimily. 

There  is  a  kind  of  citadel,  or  castle,  in  the  north- 
easjt  comer  of  the  town,  the  walls  of  which  are  both 
broadeiiand  higher  than  they  are  in  any  other  parts  ; 
it  is  fuitiished  with  a  number  of  large  guns,  which 
commahd  the  landing-place. 

Apaitments  are  provided  in  this  castle  for  the 
Governor  General  and  all  the  Council ;  and  in 
case  of  a  sitge,  they  have  orders  tu  retire  thither- 

In  the  castle  are  likewise  a  number  of  store-houses, 
in  which  the  effects  bjelonging  to  the  Company  are 
deposited. 

,The  Company  have  in  their  possession  large  quan- 
tities of  gunpowder,  which  is  kept  in  different  places, 
that  the  lightning  may  not  destroy  the  whole  stoclj: 
at  once  ;  a*  great  number  of  pannonarc  likewise  lai^ 
up  within  the  castle. 


-iSS 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


Before  the  Endeavour  had  been  a  week  at^Batar 
via  they  began  to  feel  the  ill  effects  of  <he  climate ; 
half  the  crew  were  rentU^red  incapable  of  doing 
their  duty  before  the  expiration  of  a  mc^ith.    They 
were  informed,  that  it  was  a  very  unconinum  thing 
for  fifty  soldiers,  out  of  a  hundred  brought  from  gu. 
rope,  to  be  alive  at  the  expiration  of  the  first  year, 
and  that  of  the  Qfty  who  might  happen  to  be  alive, 
not  ten  of  those  wOuld  be  in  sound  health,  and,  prob- 
ably, not  less  than  half  of  them  in  the  hejjxital.  One 
"would  imagine  that  no  man  of  common  sense  would 
be  tempted  to  reside  at  Batavia,  for  any  tonsidcra- 
tion  of  interest  whatever  ;  yet  such  is  the  insatiable 
thirst  of  gold,  that  man  will  voluntarily  risk  the  loss 
of  life  to  obtain  it,  and  even  injure  the   Irks  of  that 
health,  without  which  the  most  splendid  foi[tune  can- 
not be  enjoyed.  1 

Any  number  of  ships  may  anchor  in  th^  harbour 
«f  Batavia,  the  ground  of  which  is  so  excellent, 
that  the  anchor  will  never  quit  its  hold-  I'^J^  ^^^i" 
hour  is  sometimes  dangerous  for  boats,  when  the 
sea  breeze  blows  fresh  :  but,  upon  the  w^ole,  it  is 
deemed  the  best  and  most  commodious  in  all  India. 
One  of  the  islands  (of  which  there  are  f  everal) 
near  the  entrance  of  the  harbour,  is  called!  Edam. 
It  is  appropriated  to  the  reception  of  sucK  offen- 
ders, whose  crimes  are  not  deemed  worthy  of  death, 
and  hither  they  are  transported  from  Holland  ;  and 
detained  froni  f\ye  ^to  forty  years,  in  propdition  to 
the  turpitude  of  the  offence  they  have  committed ; 
the  making  of  ropes  is  the  principal  part  of  |he  em- 
ployment of  these  criminals. 

The  environs  of  Batavia  have  a  very  pleasang  ap- 
pearance, and  would,  in  almost  any  other  country, 
be  an  enviable  situation.  Gardens  and  houses  oc- 
cupy the  country  for  several  miles ;  but  the  garden^ 
are  so  covered  with  trees,  that  the  advantage  of  the 
land  having  been  cleared  of  tlie  wood  that  originally 
covered  it,  is  almost  wholly  lost ;  while  these  gar- 
dens, and  the  fields  adjacent  to  them,  are  surround- 
ed by  ditches  which  yield  not  the  most  fragra^ji 


FIRST  VOYAGE. 


isr 


smell,  and  the  bogs  and  inorasses  in  the  adjacent 
fields  are  still  more  offensive. 

At  near  forty  miles  from  the  town,  the  land  rises 
into  hills,  and  the  air  is  purified  in  a  great  degree  J 
to  this  distance  the  invalids  are  sent  by  their  physi- 
cians, when  every  other  prospect  of  their  recovery 
has  failed,  and  the  experiment  succeeds  in  almost 
every  instance,  for  the  sick  ai'e  soon  restored  to 
health  ;  but  they  no  sooner  return  to  the  town  than 
their  former  disorders  visit  them. 

Pine-apples  g^ow  here  in  such  abundance,  that 
they  may  be  purchased,  at  the  first  hand,  for  the 
value  of  an  English  farthing  ;  and  they  bought 
some  very  lai'ge  ones  for  a  halfpenny  a  pieces  at  the 
fruit-shops.  1  hough  they  are  excellent  eating,  it  is 
imagined  they  are  reared  to  equal  perfection  m  the 
hot-houses  of  England-  They  grow  so  luxuriantly, 
that  seven  oreight  suckers  have  been  seen  adhering 
to  one  stem.    . 

Of  mangoes  there  are  plenty,  but  their  taste  isfar 
inferior  to  tliat  of  the  melting  peach .  of  England,  to 
which  they  have  been  compared.  Grapes  are  sold 
from  one  shilling  to  eighteen  pence  the  pound,  thougU 
they  are  far  from  buing  good. 

'fhe  tamarinds  are  equally  cheap  and  plentiful  ; 
but  as  the  method  of  preserving  theai,  which  is  in 
salt,  renders  them  a  mere  black  lump,  they  are 
equally  nauseating  to  the  sjght  and  the  palate.  The 
water-melons  are  excellent  of  their  kind,  and  are 
pr  duced  in  great  abundance*  The  cashew-apple 
produces  a  nut  which  is  not  unknown  in  England  ; 
but  the  fruit  ha.^  sucli  an  astringent  quality,  that  the 
Batavians  seldom  eat  of  ft ;  the  nut  grows  on  the  top 
of  the  apple-  The  cocoa-nut  is  plentiful  in  this 
Gountrv',  and  there  are  several  kinds  of  thisfruit,  the 
best  of  which  is  very  red  between  the  shell  and  the 
skin.  The  nanca  is  a  fruit  which  smells  like  garhc 
and  apples  mixed  together.  Its  size,  in  the  garden^ 
of  BataY!?i,  is  not  greater  than  that  of  a  middling- 
sized  pumpkin,  and  its  shape  is  nearly  the  same  ;  it 
js  covered  with  prickles  of  an  angular  form-    They 


ISS 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


were  informed,  that  at  a  place  called  Madura,  it  has 
been  known  to  grow  to  such  an  enormous  size,  as  to 
require  the  strength  of  two  men  to  carry  it 
•  The  fruit  sold  at  the  common  shops  is  generally 
too  ripe  ;  but  in  a  street,  named  Passar  Pissang.inl 
habited  by  Chinese  fruiters  only,  that  which  is  very 
good  may  be  obtained,  but  at  a  price  greatly  exceed- 
ing its  value*  The  gardens  of  gentlemen  near  the 
town  furnish  these  Chinese  fruit-sellers ;  but  the 
other  dealers  are  supplied  from  a  great  distance  up 
the  country,  where  tne  inhabitants  live  by  the  culti« 
vation  of  large  tracts  of  land,  for  th«  sole  purpose  of 
raising  fruit 

It  is  astonishing  to  conceive  what  quantities  of  fruit 
are  eaten  at  Batavia.  Two  large  markets  are  htld 
%veekly,  at  distant  places,  for  the  accommodation  of 
persons  residing  in  different  parts  of  the  country. 
At  these  markets  it  is  common  to  see  **  fifty  or  six^ 
cart-loads  of  the  finest  pine-apples  carelessly  tum- 
bled together." 

Tlie  Batavians,  and  the  natives  of  other  parts  o^ 
the  island  of  Java,  strew  an  immense  nunsbes  '^^ 
flowers  about  their  houses,  and  are  almost  Jways 
burning  aromatic  woods  and  gums,  which,  it  is  im- 
agined, is  done  by  way  of  purifying  the  air ;  the 
stench  that  arises  from  the  canals  and  ditches  being 
exceeding  nauseous  and  disagreeable. 

Formerly  the  island  of  Java  produced  no  kind  of 
spices  but  pepper,  and  the  quantity  which  the  Dutch 
bring  annually  from  thence  is  very  considerable ;  but 
the  quantity  that  is  made  use  of  in  the  country  is  very 
small,  as  the  people  there  give  the  preference  to 
Cay  an  peppey.  The  inhabitants  are  extremely 
fond  of  nutmegs  and  cloves  ;  but  they  bear  too  high 
a  price  to  be  much  in  use,  as  the  trees  which  pro- 
duce them  are  all  become  Dutch  propeity. 

The  island  of  Java  produces  goats,  sheep,  hogs, 
buffaloes,  and  horses.  The  horse,  which  is  said  to 
have  been  met  with  here  when  the  country  was 
originallv  discovered,  is  a  small,  but  nimble  animal* 
being  seldom  above  thirteen  hands  high.  The  horn* 


FIRST  VOYAGE. 


159 


cd  cattle  of  this  country  are  different  from  those  of 
Europe  ;  the  flesh  is  extremely  lean,  but  of  a  very 
fine  grain.  Both  the  Chinese  and  the  natives  of  the 
island  feed  on  the  buffaloe ;  but  the  Dutch  will  nei- 
ther taste  the  flesh  nor  the  milk,  from  a  rfdiculous 
idea,  that  they  are  prodM'*.tive  of  fevers.  The  sheep 
are  tough  and  ill-tasted  ;  their  skins  are  hairy,  and 
they  have  long  hanging-ears.  A  few  sheep  from  the 
Cape  of  Good  Hope  beiiig  at  Batavia,  Captain 
Cook  bought  some  of  them  at  the  rate  of  a  shilhng  a 
pound. 

The  hogs,  especially  those  of  the  Chinese  breed, 
are  exquisitely  fine  food,  but  so  extravagantly  fat, 
that  the  lean  is  always  sold  separately. 

The  Portuguese  make  a  practice  of  shooting  the 
wild  hog,  and  deer  of  two  kinds,  with  which  the 
neighbourhood  of  Batavia  abounds :  these  are  all 
good  eating,  and  are  purchased  at  very  moderate 
prices.  The  goats  oi  this  country  are  as  bad  food 
as  the  sheep.  Dogs  and  cats  abound  on  the  island, 
and  wild  horses  and  other  cattle  are  found  on  the 
mountains  at  a  considerable  distance  from  Batavia. 

Few  monkeys  are  seen  near  the  town,  but  there 
are  many  of  them  on  the  mountains  and  desert 
places,  where  are  also  a  few  rhinoceroses,  and  great 
numbers  of  tigers. 

The  quantity  of  fish  taken  here  is  astonishingly 
great,  and  all  the  kinds  of  them  are  fine  food,  ex- 
empt a  few  which  are  very  scarce ;  yet  such  is  the 
false  pride  of  the  inhabitants,  that  these  few  sorts 
are  sold  at  very  high  rates,  while  those  that  are 
good  are  sold  for  a  mere  trifle,  nor  are  they  eaten  but 
Ey  the  slaves.  A  gentleman  with  whom  Captain 
Cook  dined  told  him,  he  could  have  bought  a  finer 
dish  of  fish  for  a  shilling,  than  what  he  had  given 
ten  for  ;  but  that  he  should  have  been  the  ridicule 
of  all  the  politer  people,  if  he  had  gone  to  so  good  a 
market. 

Mr.  Banks  shot  a  lizard  five  feet  in  length,  which 
y^s  extremely  well  tasted  ;  our  adventurers  were 
informed,  that  some  of  these  animals  had  been  seen, 
ifhich  were  full  as  thick  as  the  thigh  of  a  man. 


mi 


mm 


mmmm 


mmmmmamm 


mm 


160 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


The  natives  of  Java  profess  t)ie  religion  of  Ma- 
homet, and  of  course  do  not  indulge  in  wine,  at  least 
publickly ;  but  not  to  be  exceeded  in  the  vice  of 
dlrunkenness  by  their  Christian  neighbours,  they  are 
silmost  constantly  chewing  opium,  which  is  well 
kno»vn  to  intoxicate  in  a  high  degree. 

Capitain  Cook  was  informed  that,  at  the  time  he 
•wa«  there,  the  whole  place  could  not  furnish  fifty 
%vomen  who  were  natives  of  Europe,  yet  the  town 
abounded  with  white  women  who  were  descended 
from  Europeans,  who  had  settled  there  at  different 
times,  all  the  men  having  paid  the  debt  of  nature; 
for  so  it  is,  that  the  climate  of  Batavia  destroys  the 
men  much  faster  than  the  women. 

Mercantile  busines?  is  conducted  at  Batavia  with 
the  slightest  trouble  imaginable ;  when  a  merchant 
receives  an  order  fcr  goods  of  any  kird,  he  coTnmu- 
nicates  the  contents  of  it  to  the  Chinese,  who  are  the 
universal  manufacturers.  The  Chinese  Agent  de- 
livers the  effects  on  beard  the  ship  for  which  thejr 
are  bespoke,  and  taking  a  receipt  for  them  froiDthe 
master  of  the  vessel,  he  delivers  it  to  the  merchant, 
"who  Days  the  Chiiiese  for  the  goods,  and  reserves  a 
considerable  profit,  without  the  least  trouble,  fisk, 
pr  anKiety. 

The  Indian  inhabitants  of  Batavia.  and  the  coun- 
try m  its  neighbourhood,  are  not  native  Javenese, 
but  are  either  born  on  the  several  islands  whence 
the  Dutch  bring  their  slaves,  or  the  offspiing  cf 
such  as  have  been  born  on  those  islands :  and  these 
having  been  made  free,  either  in  their  own  persons, 
or  in  tne  persons  of  their  ancestors,  enjoy  all  the 
privileges  of  freemen*  They  receive  the  general 
appellation  of  Oranslam,  which  implies  "Believers 
of  the  true  faith." 

The  various  other  Indian  inhabitants  of  this  coun- 
try attach  themselves  each  to  the  original  customs 
of  that  in  which  either  themselves  or  their  ancestor> 
were  born  ;  keeping  themselves  apart  from  those 
of  other  nations,  and  practising  both  the  virtues 
and  vices  peculiar  to  theii'  own  countrie?. 


'..  •  •  immmrwrnmrnrmnf' 


FIRST  VOYAGE. 


161 


The  hair  of  the  people,  which  is  black,  wlj^out 
a  single  exception,  grows  in  great  abmulance  ;  yet 
the  women  noake  use  of  oils  and  other  ingredients, 
to  increase  the  quantity  ot  it :  they  fasten  it  to  the 
crown  of  the  head  with  a  bodkin,  having  first  twist- 
ed it  into  a  circle,  round  which  circle  they  place  an 
eleia;ant  wreath  of  flovvers,  so  that  the  whole  head- 
dress has  the  most  beautiful  appearance  that  ima- 
gination can  form  an  idea  of. 

it  is  the  universal  custom,  both  with  the  men  and 
women,  to  bathe  in  a  river  once  a  day,  and  some- 
times oftener,  which  not  only  promotes  health,  but 
prevents  that  contraction  of  filth,  which  would  be 
otherwise  unavoidable  in  so  hot  a  climate. 

ALnost  every  person  hast  read  or  heard  of  the 
Mohawks;  and  these  are  the  people  who  are  so 
denominated,  from  a  corruption  of  the  word  Amock, 
which  will  be  well  explained  by  the  following;  sto- 
ry and  observatioiis.  To  run  a  muck  is  to  get  drunk 
vith  opium,  and  then  seizing  some  offensive  wea- 
pon, to  sally  forth  from  the  house,  kill  the  person  or 
persons  supposed  to  have  injured  the  Amock,  and 
any  other  person  that  attempts  to  impede  his  pas- 
sage, till  he  himself  is  taken  prisoner,  or  killed  on 
the  spot.  While  Captain  ('ook  was  rt  Batavia,  a 
person  whose  circumstances  in  life  were  indepen- 
dent, becoming  jealous  of  his  brother,  intoxicated 
himself  with  opium,  and  then  murdered  his  brother, 
and  t'vo  other  men,  who  endeavoured  to  seize  him. 
This  man,  contrary  to  the  usual  custom,  did  not 
leave  his  own  house,  but  made  his  resistance  from 
within  it ;  yet  he  had  taken  such  a  quantity  of  the 
opium,  that  he  was  totally  delirious,  which  appear- 
ed from  his  attempting  to  fire  three  muskets,  nei- 
ther of  which  had  been  loaded,  or  even  primed. 

During  the  time  that  Captain  Cock  was  at  Bata- 
via, several  instances  of  the  like  kind  occurred  ; 
and  he  was  informed  by  an  officer,  whose  duty  it 
was  to  take  such  offenders  into  custody,  that  hardly 
a  week  passed  in  a  year  in  which  he  was  not  ob- 
liged to  exercise  his  authority  :  the  Captain  was  also 

VQl^.  I.  O 


163 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


told,  that  jealousy  of  the  women  is  the  usual  reason 
of  these  poor  creatures  running  a  muck,  and  that 
the  first  object  of  their  vengeance  is  always  the  per- 
son whom  they  suppose  to  have  injured  them.    The 
officer,  whose  business  it  is  to  apprehend  these  un- 
happy wretched,  is  furnished  with  a  long  pair  of 
tongs,  in  order  to  take  hold  of  them  at  such  a  dis- 
tance from  the  point  ot  their  weapons,  as  to  insure 
his  personal  safety.    When  he  takes  one  of  them 
alive  he  is  amply  rewarded ;  but  this  is  not  often  the 
case,  as  tliey  are  so  desperate  as  not  to  be  easily 
apprehended  :  when  they  are  killed  in  the  attempt 
to  take  them,  the  officer  has  only  the  customary 
gratification.    Those  who  are  taken  alive  are  bro- 
ken on  the  wheel,  as  near  as  possible  to  the  place 
where  the  first  murder  was  perpetrated ;  and,  as 
they  are  seldom  apprehended  without  being  pre- 
viously wounded,  the  time  of  their  execution  is  soon- 
er or  later,  according  to  the  opinions  of  the  physi- 
cians, whether  the  wounds  are,  or  are  not,  mortal. 
These  people  are  very  superstitious.    When  they 
dream  successively  for  several  nights,  they  have  no 
doubt  but  that  the  Devil  has  enjoined  the  perform- 
ance of  some  act,  to  discover  which  they  torture 
their  brains  in  vain,  and  then  apply  to  the  priest, 
who  never  fails  to  intefrpret  the  dream  in  a  satisfac- 
tory manner.    In  consequence  of  this  interpretation, 
by  which  it  appears  that  the  Devil  is  in  want  of 
money  and  food,  a  quantity  of  each  is  placed  in  the 
leaves  of  the  cocoa-nut  tree,  and  being  hung  on  the 
bough  of  a  tree  by  the  side  of  a  river,  is  left  till  some 
passenger  shall  find,  and  take  away  the  money, 
which  is  connidered  not  so  much  an  offering  to  the 
Devil,  as  a  fine  due  for  some  crime  committed. 
With  regard  to  the  food,  they  imagine  that  the  De- 
vil comes  and  sucks  out  the  nutritious  parts  of  it,  with- 
out moving  it  out  of  its  place.    Fr^m  this  part  of  the 
story  it  seems  reasonable  to   conclude,  that  the 
priest  having  previous  knowledge  where  the  obla-. 
tion  is  to  be  made,  takes  the  n^Rey,  and  leaves  .tie 
victuals. 


\ 


iV 


FIRST  VOYAGE^ 


16^ 


This  instance  of  the  superstition  of  these  people 
may  be  thought  very  extraordinary ;  but  the  allow- 
ing will  appear  much  more  so.  I'hey  are  possessed 
•with  an  idea,  that  when  one  of  their  wives  is  brought 
to  bed,  a  crocodile  is  born  as  a  brother  to  tlie  in- 
fant;  and  they  imagine  that  the  midwife  conveys 
the  young  crocodile  to  an  adjacent  river,  into  which 
she  puts  it,  with  the  utmost  care  and  tenderness. 
Those  who  suppose  themselves  honoured  by  the 
birth  of  this  new  relation,- fail uot  to  put  food  into  the 
river  for  his  subsistence ;  but  this  is  the  puculiar  du- 
ty of  the  twin-brother,  who  performs  this  service 
regularly,  at  fixed  periods,  during  the  whole  course 
of  his  life;  firmly  believing,  at  the  same  tidie,  that 
sickness  or  death  would  be  the  consequence  of  an 
omission  on  his  part- 
In  the  islands  of  Boutou  and  Celebes  the  natives 
keep  crocodiles  in  their  families ;  and  it  is  conjec- 
tured, that  the  strange  idea  of  the  twin  crocodile 
was  first  conceived  in  one  of  those  islands  ;  it  ex- 
tends, however,  to  Java  and  Sumatra  westward, 
ami  among  the  islands  to  the  eastward  as  far  as 
Ceram  and  Timor.  It  is  a  matter  of  perfect  as* 
tonishrnent,  how  even  the  most  ignorant  and  credu- 
lous of  the  human  race,  should  firmly  believe  an 
utter  impossibility  to  occur  daily  ;  yet  it  is  certain, 
that  not  one  of  the  Indians  whom  <;^aptain  Cook 
questioned  on  the  subject,  entertained  the  least 
doubt  about  the  matter.  The  crocodiles  supposed 
to  be  thus  born  are  distinguis^d  by  the  name  of 
Sudar'as  ;  and  our  I'eaders  cannot  fyuX  of  being  en- 
tertained with  the  following  story  respecting  them, 
•which  Mr.  Banks  heard  from  a  young^^woman  who 
"was  t)orn  at  Bfencoolcn,  and  having  lived  among  the 
English  at  that  place,  had  learnt  to  speak  as  much 
of  our  language  as  was  sufficient  to  make  her  story 
intelligible. 

She  said  that,  when  her  father  was  on  his  death- 
bed, he  laid  the  strongest  injunctions  on  her  to  feed  a 
crocodile  tliat  was  his  !Sudara  ;  that  he  told  her  the 
name  by  which  he  wight  be  called  up,  a«d  the  par* 


wmm 


164 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


ticular  prttt  of  tbe  river  where  she  would  find  him. 
Soon  after  the  death  of  her  father,  she  hastened  to 
the  river,  and  callint^  Radja  PoutU  (^vhich  si^^ni- 
fies  white  king)  the  Siidar».  croco<3ile  made  his  ap- 
pearance, and  she  fed  him  with  her  own  hands.  She 
described  him  as  being  more  beautiful  than  croco- 
diles are  in  general,  for  he  had  a  red  nose,  and 
spots  on  his  body ;  his  ears  were  adorned  with  rings, 
and  his  feet  with  ornaments  of  gold.  This  story  will 
appear  more  extravagantly  ridiculous,  ^vhen  it  is 
xecoliected  that  crocodiles  have  not  any  ears. 

A  man,  whose  mother  was  a  native  of  the  island 
of  Java,  and  whose  father  was  a  Dutchman,  was  en- 
gaged in  the  service  of  Mr.  Banks  during  his  resi- 
dence at  Batavia.  'I'his  man  told  his  master,  that 
several  Dutchmen,  and  many  Javenese,  as  well  as 
himself,  had  seen  such  a  crocodile  as  was  described 
by  the  girl  who  told  the  preceding  story,  and  that, 
like  hers,  its  feet  were  adorned  with  gold.  On  Mr. 
Banks"  remarkmg  the  absurdity  of  these  tales,  and 
saying  that  ciYjcodilea  had  not  ears,  he  replied,  that 
the  Sudaras  differed  considerably  from  othe  r  croco- 
diles ;  and  they  had  ears,  though  he  acknowledged 
they  were  small,  that  their  tongiies  filled  their 
mouths,  and  that  on  each  foot  they  had  five  toes. 

The  Chinese  inhabitants  of  Batavia  are,  like 
those  of  their  own  country,  some  of  the  most  indus- 
trious people  on  the  face  of  the  earth.  They  act 
as  embroiderers,  dyers  of  cotton,  tailors,  cai'pen- 
ters, joiners,  smiths,  and  makers  of  slippers;  sonic 
^  of  the  ma  re  shop -keepers,  and  deal  largely  ni  the 
manufactures  of  Europe  and  China. 

Captain  Cook  observes  that,  the  danger  of  being 
hanged  for  any  Crime  being  except<  d,  there  is  no- 
thing, however  infamous,  which  -i  Chinese  wili  re- 
fuse to  do  for  gain  ;  and  in  this  opinion  he  concurs 
with  every  preceding  writer  ;  so  that  these  people 
must  hve  taken  no  small  pains  to  establish  their 
reputation  for  knavery. 

The  clothes  of  the  Chinese,  whether  rich  or  poof, 
are  singularly  clean  and  decent.     Their  bcliaviour 


\'^^ 


wmmmmmm^ 


FIRST  VOYAGE. 


166 


is  civil,  even  to  humility.  They  are  such  temperate 
eaters,  that  gluttony  is  unknown  among  them.  Ex- 
clusive of  vegetables  r  )d  fish  of  various  kinds,  th^ 
principal  food  consists  of  dcgsi  cats,  lizards,  frogs, 
serpents  of  several  sorts,  and  hogs. 

The  negroes  of  Africa  are  purchased  at  a  lower 
price  than  any  other  slaves,  and  indeed  any  price 
whatever  exceeds  their  merit,  for  they  are  of  the 
most  obstinate  dispositions,  and  thieves,  without  a 
single  exception.  Those  slaves  which  are  purchas- 
ed from  the  island  of  Celebes  are  most  intolerably 
lazy,  and  of  so  ferocious  a  disposition,  that  their  em- 
ployers run  the  hazard  of  their  personal  safety. 
The  island  of  Bali  furnishes  the  most  useful  slaves ; 
and  the  little  island  Nias,  near  Sumatra,  supplies 
female  slaves  of  exquisite  beauty  ;  but  to  these  ill- 
fated  women  death  is  the  almost  certain  consequence 
of  even  a  sliort  residence  at  Batavia* 

The  masters  of  any  of  these  slaves  may  punish 
them  in  whatever  way  they  choose,  so  as  not  to  de- 
prive them  of  life ;  but  when  it  happens  that  a  slave 
dies  of  the  punishment  he  has  received,  the  master 
is  tried,  and  commonly  suffers  as  a  murdet-er.  From 
this  circumstance  it  is  reasonable  to  suppose,  that 
the  masters  are  cautious  how  they  beat  the  slaves 
with  undue  severity  :  it  is  not  indeed  very  common 
for  them  to  strike  them  at  all,  but  they  pay  an  offi- 
cer, who  is  called  the  Marineu,  for  inflicting  the 
punishment.  The  Marineu  having  heard  what  is 
alleged  against  the  delinquent,  detea-mines  how 
many  stripes  he  shall  receive,  and  these  are  given 
by  slaves,  whose  particular  business  it  is  to  obey  the 
commands  of  the  Marineu  ;  these  strokes  are  laid 
on  with  rods  made  of  rattan  split  very  small.  For 
a  severe  whipping  the  Merineu  receives  a  ducatoon, 
and  a  rix-doUar  for  a  sligiiter  punishment.  The 
women  slaves  are  whipped  in  the  house  of  the  mas- 
ter, but  the  men  publickly  in  the  streets-  In  order 
that  these  slaves  may  not  be  under  too  great  temp- 
tations to  steal,  their  masters  are  compelled  to  al- 
low them  seven  pence  halfpenny  weekly  for  pocfeet 
Dttoney. 

0  3 


■M:M 


166 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


The  lawyers  of  Batavia  arc  partial  in  tlicir  admi- 
nistration of  jiistice  to  a  very  reprehensible  degi-ee. 
When  an  Indian  has  committed  any  crime  deemed 
'^vorthy  of  death,  he  is  impaled,  hanged,  or  broken 
on  the  whtel,  without  ceremony.  On  tlie  contrar}', 
if  a  Christian  is  capitally  convicted,  execution  very 
seldom  follows  the  sentence :  and  what  is  more  ex- 
traordinary, no  pains  are  taken  to  apprehend  the 
offender,  till  time  enough  has  bceu  allowed  him  to 
rUn  away,  if  he  thinks  proper. 

When  Captain  Cook  was  at  Batavia,  Spanish  dol- 
lars sold  at  five  shillings  and  five  pence  each,  and 
the  price  is  seldom  much  lower.  The  Chinese 
^vould  give  only  the  value  of  twenty  shillings  for  an 
English  guinea  that  was  almost  new,  and  for  those 
that  were  old,  and  much  worn,  only  seventeen  shil- 
lings* 

We  shall  now  proceed  to  a  recital  of  the  incidents 
which  occurred  during  their  passage  from  Batavia  to 
the  Cape  of  (iood  Hope. 

Early  in  the  morning  of  the  2rth  of  December, 
1770,  the  EndeavoiTT  left  the  road  of  Batavia,  and, 
after  several  hindrances,  occasioned  by  the  wind  be- 
ing contrary,  she  stood  over  ior  the  shore  of  Java, 
on  the  first  day  of  January,  1771.  As  many  of  the 
bhip-'s  crew,  who  had  been  very  ill  while  at  Batavia, 
were  now  become  much  worse,  the  vessel  was 
brought  to  an  anchor  in  the  afternoon  of  the  5th 
near  Prince's  Island,  with  a  view  to  get  some  neces- 
sary refreshments,  and  likewise  to  talve  in  wood  and 
water, 

Messrs.  Solander  and  Banks  now  went  ashore 
•with  the  Captain,  and  they  were  no  sooner  landed, 
than  some  of  the  natives  conducted  them  to  the 
King  of  the  island,  with  whom  they  endeavoured  to 
make  a  bargain  for  sortie  turtle,  but  the  piice  could 
'  not  be  agreed  on.  As  our  adventurers  had  no  doubt 
but  that  they  should  purchase  on  their  own  terms 
the  following  day,  they  left  the  Indians,  and  proceed- 
ed in  search  of  a  proper  place  to  fill  water,  which 
was  soon  found. 


FIRST  VOYAGE. 


ur 


On  Sunday  the  6th  of  January  they  purchased,  at 
very  moderate  prices,  as  many  turtles  as  they  had 
occasion  for,  and  the  whole  ship's  company  fed  on 
this  delicious  fish.  The  King  was  at  this  time 
at  a  house  situated  in  a  rice  field,  where  Mr.  Banks 
waited  on  him,  and  tbund  him  cooking  his  own 
victuals. 

On  the  12th,  while  the  Captain  was  on  shore  giv- 
ing orders  to  the  peo|)le  who  were  cutting  wood  and 
filling  water,  he  was  told,  that  one  of  the  natives  had 
stolen  an  axe.  The  thief  was  unknown ;  but  the 
Captain,  resolving  not  to  pave  the  way  for  future 
depredations  of  this  kind,  by  taking  no  notice  of  the 
first  offence,  he  immediately  applied  to  the  King; 
and  in  consequence  of  this  application,  the  axe  was 
brought  down  to  the  watering-place  next  day.  The 
Indian  who  brought  it  back  said,  that  it  was  left  at 
his  house  in. the  night;  but  it  was  suspected,  that 
himself  was  the  thief. 

Mr.  Banks  having  several  times  visited  the  King 
of  the  island,  and  given  him  some  trifies  that  were 
acceptable,  he  waited  on  him  for  the  last  tinie  on  the 
13di  of  January,  arid  gratified  him  very  much  by  a 
present  of  a  small  quantity  of  paper. 

After  a  stay  of  ten  days  at  Pnnce's  Island,  during 
which  they  purchased  vej^etables  of  various  kinds, 
fowls,  deer,  turtle,  Seethe  anchor  was  weighed,  and 
the  vessel  once  more  put  to  sea. 

This  island,  which  lies  in  the  western  mouth  of 
the  Streight  of  Sunda,  is  small  and  woody,  and  has 
been  cleared  only  in  very  few  places.  Our  India 
ships  used  to  touch  at  Prince's  Inland  to  take  in  wa- 
ter, but  they  have  omitted  this  practice  for  some 
years  since,  on  account,  as  it  is  said,  of  the  water 
being  brackish  ;  yet  Captain  Cook  says  it  is  exceed-^ 
ing  good,  if  filled  towards  the  head  of  the  brook. 

The  fowls  which  were  purchased  at  this  place 
costabout  five  pence  each ;  the  turtle  three  farthings 
a  pound,  and  other  fish  were  proportionably  cheap  ; 
one  hundred  of  the  best  cocoa-nuts  cost  only  a  dol- 
lar, and  pumpkins,  pine-apples,  aad  other  fruit,  yrere 
equally  cheap  and  plenty. 


168 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


The  houses  are  constructed  Jn  the  form  of  an  ob- 
long square:  they  are  built  on  pillars  four  feet 
above  the  ground,  and  well  thatclied  with  palm- 
leaves,  as  a  defence  from  the  sun  and  rain :  the  floor- 
ing is  of  bamboo  canes,  placed  at  a  distance  from 
each  other,  to  admit  the  air :  these  houses  consist 
of  four  rooms,  one  of  which  is  destined  for  the  re- 
ception of  visitants,  the  children  sleep  in  a  second, 
and  the  two  others  are  allotted,  the  one  for  the  pur- 
pose of  cookery,  and  the  other  fc  r  the  bed-chnwbtr 
of  the  owner  and  his  wife.  The  residence  of  the 
King  of  the  island,  and  that  of  another  person  of 
great' authority,  has  boards  on  the  sides,  while  the 
houses  of  the  inferior  people  have  walls  made  oi 
the  bamboo  cane,  slit  into  small  jSiicks,  and  wronglit 
across  the  beams  of  the  buildinj^,  in  the  manner  of 
a  hurdle.  The  King  of  the  island  h  subject  to  the 
Sultan  of  Bantam. 

Captain  Cook  represents  the  natives  as  very  ho- 
nest in  their  dealings,  with  the  single  exception  of 
demanding  more  than  double  the  sum  they  intend 
to  sell  for. 

At  the  time  the  Endeavour  left  Prince's  Island, 
her  crew  began  to  feel,  in  all  its  force,  the  ill  cfTects 
of  the  putrid  air  of  Batavia ;  and  soon  afterwards 
the  ship  was  a  mere  hospital,  filled  with  unhappy 
wretches,  sinking  under  the  rage  of  fevers  and  dy- 
senteries. In  the  space  of  six  weeks  twenty-three 
persons  died,  exclusive  of  the  seven  which  had  been 
buried  at.  Batavia ;  these  were  nine  seamen,  the 
corporal  of  the  marines,  the  ship's  cook,  two  of  the 
carpenter's  crew,  the  carpenter  and  his  mate,  a 
midshipman,  the  old  sail-maker,  who  was  in  per- 
fect health  when  all  the  rest  were  ill  at  Batavia, 
and  his  mate,  the  boatswain,  Mr.  Monkhouse,  a 
midshipman,  Mr.  Sporing,  who  accompanied  Mr* 
Banks,  Mr.  Parkinson,  draftsman  to  that  gentleman, 
and  Mr.  Green,  the  astronomer. 

After  a  passage  in  which  nothing  remarkable  oc- 
cured,  the  ship  was  brought  to  an  anchor  off  the 
tnpe  of  Good  Hope,  on  the  15th  of  March,  1771 


FIRST  VOYAGE. 


169 


The  Captain  repaired  instantly  to  the  Governor, 
who  said  that  such  refreshments  as  the  country  sup- 
plied should  be  cheerfully  granted  him ;  on  which 
a  house  was  hired  for  the  sick. 

At  the  time  the  Endeavour  lay  at  anchor  here, 
an  English  East-Indiaman  sailed  lor  the  port  of  Lon- 
don, who  had  buried  above  thirty  of  her  crew  while 
she  was  in  India  ;  and  at  that  time  had  many  others 
severely  afflicted  with  the  scurvy  ;  so  that  the  suf- 
ferings of  the  crew  of  the  Endeavour,  considering 
her  long  absence  from  England,  is  a  circumstance 
not  at  all  to  be  wondered  at.  /C 

The  land  over  the  Cape  of  Go6d  Hope  is  moun- 
tainous, and  totally  barren ;  beyond  these  mountains 
the  country  is  covered  with  a  light  sand,  which  will 
not  admit  of  cultivation  ;  there  are  indeed  k  few 
cultivated  spots,  but  they  are  hardly  more  than  a 
tliousandth  part  ot  the  whole  country.  Provisions 
are  brought  to  the  Cape  from  a  distance  of  nine  hun- 
dred miles  up  the  country,  which  is  an  evident  proof 
(>f  its  extreme  sterility,  notwithstanding  'what  has 
been  heretofore  written  to  the  contrary*  While  Cap^ 
tain  Cook  lay  here,  a  farmer  came  to  the  Cape, 
brinj^dng  his  young  children  with  him,  from  a  dis- 
tance that  took  hmi  fifteen  days  journey ;  and  on 
his  being  asked  why  he  had  not  left  his  children 
with  some  neighbour,  he  said  there  was  no  inhabi- 
tant within  five  days  journey  of  his  farm.  There 
are  no  trees  that  are  even  two  yards  in  height,  ex- 
cept in  some  plantations  in  the  vicinity  of  Cape 
Town. 

This  town  consists  of  near  a  thousand  brick  honses, 
the  outsides  of  which  being  generally  plastered,  they 
have  a  veiy  pleasmg  appearance.  There  is  a  canal 
in  the  main  street,  v/ith  two  rows  of  oak-trees  on  it» 
borders,  which  are  in  a  more  Nourishing  state  than 
the  other  trees  of  this  country  ;  the  streets,  which 
cross  each  other  at  ri^^ht  angles,  are  very  spacious 
and  handsome.  The  inhabitants  are  chiefly  Dutch, 
Of  of  Dutch  extraction  ;  the  women  are  beauti- 
W  in  a  high  degree,  and  possess  those  blooming 


170 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


countenances  "which  denotes  the  most  perfect 
health ;  they  are  most  of  them  mothers  of  many 
children,  and  Captain  Cook  says,  they  are  the  best 
wives  in  the  world. 

The  air  of  the  Cape  of  Good  Hope  is  so  pure  and 
salubrious,  that  a  sick  person,  who  goes  thither  from 
Europe,  whatever  be  his  disorder,  almost  always 
vecovers  'his  health  in  a  little  time  ;  but  those  who 
bring  diseases  with  them  from  the  East-Indies,  have 
not  an  equal  chance, 

The  Constantia  wine  which  is  made  here  is  ex- 
cellent, but  the  genuine  sort  is  mad^  only  at  one 
particular  vineyard  a  few  miles  from  the  town. 
The  gardens  produce  many  sorts  of  European  and 
Indian  fruits,  aud  almost  all  the  common  kinds  of 
vegetAblea  The  sheep  of  this  country  have  tails 
of  a  very  extraordinary  size,  many  of  which  weigh 
upwards  of  adozen  pou^^ '  > ;  the  meat  of  this  animal, 
as  well  as  of  the  ox,  is  » ery  fine  food  :  the  wool  ot 
the  sheep  is  rather  of  the  hairy  kind,  and  the  horns 
of  the  black  cattle  spread  much  wider  than  those 
of  England,  while  the  beast  himself  is  handsomer 
and  lighter  made.  The  country  abounds  in  hares, 
altogether  like  those  of  England ;  there  are  several 
species  of  the  antelope,  plenty  of  bustards,  and  two 
kinds  of  quails. 

When  a  stranger  arrives  at  the  Cape,  it  is  cus- 
tomary for  him  to  board  in  a  private  house,  and  he 
pays  from  two  shillings  to  a  crown  a  day,  according 
to  the  accommodations  he  expects-  Morses  are 
here  let  to  hire  at  six  shillings  a  day,  aiid  coaches 
at  one  pound  four. 

The  Dutch  company  have  a  very  extenjjive  gar- 
den here,  well  laid  out  in  squares,  and  at  the  upper 
end  is  a  menagerie  of  beasts  and  birds,  many  of 
them  known  in  Europe  )  and  among  the  rest  is  the 
Coe  Docy  a  beast  not  less  than  a  horse,  which  has 
those  curious  spiral  horns  that  have  frequently 
found  a  place  in  the  cabinets  of  the  curious. 

The  native  inhabitants  of  this  country  are  usu- 
ally dressed   in  a   sheep-skin  ttirown  across  the 


FIRST  VOYAGE. 


171 


shoulders,  anil  a  little  pouch  before  them,  to  which 
is  fixed  a  kind  of  belt,  ornamented  with  little  bits  of 
copper,  and  beads  ;  round  the  waist  of  the  women 
is  a  broad  piece  of  leather,  and  rings  of  the  same 
round  theii^  ancles,  to  protect  them  from  the  thorns, 
which  grow  in  abundance  all  over  the  country. 
None  ot  these  people  reside  at  a  less  distance  than 
four  days  jourmy  from  Cape  Town,  except  a  num- 
ber  of  the  poorer  sort,  who  look  after  the  cattle  be- 
longing to  the  Dutch  farmers,  and  are  employed  in 
various  other  menial  offices- 

These  people  arc  modest  to  the  utmost  degree  of 
bashfulness,  and  though  they  are  fond  of  singing  and 
dancing,  can  hardly  be  prevailed  on  to  divert  them- 
selves with  their  favourite  amusement  before  stran- 
gers ;  both  their  singing  and  dancing  are  alternately 
quick  and  slow  in  the  extreme- 

The  Hottentots  are  so  dexterous  in  throwing 
stones,  that  they  will  hit  a  mark  not  larger  than  a 
crown  piece,  at  the  distance  of  an  hundred  yards- 
They  are  likewise  expert  in  the  use  of  arjo'.vs,  and 
of  the  lance,  called  an  Assagay,  the  points  of  which 
they  poison,  sometimes  with  the  venom  of  a  serpent, 
and  sometimes  with  the  juice  of  particular  herbs  ; 
so  that  a  wound  received  from  either  of  these  wea- 
pons is  almost  always  mortal. 

On  the  14th  of  April,  1771,  the  anchor  of  the 
Endeavour  was  weighed,  and  she  once  more  put  to 
sea-  On  Monday,  May-day,  they  came  to  an  an- 
chor off  the  island  of  St.  Helena,  and  as  they  pro- 
posed to  remain  thvee  days,  Mr-  Banks  employed 
the  interval  in  sur\  eying  every  object  that  was 
thought  worthy  of  notice. 

The  island  of  St-  Helena  rises  out  of  the  immense 
Atlantic  ocean,  is  about  eighteen  hundred  miles^ , 
from  the  coast  of  America,  and  twelve  hundred 
miles  from  that  of  Africa,  It  has  the  appearance 
of  a  huge  mountain,  the  foundation  of  which  is  pro- 
bably at^he  centre  of  the  globe.  It  had  formerly 
volcanoes  in  several  pans  of  it,  as  is  evident  from 
the  appeatance  of  the  earth  and  stones  in  many  pla- 


m: 


172 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


CCS ;  and  it  looks  like  a  cluster  of  rocks,  bounded 
by  precipices  of  immense  height.  As  a  vessel  sails 
along  the  coast,  the  cliffs  perpend  over  her  head  so 
as  to  threaten  her  instant  destruction,  and  nothing 
in  nature  can  be  conceived  more  awful*  than  their 
appearance. 

Close  to  the  sea-side  stands  the  town,  which  had 
formerly  a  church  of  very  indifferent  architecture, 
but  it  is  now  little  better  than  a  heap  of  ruins,  nor  is 
the  market-house  in  a  much  better  condition ;  most 
of  the  houses  are  also  constructed  in  a  vile  taste. 

As  this  island  is  the  property  of  the  English  East- 
India  Company,  the  innabitants  are  not  suffered  to 
carry  on  any  trade  for  their  own  emolument,  but 
get  their  livelihood  by  selling  the  productions  of  the 
island  to  the  crews  of  the  vessels  which  anchor 
there  for  a  supply  of  refreshments. 

The  only  wnite  inhabitants  of  the  island  are  sub- 
jects of  the  King  of  Great-Britain  ;  these  employ 
slaves,  who  transport  goods  of  all  kinds  from  place 
to  place  on  their  heads ;  and  we  are  sorry  to  say, 
that  the  inhumanity  of  our  countrymen  to  these 
slaves  is  a  disgrace  to  those  who  profess  the  Chris-^ 
tain  faith.  There  are  a  small  number  of  horses  at 
!St.  Helena,  but  they  arc  never  employed  in  draught, 
there  being  no  such  thing  as  a  waggon  or  cart  ou 
the  island,  though  in  many  places  the  land  is  not  so 
steep,  but  that  such  carriages  mie;ht  easily  be  drawn. 

On  Saturday,  the  4th  of  May»  1771,  the  Endeavour 
sailed  from  the  road  of  St.  Helena,  together  with 
the  Portland  man-of-war,  and  several  sail  of  India- 
men.  They  kept  company  with  the  man-of-war  and 
Indiamen  till  Friday  the  10th.  But  Captain  Cook 
observing  that  they  were  out-sailed  by  all  the  other 
ships,  and  consequently  imagining  that  some  of  them 
would  reach  England  before  him,  made  signals  to 
speak  with  the  Portland,  when  the  Captain  of  that 
vessel  came  on  beard,  and  received  from  Captain 
Cook  a  letter  to  the  Lords  of  the  Admiralty,  toge- 
ther with  a  box,  in  which  were  deposited  the  jour- 
nals of  many  of  the  officers^  nnd  the  ship'slog-books* 


FIRST  VOYAGE. 


17$ 


On  the  23d  they  lost  sight  of  all  the  ships  they 
sailed  in  company  with  from  St.  Helena,  and  in  the 
afternoon  of  the  same  day,  Mr.  Hicks,  the  first  Lieu- 
tenant, died  of  a  consumption,  with  which  he  had 
been  ai!ii(!ted  during  the  whole  voyage. 

No  single  occurrence  worth  recordir.g  happened 
from  this  time,  till  the  ship  came  to  an  anchor  in  tho 
Downs,  which  was  on  the  1  Jth  of  Jane  following. 

Whoever  has  carefully  read,  and  duly  considered, 
the  wonderful  protection  of  this  ship,  in  cases  of 
danger  the  most  imminent  and  astonishing,  particu^ 
larly  when  encircled  in  the  wide  ocean  with  rocks 
of  coral,  her  sheathing  beaten  oil',  her  false  keel 
floating  by  her  side,  and  a  hole  in  her  bottom,  will 
naturally  turn  his  thoughts  with  adoration  to  that 
Divine  Being,  whose  mercies  are  over  all  his  works ! 


END  Of  CAPTAIN  COOK'S  FIRST  YOTAGW^ 


VOL,  ly 


P 


C    .-■* 


'<■ 


CAPTAIN  COOKS 


SECOND   VOYAGE 


■^"^'-^^     ^Commenced  in  1772,  and  finishedin  1775. 

-  ■  •    '    ■«■.    .■ 

Departure  from  England^  to  leaving  the  S^ietij  Isles  ik 

First  Time, 

X  HE  principal  object  of  the  former  Voyage,  was, 
as  mentioned  in  the  beginning  of  this  Volume,  to  ob- 
serve the  transit  of  the  planet  Venus  over  the  sun's 
disc,  a  phenon:enon  of  great  importance  to  astrono- 
my ;  and  for  that  purpose,  Otaheite,  in  the  South- 
Sea,  first  discovered  by  Captain  Wallis,  >\as  fixed 
upon. 

Very  soon  after  the  Captain's  return  fromi  his  en- 
terprise in  the  Endeavour,  (an  account  of  which 
the  reader  has,  it  is  supposed,  just  read)  it  was  de- 
termined  to  send  two  ships  to  complete  the  disco- 
very in  the  Southern  Hemisphere  ;  and  for  this  pur- 
pose two  vessels  of  a  particular  constiiiction  were 
purchased  of  Captain  Hammond,  of  Hull:  the  larg- 
est was  46*2  tons ;  she  was  named  the  Resolution  ; 
the  other  was  336  tons,  and  named  the  Adven- 
ture. Captain  James  Cook  was  appointed  to  the 
comnr.and  of  the  former,  and  Captain  Tobias  Fur- 
neaux  was  promoted  from  the  rank  of  a  Lieutenant 
to  the  command  of  the  lat^^er. 

The  Resolution  had  112  persons  on  board,  officers 
included,  and  the  Adventure  81.  Mr-  Forsterand 
his  son,  and  Mr.  Wales,  now  Mathematical  Ma'ste: 
of  Christ's  Hospital,  acgi^sfipanied  thetn. 


'f.. 


SECOND  VOYAGE. 


175 


On  the  13th  of  Jane,  1772,  at  six  o'clock  in  the 
morning,  both  the  ships  sailed  frorrt  Plymouth  Sound, 
and  on  the  evening  of  the  i29th  anchored  in  Funchi- 
ale  Road,  in  the  island  of  Madeira*  At  the  Cap- 
tain's and  Mr.  Forster's  landing,  they  were  received 
by  a  gentleman  from  the  Vice  Consul,  Mr.  Sills, 
who  conducted  them  to  the  house  of  Mr.  Lough- 
nans,  the  most  considerable  English  merchant  in  the 
place.  This  gentleman  not  only  obtained  leave  for 
Mr.  Forster  to  search  the  island  for  plants,  but  pro- 
cured them  every  other  thing  they  wanted,  and  in- 
sisted on  their  accommodating  themselves  at  his 
house  during  their  stay. 

This  place  has  been  already  described  in  the 
former  Voyage,  see  page  10-    During  their  stay 
here,  the  crews  of  both  ships  were  supplied  with 
fresh  beef  and  onions ;  and  a  quantity  nt  the  latter  ^ 
was  distributed  amongst  them  for  sea-store^ 

Having  got  on  boavd  a  supply  of  water,  winevand 
other  aecessaricjs,  they  left  Madeira  on  the  1st  of 
August,  and  steered  southward. 

Captain  Cook  now  /nade  three  puncheons  of  beer, 
of  the  inspissated  vuicn  of  malt-  The  proportion 
was  about  ten  of  water  to  one  of  juice.  They  stop- 
ped at  St  Jago  for  a  supply  of  water,  on  the  10th  ; 
the  Captain  immediately  dispatched  an  officer  to 
ask  leave  to  water,  and  purchase  refreshments, 
which  was  granted-  The  14th  in  the  evening  hav- 
ing completed  their  water,  and  got  on  board  a  sup- 
ply of  refreshments,  such  as  hogs,  goats,  fov.is,  and 
fruit,  they  put  to  sea,  and  proceeded  on  their  voyage. 

Port  Praya^  wheie  they  ancliored,  is  a  small 
bay,  situated  about  the  middle  of  the  south  side  of 
the  island  of  St.  Jago.  The  water  is  tolerable,  but 
scarce ;  and  bad  getting  off*,  on  account  of  a  great 
surf  on  the  beach.  The  refreshments  to  be  got  here 
are  bullocks,  hogs,  goats,  sheep,  poultry,  and  fruits. 
The  goats  arc  of  the  antelope  kind,  so  extraordina- 
rily lean,  that  hardly  anything  can  equal  them  ;  and 
the  bullocks,  hogs,  and  sheep  are  not  much  better. 
Bullocks  must  be  purchased  with  money ;  the  price 


176 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


is  twelve  Spanish  dollars  a  head,  weighing  betwee:? 
250  and  300  pounds-  Other  articles  may  be  got 
from  the  natives  in  exchange  for  old  clothes,  &c. 

On  the  19th,  in  the  afternoon,  one  of  the  carpen- 
ter's mates  fell  overboard,  and  vvas  drowned.  He 
was  over  the  side,  sitting  on  one  of  the  scuttles; 
"whence,  it  was  supposed,  he  had  fallen  ;  for  he  was 
not  seen  till  the  very  instant  he  sunk  under  the  ship's 
stern,  when  all  endeavours  to  save  him  were  too 
late-  This  loss  was  sensibly  felt  during  the  voyage, 
as  he  was  a  sober  man,  and  a  good  workman* 

On  the  27th,  Captain  Ferneaux  lost  one  of  his 
petty  oiScers, 

With  variable  winds  they  advanced  but  slowly, 
and  without  meeting  with  any  thing  remarkable  till 
the  23d,  when  tbey  saw  a  seal,  or,  as  some  thought^ 
a  sea-lion,  which  probably  might  be  an  inli abitant  of 
one  of  the  islands  of  Trjstiande  Cunha,  being  now 
rtcarly  in  their  latitude 

At  two  in  the  afternoon  on  the  29t!»,  they  made 
the  land  of  the  Cape  of  Good  Hopt?.  The  Table 
Mountain,  which  is  over  the  Cape  Town,  distance 
12  or  14  leagues,  was  a  good  deal  obscured  by 
clouds,  otherwise  it  mi»i;ht,  from  it^  height,  havs 
been  seen  at  a  much  j;reater  distance.  Between 
eight  and  nine  o'clock  this  evening,  the  whole  sea, 
within  the  compass  of  their  si^ht,  became  at  once, 
as  it  were,  illuminated,  or,  what  the  seamen  call, 
all  on  fire*  This  appearance  of  the  sea,  in  some  de- 
gree, is  very  common  ;  but  the  cause  is  not  so  ire- 
nerally  known.  Mr.  Banks  and  Dr.  Solander  were 
of  opinion  it  was  occasioned  by  sea  insects ;  Mr; 
Forater,  however,  seemed  not  to  favour  this  upimon. 
Sorne  buckets  of  water  %vere  drawn  up  from  along- 
side the  ship,  which  was  found  lull  ox  an  innume- 
rafc^e  quantity  of  small  globular  insects,  about  the 
size  oi  a  common  ])in*s  head*  and  quite  transparent 
In  the  morning  they  stood  into  1  able  Bay*  and  an- 
chored in  five  fathom  water  They  had  no  sooner 
anchored  than  they  were  visited  by  the  Captain  of 
the   port  and  Mr-   Brandt.    This  last  gcntleinan 


SECOND  VOYAGE. 


irr 


brought  off  such  things  as  could  not  faij^of  being  ac- 
ceptable to  persons  coming  from  sea.  The  Master 
Attendant  also  visited  them,  according  to  custom, 
to  take  an  account  of  the  ships;  to  inquire  into 
the  health  of  the  crews ;  and,  in  particular,  if  the 
small-pox  was  on  board  ;  a  thing  they  dread  above 
all  others  at  the  Cape,  and  for  these  purposes  a ' 
surp^eon  is  always  one  of  the  visitants. 

Captain  Cook  waited  upon  the  Governor,  accom- 
panied by  Captain  Furneaux  and  the  two  Mr.  For-r 
sters.  He  received  them  with  great  politem- ss,  and 
promised  every  assistance  the  place  conld  attbrd. 

After  havingvisited  the  Governor  and  some  other 
principal  persons  of  the  place,  they  fixed  at  Mr. 
Brandt's,  the  usual  residence  of  most  officers  belong- 
ing to  English  ships.  This  gentleman  spares  nei- 
ther trouhK-  nor  expense  to  make  his  house  agree- 
able to  those  who  favour  him  with  their  company,* 
and  to  accommodate  them  with  every  thing  they 
want. 

Three  or  four  days  after  them,  two  Dutch  India- 
men  arrived  here  from  Holland,  after  a  passage  of 
between  four  and  five  mofiths,  in  which  one  lost,  by 
the  Scurvy  and  other  putrid  diseases,  150  men,  and 
the  other  41.  They  sent,  on  their  arrival,  great 
numbers  to  the  hospital  in  very  dreadful  circifm- 
stanccs. 

It  was  the  18th  of  November  before  they  had  got 
ready  to  put  to  sea-  During  this  stay  the  crews  of 
both  ships  were  served  every  day  with  fresh  beef 
or  mutton,  new  baked  bread,  and  as  much  greens 
as  they  could  eat.  The  ships  were  caulked  and 
painted;  and,  in  every  respect,  put  in  as  good 
a  condition  as  when  they  left  England. 

Mr.  Forster,  whose  whole  time  was  taken  up  in 
the  pursuit  of  Natural  History  and  Botany,  met 
vlth  a  Swedish  gentleman,  one  Mr.  Sparrman,  who 
had  studied  under  Dr.  Linnxus.  He,  by  Captain 
Cook's  consent,  embarked  as  an  assistant  to  Mr. 
Forster,  'vho  bore  his  expenses  on  boardi,  and  ^^ 
lowed  him  a  yearly  stipend  besides^ 

P  2  -         - 


MWn 


l^r -'  'J 


m 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


At  three  o'clock  in  the  afternoon  of  the  22d  they 
weighed,  with  the  wind  at  N- by  W.  On  the  25th 
they  had  abundance  of  albatrosses  about  them,  se- 
veral of  which  were  caught  with  hook  and  line ;  and 
were  very  well  relished  by  nriany  ot  the  people,  not- 
withstanding they  were  at  this  time  served  with 
fresh  mutton*  Judging  that  they  should  soon  come 
into  cold  weather,  the  Captain  ordered  slops  to  be 
served  to  such  as  were  in  want;  and  gave  to  each 
man  the  fear-nought  jacket  and  trowsers  allowed 
them  by  the  Adiiiiralty. 

A  violent  gale,  which  was  attended  with  rain  and 
hai]^  blew  at  times  with  such  violence,  that  they 
could  carry  no  sails ;  by  which  means  they  were  driv- 
en far  to  the  eastward  of  their  intended  course,  and 
no  ho|)es  were  left  of  reaching  Cape  Circumcision. 
But  the  greatest  misfortune  that  attende^i  them,  was 
the  loss  of  great  part  of  their  liv^  stock,  which  tfiey 
had  brought  from  the  Ca|)e,  and  which  consisted  of 
sheep,  hogs,  and  geese.  There  was  now  a  suddai 
transition  from  warm,  mild  weather,  to  extreme 
cold  and  wet,  which  made  every  man  in  the  ship 
feel  its  effecti) ;  for  bv  thij5  time  the  mercury  in  the 
thermometer  had  fallen  to  38,  whereas  at  the  Cape 
iit  was  generally  67,  and  iipwards.  The  night  prov- 
ed'nlear  and  serene,  and  the  only  one  that  was  so 
since  they  left  the  Cape  ;  and  the  next  morning  the 
rising  si^n  gave  such  flattering  hopes  of  a  fine  day,  that 
they  were  induced  to  let  all  the  reefs  out  of  the  top- 
sails. Their  hopes,  however,  soon  vanished  ;  for 
by  one  o'clock,  F.  M-  the  wind,  which  was  at  N.  W. 
blew  with  such  strength  as  obliged  them  to  take 
in  all  their  sails,  to  strike  top-gailant-masts,  and  to 
get  the  spritsail-yard  in.  I'he  three  folio v/ing  days 
the  wind  abated. 

On  the  10th,  the  weather  being  hazy,  they  dlii 
not  see  an  island  of  ice  which  they  were,  steering 
directly  for,  till  they  were  less  than  i  mile  from  it 
It  appeared  to  be  about  50  feet  high,  and  half  a 
mile  in  circuit.  It  was  flat  at  the  top,  and  its  sides 
rose  in  a  perpendicular  direction,  against  which  (Jie 
sea  broke  exceedingly  high. 


SECOND  VOYAGE. 


X79 


Captain  Furneaux  at  first  twk  the  'ce  for  land, 
I  and  hauled  off  from  it,  until  called  back  by  signal. 
As  the  weather  was  foggy,  it  was  necessary  to  pro- 
ceed with  caution. 

The  hazy  weather  continued  ontlie  11th  and  12tb, 
with  sleet  and  snow  ;  so  that  they  were  obliged  to 
proceed  with  great  cautioii  on  account  of  the  ice 
islands.  Six  of  these  they  passed  this  day  ;  some 
of  tliem  near  two  miles  in  circuit,  and  sixty  feet  high. 
And  yet,  such  wa?>  the  force  and  height  of  these 
waves,  that  the  sea  broke  quite  over  them.  Cap* 
tain  Cook  says,  *' This  exhibited  a  v.ew  which  for 
a  few  moments  was  pleasing  to  the  eye ;  but  when 
we  reflected  on  the  dar  ger,  the  Riiivd  was  filled  with 
horror.  For  were  a  ship  to  get  against  the  weath- 
er side  ot  one  of  these  islands  when  the  sea  runs 
high,  she  would  bedashed  to  pieces  in  a  moment.'* 

Froni  noon  till  eight  o'clock  in  the  evening,  twenty 
ice  islands,  of  various  exteiit,  both  for  height  and 
circuit,  came  in  view.  At  about  nine  o'clock  they 
found  no  ground  with  130  fathom  of  line. 

At  eight  o'clock  on  kuq  14th,  they  brought-to  un- 
der a  pv>int  of  the  ice,  where  they  had  smooth  wa- 
ter; and  the  two  Captains  fixed  on  rendezvouses  in 
case  of  separation,  and  some  other  matters  fpr  the 
better  keepiiig  company. 

Next  day,  the  15th,  they  had  the  wind  at  N.  W- 
a  small  gale,  thick,  foggy  weather,  with  much  snow; 
their  sails  and  rigging  were  all  hung  with  icicles. 
The  fog  was  so  thick  at  times,  that  tliey  co»ui()  not 
see  the  length  of  the  ship  ;  tnd  they  had  much  dif- 
•"culty  to  avoid  tl^e  many  islands  of  joe  that  sur- 
rounded them. 

On  the  17th,  they  saw  many  whales,  one  seal* 
penguins,  some  wiiite  birds,  another  sort  of  peterei, 
which  is  brown  ai^  white,  and  not  much  unlike  a 
pintado ;  and  some  other  sorts,  iliey  found  the 
skirts  of  the  loose  ice  to  be  more  broken  than  usual ; 
and  it  extended  some  distance  beyond  the  main 
field,  insomuch  that  they  saded  amongst  it  the  most 
Wt  of  the  day ;  and  the  high  ige  iilunUs  without 


'  Sf; 


'.iM 


(>l 


180 


CAPTAIN  COOK»S» 


■.V-    ■■_  .■  I 


•were  innumerable.  The  weather  was  sensibly 
colder  than  the  thermometer  seemed  to  point  out, 
insomuch  that  the  whole  crew  complained.  In  or- 
der to  enable  them  to  support  this  the  better,  the 
sleeves  of  their  jackets,  (which  were  so  short  as  to 
expose  their  arms)  were  lengthened  with  baize; 
and  had  a  cap  made  for  each  man  of  the  same  stuff, 
together  with  canvas ;  which  proved  of  great  ser- 
vice to  them. 

On  the  24th,  being  near  an  island  of  ice,  which 
•was  about  50  feet  high,  and  400  fathoms  in  circuit, 
the  master  went  in  thfe  jolly-boat  to  see  if  any  wa- 
ter ran  from  it.  He  soon  returned  with  an  account 
that  there  was  not  one  drop,  or  any  other  appear- 
ance of  thaw.  They  sailed  this  day  through  several 
floats,  or  fields  of  loose  ice,  lying  in  the  direction  of 
S.  E.  and  N.  W. 

On  the  29th,  they  came  to  a  resolution,  to  run  as 
far  west  as  the  meridian  of  Cape  Circumcision,  pro* 
vided  they  met  with  no  impediment,  as  the  distance 
■was  not  more  than  80  leagues,  the  wind  favourable, 
and  the  sea  seemed  to  be  pretty  clear  of  ice.  At 
one  o'clock  they  steered  for  an  island  of  ice,  think- 
ing, if  there  were  any  loose  ice  round  it,  to  take 
some  on  board,  and  convert  it  into  fresh  water. 
At  four  they  brought-to,  close  under  the  lee  of  the 
island;  where  they  did  not  find  what  they  wanted, 
but  saw  upon  it  86  penguins.  This  piece  of  ice  was 
about  half  a  mile  m  circuit,  and  one  hundred  feet 
high  and  upwards  ;  for  they  lay  for  some  minutes 
"With  every  sail  becalmed  under  it  The  side  on 
■which  the  peng\>ins  were,  rose  sloping  from  the  sea, 
so  as  to  admit  them  to  creep  up  it. 

They  continued  to  the  westward,  with  a  gentle 
gale  at  E.  N,  E. ;  the  weather  being  sometimes  to- 
lerably clear,  and  at  other  tin^a  thick  and  hazy, 
-with  snow.  On  the  3pth  they  shot  one  of  the  white 
birds ;  upon  which  they  lowered  a  boat  into  the  water 
to  take  it  up  ;  and  by  that  meavis  killed  a  penguin 
which  weighed  11 J  pounds.  The  white  bird  was 
pi  the  peterel  tribe  i  the  bill,  which  is  rather  ^^^^h 


'■'■J!i?®w--  )-%ti' 


SECOND  VOYAGE. 


ISl 


is  of  a  colour  between  black  and  dark  blue ;  and 
their  legs  and  feet  are  bine. 

On  the  second  of  January,  1773»  the  weather  was 
50  clear  that  they  might  have  seien  land  at  fourteen 

fifteen  leagues  distance^ 

On  tlie  5th,  they  had  much  snow  and  sleet,  which, 
las  usual,  froze  on  the  rigging  as  it  fell;  so  that 
every  rope  was  covered  with  the  fine&t  transparent 
ice.  This  afforded  an  agreeable  sight  enough  to  the 
eye,  but  conveyed  to  the  mind  an  idea  of  coldness, 
[much  greater  than  it  r«  ally  was ;  for  the  weather 
[was  ratlier  milder  than  it  had  been  for  some  time 
)ast,  and  the  sea  less  incumbered  with  ice. 

On  the  9th  they  brought-to,  and  hoisted  out  three 
[boats ;  and,  in  about  five  or  six  hours,  took  up  as 
[much  ice  as  yielded  fifteen  tons  of  good  fresh  water* 
The  pieces  taken  up  were  hard,  and  solid  as  a  rock; 
some  yyi  them  so  large,  that  they  were  obliged  to 
break  them  with  pick-axes,  betore  they  could  bo 
[taken  into  the  boats« 

The  salt  water  which  adhered  to  the  ice,  was  so 

[trifling  as  not  to  be  tasted,  and  after  it  had  lain  on 

the  deck  a  short  time,   entirely  drained  off;  and 

I  the  water  which    the  ice  yielded,    was  perfectly 

j  sweet  and  wdl-tasted*    Captain  Cook  says,  "I'his 

is  the  fnost  expeditious  method  of  v/atering  l\e  ever 

met  with.*'  : 

On  the  iT'th  they  sa^v  no  less  than  thirty-eii^ht 
ice  islands,  one  was  sixteen  or  eighteen  feet  high  at 
ieas^;  and  of  great  txtent  Here  also  they  saw 
many  whales  playing  about  the  ice  ;  and,  for  two 
da\  s  before,  had  seen  several  flocks  of  the  brown 
and  white  pintadoes,  which  were  named  Antarctic 
peterels,  because  tkey  seem  to  be  natives  of  that 
rejfrion. 

On  the  1st  of  February,  at  half  past  four  o'clock 
in  the  afternoon.  Captain  Furneaux  informed  Cap- 
tain ^^ook  that  he  had  just  seen  a  large  float  t^f  sea 
or  rock  weed,  and  about  it  several  birds  (divers.) 
These  were,  certainly,  signs  of  the  vicinity  of  land  ; 
^t  whether  it  lay  to  the  east  or  west,  was  not  pes- 
for  thena  to  know-  ^. 


'  m 


'irf 


182 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


^  On  the  8th  of  February,  having  lost  sight  of  the 
Adventure,  they  suspected  a  separation  had  taken 
place,  though  they  were  at  a  loss  to  tell  how  it  had 
been  effected.  Captain  Furneaujc  had  been  ordered 
by  Captain  Cook,  in  case  he  was  separated,  to  cruise 
three  days  .n  the  place  where  he  last  saw  him ;  he 
therefore  continued  making  short  boards,  and  firing 
half-hour  guns,  till  the  9th  in  the  afternoon,  when  the 
•weather  havina:  clears  d  up,  they  could  see  several 
leagues  round  them,  and  found  that  the  Adventure 
was  not  within  the  limits  of  their  horizon.  At  this 
time  they  were  about  two  or  three  leagues  to  the 
eastward  of  the  situation  they  were  in  when  they 
last  saw  her.  Next  day  they  saw  nothing  of  her, 
notwithstanding  the  weather  was  pretty  clear,  and 
Captain  Cook  had  kept  firing  guns,  and  burning 
false  fires  all  night.  He  therefore  gave  over  looking 
for  her,  made  sad,  and  steared  S  E.  with  a  fresh 
gale  at  W-  by  N.  accompanied  with  a  high  sea  from 
the  same  direction.  * 

On  the  17th,  at  nine  in  the  morning,  they  bore 
down  to  an  island  of  ice,  which  they  reached  by 
noon.  It  was  full  half  a  mile  in  circuit,  and  two  hun- 
dred feet  high  at  least ;  though  very  little  loose  ice 
about  it.  But  while  th-y  were  considering  whether 
or  no  they  should  hoist  out  boats  to  take  some  up,  a 
great  quantity  broke  from  the  island-  Of  this  de- 
tached part,  they  made  a  shift  to  get  on  board  about 
nine  or  ten  tons  before  eight  o'clock,  when  they 
hoisted  in  the  boats,  -and  made  sail  to  the  east,  inclin- 
ing to  the  south,  with  a  fresh  gale  at  south ;  which, 
soon  after,  veered  to  S.  S.  W.  and  S.  VV-  with  fair 
but  cloudy  weather. 

On  the  23d,  they  tacked,  and  spent  the  night 
•which  was  exceedingly  stormy,  thick,  and  hazVi 
with  sleet  and  snow,  in  making  short  boards.  Sur- 
rounded on  every  side  with  danger,  they  wished  for 
day -light.  This,  when  it  came,  served  only  to  in- 
crease their  apprehensions,  by  exhibiting  to  view, 
those  huge  mountains  of  ice,  which*  in  the  night, 
they  had  passed  without  seeing. 


^WAil 


SECOND  VOYAGE. 


183 


These  dancjers  were,  however,  now  become  so 
Ifamiliar,  that  the  apprehensions  they  caused  were 
[never  of  lone  duration ;  and  were,  in  some  measure, 
[compensated  both  by  the  seasonable  supplies  of  fresh 
[water  these  ice  islands  afforded,  (without  which 
(they  must  have  been  greatly  distressed,)  and  also  by 
(their  very  romantic  appearance,  greatly  heightened 
[by  the  foaming  of  the  waves  into  the  curious  holes 
[and  caverns  which  are  formed  in  many  of  them  ; 
the  whole  exhibiting  a  view,  which  at  once  filled 
the  mind  with  admiration  and  horror,  and  caa  only 
[be  described  by  the  hand  of  an  able  painter. 

The  28th,  a  sow  having  in  the  morning  farrowed 
I  nine  pigs,  every  one  of  them  was  killed  by  the 
cold  before  four  o'clock  in  the  afternoon,  notwith- 
standing great  care  was  taken  of  them:  chilblains 
were  also  common;  Such  is  the  summer  weathet 
I  they  enjoyed  ! 

On  Sunday,  the  7th  of  March,  the  weather  becaipe 
fair,  the  sky  cleared  up,  and  the  night  was  remarka- 
bly pleasant,  as  well  as  the  morning  of  the  next  day  ; 
which  for  the  brightness  of  the  sky,  and  serenity 
and  mildness  of  the  weather,  gave  place  to  none 
they  had  seen  since  they  had  left  the  Cape  of  Good 
Hope-  It  was  such  as  is  little  known  in  this  sea  ; 
and,  to  make  it  still  more  agreeable,  they  had  not 
one  island  of  ice  in  sight- 
March  17th,  Captain  Cook  now  came  to  a  resolu- 
tion, to  quit  the  high  southern  latitudes,  and  to  pro- 
ceed tc  New  Zealand,  to  look  for  the  AdveiUure,  and 
to  refresh  his  people- 

This  day  they  saw  several  porpoises,  into  one  of 
which  Mr.  Cooper  struck  a  harpoon  ;  but,  as  the 
ship  was  running  seven  knots,  it  broke  its  hold,  af- 
ter towing  it  some  minutes,  and  before  they  could 
deaden  the  ship's  way. 

As  the  wind,  which  coTitinued  between  the  north 
and  west,  would  not  permit  them  to  touch  at  Van 
Dieman's  Land,  they  shaped  their  course  to  New 
Zealand ;  and  being  under  no  apprehensions  of  meet- 
^gwith  any  danger,  the  Captain  was  not  backward 
m  carrying  sail 


v:. 


4    i  ^ 

'  ''i    • 


■}■' 


184 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


^.■.  ■/■S-r     ^ 


tor  the  three  days  past,  the  mercury  in  the  ther- 
mometer had  risen  to  46,  and  the  weather  was  quite 
mild.  Stjven  or  eight  degrees  of  latitude  had  made 
a  surprising  difterence  in  the  temperature  of  the  air, 
%vhich  they  felt  w?*^^h  an  agreeable  satisfaction. 

On  the  25th,  they  were  before  the  entrance  of  a 
bay,  which  they  had  mistaken  for  Dusky  Bay,  be- 
ing deceived  by  some  island  that  lay  in  the  mouth 
of  it. 

Fearing  to  run,  in  thick  weather,  into  a  place  to 
which  they  were  strangers,  and  seeing  some  break- 
ers and  broken  ground  ahead,  they  tacked  in  twen- 
ty-five fathom  water,  and  stood  ont  to  sea. 

On  the  26th,  they  steered  and  entered  Dusky 
Bay,  about  noon.  In  this  bay  they  were  all  stran- 
gers ;  in  Captain  Cook's  former  voyage,  he  only  dis- 
covered and  named  it. 

After  running  about  two  leagues  up  the  bay,  and 
j>as5ing  several  of  the  isle*  which  lay  in  it,  they 
brought- to,  and  hoisted  out  two  boats ;  one  of  whicn 
was  sent  away  with  an  officer  round  a  point  on  the 
larboard  hand,  to  look  for  anchorage.  This  he 
found,  and  signified  the  same  by  signal.  They  then 
followed  with  the  ship,  and  anchored  in  50  fathoms 
water,  so  near  the  shore  as  to  reach  it  With  an  haw- 
ser. This  was  on  Friday  the  26th  of  March,  at 
three  in  the  afternoon,  after  having  been  117  days  at 
sea ;  in  which  time  thejr  sailed  3660  leagues  with- 
out once  having  sight  ot  land. 

After  such  a  lon^  continuance  at  sea»  in  a  high 
fiouthem  latitude,  it  is  but  reasonable  to  think  that 
many  of  the  people  must  be  ill  of  the  scurvy.  The 
contrary,  however,  happened-  Sweet  wort  had 
been  given  to  such  as  were  scorbutic  This  had  so 
i&r  the  desired  effect,  that  they  had  only  one  man 
on  board  that  could  be  called  very  ill  of  this  disease ; 
occasioned  chiefly  by  a  bad  habit  of  body,  and  a 
complication  of  other  disorders. 

Their  first  care,  after  the  ship  was  moored,  was 
tp  send  9.  boat  and  people  a  fishing  ;  in  the  mean 
tine,  some  of  th«  gentlemen  kilte4  a  seal,  (out  4 


SECOND  VOYAGE. 


185 


many  that  were  upon  a  rock)  which  made  them  a 
fre^h  meal. 

The  fishing-boat  was  very  successful,  returning 
with  fish  sufncieiit  for  all  hands  for  sup])er ;  and  m 
a  few  hours  in  the  morning,  caught  as  many  as  serv- 
ed for  dinner.  This  gave  them  certain  hopes  of  be- 
log  plentifully  supplied  with  this  article.  Nor  did 
the  shores  and  woods  appear  less  destitute  of  wild 
fowl ;  so  that  they  hoped  to  enjoy,  with  ease,  what, 
in  their  situation,  might  be  called  the  luxuries  of  lite. 
This  determined  them  to  stay  some  time  in  this  bay, 
in  order  to  examine  it  thoroughly ;  as  no  one  had 
ever  landed  before,  on  any  of  the  southern  parts  of 
this  country. 

About  one  hundred  yards  from  the  stern,  was  a 
fine  stream  of  fresh  water.  Thus  situated,  they  be- 
gan to  clear  places  in  the  woods,  in  order  to  set  up 
the  astronomer's  observatory,  the  forge  to  repaid 
their  iron  work,  tents  for  the  sail-makers  and  coop- 
ers to  repair  the  sails  and  casks  in ;  to  land  the 
empty  casks»  to  fill  water,  and  to  cut  down  wood 
for  fuel ;  all  of  which  were  absolutely  necessary 
occupations.  They  also  began  to  brew  beer  from 
the  branches  or  leaves  of  a  tree,  which  much  resem- 
bles the  American  black  spruce. 

The  few  sheep  and  goats  they  had  left  were  not 
likely  to  fare  well,  there  being  no  grass  here,  but 
what  was  coarse  and  hnrsh.  k  was,  however,  not 
so  bad,  but  it  was  expected  they  would  devour  it 
with  great  greediness,  but  they  were  the  more  sur- 
prised to  find  they  would  not  taste  it ;  nor  did  they 
seem  over  fond  of  the  leaves  of  more  tender  plants. 
Upon  examination  chey  found  their  teeth  loose; 
ai^d  that  many  of  them  aad  every  other  symptom  of 
au  invec:  e  sea  scurvy.  Out  of  four  ewes  and 
two  rati  IS  vfhich  Captain  Cook  brought  from  the 
Cape,  wic'i  an  intent  to  put  ashore  in  this  country* 
lie  had  only  been  able  to  preserve  one  of  each ;  and 
even  these  were  in  so  bad  a  state  that  it  was  doubt- 
ful if  they  could  recover,  notwithstanding  all  the  care 
l)os!iible  had  t>een  taken  of  them. 

On  the  28th,  a  canoe  appeared,  and  Oiame  wi^tlwn 

VOL.1.      .  Q 


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IMAGE  EVALUATION 
TEST  TARGET  (MT-3) 


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Hiotograplsjc 

Sciences 
Corporation 


13  WEST  MAIN  STREET 

WnSTER.N.Y.  MSSO 

(716)  173-4503 


■^v^ 

V 


iB6 


CAPTAIN  COOK»S 


xiusket-shot  of  the  ship.  There  were  in  its  seven  or 
eight  people.  They  remained  looking  at  the  vhip 
for  some  time,  and  then  returned  ;  signs  of  friend- 
ship did  not  prevail  on  tliem  to  come  nearer.  After 
dinner  the  Captain  took  two  boais^  and  went  in 
search  of  them.  They  found  a  canoe  hauled  upoa 
the  shore  near  two  small  huts,  where  were  several 
fire-places,  some  fishing  nets,  a  few  fish  lying  on  the 
shor^,  and  some  in  the  caaoe,  but  saw  no  people ; 
they,  probably,  had  retired  into  the  woods.  After 
a  short  stay,  and  leaving  in  the  canoe  some  medals, 
looking-glasses,  beads,  See.  they  embarked  and  row- 
ed to  the  head  of  the  covDe,  where  they  found  noth- 
ing remarkable  In  returning  back  they  put  ashore 
stX  the  same  place  as  before  ;  but  still  saw  no  peo- 
ple. 

t  On  the  6th,  the  Captain  discovered  a  fine  capa- 
cious cove,  in  the  bottom  of  which  is  a  fresh  water 
river ;  on  the  west  side  several  beautiful  small  cas- 
cades ;  and  the  shores  are  so  steep,  that  a  ship  might 
lie  near  enough  to  convey  the  water  into  her  by  a 
hose.  In  this  cove  they  shot  fourteen  ducks,  be- 
sides other  birds,  wl^di  occastoaed  its  being  called 
Duck  Cove. 

As  they  returned  in  the  evening,  they  had  a  short 
interview  with  Awee  of  tlie  natives,  one  man  and  two 
"women.  Thev  were  the  first  that  discovered  thera- 
tielves  on  the  N.  E.  point  of  Indian  Lland,  named  so 
oh  this  occasion :  the  maii  hallooed  to  them.  He 
stood  with  his  chib  in  his  hand  upon  the  point  of  a 
rock,  and  behind  him,  at- the  skirts  of  the  wood> 
stood  the  two  women,  with  each  of  them  a  spear. 
The  man  could  not  help  discovering  great  signs  of 
fear  when  they  approached  the  rock  with  the  boat. 
He,  however,  stood  firm  ;  nor  did  he  mDve  to  take 
up  some  things  that  were  thrown  to  him.  At  length 
they  landed,  went  up  and  embiaced  him ;  and  pre- 
sented him  with  such  articles  as  they  had,  which  at 
once  dissipated  his  fears.  Presently  after  they  were 
joined  by  the  two  women,  and  some  of  the  seamen. 
After  this,  they  spent  about  half  an  hour  in  chit- 
#luit|  little  understood  on  either  side,  in  YiWh  the 


pi 


SECOND  VOYAGE. 


!8f 


toungest  of  the  two  women  bore  by  far  the  greatest 
share-  This  occasioned  one  of  the  seamen  to  say, 
that  women  did  not  want  tongue  in  any  part  of  the 
world.  Night  approaching,  obliged  them  to  take 
leave  of  them ;  when  the  youngest  of  the  two  wo- 
men, whose  volubility  of  tongue  exceeded  €very 
thing  they  ever  met  with,  gave  them  a  dance .;  but 
(he  man  viewed  us  with  great  attention. 

Nert  morning  they  made  the  natives  another 
visit,  accompanied  by  'Mr.  Forster  and  Mr.  Hodges, 
carrying  with  them  various  articles,  which  were 
presented  to  them,  and  which  they  received  with  a 
great  deal  of  indifference,  except  hatchets  and  spike 
nails  ;  these  they  most  esteemed.  This  interview 
vas  at  the  same  i^lace  as  last  night ;  and  now  they 
saw  the  whole  family.  It  consisted  of  the  man,  his 
two  wives  (as  we  supposed,)  the  young  woman  be- 
fore mentioned,  a  boy  about  fourteen  years  old,  and 
three  smaU  children,  the  youngest  of  which  was  at 
the  breast.  They  were  all  weH- looking,  except  one 
woman,  who  had  a  large  wen  on  her  upper  lip, 
which  made  her  disagreeable  ;  and  she  seemed,  on 
that  account,  to  be  in  a  great  measure  neglected  by 
the  man.  They  conducted  them  to  thei r  habitation , 
which  was  but  a  little  way  within  the  skirts  cf  Uie 
wood,  and  consisted  c^  two  mean  huts  made  of  the 
bark  of  trees.  Their  canoe,  which  was  a  small 
double  one,  just  large  enough  to  transport  the 
whole  family  from  place  to  place,  lay  in  a  small 
creek  near  the  huts.  During  their  stay,  Mr.  Hod- 
ges made  drawings  of  most  of  them  ;  this  occasioned 
them  to  give  him  the  name  of  Toe-toe^  which  word 
was  supposed  tasignify  marking  or  painting.  When 
they  took  leave,  the  Chief  presented  Captain  Cook 
with  apiece  of  cloth  or  garment  of  their  own  ma- 
nufacturing, and  some  other  trifles.  He  at  first 
thought  it  was  meant  as  a  rettini  w  the  presents  he 
had  made  him ;  but  he  was  soon  undeceived,  by  ex- 
pressing a  desire  for  one  of  their  boat  cloaks.  He 
took  the  hint,  and  ordered  one  to  be  made  for  him  of 
red  baize,  as  soon  as  he  got  on  board ;  where  rainy 
Vfeather  detained  him  the  following  day. 


185 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


The  9th,  being  fair  weather,  the  paid  the  natives 
another  visit.  They  found  them  at  their  habitations, 
all  dressed  and  dressing  in  their  very  besit,  with 
their  hair  combtrd  and  oiled,  tied  up  upon  the  crowns 
of  their  heads,  and  stuck  with  white  leathers*  Some 
mrore^  a  fillet  of  feathers  round  their  iieads  ;  and  all 
of  them  had  bunches  of  white  feathers  stuck  in  their 
ears.  Thus  dressed,  and  all  standing,  they  receiv* 
ed  iheari  with  great  courtesy.  Captain  Cook  pre- 
sented the  Chitrf  with  the  cloak  he  had  got  made  for 
him»  with  which  he  seemed  so  well  pleased,  that  he 
took  his  Pattuo-pattoo  from  his  i^irdfe,  aud  gave  it  iq 
return*    After  a  bhort  stay,  they  took  leave. 

On  the  21th,  several  of  the  natives  came  and  sat 
4own  on  the  shc^re  abreast  of  the  ship.  The  Cap* 
tain  now  caused  the  bagpipes  and  fife  to  play,  aud 
the  drum  to  beat  The  two  first  they  did  not  re- 
gard, but  the  latter  ca  ised  some  little  attention  m 
them  ;  nothing,  however,  could  induce  them  to  come 
on  board.  But  they  entered  with  great  familiarity 
into  conversatioih  (little  understood)  with s. chef 
the  officers  and  seamen  as  went  to  them,  paying 
much  greater  regard  to  some  than  to  others ;  these, 
^  was  suppo  ed,  th'^^took  for  femcdes.  To  one 
man  in  particular,  the  young  woman  shewed  an  ex- 
traordinarv  fondness,  until  she  discovered  his  six, 
after  which  she  would  not  suffer  him  to  come  near 
her.  V\'heUier  it  was  that  she  before  took  liim  for 
one  of  her  own  sex  ;  or  that  the  man,  in  order  to 
discover  himself,  had  taken  some  liberties  with  her 
ivhich  she  thus  resented,  is  not  knowc. 

On  the  morning  of  the  15th,  after  several  days 
rain,  the  weatlier  occame  clear*  The  Captain  set 
out  with  two  boats  to  survey  the  N.  W.  side  of  the 
bay,  accompanied  by  the  two  Nf r.  Fqrsters  and  se- 
veral of  the  officers,  whom  he  detach^  d  in  one  boat 
to  Goose  Cove,^here  they  intended  to  lodge  the 
night,  while  he  proceeded  in  the  other,  examining 
the  harbours  and  isles  which  lay  in  his  way.  In 
the  doin.^;  of  this  he  picked  up  about  a  score  of  wild 
fowl,  and  caught  fish  sufficient  to  serve  the  whole 
party  ;  and  reaching  the  place  of  rendezvous  a  little 


SECOND  VOYAGE. 


189 


before  dark,  he  found  all  the  gentlemen  out  duck- 
shooting  :  they  however  soon  returned,  not  overloaSi-. 
cd  with  game.  By  this  time  the  cooks  had  done 
their  parts,  in  which  little  art  was  required,  and  af- 
ter a  hearty  repast  on  what  the  day  had  produced, 
they  lay  down  to  rest  ;  but  they  took  care  to  rise 
early  the  next  morning,  in  order  to  have  the  other 
bout  among  the  ducks  before  they  left  the  cove. 

Accordingly,  at  day-light,  they  prepared  for  the 
attack.  Some  who  had  reconnoitred  the  place  be- 
fore, chose  their  stations  accoVdingly  ;  whilst  the 
Captain  and  another  remained  in  the  boat.,  and  row- 
ed to  the  head  of  tlj^e  cove  to  start  the  game,  which 
they  did  so  effectually,  that  out  of  some  scores  of 
ducks,  they  only  detained  one  to  themselves,  sending 
all  thf  rest  down  to  those  stationed  below.  About 
a  mile  from  hence,  across  an  isthmus/ they  found  an 
immense  number  of  wood-hens,  and  brought  away 
ten  couple  of  tjiem.  After  breakfast  they  set  out  to 
return  to  the  ship,  which  they  reached  by  seven 
o'clock  in  the  evening,  with  abput  sev*;n  dozen  of 
^vild  fo\yl,  and  two  seals. 

On  the  X7th  two  of  the  natives,  the  Chief  and  his 
(laughter,  ventured  on  board;  the  Captain  took 
them  both  down  into  the  cabin  where  they  were  to 
breakfast.  They  sat  at  table,  but  would  not  taste 
any  of  tl\e  victuals.  The  Chief  wanted  to  know 
where  the  Captain  slept,  and  indeed  to  pry  into  every 
corner  of  the  cabin,  all  parts  of  which  he  viewed 
with  some  surprise.  But  it  was  not  possible  to  fix 
his  attention  to  any  one  thing  a  siiiglts  moment.  The 
Works  of  art  appeared  to  him  in  the  same  light  as 
those  of  nature,  and  were  a^  far  removed  beyond 
his  comprehension.  What  seemed  to  strike  them 
most  was  the  number  and  strength  of  the  decks,  and 
other  parts  of  the  ship.  The  Chief,  before  became 
aboard,  presented  the  Captain  with  a  piece  of  cloth 
and  a  gi;^en  talc  hatchet ;  to  Mr.  For&ter  he  also 
xave  a  piece  of  cloth ;  and  the  girl  gave  another  ta 
Mr.  Hodges.  This  custom  of  making  presents,  be- 
fore they  receive  any,  is  common  with  the  natives  of 

the  Scuth  S$a  Islands ;  but  they  never  saw  it  pract 

ft5 


190 


CAPTAIN  C60K'S 


twed  in  Netv  Zealand  before.  Of  all  the  various  ar- 
ticles which  were  j^iven  to  the  Chief,  hitchets  and 
spike-nails  were  the  most  valuable  in  hi«  eyes. 
These  he  never  would  suffer  to  go  out  of  his  hands 
aftier  he  had  once  laid  hold  of  them  ;  whereas  many 
other  articles  he  would  lay  carelessly  down  aijy 
lirhere, and  at  last  leftve  them  bthind  hitii. 

On  the  20th  they  went  ashore  to  exatnine  the 
head  of  the    bay,    and  in    their  way   saw  some 
ducks,  which  by  their  creeping  through  the  bushes, 
they  got  a  shot  at,  and  killed  one.    The  moment 
they  had  fired,  the  natives,  who  were  not  discover- 
ed before*  set  up  a  most  hideous  noise  in  two  or 
three  places  close  by  them,  and  they  kept  up  their 
clamouring  noise,  but  did  not  follow  them.    Indeed 
they  found,  afierwai*ds,  that  they  colild  not  J  because 
of  a  branch  ofihe  rivej  between  th^m-    Th^  falling 
tide  obliged  them  to  retire  out  of  the  rivei*  to  the 
place  where  they  had  spent  the  night.    There  they 
breakfasted,  and  afterwards  embarked.    Justasthe 
Captain  was  returning  on  board,  he  saw  two  men 
on  the  opposite  shore,  hallooing  to  him,  which  in- 
duced him  to  row  over  to  them.    He  landed,  with 
two  others,  unarmed;   the  two  natives  standing 
about  100  yards  from  the  water  side,  with  each  a 
spear  in  his  hand.    When  the  three  advanced,  they 
retired ;   but  stood  when  the   Captain   advanced 
alone. 

It  was  some  little  time  before  they  could  be  pre- 
vailed upon  to  lay  down  their  spears.    This,  at  last, 
one  of  them  did  ;  and  met  the  Captain  with  a  grass 
plant  in  his  hand,  one  end  of  ^vhich  he  gave  him  to 
hold,  while  he  held  tht-  other.    Standing  in  this 
manner,  he  began  a  speech,  not  one  word  of  which 
•Was understood;  and  made  some  long  piauses.   As 
,  6oon  as  this  ceremony  was  over,  which  wias  not  long, 
they  saluted  each  other,    tie  then  took  his  Hahou, 
or  coat,  from  o|F  his  own  back,  and  put  ifr  upon  the 
Captain ;  after  which  peace  sieetned  firmly  estab- 
lished.   More  of  his  people  joinitig  drd  not  in  the 
Itast  alarm  them ;  on  the  contrary  Vtitj  ^uted 
€vi^iy  ii^p^  AS  they  gaJne  up) 


sfecoNi)  Voyage. 


191 

Othci^  pooplfe  were  seen  iti  the  skirts  of  the  wood, 
but  none  of  ^hem  joined ;  probably  these  were  their 
vivefi  and  children. 

When  ihey  took  leave,  the  natives  followed  them 
to  their  boat,  and  seeing  the  muskets  lying  across 
the  stern,  they  made  signs  for  them  to  be  taken 
away,  which  being  done,  they  catrie  alonj^-side,  and 
assisted  to  launch  her.  At  this  time  it  was  ne^es*^ 
sary  to  look  well  after  them,  for  they  wai^ted  to 
take  away  every  thing  they  could  lay  their  hands  up- 
on, except  the  muskets.  These  they  took  cafe  not  to 
touch,  being  taught  by  the  slaughter  they  had  seen 
iToade  among  th^  wild  fowl,  to  look  upon  them  as  in- 
struments of  death. 

In  the  afternoon  of  the  21st»  they  went  a  seal  hunt- 
ing. The  surf  ran  so  high  th^t  they  could  only  land 
in  one  place,  where  they  killed  ten.  These  animals 
served  three  purposes ;  the  skins  were  made  use  of 
for  the  rigging;  thfe  fat  gave  oil  for  their  laanps; 
and  the  flesh  they  ate.  Their  haslets  are  equal  to 
that  of  a  hog,  and  the  flesh  of  some  of  them  eats 
little  inferior  to  beef-steaks. 

In  the  morning  of  the  23d,  Mr.  tickefsgill,  Mr. 
Gilbert,  and  two  othets,  went  to  si  cove  called  Cas- 
cade Cove,  in  order  to  ascend  one  of  the  mountains, 
.the  summit  of  which  they  i*eached  by  two  o'clock  in 
the  afternoon.  In  the  evening  they  returned  on 
hoard,  and  reported,  that,  inland,  nothing  was  to  be 
seen  but  barf eti  mountains  with  huge  craggy  preci- 
pices, disjoined  by  valleys,  or  rather  chasm s,  if ight- 
lul  tobfehold.. 

Having  five  geese  left  out  of  those  brought  froiii 
the  Cape  of  Good  Hop6,  the  Captain  went  with 
them  next  morning  to  Goose  Cove  (named  so  on  this 
account,)  where  he  l€h  them.  He  chose  this  place 
for  ti/j'o  reasons :  first,  tiefe  are  no  inhabitants  to  dis- 
turb them  ;  and  secondly,  herie  being  the  most  food, 
there  is  no  dOubt  but  that  they  will  breed,  and  may 
in  tim^ft  ispread  oVer  the  whole  country,  and  fully  an- 
swer th^^  intention  in  leaving  them.  This  day  they 
Bftbt  a^hltc  kef  Oh,  Whith  Agfefed  fexactly  with^Mr. 
Pennant's  description,  in  bis  British  Zloology,  of  tfi^ 


192 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


white  herons  that  either  now  are,  or  were  formerly 
in  England*  .  ^ 

On  the  27th  they  had  hazy  weather.  In  the  morning 
Captain  Cook  set  out,  accompanied  by  Mr.  Pickers- 
gill  and  the  two  Mr.  Forstcrs,  to  explore  an  inlet 
seen  the  day  before.  After  rowing  about  two  leagues 
up  Iti  it  was  found  to  communicate  with  the  sea,  and 
to  afford  a  better  outlet  for  ships  bound  to  the  north 
than  the  one  they  came  in. by.  After  making  this 
discovery,  and  refreshing  themselves  on  broiled  fish 
and  wild  fowl,  they  set  out  for  the  ship,  and  got  on 
board  at  eleven  o'clock  at  niglxt.  In  this  expedition 
they  shot  forty  four  birds,  sea-pies,  ducks,  &c.  with- 
out going  one  foot  out  of  their  way,  or  causing  any 
otlK^r  delay  than  picking  them  up. 

Having  got  the  tents  and  every  other  article  on 
board  on  the  28th,  they  weighed  with  a  light  breeze 
at  S.  W.  and  stood  up  the  bay  for  a  new  pas^iiage. 

In  the  morning  of  the  11th  of  May,  at  nine  o'clocic, 
they  weighed,  with  a  light  breeze  at  S-  E.  and  stood 
out  to  sea.  It  was  noon  before  they  got  clear  of  the 
land. 

The  couatry  is  exceedingly  mountainous ;  a  prosr 
pect  more  rude  and  craggy  is  rarely  to  be  met  with; 
tor  inland  appears  nothing  but  the  summits  of  moun- 
tains of  a  stupendous  height,  and  consisting  of  rocks 
that  are  totally  barren  and  naked,  except  where 
they  are  covered  with  snow.  But  the  land  border- 
ing on  the  sea  coast,  and  all  the  islands,  are  thickly 
clothed  with  woods,  almost  down  to  the  water's 
edge.  The  trees  are  of  various  kinds,  such  as  are 
common  to  other  parts  of  the  country,  and  are  fit 
for  the  shipwright.  hoqse-<?arp€nter,  cabinet-npaker, 
and  many  other  uses, 

Her^  are,  as  well  as  in  other  parts  of  New  Zea* 
land,  a  great  number  of  aromatic  trees  and  shrubs, 
most  of  the  myrtle  kind  ;'but  amidst  all  this  variety 
there  was  none  which  bore  finiit  fit  to  eat. 

In  many  parts  the  woods  were  so  over-run  with 
supple-jacks,  that  it  is  scarcely  possible  to  force 
one's  way  amongst  them*  Several  WCr^  fifty  or  5iX5 
ty  fathoms  long;. 


SECOND  VOYAGfe. 


193 


The  soil  is  a  deep  black  mould,  evidently  compos^ 
ed  of  decayed  vegetables,  and  so  loose  that  it  sinks 
ander  you  at  every  step.  Except  the  flax  or  hemp 
plant,  and  a  tew  other  plants,  there  is  very  little 
oerbagc  of  any  sort.  What  Dusky  Bay  most  abound* 
with  is  fish :  a  boat  with  six  or  eighi  men,  with 
hooks  and  lines,  caught  daily  sufficient  to  serve  the 
whole  ship's  company*  Of  this  article  the  variety 
is  aliAost  equal  to  the  plenty,  and  of  such  kinds  as 
are  common  to  the  more  northern  coasts ;  but  some 
are  6up<;rior,  and  in  particular  the  cole  fish,  as  it 
was  called,  which  is  both  larger  and  finer  flavoured 
than  any  they  had  seen  before,  and  was,  in  the  opi* 
nion  of  most  on  baird,  the  highest  luxury  the  sea  af- 
forded. The  shell  fish  are,  muscles,  cockles,  scol- 
lops, cray-fi^,  and  many  other  sorts.  These  are  to 
be  fouud  in  great  numbers  about  this  bay,  on  tho 
small  rocks  and  isles  near  the  sea-coast. 

They  found  here  five  different  kinds  of  ducks, 
some  of  which  Captain  Cook  did  not  recollect  to 
have  any  where  seen  before.  The  largest  are  as 
big  as  a  Muscovy  duck,  with  a  very  beautiful  varie- 
^ted  plumage,  on  which  account  they  calkd  it  the 
rainted  Duck ;  both  ftiale  and  female  have  a  large 
white  spot  on  each  wing ;  the  head  and  neck  of  the 
latter  is  white,  but  all  the  other  feathers,  as  well  as 
those  on  the  head  and  neck  of  the  drake,  are  of  a 
dark  variegated  colour* 

For  thiee  or  fyur  days  after  they  arrived,  and 
were  clearing  the  woods  to  set. up  their  tents,  &c. 
a  four-footed  animal  was  seen  by  three  or  four  of 
the  sailors,  but  as  no  two  gave  the  same  description 
of  it,  it  is  not  easy  to  say  of  what  kind  it  is*  All, 
however,  agreed,  that  it  was  about  the  size  of  a  cat, 
vrith  short  legs,  and  of  a  mouse  colour.  One  of  the 
seamen,  and  he  who  had  the  best  view  of  it,  said  it 
had  a  bushy  tail,  and  was  the  most  like  a  jackall  of 
any  animal  he  knew.  The  most  probable  conjec- 
ture is  that  it  is  of  a  new  species. 

The  most  mischievous  animals  here  are  the  small 
black  sand  flies,  which  are  very  numerous,  and  ex- 
ceedingly troublesome^     Wherever  tliey  bite  they 


!94 


CAPTAIN  COOK^S 


cause  a  swelling,  and  such  intolerable  itching,  that  it 
is  not  possible  to  refrain  from  'scratching,  which  at 
last  brings  on  ulcers  like  the  small-pox< 

The  inhabitants  of  this  bay  are  ot  the  same  ncc 
of  people  with  those  in  the  other  parts  of  this  coun- 
try, speak  the  same  language,  and  observe  nearly 
the  same  customs.  These  mdeed  seem  to  have  a 
custom  of  making  presents  before  they  receive  any ; 
in  which  they  come  nearer  the  Otabeiteans  than  the 
rest  of  their  countrymen.  What  could  induce  three 
dr  four  families  (ior  there  does  not  appear  to  be 
more)  to  separate  themselves  so  far  from  the  society 
of  the  rest  of  their  fellow  creatures,  is  not  easy  to 
guess.  Few  as  they  are,  they  live  not  in  perfect 
an^ity  one  family  with  another  For  if  they  did,  wky 
do  they  not  form  themselves  into  some  society  ?  a 
thing  not  only  natural  to  man,  but  observed  even  by 
the  brute  creation. 

After  leaving  Dusky  Bay,  they*  steered  for  Queea 
Charlotte's  Sound,  where  thev  expected  to  find  the 

d venture.  In  this  passage  they  met  with  nothing 
.  wmarkable  or  worthy  of  notice,  till  the  17th,  at  four 
o'clock  in  the  afternoon,  when  the  sky  became  sud- 
denly obscured  by  dark  dense  clouds,  and  seemed 
to  forebode  much  wind.  Presently  after  six  wate^ 
spouts  were  seen.  Four  rose  and  spent  themselves  be- 
tween them  and  the  land,  that  is,  to  the  S  W-  the  fifth 
was  without  them ;  the  sixth  first  appeared  in  the  S. 
W-  at  the  distance  of  two  or  three  miles  from  them. 
Its  progressive  motion  was  to  the  N.  E.  iwJt  in  a 
straight,  but  in  a  crot)ked  line,  and  passed  within 
iifty  yards  of  the  stern,  without  their  feeling  any  of 
its  eflects-  The  diameter  of  tlie  base  of  this  spout 
was  judged  to  be  about  fifty  or  sixty  feet ;  that  is, 
the  sea  withm  this  space  was  agitated,  and  foaojed 
up  to  a  great  height.  From  this  a  tube  or  round 
body  was  formed,  by  which  the  water,  or  air,  or 
both,  was  carried  in  a  spiral  stream  up  to  the  clouds* 
Some  of  the  sailors  said,  they  say  a  bird  in  the  one 
near  them  ;  which  was  whirled  round  like  a  fly  of  a 
jack  as  it  was  carried  upwards*  During  the  time 
these  spouts  la:sted,  they  had,now  andthen,  light  puffs 


SECOND  VOYAGE. 


193r 


of  wind  from  all  points  of  the  compass.  From  the 
ascending  motion  of  the  bird,  and  several  other  cir- 
cumstances, it  is  very  plain,  that  these  spouts  are 
caused  by  whirlwinds  ;  and  that  the  water  in  them 
was  violently  hurried  upwards,  and  did  not  descend 
from  the  clouds,  as  is  generally  supposed.  The  first 
appeasi^nce  of  them  is  by  the  violent  agitation  and 
rising  up  of  the  water ;  and,  presently  after,  you  see  a 
round  column  or  tube  forming  from  the  clouds  above, 
which  apparer.t!y  descends  till  it  joins  the  agitated 
water  below.  Captain  Cook  says,  apparently,  be- 
cause he  believes  it  not  to  be  so  in  reality,  but  that 
the  tube  is  already  formed  from  the  agitated  water  , 
below,  and  ascends,  though  at  first  it  is  eitlier  too 
small  or  too  thin  to  be  seen.  When  the  tube  is  form- 
ed, or  becomes  visible,  its  apparent  diameter  in  - 
creaseth  until  it  is  pretty  large  ;  after  that,  it  de- 
crcaseth  ;  and»  at  last,  it  breaks  or  becomes  invisi- 
ble towards  the  lower  part.  Soon  after,  the  sea  be- 
low resumes  its  natural  state,  and  the  tube  is  drawn, 
by  little  and  little,  up  to  the  clouds,  where  it  is  dis- 
sipated. The  most  rational  accotmt  of  water-spouts, 
the  Captain  says,  is  in  Mr.  Falconer's  Marine  Dic- 
tionary, which  is  chiefly  collected  from  the  philo- 
sophical writings  of  the  ingenious  Dr.  Franklin. 

At  day-light  on  the  18th  of  May,  they  arrived  off 
Queen  Charlotte's  Sound,  where  they  discovered 
the  Adventure,  by  the  signals  she  made  ;  an  event; 
which  every  one  felt  with  an  agreeable  satisfaction. 
At  noon.  Lieutenant  Kemp,  of  the  Adventure,  came 
on  board  ;  from  whom  they  learnt  that  their  ship  had 
been  there  about  six  weeks-  In  the  evening  they 
came  to  an  anchor  lin  Ship  Cope  near  the  Adven- 
ture ;  when  Captain  Furneaux  came  on  board,  and 
gave  Captain  Cook  an  account  of  hisipreceedings 
during  their  separation. 

Substance  &fCatitam  Furneau^ 8  JVhrratwe. 

ON  the  7th  of  February,  1773,  in  the  morning, 
the  Resolution  being  about  two  miles  ahead,  the  - 
^1n4  shifting  to  the  westward  brought  on  a  verjj 


196 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


thick  fog,  80  that  the  Adventure  lost  si^^ht  of  her. 
They  soon  after  heard  a  gun,  the  report  of  which 
they  inmj^ined  to  be  on  the  larboard  beam ;  they 
then  hauied  up  S.  £.  and  kept  firing  a  four  pounder 
every  half  hour ;  but  had  no  answer,  nor  further 
sight  of  her :  then  they  kept  the  course  thcv  steer- 
cd  before  the  fog  came  on.  In  the  evening  ft  beean 
to  blow  hard,  and  was,  at  intervals,  more  clear,  out 
could  see  nothing  of  the  Resolution,  which  ^ve 
them  much  uneasiness.  l*hey  then  tacked  and 
stood  to  the  westward,  to  cruise  in  the  pl^^^e  where 
they  last  saw  her,  according  to  agreement  m  case 
of  separation ;  but  next  day  came  on  a  heavy  gale 
of  wmdand  thick  weather,  that  obliged  them  to 
bring-to,  and  thereby  prevented  their  reaching  the 
intended  spot.  They  cruised  as  near  the  place  as 
they  could  ^et  for  three  days,  when  giving  over  all 
Iiopes  of  joming  company  again,  they  bore  away 
for  winter  quarters,  distant  fourteen  hundred  leagues, 
through  a  sea  entirely  unknown,  and  reduced  the 
allowance  of  water  to  one  quart  per  day.  They 
•were  daily  attended  by  freat  numbers  of  sea-birds, 
and  frequently  saw  porpobes  curiously  spotted 
>¥hite  and  black. 

On  the  1st  of  March,  they  bore  away  for  the  land 
laid  down  in  the  charts  by  the  name  of  Van  Dietnea*s 
Land,  discovered  by  Tasman  in  1642,  and  supposed 
to  join  to  New-Holland. 

Oil  the  9th  of  March,  they  saw  the  land  beanng 
K.  N.  £.  al)out  eight  or  nine  leagues  ^stant-  It  ap- 
peared  moderately  high,  and  uneaven  near  the  sea- 
They  hauled  immediately  up  for  it,  and  by  noon 
"were  within  three  or  four  leagues  of  it-  Soundings 
from  forty-eight  to  seventy  fathoms,  sand  and  brok- 
en shells.  Here  the  country  is  hilly  and  well  cloth- 
ed with  trees ;  they  saw  no  inhabitants. 

The  morning  on  the  10th  of  March  being  calm, 
the  ship  then  about  four  miles  from  the  land,  sent  the 

great  cutter  on  shore  with  the  second  Lieutenant,  to 
nd  if  there  was  any  harbour  or  good  bay.  Soon  af- 
ter, it  beginning  to  blow  very  hard,  the"^  -  «de  the 
signal^  the  boattp  tctarn  aeverai  tmh^-  t^i^  ^^f 


SECOND  VOYAGE. 


19r 


did  net  see  or  hear  any  thing  of  it ;  thf  ship  th0*^ 
thtec  or  four  leagues  off,  which  gave  them  mui% 
uneasines',  as  there  was  a  very  ^reat  sea.  At  m\f 
past  one,  P.  M.  to  their  great  satisfaction,  the  bodt 
returned  on  board  safe.  They  landed,  but  with 
mneh  difficulty;  and  saw  several  placea^  where  the 
Indians  had  been,  and  one  they  lately  had  left, 
where  they  had  a  fire,  with  a  great  number  of  pearl 
escallop-shells  r<)und  it.  which  shells,  they  brought 
on  board,  with^ome  burnt  sticks  and  green  bou^s« 
The  weather  obliged  them  to  return  without  in- 
vestigating the  place  pi-opcrly :  they  saw  no  part 
to  anchor  at  with  safety* 

On  the  16th  they  passed  Mar!  a *8  Islands,  so  nam- 
ed by  Tasman ;  they  appear  to  be  the  same  as  the 
main  land*  The  land  hereabouts  is  much  pleasant- 
er,  low  and  even ;  but  no  signs  of  a  harbmir  or  bay^ 
rh'ijre  a  ship  might  anchor  with  safety. 

They  stood  to  the  eastward  for  Charlotte's  Sound, 
with  a  light  breeze  at  N.  \V.  in  the  morning  of  the 
5th  of  April,  and  on  the  6th  they  had  the  Sound 
open,  but  the  wind  being  down,  it  obliged  them  to 
worlc  up  under  the  western  shore,  as  the  tide  set^ 
up  strong  there  when  it  runs  down  in  mid -channel. 
At  ten,  the  tide  being  at  ebb,  they  were  obligect 
to  come-to  with  the  best  bower  in  thirty-eight  fa- 
tlioms,  close  to  some  white  rocks-  As  they  sailed 
Qp  the  sound  they  saw  the  tops  of  high  mountains 
covered  with  snow,  which  remains  all  the  year  ; 
about  five  o'clock  on  the  Tth,  anchored  in  Slip  Cove» 
in  ten  fathoms  water- 

The  two  following  days  were  employed  in  clear- 
in?  a  place  on  Motuara  island  for  erecting  tents  for 
the  sick,  (having  then  several  on  board  much  afflict- 
ed with  the  scur^,)  the  sail-makers  and  coopers. 

On  the  9th,  they  were  visited  by  three  canoes  with 
^bout  sixteen  of  the  natives;  and  to  mduce  them  to 
kring  fish  and  other  provisions^  they  gave  them  se- 
*«ral  things,  with  which  they  seemed  highly  pleas- 
ed. One  of  their  people  seeing  something  wrapt  uj) 
In  a  better  manner  than  common,  had  th«  curiost- 
^ts>examinc  \Trh»t  it  was;  and,  to  his  great  «U'  - 


198 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


%  - 


f'se,  foui^  it  to  be  the  head  of  a  man  lately  killed* 
cy  were  very  apprehensive  of  its  being  forced 
IP  thepr* ;  and  particuliirly  the  man  who  seem- 
ed most  interested  in  it,  whose  very  flesh  crept  on 
his  bon^jsfor  fear  of  being  punished  by  them,  as  Cap- 
tain Cook,  on  a  former  voyage,  had  expressed  his 
great  abhorrence  of  this  unnatural  act.  They  used 
every  method  to  conceal  the  head,  by  shifting  it 
from  one  to  another ;  and  by  signs  endeavouring  to 
convince  them  that  there  was  no  sifth  thing  among 
them,  though  they  had  seen  it  but  a  few  minutes  be- 
fore. They  tlien  took  their  leave,  and  went  oa 
^shore. 

They  frequently  mentioned  Tupia,  "which  was 
the  name  of  the  ©ative  of  George's  Island  (or  Ota- 
heite,)  brought  here  by  the  Endeavour,  and  who 
died  at  Batavia  ;  and  when  they  told  them  he  was 
dead,  some  of  them  seemed  to  be  very  much  con- 
cerned, and,  as  well  as  they  could  understand  them, 
wanted  to  know  whether  he  was  killed,  or  if  he 
died  a  natural  death.  By  these  questions,  they  are 
the  same  tribe  Captain  Cook  saw.  In  the  afternoon, 
they  returned  again  with  fish  and  fern  roots,  which 
they  sold  for  nails  and  other  trifles ;  though  the 
nails  are  what  they  set  the  most  value  on.  The 
man  and  womaa  who  had  the  head  did  not  come  off 
again. 

Next  morning  the  natives  returned,  to  the  num- 
ber of  fifty  or  sixty,  with  their  Chief  at  their  head 
(as  was  supposed),  in  five  double  canoes,  lliey 
gave  their  implements  of  war,  stone  hatchets,  and 
clothes,  &c.  for  nails  and  old  bottles,  which  they 
put  a  great  value  on.  A  number  of  the  head  men 
came  on  board,  and  it  was  with  some  difficulty  they 
got  them  out  of  the  ship  by  fair  means ;  but  on  the 
appearance  of  a  musket  with  a  fixed  bayonet,  they 
all  went  into  their  canoes  very  quickly. 

On  the  11th  of  May,  they  felt  two  severe  shocks  of 
an  earthquake,  but  received  no  kind  of  damace. 
On  the  17th  they  had  the  pleasure  of  seeir^  the 
ResoUition  oflf  the  mouth  of  the  Sound.  Thtj  im- 
mediately se,nti)ut  the  boats  to  her  assistance  ta  tow 


SECOND  VOYAGE. 


199 


Iter  in,  it  being  calm*  Both  ships  felt  uncpmrnon  joy 
at  their  meeting  after  an  absence  of  fourften  >veeks> 
•^Here  the  transactions  of  both  shifts  commence 
ogam* 

Captain  Cook  knowing  that  scurvygrass,  celery, 
and  other  vegetables,  were  to  be  found  in  Queen 
Charlotte's  Sound,  went,  in  the  morning  after  his  ar- 
rival, at  day  break,  to  look  for  some,  and  returned 
on  board  at  breakfast  with  a  boat-load.  Being  now 
satisfied,  that  enough  was  to  be  got  for  the  crews 
of  both  ships,  he  gave  orders  that  they  .should  be 
boiled,  with  wheat  and  portable  broth,  every  morn- 
ing for  breakfast;  and  with  pease  and  broth  for  din- 
ner; knowmg,  from  experience,  that  these  vegeta- 
bles, thus  dressed,  are  extremely  beneficial  in  re- 
moving all  manner  of  scorbutic  complaints. 

In  the  morning  of  the  20th,  he  sent  ashore,  to  the 
watering  place  near  the  Adventure's  tent,  the  only 
ewe  and  ram  remaining,  of  those  which  he  had 
brought  from  the  Cape  of  G<^)d  Hope,  with  an  in- 
tent to  leave  in  this  country*  Soon  after,  he  visited 
the  several  gardens  Captain  Furneaux  had  caused 
to  be  made  and  planted  with  various  articles ;  all 
of  which  were  in  a  flourishing  state,  and,  if  attended 
to  by  the  natives,  may  prove  of  great  utility  to  them. 
The  next  day  he  set  some  men  to  work  to  make  a 
garden  on  Long  Island,  which  he  planted  with  gar- 
den seeds,  roots,  &c. 

.  On  the  22d  in  the  morning,  the  ewe  and  ram  he 
had  with  so  much  care  and  trouble  brought  to  this 
place,  were  both  found  dead ;  occasioned,  as  was 
supposed,  by  eating  some  poisonous  plant.  Thus 
his  hopes  of  stocking  this  country  with  a  breed  of 
sheep,  were  blasted  m  a  moment.  About  noon  they 
were  visiied,  for  the  first  time  since  they  arrived, 
by  some  of  the  natives,  whp  dined  with  them ;  and 
it  was  not  a  little  they  devoured.  In  the  evening 
they  were  dismissed  with  presents* 

On  the  morning  of  the  24th  they  met  a  large  ca- 
woe,  in  which  were  fourteen  or  fifteen  people.  One 
of  the  first  questions  they  asked,  was  for  Tupia,  the 
person  brought  from  Otaheite  on  the  former  vov- 


soo 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


age ;  and  they  seeiped  to  express  some  concen, 
when  they^old  them  he  was  dead.  These  people 
made  the  same  inquiry  of  Captain  Funieaux  when 
he  iir^t  arrived. 

Notiiing  worthy  of  notice  happened  till  the  29th, 
when  several  ot  the  natives  made  them  a  visit,  and 
brought  with  them  a  quantity  of  fish,  which  they 
exchanged  fi)r  nails,  Sec.  One  of  these  people  Cap- 
tain Cooii  took  and  shewed  him  some  potatoes  plant* 
ed  there  by  Mr-  Faunen,  inaister  of  the  Endeavour. 
There  seemed  to  be  no  doubt  of  their  succeeding; 
and  the  man  was  so  well  pleased  with  them,  that 
he»  of  his  own  accord,  began  to  hoe  the  earth  up  a« 
bout  the  plants-  They  next  took  him  to  the  odier 
gardens,  and  shewed  him  the  turnips,  carrots,  and 
parsnips  ;  roots  Which,  together  with  the  potatoes 
will  be  of  more  real  use  to  them  than  any  other  ar- 
ticles they  had  planted.  It  was  easy  to  give  then 
an  idea  ot  these  roots,  by  comparing  them  withsodi 
AS  they  knew* 

Two  or  three  families  of  these  people  now  took 
xtp  their  abode  near  the  ships,  employing  them- 
selves daily  in  fishing,  and  supplying  them  with  the 
fruits  of  their  labour ;  the  good  effects  of  which  weie 
soon  felt.  For  they  were  by  no  means  such  expert 
iishers  as  the  natives  ;  nor  were  any  of  the  EiigUsh 
methods  of  hshmg  equal  to  theirs. 

On  the  2d  oi  June,  the  ships  being  nearly  ready 
to  put  to  sea.  Captain  Cook  sent  on  shore  two  goats, 
male  and  female-  The  former  was  something 
more  than  a  year  old ;  but  the  latter  was  much 
older.  She  had  jwo  fine  kids  soire  time  before 
tliey  arrived  in  Dusky  bay,  which  were  kril*  d  by 
cold.  Captain  Furneaux  also  put  on  shore,  in  Can- 
nibal Cove,  a  boar  and  two  breeding  sows  ;  so  that 
there  is  reason  to  hope  this  country  will,  in  time,  be 
stocked  with  these  animals,  if  they  are  not  destroy- 
ed by  the  nati\es  before  they  brcome  wild  ;  for  af- 
terwards they  will  be  in  no  dnnger. 

In  their  excursion  to  the  EUisi,  they  met  with  the 
largest  seal  they  had  ever  3<.en-  It  was  swimming 
©R  the  surface  of  the  water,  and  suffered  them  tc 


SECOND  VOYAGE. 


201 


oomc  near  enough  to  fire  at  it ;  but  without  eflFect : 
for,  after  a  chace  of  near  an  hour,  they  were  obliged 
to  leave  it.  By  the  size  of  this  animal,  it  was  pro- 
bably a  sea  lioness.  It  certainly  bore  much  resem- 
blance to  the  drawing  in  Lord  Anion's  voyage. 

Early  the  next  morning,  some  of  the  natives 
brought  a  large  supply  of  fish.  One  of  them  agreed 
to  go  away  with  them  ;  but  afterwards,  that  is, 
when  it  came  to  the  point,  he  changed  his  mind  ;  as 
did  some  others  who  had  promised  to  go  with  the 
Adventure.  One  of  them  desired  Captain  Cook  to 
give  his  son  a  white  shirt,  which  he  accordingly 
did.  The  boy  was  so  fond  of  his  new  dress,  that 
he  went  all  over  the  ship,  presenting  himself  before 
every  one  that  came  in  his  way.  This  freedom  used 
by  him  offended  Old  Will  the  ram  goat,  who  gave 
him  a  butt  with  his  horns,  and  knocked  him  back- 
ward on  the  deck.  Will  would  have  repeated  his 
blow,  uad  not  some  of  the  p>eople  come  to  the  boy's 
assistance.  The  misfortune,  however,  seemed  to 
him  irreparable.  The  shirt  was  dirtied,  and  he 
was  afraid  to  appear  in  the  cabin  before  his  father, 
nntil  brought  iu  by  Mr.  Forster ;  when  he  told  a 
very  lamentable  story  at^ainst  Goury,  the  great  dog 
(for  so  they  called  all  the  quadrupeds  that  were  on 
board),  nor  could  he  be  reconciled,  till  the  shirt  was 
washed  and  dried.  This  story,  though  trifling  in  it- 
self, will  show  how  common  it  is  to  mistake  these 
people's  meanhig,  and  to  ascribe  to  thenj  customs 
they  never  knew  even  in  thought. 

About  nine  o'clock,  a  large  .double  canoe,  in 
which  were  twenty  or  thirty  people,  appeared  in 
sight.  The  natives  on  board  seemed  much  alarmed, 
saying  that  these  were  their  enemies.  Two  of 
them,  the  one  with  a  spear,  and  the  other  with  a 
stone  hatchet  in  his  hapd»  motmted  the  arm  chests 
on  the  poop,  and  there,  in  a  kind  of  bravado,  bid 
those  enemies  defiance ;  while  the  others,  who  were 
on  board,  took  to  their  ca^joe,  and  went  ashore, 
probably  to  secure  the  women  and  children. 

However,  they  came  on  board,  and  were  very 
peac^ ''Met  A  trade  sron  commenced  between  the 

»2 


202 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


sailors  and  them.  It  was  not  possible  to  hinder  the 
former  from  sellin.e;  the  clothes  from  off  tlieir  backs 
for  the  merest  trifles,  things  that  were  neither  use- 
ful nor  curious.  This  caused  Captain  (>ook  to  dis- 
miss the  strangers  sooner  than  he  would  have  done. 

June  the  4th  they  spent  their  Royal  Master's 
birth-day  in  festivity  ;  having  the  company  of  Cap- 
tain Furneaux  and  all  his  officers.  Double  allow- 
ance enabled  the  seamen  to  share  in  the  general  joy. 

During  their  stay  in  the  Sound,  Captain  Cook  ob« 
served  that  this  second  visit  made  to  this  country 
had  not  mended  the  morals  of  the  natives  of  either 
sex.  He  had  always  looked  upon  the  females  of 
New  Zealand  to  be  mor^  chaste  than  the  generality 
of  Indian  women.  VVhitevcr  favours  a  few  of  them 
might  hiive  granted  to  the  people  in  the  Endeavour, 
it  was  generally  done  in  a  private  manner,  and  the 
men  did  not  seem  to  interest  themselves  much  in  't. 
But  now,  he  was  told,  they  were  the  chief  pro- 
moters of  a  shavi^etul  traffic,  and  that,  for  a  spike- 
nail,  or  any  other  thing  they  value,  they  would 
oblige  the  women\o  prostitute  themselves,  whether 
they  would  or  no  ;•  and  even  without  any  regard  to 
tl\at  privacy  which  decency  required. 

On  the  7th  of  June,  at  four  in  the  morning,  the 
wind  being  favourable,  they  unmoored,  and  at  seven 
weighed  and  put  to  sea,'  with  the  ^\dventure  in 
company. 

Nothing  material  occurred  till  the  29th,  when 
Captain  Cook  was  informed  the  crew  of  the  Adven^ 
ture  were  sickly  ;  And  this  he  found  was  but  too  true. 
Her  cook  was  dead,  and  about  twenty  of  her  best 
men  were  down  with  the  scurvy  and  flvjx.  At  this 
time,  his  ship  had  only  three  men  on  the  sick  list, 
and  only  one  of  them  attacked  with  the  scurvy.  Seve- 
ral more,  however,  began  •to  shew  symptoms  of  it, 
and  were  put  upon  the  woit,  marmalade  of  carrots, 
rob  of  lemrins  and  oranges. 

To  introduce  any  new  article  of  food  among  sea- 
men, let  it  be  ever  so  much  for  their  good,  requirtss 
both  the  example  and  authority  of  a  comiuander ; 
vith(5(jxt  both  ot  which,  it  will  by  dropt  before  the 


SECOND  VOYAGE. 


2^3 


|eople  arc  sensible  of  the  benefits  resulting  from  it. 
^iany  of  the  people,  offieers  as  well  as  seamen,  at 
first  disliked  celerly,  scurvy-grass,  &c.  being  boile4 
in  the  peace  and  wheat ;  and  some  refused  to  eat 
it.  But  as  this  had  no  effect  on  Captain  Cook's 
conduct,  this  obstinate  kind  of  prejudice  by  little  and 
little  wore  off;  they  began  to  like  it  as  well  as  the 
others. 

On  the  6th  of  August  ,Captain  Cook  sent  for  Cap- 
tain Furneaux  to  dinner ;  from  whom  he  learnt 
that  his  peopke  were  much  better,  the  flux  having 
kft  thew  ;  aad  the  scurvy  was  at  a  stand*  Some 
cyder  which  he  happened  to  have,  and  which  he 
gave  to  the  scorbutic  people,  cg^tributed  not  a  httle 
to  this  happy  change-  The  weather  to-day  wa^ 
cloudy,  atid  the  Wind  very  unsettled-  This  seemed 
to  announce  the  approach  of  the  so  much  wished  for 
trade-wind  ;  which,  at  eight  o'clock  in  the  evening, 
after  two  hours  calm,  and  some  heavy  showers  m 
rain,  they  actually  got  at  S-  E. 

The  sickly  state  of  the  Adventure's  crew  made 
it  necessary  to  make  their  best  way  to  Otaheite, 
where  they  were  sure  of  finding  refreshments. 
Consequently  they  continued  their  courst^  to  the 
west;  at  six  o'clock  in  the  evening,  land  was  seen 
from  the  mastrhead,  bearing  west  by  south.  Pror 
bably  this  was  one  of  Bougainville's  discoveries.  Cap- 
tain Cook  called  it  Doubtful  Island  ;  the  getting  to  a 
place  where  they  could  procure  refreshments  was 
iBore  an  object  at  this  time  than  discovery. 

At  day-break  on  the  12th,  th^  discovered  land 
right  ahead,  distant  about  two  mdes  ;  so  that  day- 
Bght  advised  them  of  their  danger  but  just  in  time. 
This  proved  another  of  these  low  or  half-drowned 
islands,  or  rather  a  large  coral  shore,  of  about 
twenty  leagues  in  circuit. 

The  next  morning  at  four,  they  made  sail,  and  at 
day-break  saw  another  of  these  low  islands,  which 
obtained  the  name  of  Adventure  Island.  IV!.  de 
Bougainville  very  properly  calls  this  cluster  of  low 
overflowed  isles  the  Dangerous  Archipelago.    Th6 

smoothness  of  tiie  sea  sufi&cicQtly  gmvinged  tl^m 


m 


N 


504 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


that  they  were  surrounded  by  them,  and  how  n€CC!^^ 
sary  it  was  to  proceed  with  the  utmost  caution,  es- 
pecially in  the  night. 

On  the  15th,  at  five  o'clock  in  the  morning,  they 
saw  Osnaburg  Island,  or  Maitea,  discovered  by 
Capt  Wallis.  Soon  after  they  brought-to,  and  wait- 
ed tor  the  Adventure  to  come  up  with  them,  to  ac- 
quaint Capt.  Furneaux,  that  it  was  his  intention  to 
put  into  Oaiti-piha  Bay,  near  the  S.  E-  end  of  Ota- 
Seite,  in  order  to  get  what  refreshments  thty  could 
frc^r  that  part  of  the  island,  before  they  went  down 
to  Matavia.  This  done,  they  made  sail,  and  at  ax 
in  tfie  evening  saw  the  island  bearing  west.  They 
continued  to  stand  on  till  midnight,  when  they 
brought-to,  till  four  o'clock  in  the  morning;  and 
then  made  sail  in  for  the  land  with  a  fine  breeze  at 
east. 

At  day-break,  they  found  themselvet  not  more 
than  half  a  league  from  the  reef.  I'his  made  it 
necessaiy  to  hoist  out  their  boats  to  tow  the  ship  off; 
but  all  their  efforts  were  not  sufficient  to  keep  them 
ffom  being  carried  near  the  reef.  A  number  of  the 
inhabitants  came  off  in  canoes  from  diflferent  parts, 
bringing  with  them  a  little  fish,  a  few  cocoa-nuts, 
and  other  fruits,  which  the}'  exchanged  for  nails, 
beads,  &c.  Most  of  them  knew  Captain  Cook 
again  ;  and  many  inquired  for  Mr.  Banks  and 
others  who  were  with  him  before  ;  but  not  oife  ask- 
ed for  Tupia.  • 

The  calm  continuing,  their  situation  became  still 
more  dangerous.  They  were,  however,  not  without 
hopes  of  getting  ^ound  the  western  point  of  the  reef, 
and  into  the  bay,  till  about  two  o'clock  in  the  after- 
noon,  when  they  came  before  an  opening  or  break 
in  the  reef,  through  which  they  hoped  to  get  with 
the  ships.  But  on  sending  to  examine  it,  found  there 
was  not  a  sufficient  •depth  oT  water  ;  though  it  caus* 
ed  such  an  indraught  of  the  tide  of  flood  through  it, 
as  was  very  ne^r  proving  fatal  to  the  Resolution; 
for  as  soon  as  the  ships  got  into  this  stream,  they 
were  carried  with  great  impetuosity  towards  the 
.  f  pet    The  moment  Caj  taija  Cook  perceived  this,  be 


SECOND  VOYAGE.  205 

ordered  one  of  the  warping  machines,  which  they 
bad  in  readiness,  to  be  carried  out  with  about  fouv 
huodred  fathoms  of  rope;  but  it  had  not  the  least 
effect.  The  horrors  oi  shipwreck  now  stared  them 
in  the  face.  They  were  not  more  than  two  cabies 
kngth  from  tlie  breakers;  and  yet  they  could  find 
no  bottom  to  anchor,  the  only  probable  means  they 
had  left  to  save  the  ships.  1  hey ,  however,  dropped 
an  anchor;  but  before  it  took  hold,  and  brought 
them  up,  the  ship  was  in  less  then  three  fathom« 
water,  and  struck  at  every  fall  of  the  sea,  which  * 
broke  close  under  their  stern  in  a  dreadful  surf, and 
threatened  them  every  moment  with  shipwreck* 
The  Adventure  very  luckily  brought  up  close  upon 
their  bow  without  striking. 

They  presently  carried  ©ot  two  kedge  anchors. 
with  hawsers  to  each.  These  found  ground  a  little 
without  the  bower,  but  in  what  depth  they  never 
knew.  By  heaving  upon  them,  and  cutting  away  the 
bower  anchor;  they  got  the  ship  a-float,  where  they 
lay  some  time  in  the  greatest  anxiety,  expecting 
every  minute  that  either  the  kedg^es  would  come 
home,  or  the  hawsers  be  cut  in  two  by  the  rocks^ 
At  length  the  tide  ceased  to  act  in  the  same  direc* 
tion.  All  the  boats  were  ordered  to  try  to  tow  oflT 
the  Resolution ;  and  when  they  saw  this  was  prac<* 
ticable,  they  hove  up  the  two  ked^res-  At  that  mo» 
meat  S.  light  air  came  off  from  the  land,  which  so 
much  assisted  the  boats,  that  they  soon  got  clear  of 
all  danger*  -[llien  they  ordered  all  the  boats  to  as- 
sist the  Adventure  ;  but  before  they  reached  her, 
fih#'  Was  under  sail  with  the  land  breeze,  leaving  be* 
hind  her  three  anchors,  her  coasting  cable,  and  two 
hawsers,  which  were  never  recovered.  Thus  they 
were  once  more  safe  at  sea,  after  narrowly  escaping 
being  wrecked  on  the  very  island  they  but  a  few 
days  before  so  ardently  wished  to  be  at.  The  caim» 
after  bringing  them  into  this  dangerous  situation, 
very  fortunately  continued.  For  had  the  sea-breeze* 
as  is  usual,  set  in,  the  Resolution  must  inevitably 
have  been  lost,  and  probably  the  Adventure  too. 

Daring  the  time  they  were  in  this  critical  situation. 


206  CAPTAIN  COOK'S 

a  numDer  of  the  natives  were  on  board  and  aboot 
the  ships.  They  seemed  to  be  insensible  of  danger, 
shewed  not  tlie  least  surprise,  joy,  or  fear,  when  the 
ships  were  striking,  and  left  them  a  little  before  sun- 
set, quite  uncoiiCe;rned. 

They  spent  the  night,  which  proved  squally  and 
rainy,  making  short  boards;  and  the  next  morning, 
being  the  17th,  they  anchored  in  Oaiti-piha  Bay,  in 
twelve  fathoms  water,  about  two  cables  length  from 
theshoi^,  both  ships  being  by  this  time  crowded  with 
a  great  number  of  the  natives,  who  brought  with 
them  cocoa-nuts,  plantains,  bananas,  apples,  yams, 
and  other  roots,  which  they  exchanged  for  nails  and 
beads.  To  several  who  called  themselves  Chiefs, 
Captain  Cook  made  presents  of  shirts,  axes,  and 
several  other  articles ;  and  in  return,  they  promised 
to  bring  hogs  and  fowls ;  a  promise  they  never  did, 
nor  ever  intended  to  perform. 

Early  in  the  morning  Captain  Cook  sent  the  two 
launches,  and  the  Resolution's  cutter,  under  the 
command  of  Mr-  Gilbert,  to  endeavour  to  recover 
tiie  anchors  they  had  left  behind  them.  They  re- 
turned about  noon  with  the  Resolution's  bower  an- 
chor, but  could  not  recover  any  of  the  Adventure's. 
The  natives  came  off  again  with  fruit,  as  the  day 
before,  but  in  no  great  quantity.  Many,  however, 
who  called  themselves  Earees^  or  Chiefs,  came  on 
board,  partly  with  a  view  of  getting  presents,  and 
partly  to  pilfer  whatever  came  in  their  way. 

One  of  this  sort  of  Eartes  the  Captain  had  most 
of  the  day  in  the  cabin,  and  made  presents  to  him 
and  all  his  friends,  which  were  not  a  few.  At  length 
he  was  caught  taking  t^gs>vhich  did  not  belcng.to 
him,  and  handing  thewt  out  at  the  quarter- gallery. 
Many  compiaintrof  the  like  nature  were  made  to 
him  against  those  on  deck,  which  occasioned  his 
turning  them  all  out  of  the  ship.  The  cabifi  v;uest 
made  good  haste  to  be  gone.  The  Captain  was  so 
much  exasperated  at  his  behaviour,  that,  after  he 
bad  got  some  distance  from  the  ship,  he  filled  two 
muskets  over  his  head,  which  made  him  quit  the  car 
noe  and  take  to  the  water c    He  then  sent  a  boat  to 


SECOND  VOYAGE. 


say 


take  up  the  canoe ;  but  as  she  came  nearer  the 
shore,  the  people  from  thence  began  to  pelt  her 
with  stones.  Being  in  some  pain  for  her  safety,  as 
she  was  unarmed,  he  went  himsClf  in  another  boat 
to  protect  her,  and  ordered  a  great  gun,  loaded  with 
ball,  to  be  fired  along  the  coast,  which  made  them 
all  retire  from  the  shore,  and  he  was  suftered  to 
bring  away  two  canoes  without  the  least  show  of  op- 
position. In  one  of  the  canoes  was  a  little  boy,  who 
was  much  frightened ;  but  he  soon  dissipated  J^is^ 
fears,  by  giving  him  beads,  and  putting  him  on  shore. 
A  few  hours  after,  they  were  ^11  good  friends  again  ; 
and  the  canoes  were  returned  to  the  first  person 
vl^o  came  for  them> 

It  was  not  till  the  evening  of  this  day  that  any  one 
inquired  after  Tupia,  and  then  but  two  or  three. 
As  soon  as  they  learned  the  cause  of  his  death,  they 
were  quite  satisfied  ;  indeed  it  did  not  appear  to 
them  tliat  it  would  have  caused  a  moment's  uneasi* 
ness  in  the  breast  of  any  one,  had  his  death  been  oc- 
casioned by  any  other  means  than  by  sickness. 

Nothing  worthy  of  note  happenecton  the  20th,  till 
tlie  dusk  of  the  evening,  when  one  of  the  natives 
made  off  with  a  musket  belonging  to  the  guard  on 
shore.  Captain  Cook  was'present  when  this  happen- 
I' ed,  and  sent  some  of  his  people  after  him,  which 
would  have  been  to  little  purpose,  had  not  some  of 
the  natives,  of  their  own  accord,  pursued  the  thief* 
They  knocked  him  down,  took  from  him  the  musket, 
and  brought  it  back.  Fear  on  this  occasion,  certain- 
ly operated  more  with  them  than  principle.  They, 
however,  deserve  to  be  applauded  for  this  act  of 
justice ;  for  if  they  had  not  given  their  immediate 
assistance,  it  would  hardly  have  been  in  his  power 
to  have  recovered  the  musket  by  any  gentle  means 
whatever ;  and  by  making  use  of  any  other,  he  was 
sure  to  lose  more  than  ten  times  its  value. 

In  the  evening  Captain  Cook  was  informed  that 
Waheatoua  was  come  into  the  neighbourhood,  and 
wanted  to  see  him.  In  consequence  of  this  informa- 
tion, he  determined  to  wait  one  day  longer  in  order 
to  lave  8^  interview  with  this  Prince.    According- 


S06 


CAPTAIN  COOK'8 


ly,  early  the  next  morning,  he  s^t  out  in  company 
•with  Captain  Furneaux,  Mr.  Forstcr,  and  several 
of  the  natives'.  They  found  him  seated  on  a  stool, 
with  a  circle  of  people  round  him  ;  he  knew  Cap- 
tain Cook  at  first  sight,  and  he  the  Prince,  havio| 
seen  each  other  several  tiroes  in  1769.  At  that  tiihe 
he  was  but «  boy,  and  went  bv  the  name  of  Tearee; 
but  upon  the  death  of  his  father  Waheatoua,  he 
took  upon  him  that  name, 
•  After  the  first  salutation  was  over,  having  seated 
the  Captain  on  the  same  stool  with  himself,  and  the 
other  gentlemen  on  the  ground  by  them,  he  began 
to  inquire  after  several  by  name  who  were  with  him 
on  his  former  voyage.  He  next  inquired  how  tong 
they  would  stay  ;  and  when  he  told  him  no  longer 
than  next  day,  he  seemed  sorry,  asked  the  Captain 
to  stay  some  months,  and  at  last  came  down  to  five 
days ;  pronusing,  in  that  time,  he  should  have. hogs 
in  plenty.  But  as  he  had  been  here  already  a  week, 
without  so  much  as  getting  one,  he  could  not  put  any 
faith  in  this  promise.  The  present  made  him  con- 
sisted of  a  sliirt,  a  sheet,  a  broad  axe,  spike  nails, 
knives,  looking-glasses,  medals,  beads,  ^c.  In  re- 
turn he  ordered  a  pretty  good  ho^  to  be  carried  ta 
their  boat. 

They  staid  with  him  all  the  morning,  during 
which  time  he  never  suffered  Captain  Cook  to  gp 
from  his  side,  where  he  was  seated  ;  at  length  thejr 
took  leave,  in  order  to  returti  on  board  to  dinner. 
They  got,  in  the  whole,  to-day,  as  nmch  fresh  j^orfc 
2i^  gave  the  crews  of  both  ships  a  meal ;  and  this  in 
consequence ,  of  their  having  this  interview  with  the 
Chief.  Hie  24th,  early  in  tlie  morning,  th^y  put  to 
sea  with  a  light  land  breeze. 

The  fruits  they  got  here  greatly  contributed  to* 
t/tirds  the  recovery  erf  the  Adventure's  sick  people 
Many  of  them  who  had  been  so  ill  as  not  to  be  able 
to  move  without  assistance,  were  in  't*h!s  sftoftt  time 
so  far  recbvered,  that  they  could  walkabotit  of  theflli- 
selveiB.  It  was  not  till  the  evening  of  Ihis  day  tbtft 
they  arrived  in  Matavia  Bay.         .      ^  . 

Before  they  got  to  an  anchor,  theSf  de^si^  WWtf 


SECOND  VOYAGE. 


2€^ 


crowdied  with  the  natives  ;  many  of  whom  Captaiit 
Cook  kneWr  and  almost  all  of  them  knew  him.  A 
i;reat  crowd  was  assembled  together  upon  the  sborc*^ 
&mon^st  whom  was  Otoo  tilieir  King.  The  Captaia 
was  just  going  to  pay  hin^  a.  vbit,  when^  he  was  told 
hd  was  mataow^dt  and  gone  to  Oparree* 

He  set  out  on  the  26th  for  Oparree,  accompanied 
bf  Captain  Furneaux,  Mr*  Forster^  and  others, 
Maritata  and  his  wife.  As  soon  as  they  landed,  they 
were  conducted  to  Otoo,  whom  they  found  seated 
on  the  ground,  under  the  shade  of  a  treCrWithan 
knmtnse  crowd  romid  him.  After  the  firrstcom- 
pliments  weve  over,  he  presented  him  with  such  ar- 
ticks  a^  were  supposed  to  be  most  valuable  in  h\:^ 
eyesv  well  knt)wMig  that  it  was  his  interest  to  gain 
tne  friendship  of  this  man.  He  also  made  presents 
to  several  of  ais  attendants  ;;  and,  in  return,  they  of- 
fered him  clbth,  which  he  refused  to  accept ;  telling 
them  that  what  hehad  given  was  for  9ioy  (friendship). 
The  King  inqiiired  for  Tupia,  and  all  the  gentlemen 
that  were  with  the  Captain  in  his  former  voyage^ 
by  name*  He  promised  that  they  should  have  some 
hogs  the  next  day  ;,  but  he  had  much  ado  to  obtain^ 
SI  promise  from  him  to  visit  him  on  board.  He  said 
he  was,  mataou  no  tcfiaufioue^  that  is^  afraid  of  the 
»ins»  Indeed,  all  his  actions  shewed  him  a  timorous 
Prince.  He  was  about  thirty  years  of  age,  six  feet 
high,  and  a  fine,  personable;  well  made  man  as  one 
can  see..  All  his  subjects  appeared  uncovered  before 
him,  his  father  not  excepted*  What  is  meant  by  un- 
covering, is  the  making  bare  the  head  and  shoul- 
deft,  or  wearing  no  sort  of  clothing  above  the  breast. 

On  the  27th,.  earfy  in  the-  moraing,  Otoo,  attended 
hy  a  numerous  train,  paid  them  a  visit-  He  first 
sent  into  the  ship  a  lavge  quantity  of  cloth,  fruits,  a 
hog,  and  two  large  fish  ;  and,  after  some  persuasion^ 
came  aboard  himself,  ^ith  his  sister,  a  younger  bro- 
ther, and  several  more  attendants.  1  o  all  of  them 
they  made  presents.  •  Captain  Furneaux  presented 
the  King  with  two  fine  goats,  male  and  female, 
which,  it  takenicare  of,  or  rather  if  no  care  at  all  U 
token  of  ^ei».  will  ik>  doubt  multiply- 

yOL.1..    '  S 


210 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


Very  early  in  the  morning  on  the  28th,  they  had 
another  visit  from  Otoo»  who  brought  more  cloth,  a 
pig,  and  some  fruit-  His  sister,  who  was  with  him, 
and  some  of  his  attendants,  came  on  board  ;  but  he 
and  others  went  to  the  Adventure,  with  the  hke 
presents  to  Captain  Fumeaux.  It  was  not  long  be- 
fore he  returned  with  Captain  Furneaux  on  board 
the  Resolution^  when  Captain  Cook  made  him  a 
handsome  return  for  the  present  he  had  brought 
him,  and  dressed  his  sister  out  in  the  best  manner 
he  could.  She,  the  King's  brother,  and  one  or  two 
more,  were  covered  before  him  to-day.  When  Otoo 
came  into  the  cabin,  Ereti  and  some  of  his  friends 
were  sitting  there.  The  moment  they  saw  the  King 
enter,  they  stripped  themselves  in  great  haste,  je- 
ing  covered  before-  Seeing  Captain  Cook  took  notice 
of  it,  they  said  Earee^  Earee  ;  giving  him  to  under-- 
stand  that  it  was  on  account  of  Otoo  being  present. 
This  was  all  the  .respect  they  paid  him  ;  for  they 
never  rose  from  their  seats,  nor  made  any  other 
obeisance.  When  the  King  thought  prope>*  to  depart, 
he  was  carried  to  Oparrce  in  a  boat ;  where  Cap- 
tain Cook  entertained  him,  and  his  people,  with  the 
bagpipes  (of  which  music  they  are  very  fond,)  and 
dancing  by  the  seamen.  He,  in  return <  ordered 
some  of  his  people  to  dance  also,  which  consisted 
chiefly  of  contortions.  There  were,  however,  some 
who  could  imitate  th(i  seamen  tolerably  well,  both 
ui  country  dancer  and  hornpipes. 

Next  morning  after  breakfast  they  took  a  trip  to 
Oparree,  again  to  visit  Otoo-  They  made  him  up 
a  present  ofsuch  things  as  he  had  not  s,een  before. 
One  article  was  a  broad-sword  ;  at  the  sight  of 
which  he  was  so  intimidated,  that  Captain  Cook  had 
much  ado  to  persuade  him  to  accept  of  it,  and  to  have 
it  buckled  upon  him ;  where  it  remained  but  a  short 
time,  before  he  desired  leave  to  take  it  off  and  send 
U  out  of  his  sight. 

Soon  after  they  were  conducted  to  the  theatre ; 
where  they  were  entertained  with  a  dramatic  heava^ 
or  yi/ay,  in  which  were  both  dancing  and  comedy. 
Tlie  per&rmer^  were  five  men,  and  one  womau^ 


V       iwiiiPP.1 


SECOND  VOYAGP. 


211 


who  was*  no  less  a  person  than  the  Kind's  sister.  The 
music  consisted  ot  three  drums  only  ;  it  lasted  about 
sin  hour  and  a  half,  or  two  hours,  and,  upon  the 
whole,  was  well  conducted-  It  was  not  possible  for 
them  to  find  out  the  meaning  of  the  play'  Some 
part  seemed  adapted  to  the  present  time,  as  Captain 
Cook's  name  was  frequently  mentioned.  ()ther 
parts  were  certainly  wholly  unconnected  with  them. 
Tlie  dancinj^-dress  of  the  lady  was  very  handsome, 
l)eing  decorated  with  tassels,  made  of  feathers,  hang- 
ing irom  the  waist  downward.  As  soon  as  all  was 
over,  the  King  himself  dewred  C'aptain  Cook  to  de- 
part ;  and  sent  into  the  boat  different  kinds  of  fruit 
and  fish,  ready  dressed.  With  this  they  returned 
onboard;  and  the  next  morning  the  King  sent  them 
more  fruit,  and  several  sniall  parcels  .  f  fish. 

Nothing  farther  remarkable  happened  till  ten 
o'clock  in  the  evening,  when  they  were  alarmed  with 
the  cry  of  murder,  and  a  great  noise,  on  shore,  near 
the  bottom  of  the  bay,  at  some  distance  from  the  en- 
campment. Captam  Cook  suspected  that  it  was 
occasioned  by  some  of  his  own  people  ;  and  imme- 
diately armed  a  boat,  and  sent  on  shore,  to  knoii^ 
the  occasion  of  this  disturbance,  and  to  bring  olf 
such  of  their  people  as  should  be  found  there.  The 
boat  soon  returned  with  three  marines,  and  a  sea- 
man. Some  others,  belonging  to  the  Adventure, 
were  also  taken,  and  being  all  put  under  confine- 
ment, the  next  morning  the  Captain  ordered|>hem 
to  be  punished  according  to  their  deserts.  H|^did 
not  find  that  any  mischief  was  done,  and  the  people 
would  confess  nothing.  This  disturbance  was  sup- 
posed to  be  occasioned  by  their  making  too  free  with 
the  women.  Be  this  as  it  will,  the  natives  were  so 
much  alarmed,  that  they  fled  from  their  habitations 
in  the  dead  of  the  night,  and  the  alarm  spread 
many  miles  along  the  coast  For  when  Captain 
Cook  went  to  visit  Otoo,  in  the  morning,  by  appoint- 
ment, he  found  him  removed,  or  rather  fit  d,  many 
miles  from  the  place  of  his  abodcr  Even  there  he 
was  obliged  to  wait  some  hours,  before  he  could  see 


312 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


him  at  an  ;  and  wliea  he  did,  he  complained  «f  the 
last  night*s  riot 

As  this  was  intended  to  be  the  last  visit.  Captain 
Cook  had  taken  with  him  a  present  suka^ie  to  the 
occasion  Among  other  things,  were  tliree  Cape 
sheep,  which  he  had  seen  before,  and  asked  for  ; 
for  these  people  never  lose  a  thing  by  not  asking  for 
it*  He  was  much  pleased  with  them  ;  though  he 
could  be  but  little  benefited,  as  they  were  all 
vrethers ;  a  thing  he  was  made  acquainted  with.  The 
presents  he  got  at  this  interview  entirely  removed 
his  fears,  and  opened  his  henrt  so  much,  that  he 
sent  for  three  hogs,  which  he  presented  to  them ; 
one  of  them  was  \  ;3iy  smalL 

They  now  took  leave,  and  informed  him  ther 
should  quit  the  island  the  next  day ;  at  which  he 
seemed  much  movedy  and  embraced  the  Captain 
several  times. 

pn  the  1st  of  September,  the  ships  unmoored* 
Our  old  friend  Pottatou,  his  wife^  or  mistress,  and  some 
more  of  his  fnends,  came,  in  order  to  visit  the  (^ap< 
tain,  lliey  brought  him  a  present  of  two  hogs,  and 
^me  fish  ;^  and  Mr*  Pickersgill  got  two  more  hogs, 
oy  exchancre,  from  Oamo:  for  he  went  ia  thebcAt 
as  far  as  Paparra,  where  ho  saw  old  Oberea.  She 
seemed  much  altered  for  the  worse,  poor,  and  of 
little  conseq*ience.  The  wind,  which  had  blown  wes- 
terly all  day,  having  shifted  at  once  to  the  east, 
they  out  to  sea  ;  and  dismissed  their  friends  soonei 
than  they  wished  to  go ;  but  well  satisfied  with 
the  tecejition  they  had  met  with. 

Some  hours  before  they  got  under  sail,  a  yoonp 
man,  whose  tiame  was  Poreo,  came  and  desired  the 
Captain  would  take  hira  with  him  ;  he  consented, 
thinking  he  might  he  of  senice  on  some  occasions. 
Many  more  offered  themselves,  but  he  refused  to 
take  them.  This  youth  asked  for  an  axe  and  a 
spike-nail  for  his  father,  who  was  then  on  board* 
He  had  them  accordingly,  and  they  parted  just  as 
they  wpre  getting  under  sail,  more  like  two  stran- 
gers than  father  and  son.  This  raised  a  doubt  whe- 
ther it  was  90 ;  which  was  fEMther  confirmed  by  & 


SECOND  VOYAGE. 


215 


canoe,  conducted  by  two  men,  coming  along-side, 
as  they  were  standing  out  of  the  bay,  and  demand- 
ing the  young  man  in  the  name  ot  Otoo.  He  now 
saw  that  the  whole  was  a  trick  to  get  something 
from  him;  well  knowing  that  Otoo  was  not  in 
the  neighbourhood,  and  could  know  nothing  of  the 
matter.  Poreo  seemed,  however,  at  first  undeter- 
mined whether  he  should  go  or  stay  ;  but  he  soon  in- 
clined to  the  former.  The  Ciiptain  then  told  them 
to  return  the  axe  and  nails,  and  then  he  should  go, 
(and  so  he  really  should)  but  they  said  they  were 
ashore^  and  so  departed.  Though  the  youth  seem- 
ed pretty  well  satisfied,  he  could  not  refrain  from 
weeping,  when  he  viewed  the  land  astern. 

As  soon  as  they  were  clear  of  the  bay,  and  their 
boats  in,  they  directed  their  course  for  the  island  of 
Huaheine,  where  they  intended  to  touch.  They 
made  it  the  next  day,  and  spent  the  night,  making 
short  boards,  under  the  north  end  of  the  island.  At 
day  light  in  the  morning  of  the  3d,  they. made  sail 
for  the  harbour  of  Owharre  ;  in  which  the  Resolu- 
tion anchored,  about  nine  o!clock,  in  twenty-four  fa- 
thoms water.  Several  of  the  natives,  by  this  time, 
had  come  off,  bringing  with  them  some  of  the  pro- 
ductions of  the  island  ;  and  as  soon  as  the  ships  were 
in  safety.  Captain  Cook  landed  with  Captain  Fur- 
neaux,  and  was  received  by  the  natives  with  the  ut- 
most cordiality.  Some  presents  were  distributed 
among  them  ;  and  presently  after,  they  brought 
down  hogs,  fowls,  dogs,  and  fruits,  which  tliey  wil- 
lingly exchanged  for  hatchets,  nails,  beads,  8cc. 
The  like  trade  was  soon  opened  on  board  the  ship  ; 
so  that  they  had  a  fair  prospect  of  being  plentifully 
supplied  with  fresh  pork  and  fowls  ;  and,,  to  people 
in  their  situation,  this  was  no  unwelcome  thing. 

Early  the  next  morning,  Lieutenant  Pickersgill 
sailed  with  the  cutter,  on  a  trading  party,  toward 
the  south  end  of  the  isle.  Captain  Cook  also  sent 
another  trading  party  on  shore  near  the  ship,  with 
which  he  went  himsfelf,  to  see  that  it  was  properly 
conducted  at  the  first  setting  out,  a  very  necessary 
Doint  to  be  attended  to. 
^  S2 


214 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


Oh  the  4th,  Captain  Cook  wanted  to  go  to  Ort^, 
the  King  ;  but  was  told  he  would  come  to  him ; 
which  be  accordingly  did,  fell  upon  his  neck,  and 
embraced  him.  This  was  by  no  means  ceremonious ; 
the  tears,  which  trickled  plendfuUy  down  his  vene» 
rable  old  cheeks,  sufficiently  bespoke  the  language 
of  his  heart.  His  friends  were  also  introduced  tq 
them,  to  whom  they  made  presents.  In  return  he 
gave  them  a  hog,  and  a  quantity  of  cloth,  promising 
that  all  their  wants  should  by  supphed  ;  and  it  will 
soon  appear  how  well  he  kept  his  word.  At  length 
they  took  leave,  and  returned  on  board  ;  and  somq 
time  after^  Mr.  Pickersgill  returned  also  with  .four- 
teen hogsp  Many  more  were  got  by  exchanges  on 
shore,  ^nd  along-side  the  ship  ;  besides  fowls,  and 
fruit  in  abundance. 

This  good  old  Chief  paid  them  a  visit  early  in  the 
morning  on  the  jfth,  together  with  some  of  bis 
friends,  bringing  a  hog  and  some  fruit-  He  earned 
his  kindness  so  far,  as  not  to  fail  to  send  every  day, 
for  Captain  Cook*s  table,  the  very  best  ready  dress- 
ed fruit  and  roots,  and  in  great  plenty.,  Lieutenant 
Pickersgill  being  again  sent  with  the  two  boats  in 
search  of  hogs,  returned  in  the  evening  with  twenty- 
eight  ;  and  about  four  times  that  numl>er  were  pur- 
chased on  shore,  and  along-side  the  ships. 

Next  day  the  people  crowded  in  from  every  part 
with  hogs,  fowls,  and  fruit,  so  that  they  present- 
ly filled  two  boats.  Oree  himself  presented  a  large 
hog  and  a  quantity  of  fruitf  Oree  and  Captain 
Cook  were  professed  friends  in  all  the  forms  custot 
mary  among  them ;  and  he  seemed  to  think  that 
this  could  not  be  broken  by  the  act  of  any  othe^ 
persons* 

On  the  7th,  early  in  the  morning,  while  the  ships 
were  unmooring.  Captain  Cook  went  to  [>ay  his 
farewell  visit  to  Oree,  accompained  by  Captain  Fur* 
neaux  and  M:*.  For^ter.  They  took  with  thenn,  for 
a  present,  such  things  as  were  not  only  valuable,  but 
useful.  He  also  left  with  him  the  inscription  plate 
he  had  before  in  keeping,  and  another  small  cop- 

per-plate»  on  which  wer«  ^gravod  tbe^e  wordl^ 


iT<j-^  ■*"»-:■'■ 


SECOND  VOYAGE. 


2& 


<*  Anchored  here,  his  Britannic  Majesty's  ships  Res6« 
luti  ,n  and  Adventure,  September  1773,"  together 
■with  some  medals,  all  put  up  in  a  bag  ;  of  which  the 
Ch'i  promised  to  take  care,  and  to  produce  to  the 
first  ship,  or  ships  that  should  arrive  at  tl>e  island. 
He  then  gave  a  hog;  and  after  trading  for  six  or 
eight  more,  and  loading  the  boat  with  fruit,  they 
took  leave,  when  the  good  old  Chief  embraced  the 
Captain  with  tears  in  his  eyes. 

When  they  returned  to  the  ships,  they  found  them 
crowded  round  with  canoes  full  of  hogs,  towls,  and 
fruit,  as  at  their  first  arrival.  Oree  caine  on  boaix], 
and  staid  till  they  were  a  full  half  league  out  at  sea  ; 
then  tx)k  a  most  affectionate  leave,  and  went  away 
ia  a  canoe,  conducted  by  one  man  and  hiiriself,  all 
the  others  having  gone  long  before. 

During  their  short  stay  at  the  small  bwt  fertile 
isle  of  Huaheine,  they  procured  to  both  ships  not 
less  than  three  hundred  hogs,  besides  fowls  and 
fruits ;  and  had  they  staid  longer,  might  have 
got  many  more  ;  for  none  of  these  articles  of  rc-r 
freshinent  were  seemingly  diminished,  but  appear- 
ed every  where  in  as  gi  eat  abundance  as  evef 

Before  they  quitted  this  island.  Captain  Furneaux 
agreed  to  receive  on  board  his  ship  a  young  tnan  nam- 
ed Omii,  a  native  of  Ulietea,  where  he  had  some 
property,  of  which  he  had  been  dispossessed  by  the 
people  of  Bolabola.  Captain  Cook  wondei'ed  that 
Captain  Furneaux  would  encumber  himself  with 
this  man,  who,  in  his  opinion,  was  not  aproper  sam- 
ple of  the  inhabitants  of  these  happy  islands,  not  hav- 
ing any  advantage  of  birth,  or  ac<juirpd  rank,  nor 
being  eminent  in  shape,  fi  rure,  or  complexion ;  for 
their  people  of  the  first  rank  are  much  fairer,  and 
usually  better  behaved,  and  more  intelligent,  than 
the  middling  class  of  people,  among  whom  Omal  is 
to  be  f anked.  The  Captain,  however,  since  his  ar- 
rival in  England,  has  been  convinced  of  his  error  ; 
for, excepting  his  complexion,  (which  is  undoubted- 
ly of  a  deeper  hue  than  that  of  the  Eareea  or  gentry, 
who,  as  in  other  countries,  live  a  more  luxurious  life, 

^^  a^e  te%  expos^  to  thie  hestit  c^the  sun)  he  doubts 


|16 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


•whether  any  other  of  the  natives  woiilcl  have  givei; 
him  more  general  satisfaction  by  his  benavioiir  among 
them.  •*  Omai  has  certainly  a  very  good  under- 
standing,  quick  parts,  and  honest  principles ;  he  i^ 
of  good  natural  behaviour,  which  rendered  him  ac- 
ceptable to  the  best  company,  and  a  proper  degree 
of  pride,  which  taught  him  to  avoid  the  society  of 
persons  of  inferior  rank.  He  has  passions  of  the 
same  kind  as  other  young  men,  but  has  judgment 
enough  not  to  indulge  them  in  an  improper  degree. 
I  do  not  imagine  that  he  has  any  dislike  to  liquor, 
and  if  he  had  fallen  into  company  where  the  person 
•who  drank  the  most,  met  with  the  most  approba- 
tion, I  have  no  doubt  but  that  he  would  have  en- 
deavoured to  gain  the  applause  of  those  with  whom 
lie  associated ;  but,  fortunately  for  him,  he  perceiv- 
ed that  drinking  was  very  little  in  use  but  among 
inferior  people,  and  as  he  was  very  watchful  into 
the  manners  and  conduct  of  the  persons  of  rank 
%vho  honoured  him  with  their  protection,  he  was  so- 
bet  and  mo<lest,  and  1  never  heard  that,  during  tiie 
•whole  time  of  his  stay  in  England,  which  was  two 
years,  he  ever  once  was  disguised  with  wine,  or 
ever  shewed  any  inchnation  to  go  beyond  the  strict- 
est rules  of  moderation 

Soon  after  his  arrival  in  London,  the  Earl  of  Sand- 
•wich,  the  first  Lord  of  the  Admiralty,  introduced 
him  to  his  Majesty  at  Kew,  when  he  met  with  a 
most  gracious  reception,  and  imbibed  the  strongest 
impression  of  gratitude  to  that  great  and  amiable 
Prince,  which  I  am  persuaded  he  will  preserve  to 
the  latest  moment  of  his  life.      During   his  stay 

•  among  us  he  was  caressed  by  many  of  the  princi- 
pal nobility, and  did  nothing  to  forfeit  the  esteem  of 
any  one  of  them ;  but  his  principal  patrons  were 
the  Earl  of  Sandwich,  Mr,  Banks,  and  Dr.  Solan- 
der  ;  the  former  probably  thought  it  a  duty  of  his 

*  office  to  protect  and  countenance  an  inhabitant  ot 
that  hospitable  country,  where  wants  and  dis* 
tresses  of  those  in  his  department  had  been  allevi- 
ated and  supplied  in  the  most  ample  manner;  the 
•pthersj  s^s  a  testimony  of  their  gratitude  for  tl;p 


SECOND  VOYAGE. 


2ir 


generous  reception  they  had  tnet  widi  diiriiig  theit 
residence  in  his  country.  It  it  to  be  observed,  that 
though  Gmai  lived  in  the  midst  of  amusements  dur- 
ing his  residence  in  Enijland,  his  return  to  his  na*- 
tive  country  was  always  in  his  thoughts,  and  though 
he  was  not  impatient  to  go,  he  expressed  a  satis*^ 
faction  as  the  time  of  his  return  approached.  He 
embarked  with  me  in  the  Resolution,  when  slic  was 
fitted  out  for  another  voyage,  loaded  with  presents 
from  his  several  friends,  and  full  of  gratitude  for 
the  kind  reception  and  treatment  he  had  experien- 
ced among  us." 

The  Chitsf  was  no  sooner  gone,  than  they  made 
sail  for  UHetea  (where  they  intended  to  stop  a  few 
days.)  The  next  morning,  September  8tn,  after 
making  a  few  trips,  they  gained  the  harbour,  and 
in  the  afternoon  came  to  anchor ;  the  natives  crowd-^ 
ed  round  them  in  their  canoes,  with  hogs  and  finilt. 
The  latter  they  exchanged  for  nails  and  beads; 
the  former  they  refused  as  yet,  having  already  a$ 
many  on  board  as  they  could  manage*  Several 
they  were,  however,  obliged  to  take ;  as  many  of 
the  principal  people  brought  off  little  pigs,  pepper, 
or  eavoa-root,  and  the  young  plantain-trees,  and 
handed  them  into  the  ship.  lu  this  manner  did 
these  good  people  welcome  them  to  their  country* 

Next  morning  they  paid  a  formal  visit  to  Oreo^ 
the  chief  of  this  part  of  tiie  isle,  carrying  with  them 
tl>e  necessary  presents.  H45  was  seated  in  his  own 
house,  which  stood  near  the  water- side,  whrre  he 
and  his  fi  lends  received  them  with  great  cordiality. 
He  expressed  nuich  satisfaction  ,at  seeing  Captain 
Cook  Hgain,  aikd  desired  that  they  might  exchange 
Barnes,  which  he  accordingly  agreed  to.  This  is 
the  strong 'St  mark  of  friendship  they  can  shew  to 
a  stranger-  He  inquired  after  Tupia,  and  all  the 
gentlemen  bv  name,  who  were  with  him  when  he 
first  visited  tie  island.  A^e**  they  had  made  the 
Chief  and  his  friends  the  necessary  presents,  they 
went  on  board  with  a  hog,  and  some  fruit,  received 
from  him  in  return ;  ^nd  in  the  afternoon  he  ^ay^ 


iai8 


CAPTAIN  COOK^S 


them  another  hog,  still  larger,  without  asking  for 
the  least  acknowledgment. 

•  After  breakfast,  on  the  10th,' Captain  Furneaux 
and  Captain  Cook  paid  the  Chief  a  visit ;  and  they 
were  entertained  by  him  with  such  a  comedy,  or 
dramatic  heava^  as  is  generally  acted  in  these  isles. 
The  music  consisted  of  three  drums ;  the  actors 
were  seven  men,  and  one  woman,  the  Chief's 
daughter.  The  only  entertaining  part  of  the  drama, 
was  a  theft  committed  by  a  man  and  his  accomplice, 
in  such  a  masterly  manner,  as  sufficiently  displayed 
the  genius  of  the  people  in  this  vice.  The  theft  is 
discovered  before  the  thief  has  time  to  carry  off  his 
prize ;  then  a  bcuffle  ensues  with  those  set  to  guard 
it,  who  though  four  to  two,  are  beat  off  the  stage,  and 
the  thief  and  his  accomplice  bear  away  their  plun- 
der in  triuinph.  Captain  Cook  says,"  I  was  very 
attentive  to  the  whole  of  this  part,  being  in  full  ex- 
pectation that  it  would  have  ended  very  differently. 
For  I  had  before  been  informed  that  Teto  (that  is, 
the  Thief>  was  to  be  acted,  and  had  understood 
that  the  theft  was  to  be  punished  with  death,  or  a 
good  ti/iarrahying  (or  beating)  a  punishment,  we 
are  told,  they  inflict  on  such  as  are  guilty  of  this 
crime.  Be  this  as  it  may,  strangers  are  certainly 
excluded  from  the  protection  of  this  law  ;  then  they 
yob,  with  impunity,  on  every  occasion  that  offers." 

After  dinner,  on  the  11th,  Captain  Cook  had  a 
visit  from  Oo-oorou,  the  principal  chief  of  the  isle 
He  was  introduced  by  Oreo,  and  had  brought  with 
him,  as  a  present,  a  large  hog",  for  which  he  had  a 
Jiandsomfe  return.  Oreo  employed  himself  in  buying 
hogs,  and  he  made  good  bargains. 

On  the  16th,  Captain  Cook  was  told  that  hisOta- 
heitean  young  man  Poreo,  had  taken  a  resolution  to 
leave  him,  and  was  uctually.  gone  ;  having  met  with 
a  young  woman,  for  whom  he  had  contracted  a 
friendship,  he  went  away  with  her,  and  he  saw  him 
no  more. 

Having  new  got  on  board  a  large  supply  of  re- 
freshments, the  Captain  determined  to  put  to  sea 
the  next  morning,  and  made  the  same  known  to  the 


SECOND  VOYAGE. 


21^ 


Chief,  who  promised  to  see  him  a^in  before  he  de- 
parted. At  four  o'clock  they  began  to  unmoor,  and 
as  soon  as  it  was  light,  Oreo,  his  son,  and  some  of  his 
friends,  came  on  board.  Many  canoes  also  came 
oft*  with  fruit  and  hogs  ;  the  latter  they  even  begged 
of  them  to  take  from  them,  calling  out  Tiyo  boa  atoi^ 
I  am  your  friend,  take  my  hog,  and  give  me  an  axe. 
But  the  decks  were  already  so  full  of  them,  that 
they  could  hardly  move  ;  having  on  board  both 
ships,  between  three  and  four  hundred.  By  the  in- 
crease of  their  stock,  together  with  what  they  had 
salted  and  consumed,  it  appeared  that  they  got  at 
this  island  400,  or  upwards.  Many,  indeed,  were 
only  roasters ;  others  again  weighed  one  hundred 
poundsi  or  upwards ;  but  the  general  run  was  from 
forty  to  sixty.  It  is  not  easy  to  say  how  many  they 
might  have  got,  could  they  have  found  room  for  all 
that  were  offered  them. 

The  chief  and  his  friends  did  not  leave  them  till 
tliey  were  under  sail ;  and  before  he  went  away, 
pressed  them  much  to  know  if  they  would  notreturn,- 
and  when  ?— questions  which  were  daily  put  by  many 
of  these  islanders-  The  Otaheitean  youth's  leaving 
Captain  Cook  proved  of  no  consequence,  as  many 
young  men  of,  this  island  voluntarily  offered  to  come 
away  with  them  :  he  thought  proper  to  take  on  board 
one,  who  was  about  seventeen  or  eighteen  years  of 
age,  named  Oedidee,  a  native  of  Bolabola,  and  a 
near  relation  of  the  great  Opoony,  chief  of  that  island. 

Soon  after  their  arrival  at  Otaheite,  they  were  in- 
formed that  a  ship,  about  the  size  of  the  Resolution, 
had  been  in  at  Owhaiurua  harbour,  near  the  S.  E^ 
end  of  the  island,  where  she  remained  about  three 
weeks;  and  had  been  gone  about  three  months. 
They  were  told  also  that  fqur  of  the  natives  were 
goi>e  away  in  her,  whose  names  were  Debede- 
bea—Paoodou— Tanadooee— and  Opahiah.-^At  this 
tirte,  they  conjectured  this  was  a  French  ship,  but 
on  their  arrival  at  the  Cape  of  Good  Hope,  they 
learned  that  she  was  a  Spaniard*  which  had  been 
sent  out  from  America.  The  Otaheiteans  com- 
plahied  of  a  disease  communicated  to  them  by  th^ 


\. 


sso 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


people  in  this  ship,  ivhich  they  said  affected  ttie 
head,  throat,  and  stomach,  andat  length  killed  them. 
They  seemed  to  dread  it  much,  and  were  continu* 
all^  inauiring  if  they  had  it    This  ship  they  distin* 

fuish^fl  by  the  name  of  Fahai  no  Fefi-fie^  (ship  of 
*eppe)  and  called  the  disease  Apa  no  Pefifie^  just 
^B  they  call  the  venereal  disease  A/ia  no  Fretane^ 
(Englisli  disease,)  though  they,  to  a  inan^  say  it  va» 
brought  to  the  isle  by  M.  de  Bougainville;  btit  they 
thought  M-^  de  Bougainville  eame  from  Pretane^ 
as  well  as  every  other  ship  which  ha&  touched  at 
the  isle. 

The  island  of  Otaheite,  whiclt  in  the  year  1767 
i|nd  1768,  swarmed,  as  it  were,  with  hogs  and  fowls» 
"was  now  so  ill  supplied  with  these  animals,  that 
Kardly  any  thing  eould  induce  the  owners  to  part 
ivith  them.  ^ 

The  people  here  seem  to  be  as  happy  as  any  un- 
4eT  heaven ;  and  well  they  may,  for  they  possess  not 
<{nly  the  necessaries,  but  many  of  the  luxuries  o|[ 
li£e,  in  the  greatest  profusion. 

As  Captain:  Cook  had  some  reason  to  believe,  that 
amongst  their  religious  customs,,  human  sacriiiGes 
^ere  sometimes  considered  necessary,  he  went  one 
4l^  toa  Jl^&miin  Miatavia,  in  company  with  Cap« 
^m  Fumeaux ;  having  with  them,  as  they  had 
iipon  all  other  occasions,  one  of  their  own  men  whcr 
s^poke  their  language  tolerably  well>,  and  several  of 
the  natives,  one  of  whonv  appeared  to  bean  intel- 
ligenty  sensible  mskn.  In  the  Murai  was  a  Tujfia/ioWt 
Hfn  v^hich  lay  a  dead  corpse  and  some  viands.  He 
liiE^an  with  asking  questions  i^lating  to  the  seve- 
^Tobjects  betbi^im ;  if  the  plantains,  &k:.  were  for 
^H  M^tua  ?  If  they  sacrificed  to  the  Eatua^  hogs„ 
ii^Pgs,  fowls,  &c> }  To  all  of  which  he  answered  in 
imakffirmative. 

!nie  man  of  Si^om 'he  made  these  inquiries,  as 
>'WiliU  as  some  others,  took  some  pains  to  explain  this 
^QiM^MiD  to^them  ;  but  they  were  not  masters  enough 
<tf  llieirli^^ui^^  to  understand  them.  He  has 
iinceIeAmtfoMei»C^Mi^s^tthey  ofibr  human  sarrifi^ 
Qto  toth#Sapi^^Ml|i^  AoQoydiDg to Iw agw»t|. 


SECOND  VoVAGE.  221 

what  tiien  shall  be  so  sacrificed,  depends  on  the  ca- 
price of  the  high  priest,  who,  when  they  are  asseiti- 
bled  on  any  solemn  occasion,  retires  alone  into  the 
house  of  God,  and  stays  there  some  time.  When 
he  comes  out,  he  informs  them  that  he  has  seen  and 
conversed  with  their  gieat  God  (the  high  priest 
alone  having  that  privilege,)  and  that  he  has  asked 
for  a  human  sacrifice,  and  tells  them  that  he  has 
desired  such  a  person,  naming  a  man  present,  whom 
most  probably  the  priest  has  an  antipathy  against. 
I  He  is  immediately  killc:d,  and  so  falls  a  victim  to  the 
priest's  resentment,  who,  no  doubt  (if  necessary) 
I  has  address  enough  to  persuade  the  people  that  he 
was  a  bad  man. 

Great  injustice  has  been  done  to  the  women  of  Ota* 
|heite,  and  the  Society  Isles,  by  those  who  have  re- 
I  presented  them,  whithout  exception,  as   ready  to 
I  grant  the  last  favour  to  any  man  who  will  come  up 
to  their  price.   But  this  is  by  no  means  the  case ;  thci 
favours  of  married  women,  and  also  the  Unmarried 
of  the  better  sort,  are  as  difficult  to  be  obtained 
here  as  in  any  other  country  whatever.    Neither 
can  the  Charge  be  understood   indiscriminately  of 
the  unmarried  of  the  lower  class,  for  many  of  thes^ 
admit  of  no  such  faniliarities.    That  there  are  pros- 
titutes here  as  well  as  in  other  countries,  is  very 
true,  perhaps  more  in  proportion,  and  such  werfe 
those  who  came  on  board  the  ships,  and  frequent- 
ed the  post  the  people  had  on  shore.    By   seeing 
these  mix  indiscriminately  with  those  of  a  different 
turn,  even  of  the  first  rank,  one  is,  at  first,  inclined 
to  think  that  they  are  all  disposed  the  same  way* 
l^nd  that  the  only  difference  is  in  the  price.    But 
uhe  truth  is,  the  woman  who  becomes  a  prostitute, 
does  not  seem,  in  their  opinion,  to  have  committed 
a  crime  of  so  deep  a  dve  as  to  exclude  her  from  the  . 
esteem  and  society  of  the  community  in  general. 
[On  the  whole,  a  stranger  who  visits  England  mighty 
mth  equal  justic,  draw  the  charactere  of  the  wof 
men  there,  ii  >m  those  which  he  might  meet  with 
on  board  the  ships  in  one  of  the  naval  potts,  or  in 
the  purlieus  of  Covent-Garden  and  Drury-Lau^', 

VOL.  I.         -  X 


.0- 

■<>■     - 

r 
'i 
s 

.1 

J*' 


222 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


It  must,  however,  be  allowed  that  Ihey  are  coin.| 
pletely  versed  in  the  art  of  coquetry,  and  that  veryi 
Few  of  them  fix  any  bounds  to  their  conversation 
It  is,  therefore,  no  wonder  that  they  have  obtained 
the  character  of  libertines. 


BOOK  IL 


Departure  from  the  Society  Isles^  to  their  Return  to,  am 
leaving  than  the  Second  Time. 

AFTER  leaving  Ulietefa  on  the  irth  of  SeptemberJ 
1773,  they  steered  io  the  West,  and  at  two] 
o'clock,  p.  M.  on  the  1st  of  October,  they  saw  the] 
Island  of  Middltbur.e;,  bearing  W.  S.  W.    As  they 
approached  the  shore,  two  canoes,  each  conductedl 
by  two  or  three  men,  came  boldly  along-side,  and] 
some  of  them  entered  the  ship  without  hesitation.! 
This  mark  of  confiJence  gave  Captain  Cook  a  good! 
opinion  of  these  islanders,  and  determined  him  tol 
visit  them  if  possible.    They  found  good  anchorage, 
and  came-to  in  twenty -five  fathoms  water     They] 
had  scarcely  got  to  an  anchor,  before  they  were  sur- 
rounded by  a  great  number  of  canoes  full  of  people,] 
•who  had  brought  with  them  cloth,  and  other  curiosi- 
ties,^  which  they  exchanged  for  nails,  &c.     Aniongj 
them^was  one,  whom,  by  the  authority  he  seemedl 
to  have  over  the  t)thers,  was  found  to  be  a  Chief,] 
and  accordingly  the  Captain  made  him  a  present  of 
a  hatchet,  spike-nails,  md  several  other  articHI 
■with  which  he  was  highly  pleased.   Thus  he  obtainj 
ed  the  friendship  of  this  Chief,  whose  name  wasj 
Tiooi^y. 

Soon  after,  a  party  of  them  embarked  in  two 
boats,  in  company  with  Tioony,  who  conducted] 
them  to  a  little  creek  formed  by  the  rocks,  rightl 
abreast  of  the  ships,  where  landing  was  extremel/j 
leasy,  and  the  boats  secure  against  the  surf.  Hercj 
tftey  fcmnd  ^p  imm^i^e  yrowd  of  people,  who  wet 


SECOND  VOYAGE. 


223 


corned  them  on  shore  with  loud  acclamations.  Not 
lone  of  them  had  so  much  as  a  stick,  or  any  other 
weapon  in  his  hand ;  an  indubitable  sign  of  tin  ir  pa- 
cific intentions.  They  thronged  so  thick  round  the 
boats  with  cloth,  matting,  &c.  to  excliange  for  nails, 
that  it  was  some  time  before  they  could  get  room  to 
land.  They  seemed  to  be  more  desirous  to  give 
than  receive ;  for  many  who  could  not  get  near  the 
boats,  threw  into  them,  ovtr  the  others'  heads, 
whole  bales  of  cloth,  and  then  retired,  without 
either  asking  or  waiting  to  g(it  any  thing  in  return- 
The  Chief  conducted  us  to  his  house,  about  three 
hundred  yards  from  the  sea,  at  the  head  of  a  fine 
I  lawn,  and  under  the  shade  of  some  shaddock  trees. 
iThe  situation  was  most  delightful.  In  front  was  the 
sea,  and  the  ships  at  anchor  ;  behind,  and  on  each 
side,  were  plantations,  in  which  were  some  of  the 
richest  productions  of  nature.  The  floor  was  laid 
with  mats,  on  which  they  were  placed,  and  the  peo- 
ple seated  themselves  in  a  circle  rourd  them  on  the 
outside.  Having  the  bagpipes  with  them.  Captain 
Cook  ordered  them  to  be  played ;  and,  in  return,? 
the  Chief  directed  three  young  ^vomen  to  sing  a 
I  song,  which  they  did  with  a  very  good  grace  ;  and 
having  made  each  of  them  a  jiiresent,  this  immedi- 
lately  set  all  the  women  in  the  circle  a  singing. 
I  Their  songs  were  musical  and  harmonious.  After 
I  sitting  here  some  time,  they  were  conducted  into  one 
I  of  the  adjoining"  plantations,  whei'e  the  Chief  had 
another  house,  into  which  they  were  introduced. 
I  Bananas  and  cocoa-nuts  were  set  before  them  to 
cat,  and  a  bowl  of  liquor  prepared  in  their  presence 
of  the  juice  of  JEava  for  them  to  drink.  But  Cap- 
Itaip  Cook  was  the  only  one  who  tasted  it ;  the  man-  , 
uer  of  brewing  it  having  quenched  the  thirst  of 
every  one  else.  The  bowl  was,  however,  soon  emp- 
tied of  its  contents,  of  which  both  men  aiid  women' 
partook. 

Before  they  had  well  viewed  the  plantation  it  was 
PDon,  and  they  returned  on  board  to  dinner,  with 
the  Chief  in  their  company.  He  sat  at  table,  but 
eat  nothing ;  which,  as  they  had  fresh  pork  roasted^ 

/     .         •  ,      ^^^^.^-'^^^,    •     -  -       .  .,     .-  - 


224 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


•was  a  little  extraordinary.  Near  some  of  the  houses, 
and  in  the  lanes  that  divided  the  plantations, 
•were  running  about  some  hogs  and  very  large  fowls, 
ivhich  were  the  only  domestic  animals  they  saw ; 
and  these  they  did  not  seem  willing  to  part  with, 
which  determh)ed  them  to  leave  this  place. 

The  evening  brought  every  one  on  board,  highly 
delighted  with  the  country,  and  the  very  obliging 
behaviour  of  the  inhabitants,  who  seemed  to  vie 
with  each  other  in  doing  what  they  thought  would 
give  pleasure.  After  making  the  Chief  a  present, 
consisting  of  various  articles,  and  an  assortment  of 
garden  seeds.  Captain  Cook  gave  him  to  understand 
that  they  were  going  away,  at  which  he  seemed  not 
at  all  moved.  While  he  was  in  the  ship,  or  in  h 
boat,  he  continued  to  exchange  iish-hooks  for  noils, 
and  engrossed  the  trade  in  a  manner  wholly  to  hini< 
self;  but  when  on  shote,  he  did  not  offer  to  make 
the  least  exchange. 

As  soon  as  tne  Captain  was  on  board,  they  made 
sail  down  to  Amsterdam.  Three  men  belonging  to 
Middleburg,  who,  by  some  means  or  other,  had 
been  left  on  board  the  Adventure,  now  quitted  her, 
and  swam  to  the  shore  ;  not  knowing  that  they  in- 
tended to  stop  at  this  isle,  and  having  no  Inclination! 
as  may  be  supposed,  to  go  away  v/ith  them. 

As  soon  as  they  opened  the  west  side  of  the  isle, 
they  were  met  by  several  canoes,  each  conducted 
by  three  or  four  fr>en.  They  came  boldly  along-side, 
presented  them  with  some  £ava  root,  and  then 
came  on  board,  without  farther  ceremony,  inviting 
them,  by  all  the  friendly  signs  they  could  make,  to 
go  to  their  island,  and  pointing  to  the  place  where 
they  should  anchor;  at  least  they  so  understood 
them.  After  a  few  boards  they  anchored  in  Van 
Piemen's  Road,  little  more  thun  a  cable's  length 
from  the  breakers  which  line  the  coast. 

After  breakfast  Captain  Cook  landed,  accompa- 
nied by  Captain  Furneaux,  Mr.  Forster,  and  several 
]<^'  the  officers ;  having  along  with  them  a  Chief,  or 
person  of  some  note,  whose  name  was  Attago,  who 
md  attached  lumself  to  the  Captain  from  the  first 


SECOND  VOYAGE. 


2§5 


rfioment  of  his  coming  on  board,  which  was  beforq 
they  anchored. 

As  soon  as  they  were  landed,  all  the  gentlenoen 
set  out  into  the  country,  acconnpaniedby  some  of  the 
natives.  But  the  most  of  then)  remained  with  Cap- 
tain Furneaux  and  Captain  Cook,  who  amused 
themselves  some  lime  in  distributing  presents 
amongst  the  natives* 

After  walking  a  little  way  into  the  country,  they 
returned  to  the  landing-place,  and  there  found  Mr. 
Wales  in  a  laughable,  though  distressin.^  situiition. 
The  boats  which  brought  them  on  shore  not  being 
able  to  get  near  the  landing-place,  for  want  of  a 
sufficient  depth  of  water,  he  pulled  off  his  shoes  and 
stockings  to  walk  through,  and  as  soon  as  he  got  on 
dry  land,  he  put  them  down  betwixt  his  legs  to  put 
on  again,  but  they  were  instantly  snatched  away  by 
a  person  behind  him,  who  imnnediately  mixed  with 
the  crowd.     It  was  impossible  lor  liim  to  follow  the 
man  bare-footed  over  the  sharp  coral  rocks,  ^.vhich 
compose  the  shore,  without  having  his  feet  cut  to 
pieces.    The  boat  was  put  bacwto  the  ship,  his 
companions  had  each  made  his  way  through  the 
crowd,  and  he  left  in  this  Condition  alone.     The 
Chief  soon  found  out  the  thief,  and  recovered  his 
shoes  and  stockings.    The  old  Chi^f  probably  think- 
ing they  migiit  want  water  on  board,  he  conducted 
tlvein  to  a  plantatic.i  hard  by,  and  shewed  them  a. 
pool  of  fresh  waier,  thougii  they  had  not  made  the 
least  inquiry  after  any. 

From  hence  they  were  conducted  down  to  thq 
shore  of  Maria  Bay,  or  N.  E.  side  of  the  isle  5 
where,  in  a  boat-hv)use,  was  shewn  a  fine  large  dou- 
ble canoe  not  yet  launched-  The  Chief  did  not  fail 
to  make  them  sensible  it  belonged  to  himself. 

Mr.  Forster  and  his  party  spent  the  day  in  th^ 
country  botanising,  and  several  of  the  ofl&cers  were 
out  shooting.  All  of  them  were  very  civilly  trer^ted 
by  the  natives.  A  boat  from  each  ship  was  employ- 
ed trading  on  shore,  and  bringing  off  their  cargoes 
as  soon  as  they  were  laden,  which  was  generally  in 
a  short;  time*   By  tlus  method  they  got  cheaper,  ^ 


226 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


•with  less  trouble,  a  good  quantity  of  fruit,  as  well  ai 
other  refreshments,  from  people  who  had  no  canoes 
to  carry  them  off  to  the  ships. 

Pretty  early  in  the  morning,  the  6th  of  October, 
the  pinnace  was  sent  ashore  to  trade  as  usual ;  but 
soon  returned.  Tl^e  officer  informed  the  Captain 
that  the  natives  were  for  taking  every  thing  out  of 
the  boat,  and,  in  other  respects,  were  very  trouble- 
some. The  day  before,  they  stole  the  grapling  at 
the  time  the  boat  was  riding  by  it,  and  carried  it  off 
undiscovered.  It  was  ?iow  judged  necessary  to  have 
a  guard  on  shore,  to  protect  the  boats  and  people 
■whose  business  required  their  being  there  ;  accord- 
ingly, they  sent  a  few  of  the  marines,  under  the 
command  of  Lieutenant  Edgcumbe. 

The  different  trading  parties  were  so  successfulas 
to  procure  for  both  ships  a  tolerable  good  supply  of 
refreshments.  In  consequence  of  which.  Captain 
Cook,  the  next  morning,  gave  every  one  leave  to 
purchase  what  curiosities  they  pleased.  After  this, 
jt  was  astonishing  to  see  with  what  eageniess  every 
one  caught  at  every  thing  he  saw.  It  even  went  so 
far  as  to  become  the  ridicule  of  the  natives,  who  of- 
fered pieces  of  sticks  and  stones  to  exchange-  One 
T/aggish  boy  took  a  piece  of  human  excrement  on 
the  end  of  a  stick,  and  held  it  out  to  every  one  he 
^  met  with.  ,.^,., 

,  A  man  got  into  the  inaster's  cabin  through  the 
outside  scuttle,  and  took  out  some  books  and  other 
things.  He  was  discovered  just  as  he  was  gettin;^ 
out  into  his  canoe,  and  pursued  by  one  of  the  boats, 
•which  obliged  him  to  ouit  the  canoe  and  take  to 
the  water.  The  people  in  the  boat  made  severtil 
Itttempts  lo  lay  hold  on  him  ;  but  he,  as  often,  dived 
finder  the  beat,  and  at  last  unshipped  the  rudder, 
•which  rendered  her  ungoveniable  ;  by  this  means 
^  he  got  :;le^r  o^  Some  other  very  dari  ?;  thefts 
■were  committed  at  the  landing-place.  One  fellow 
took  a  seaman's  jacket  out  c*  the  boat,  and  carried 
|t  oiT,  in  spite  of  all  tfiat  the  people  in  her  could  do. 
Till  he  was  pursued  and  lired  at  by  them,  he 
y^ot^Li  not  p^rt  witb  it ;  noit  wo^ld  be  bav^  ^on? 


SECOND  VOYAGE. 


22r 


it  then,  had  not   his  landing  been  intercepted  by 
some  of  the  crew  who  were  on  shore.    The    rest 
of  the  natives,  who  were  very  numerous,  took  very 
little  notice  of  the  whole  transaction  ;  nor  werQ . 
they  the  least  alarmed  when  the  man  was  fired  at. 

Attago  visited  Captain  Cook  agjain  the  next  morn- 
ing, the  7th,  and  brought  with  him  a  hog,  and  assist-  ^ 
ed  him  in  purchasing  several  more-  This  day  the 
Captain  was  told  by  the  officers  who  were  on  shore, 
that  a  far  greater  man  than  any  they  had  yet  seen 
was  come  to  pay  then  a  visit.  Mr.  Pickersgill  inform- 
ed th^m  that  he  had  seen  him  in  the  country,  and 
found  that  he  was  a  man  of  some  consequence,  by 
the  extraordinary  respect  paid  to  him  by  the  peo^ 
pie.  Some,  when  they  approached  him,  fell  on  their 
f-ices,  and  put  their  head  between  their  feet ;  and  no 
one  durst  pass  him  without  permission.  Mr.  Pick- 
ersgill, and  another  of  the  gentlemen,  took  hold  of 
his  arms,  and  conducted  him  down  to  the  landing 
place,  where  the  Captain  found  him  seated  .with  soi 
much  sullen  and  stupid  gravity,  that  notwithstand- 
ing what  had  been  told  him,  he  really  took  ^im  for 
an  ideot,  whom  the  ])eople,  from  some  superstitious 
notions,  were  ready  to  worship.  He  saluted  and 
spoke  to  him;  but  he  neither  answered,  nor  took 
the  least  ruticp  of  him  or  any  one  ;  nor  did  he  alter 
a  single  feature  in  his  countenance.  This  confirmed 
him  in  his  opinion,  and  he  was  just  going  to  leave  him, 
when  one  of  the  natives  undertook  to  undeceive  him ; 
which  he  did  in  such  a  manner  as  left  no  room  to 
doubt  that  he  was  the  king,  or  principd  man  on  thq  , 
island.  Accordingly  he  made  him  a  present,  which 
consisted  of  a  shirt,  an  axe,  a  piece  of  red  cloth,  a 
looking-glass,  some  nails,  medals,  and  beads.  He 
received  these  things,  or  rather  suffered  them  to  be 
put  upon  him,  and  laid  by  him,  wunout  losing  u  bit 
of  his  gravity,  speaking  one  word,  or  turning  his 
head  either  to  the  right  or  left ;  f  itting  the  wh-  le 
time  like  a  statue  ;  in  which  situatioii  he  left  him,  to 
return  on  board,  and  he  soon  after  retired.  The 
Captain  had  not  been  long  on  board  before  word 
^a^  brought  that  a  quantity  of  provision  had  come 


£28 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


fi*om  this  Chief.  A  boat  was  sent  to  bring  it  fFom 
the  shore  ;  and  it  consisted  of  about  twenty  baskets 
of  roasted  bananas,  sour  bread  and  yams,  and  a 
roasteu  pi;^  of  about  twenty  pounds  weiijht.  Mr. 
Ed^cumbe  and  his  party  were  just  re-embarking 
>vhen  thes  -  were  brought  to  the  water-side,  and  the 
bearers  said  it  was  a  present  from  the  Areeke^  that 
is,  the  knig  of  the  island,  to  the  Areeke  olthe  ship. 
After  this  they  were  no  longer  to  doubt  the  dig- 
nity of  this  sullen  Chief,  whose  name  was  Kohaghee- 
too-Fallangou. 

The  Captain  went  on  shore  and  made  this  great 
man  a  suitable  return,  and  immediately  prepared 
for  quitting  the  place.  In  heaving  in  the  coasting 
cable,  it  parted  in  the  middle  of  its  length,  being 
chafed  by  the  rocks.  By  this  accident  they  ?t>st  he 
other  halt,  together  wiih  the  anchor,  which  ',  u 
forty  fathoms  water,  without  any  buoy  to  it.  The 
best  bower  cable  suffered  also  by  the  rocks;  by 
vhich  a  judgment  may  be  formed  of  this  anchorage. 
At  ten  o'clock  they  got  liirder  sail-  I'he  supplies 
they  got  at  this  isle  we^e  about  one  hundred  andfif- 
^y  pig^t  twice  that  number  of  fowls,  and  as  many 
bananas  and  cocoa-nuts  as  they  could  find  room 
for,  with  a  few  yams  ;  and  had  their  stay  been 
longer,  they,  no  doubt,  might  have  got  a  great  deal 
more. 

These  Islands  were  first  discovered  by  Captain 
Tasman  in  January,  1642-3  ;  and,  by  him,  called 
Amsterdam  and  Middleburg.  But  the  former  is 
called  by  thv?  natives  Ton-ga-ta-bu,  the  latter  Ea- 
oo-wee. 

The  produce  and  cultivation  of  Middleburg  and 
Amsterdam  are  the  same  with  this  difference,  that 
a  part  only  of  the  former,  whereas  the  whole  of  the 
latter,  is  cultivated.  The  lanes  or  roads  necessar/ 
for  travelling,  are  laid  out  in  so  judicious  a  mannei 
as  to  open  a  free  and  easy  communication  from  one 
part  ot  the  island  to  the  other.  Here  are  no  towns 
or  villages  ;  most  of  the  houses  are  built  m  the  plan- 
tations, with  no  other  order  than  what  convenience 

Tetiuires ;  tij^ey  arc  neatly  cgDStructcdi  but  do  not 


SECOND  ^^OYAGE. 


529 


ptain    I 
ailed    ^ 


i''';^ 


exceed  those  in  the  other  isles.  The  naterials  pf 
which  they  are  built,  are  the  same ;  and  some  little 
variation  in  the  disposition  of  the  framing,  is  all  the 
difference  in  their  construction.  The  f  oor  is  a  little 
raised,  and  covered  with  thick  strong  mats ;  the 
same  sort  of  matting  serves  to  inclose  them  on  the 
windward  side,  the  other  being  open.  They  have 
little  areas  before  the  most  of  them,  which  are  gc* 
nerally  planted  round  with  trees,  or  shrubs  of  orna» 
roent,  whose  fragrancy  perfumes  the  very  air  in 
which  they  breathe.  Their  household  furniture  con- 
sists of  a  few  wooden  platters»  cocoa-nut  shells,  an4 
some  wooden  pillows  shaped  like  four-footed  stools 
orformt.  Their  common  clothing,  with  the  addition 
of  a  mat,  serves  them  for  bedding. 

They  saw  no  other  domestic  animals  amongst 
them  but  hogs  and  fowls,  llie  former  are  of  the 
same  sort  as  at  the  other  isles  in  this  sea ;  but  the 
latter  are  far  superior,  being  as  large  as  any  we  have 
in  Europe,  and  their  flesh  equally  good,  if  not  bet<* 
ter.  They  saw  no  rats  in  these  isles,  nor  any  other  i 
wild  quadrupeds,  except  small  liaards.  The  land 
birds  are  pigeons,  t»irtle-doves.  parrots,  paroquets, 
owls,  bald  couts  with  a  blue  plumage,  a  variety  of 
§mall  birds,  and  large  bats  in  abundance  The  pro- 
duce of  the  sea  they  knew  but  little  of  •  it  is  rea-i- 
sonable  to  suppose  that  the  same  sorts  of  fish  are 
itound  here  as  at  the  other  isles.    Their  fishing  in- 

mments  are  the  same  ;  that  is,  hooks  made  of  mo^ 
('  er  of  pearl,  gigs  with  two,  three,  or  more  prongs, 
and  nets  made  of  a  very  fine  thread,  with  the  meshes 
wro""'ht  exactly  like  those  of  Europe.  But  noth- 
ing can  be  a  moixx  demonstrative  evidence  of  their 
ingenuity  than  the  construction  and  make  of  their 
canoes,  which  in  point  of  neatness  and  workmanship, 
exceed  every  thing  of  the  kind  they  saw  in  this  sea. 
They  are  bwilt  of  several  pieces  sewed  together  with 
bandage,  in  so  neat  a  manner,  that  on  the  outside  it 
is  difficult  to  see  the  joints.  AH  the  fastenings  are 
on  the  inside,  and  pass  through  kants  or  ridges, 
which  are  wrought  on  the  edges  and  ends  of  the  se- 
veral boards  which  compose  the  vessel,  for  that  pur- 


230 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


pose.  At  each  end  is  a  kind  of  deck  one  third  pan 
of  the  whole  length,  and  open  in  the  middle.  In 
some  the  middle  of  the  deck  is  decorated  with  a  row 
of  white  shells,  stuck  on  little  pegs  wrought  out  of  the 
same  piece  which  composes  it.  These  single  canoes 
have  all  out-riggers,  and  are  sometimes  navigated 
"with  sails,  but  more  generally  with  paddles,  the 
blades  of  which  are  short,  and  broadest  in  the  mid- 
dle. The  two  vessels  which  compose  the  double  ca- 
noe are  each  about  sixty  or  seventy  feet  long,  and 
four  or  five  broad  in  the  middle  ;  and  each  end  ter- 
minates nearly  in  ^  point ;  so  that  the  body  or  hull 
differs  a  little  m  construction  from  the  single  canoe ; 
but  is  ptU  together  exactly  in  the  same  manner ; 
these  ha*  ,  rising  in  the  middle  round  the  open 
part,  in  the  m  of  a  long  trough,  which  is  made  of 
boards  closely  fitted  together,  and  well  secured  to. 
the  body  of  the  vessel.  1  wo  such  vessels  are  fasten- 
ed together  parallel  to  each  otlier,  about  six  feet 
asunder,  by  strong  cross  beams,  secured  by  banda- 
ges to  support  the  upper  part  of  the  rismgs  above 
mentioned'  Over  these  beams  and  others,  which 
are  supported  by  stantions  fixed  on  the  bodies  of  the 
canoes,  is  laid  a  boarded  platform.  All  the  parts 
which  compose  the  double  canoe,  are  made  as  strong 
and  light  as  the  nature  of  the  work  will  admit,  and 
may  be  imrnerged  in  water  to  the  very  platform, 
%vithout  being  in  danger  of  filling.  Nor  is  it  possi- 
ble, under  any  circumstance  whatever,  for  them 
to  sink,  so  long  as  they  hold  together.  Thus  tliey 
are  not  only  made  vessels  of  burden,  but  fit  for  cUs- 
tant  navigation.  They  are  rigged  with  one  mast, 
"which  steps  upon  the  platform,  and  can  easily  be 
raised  or  taken  down ;  and  are  sailed  with  a  latteen- 
sail,  or  triangular  one,  extended  by  a  long  yard, 
^vhich  is  a  little  bent  or  crooked.  The  sail  is  made 
of  mats;  the  rope  they  made  use  of  is  laid  exactly 
like  those  of  Europe,  and  some  of  it  is  four  or  five 
inches.  On  the  platform  is  built  a  little  shed  or  hut, 
"which  screens  the  crew  from  the  sun  and  weather, 
and  serves  Hw  other  purposes.  They  also  carry  a 
moveable  fire-hearth,  which  is  a  square,  but  shallow. 


SECOND  VOYAGE. 


231 


k'ough  of  wood,  filled  with  stones.  The  way  into 
the  hold  of  the  conoe  is  from  off  the  platform,  down 
a  sort  of  uncovered  hatchway,  in  which  they  stand 
to  bail  out  the  water.  These  vessels  are  navigated 
either  end  foremost,  and  that,  in  changing  tacks, 
thpy  have  only  occasion  to  shift  orjib  round  the  sail  ; 
buw  of  this  Captain  Cook  says  he  was  not  certain,  as 
he  had  not  then  seen  any  under  sail,  or  with  the  mast 
and  sail  an  end,  but  what  were  a  considerable  dis- 
tance from  him. 

Their  working  tools  are  made  of  stone,  bones, 
shells,  &c.  as  at  the  other  islands.  When  they  viewed 
the  work  which  is  performed  with  these  tools,  they 
were  struck  with  admiration  at  the  ingenuity  and 
patience  of  the  workman.  I'heir  knowledge  of  the 
utility  of  iron  was  no  more  than  sufficient  to  teach 
them  to  prefer  nails  to  beads,  and  such  trifles ; 
some,  but  a  very  f 5w»  would  exchange  a  pig  for  a 
large  nail,  or  a  hatchet.  Old  jackets,  shirts,  cloth, 
and  even  rags,  were  in  more  esteem  than  the  best 
edge  tool  they  could  give  them ;  consequently  they 
got  but  few  axes  but  what  were  presents.  The 
nails  which  were  given  by  the  officers  and  crews  oi* 
both  ships  for  curiosities,  &c.  with  those  given  for 
refreshments,  amount  to  no  less  than  five  hundred 
weight,  great  and  small.  The  only  piece  of  iron 
they  saw  among  them  was  a  small  broad  awl,  which 
had  been  made  of  a  nail. 

Both  men  and  women  are  of  a  common  size  with 
Europeans ;  and  their  colour  is  that  of  a  lightish 
copper,  and  more  uniformly  so  than  amongst  the 
inhabitants  of  Otaheite  and  the  Society  Isles.  The 
women  are  the  merriest  creatures  they  ever  mejt  with, 
and  will  keep  chattering  by  one's  side,  without  the 
least  invitation,  or  considering  whet!her  they  are  un- 
derstood, provided  one  does  but  seem  pleased  with 
them.  In  general  they  appear  to  be  modest,  al- 
though there  was  no  want  of  those  of  a  different 
stamp ;  and  as  they  had  yet  some  ▼enereal  coini- 
plaints  on  board.  Captain  Cook  took  all  possibe  care 
to  prevent  the  disorder  being  communicated  to  them. 
Upon  most  ©•casioas  they  shewed  a  strong  propeij-j 


'\ 


232 


CAPTAIN  COOK^S 


sity  to  pilfering ;  in  which  they  were  fall  as  expert 
as  the  Otaheiteaiis. 

They  have  fine  eyes,  and  in  general  good  teeth,  even 
to  an  advanced  age.  Tlie  custom  of  tattowmg^  or 
puncturing  the  skin  prevails.  The  men  are  tai tow- 
ed from  the  middle  of  the  thigh  to  above  the  hips. 
The  women  have  it  only  on  their  arms  and  fingers ; 
and  there  but  very  slightly. 

The  dress  of  both  sexes  consists  of  a  piece  of  clothj 
or  matting,  wrapped  rourtd  the  waist,  and  hanging 
down  below  the  knees.  From  the  waist,  upwards, 
they  are  generally  naked ;  and  it  seemed  to  be  a 
custom  to  anoint  these  parts  every  morning.  My 
friend  Attago  never  failed  to  do  it ;  but  whether  out 
of  respect  tome,  or  from  custom,  I  will  not  pre- 
tend to  say ;  though  I  rather  think  from  the  latter^ 
as  he  was  not  singular  in  the  practice- 

Their  ornaments  are  amulets,  necklaces,  and 
bracelets  of  bones,  shells,  and  beads  of  mother  of 
pearl,  tortoise-shell,  &c«  which  are  worn  by  both 
sexes.  They  make  various  sorts  of  matting  ;  some 
of  a  very  fine  texture,  which  is  generally  used  for 
clothing  ;  and  the  thick  and  stronger  bort  serves  to 
sleep  on,  and  to  make  sails  for  their  canoes,  6cc. 
Among  other  useful  utensils,  they  have  vaiious  sorts 
of  baskets ;  some  made  of  the  same  materials  as  their 
mats ;  and  others  of  the  twisted  fibres  of  cocoa  nuts. 
These  are  not  only  durable  but  beautiful,  being  ge- 
nerally composed  of  different  colours,  and  studded 
with  beads  made  of  shells  or  bones.  They  have 
many  little  nick-nacks  amongst  them  ;  which  shew 
that  they  neither  want  caste  to  design,  nor  skill  to 
execute,  whatever  they  take  in  hand. 

The  women  frequently  entertained  them  with 
songs,  in  a  manner  which  was  agreeable  enough. 
They  accompany  the  music  by  snapping  their  fin- 
gers, so  as  to  keep  time  to  it.  Kot  only  their  voices, 
but  their  music,  was  very  harmonious,  and  they  have 
a  considerable  compass  in  their  notes.  Their  only 
instruments  are  a  flute  and  a  drum. 

The  common  method  of  saluting  one  another  is  by 
touching  or  meeting  Hoses,  as  is  done  in  New  Ziea- 


SECOND  VOYAGE. 


■t  ■  ■■  X'    ■ 

land ;  and  tlieif  sign  of  peace  to  strangers,  is  the 
displaying  a  white  flag  or  flags  ;  at  least  such  were 
displayed  to  them  when  they  first  drew  near  the 
shore.  From  their  unsuspicious  manner  of  coming 
onboard,  and  of  receiving  them  at  first  on  shore,  it 
appears  they  are  seldom  disturbed  by  either  foreign 
or  domestic  troubles^  They  are,  however,  not  un- 
provided with  very  formidable  weapons  ;  such  as 
clubs  and  spears,  made  of  hard  wood,  also  bows  and 
arrows.  The  clubs  are  from  three  to  five  feet  in 
length,  and  of  various  shapes.  Some  of  their  spears 
have  many  barbs,  and  must  be  vei7  dangerous  wea- 
pons where  they  take  effect. 

They  have  a  singular  custom  of  putting  every 
thin,?  you  give  them  to  tiieir  Meads,  by  way  of  thanks. 
Very  often  the  women  would  take  hold  of  Captain 
Cook's  hand,  kis»  it,  and  lift  it  to  their  heads. 

A  very  peculiar  barbarism  prevails  in  these  isles.^ 

They  observed  that  the  greater  part  of  the  people, 

[both  men  and  women,  had  lost  one,  or  both  tneir 

little  fingers.*     They  endeavoured  but  in  vain  to 

find  out  the  reason  of  this  mutilation;  for  no  one 

would  take  any  pains  to  inform  them-    It  was  nei* 

ther  p2culiar  to  rank,  age,  or  sex  ;  nor  is  it  done  at 

iany  certain  age,  as  they  saw  those  of  all  ages  on 

[whom  the  amputation  had  been  just  nnade  ;  and,  ex- 

[cept  some  young  children,  they  .found  few  who  had 

both  hands  perfect.     As  it  was  more  common  among 

I  the  aged  than  the  young,  some  were  of  opinion  that  it 

I  was  occasioned  by  the  death  of  their  parents,  or 

I  some  other  near  relation.    But  Mr.  Wales  one  day 

I  met  with  i).  man,  whose  hands  were  both  perfect,  of 

jsuch  an  advanc*^d  age,  that  it  was  hardly  possible 

his  parents  could  be  living.    They  also  bum  or 

make  incisions  in  their  cheeks,  near  the  cheek-bone. 

The  reason  of  this  was  equally  unknown.    In  some, 

the  wounds  were  quite  fresh  ;  in  others,  they  could 

only  be  knojwn  by  the  scars,  or  colour  of  the  skin. 

I  They  all  appeared  healthy,  strong,  and  vigorous; 

*  This  cusiom  is  not  peculiar  to  the  inhabitants  of  the 
Priendly  Isleft.  See  Uecherches  Philosophique*  siir  Ics  A* 
pericains,  tofc.  i».  p.  353.  &o. 


■^ 


#^ 


234 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


a  proof  of  tHe  goodness  of  the  climate  in  which  they 
live.  ♦  I 

They  made  sail  to  the' southward,  having  a  gentle! 
gale  at  S.  E.  by  E.  it  being  Captain  Cook's  intentioal 
to  proceed  directly  to  Queen  charlotte's  Sound  ia| 
,  New  Zealand,  there  to  take  in  wood  and  water,  audi 
then  to  go  on  farther  discoveries  to  the  South  andl 
East.    He  was  very  desirous  of  having  some  inter-l 
course  with  the  natives  of  this  country  as  far  tothcl 
North  as  possible ;  that  is,  about  Poverty  or  Tolaga 
Bays,  where  he  apprehended  they  were  more  civj. 
lizedthanat  Queen  Charlotte's  Sound,  in  order tol 
give  them  some  hogs,  fowls,  seeds,  roots,  &c.  which 
he  had  provided  for  the  purpose.    They  arrived  on 
the  21st,  and  stood  as  near  the  shore  as  they  couldl 
with  safety.    They  observed  several  people  upon  it, 
V*   but  none  attempted  to  come  oft*  to  them.    As  soon  as 
the  Adventure  was  up  with  them,  they  made  saill 
for  Cape   Kidnappers,   which  they  passed  at  fivcl 
o'clock  in  the  morning,  and  continued  their  course! 
along-shore  till    nine,   when,    being    about   threel 
leagues  short  of  Black-head,they  saw  some  canoesputi 
off  trom  the  shore.    Upon  this  they  brought-to,  in  or- 
<ler  to  give  them  time  to  come  .on  board. 

Those  in  the  first  canoe,  which  came  along-sideJ 
were  fishers,  and  exchanged  some  fish  for  pieces  of 
cloth  and  nails.    In  the  next  were  two  men,  who, 
by  their  dress  and  behaviour,  seemed  to  be  Chiefs. 
These  two  were  easily  prevailed  on  to  come  on 
board,  when  they  were  presented  with  nails  and 
other  articles..   They  were  so  foijd  of  nails,  as  to 
seize  on  all  they  could  find,  and  with  such  eager- 
ness as  plainly  shewed  they  were  the  most  valuable 
tilings  they  could    give  them.     To  the  principal 
of   these    two  men  Captain  Cook   gave  the  pigs,! 
fowls,  seeds,  and  roots.    At  first  he  ^ul  not  think 
it  was  meant  to  give  them  to  him  ;    for  he  took 
but  little  notice  of  them,  till  he  was  s3tirliedthey| 
jvere  for  himself;  nor  was  he  then  in  such  rap-l 
ture  as  when  he  gave  him  a  spikenail  halt  :he  lengthl 
,  of  his  arm.    However,  at  his  going  nvfaf.  the  Cap- 
tain took  notice  that  he  very  well  rem  ?r»*  be  red  how 
inany  pigs  and  fowls  ha.^  been    iven  Jim,  a»  he| 


SECOND  VOYAGE. 


23S 


took  care  to  have  them  all  collected  together,  and 
Ikept  a  watchful  eye  over  them,  lest  any  should  be 
(taken  away.    He  made  a  promise  not  to  kill  any  ; 
irtd  if  he  keeps  his  word,  and  proper  care  is  taken 
lof  them,  there  were  enough  to  stock  the  whole 
(island  in  due  time,  being  two  boars,  t>wo  sows,  four* 
hens,  two  cocks-    The  seeds  were  such  a^  are  most 
useful,  viz.  wheat,  French  and  kidney  beans,  pease, 
«abbage,  turnips,  unions,  carrots,  parsnips,  yams, 
&c.    With  these  articles  tfhey  were  dismissed.    It 
was  evident  these  people  had  not  forgot  the  En- 
deavour being  on  tneir  coast;  for  the  first  words^ 
[they  spoke  were,  Mataou  no  te  fiow  fiotif^  (we  are  ' 
[afraid  of  the  guns.)    As  they  could  be  no  strai:gers 
[to  the  affair  which  happened  off  Cape  Kidnapper  in* 
pe former  voyage,  experience  had  taught  them  ta^ 
[have  some  reg^r^i'd  to  these  instruments  of  death. 

They  now  ^>tretched  to  the  southward ;  presently 

[after  violent  weather  came  on,  and  for  two  day^ 

[they  were  beating  up  against  a  hard  gale.    When 

[they  arrived  just  in  sight  of  port,  they  had  the  mor- 

jtification  to  be  driven  off  from  the  land  by  a  furious 

storm.    Two  favourable  circumstances  attended  it, 

which  gave  them  some   consolation ;  it  was  fair 

ever-hecvd,  and  they  were  not  apprehensive  of  a  lee- 

I  shore.  ' 

They  condnued  to  combat  tempesti' -*as  weatherf 
I  till  the  30th,  when  they  lost  sight  of  the  Adventure.* 
In  the  afternoon  the  gale  abated.    Captain  Cook 
now  regretted  the  loss  of  her ;  for  had  she  been 
[With  bin:,  he  would  have  given  up  all  thoughts  of  go- 
ing to  Queen  Charlotte  s  Sound  to  wood  and  water, 
and  have  sought  for  a  place  to  get  these  articles^ 
falrther  south,  as  the  wind  was  now  favburable  for* 
ranging  along  the  coast.   But  their  separation  made 
it  necessary  for  him  to  repair  to  the  Sound,  that 
[being  the  place  of  rendezvous. 

As  they  appro<»xhed  the  land  they  saw  smoke  in 
[several  places  along  the  shore ;  a  sure  sign  that 
I  the  coast  was  inhabited.  They  continued  to  stand 
jtothe  eastward  all  night,  in  hopes  of  meeting  with 
the  Adventure  in  the  morning,  the  31st  of  Octobfir- 


236 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


Seemg  nothing  of  her  then,  tl\ey  wore  and  brought- 
to  under  the  tore-sail  and  niizztin-stay-saiJ,  the  wind 
having  increased  to  a  perfect  gtorm.  At  six  o'clock 
in  tile  evening  the  wind  quite  ceased  ;  but  this  only 
proved  a  momentary  repof.e ;  for  presently  after, 
It  began  to  blow  wiUi  redowbled  tury,  and  ohli),'ed 
tliem  to  lie-to  under  the  mizzen-staysail,  in  which 
situation  they  continued  till  midnight,  when  the 
Storm  lessened ;  and  two  hours  after  it  fell  calm. 

On  the  Ibt  of  November,  at  four  o'clock  in  the 
morning,  the  :alm  was  succeeded  by  a  breeze  from 
the  soutli'  Soon  after  it  increased  to  a  fresh  gale,  at» 
tended  with  hazy,  rainy  weather,  which  gave  u$ 
hopes  that  the  N .  W.  winds  were  done  ;  for  it  must 
be  observed,  they  were  not  wanting  in  taking  imme- 
diate advantage  of  this  favourable  wind,  by  set- 
ting  all  their  sails,  and  steering  for  Cape  Campbell, 
which  at  noon  bore  north,  distant  three  or  four 
leagues*  At  two  o'clock  they  passed  the  Cape,  and 
entered  the  Streight  with  a  brisk  gale  a-stern,  and 
so  likely  to  continue^  that  they  thought  of  nothin}; 
less  than  reaching  their  port  the  next  morning. 
Once  more  they  were  deceived ;  at  six  o'clock,  be- 
ing off  Cloudy  Bay,  the  favourable  wind  was  suc- 
ceeded by  one  from  the  north,  which  soon  after 
veered  to  N-  W.  and  increased  to  afresh  gale.  Next 
morning  they  stretched  over  for  the  shore  of  Ea- 
heinomauwe.  At  sim-rise  the  hori-son  being  ex- 
traordinary clear  to  leeward,  they  looked  well  out 
for  the  Adventure  ;  but  as  they  saw  nothing  of  her, 
judged  s'ie  had  got  into  the  Sound.  As  they  ap- 
proached the  above-mentioned  shore,  they  discover- 
ed on  the  east  side  of  Cape  Teerawhitte,  a  new  inlet 
they  had  never  observed  before,  into  which  they  en- 
tered and  cast  anchor. 

"  Soon  after  they  had  anchored,  several  of  the  na- 
tives came  off  in  their  canoes  ;  two  from  one  shore, 
and  one  from  the  other-  It  required  but  little  ad- 
dress to  get  three  or  four  of  them  on  board.  I'hese 
people  were  extravagantly  fond  of  naUs  above  every 
other  thing.  To  one  man  the  Captain  gave  two 
cocks  and  two  hens,  which  he  received  with  so 


SECOND  VOYAGE. 


23T 


much  indifference,  as  gave  little  hopes  he  would 
take  proper  care  of  them. 

They  had  not  been  at  anchor  here  above  two 
hours,  before  the  wind  veered  to  N.  E-  with  which 
they  weighed,  and  steered  for  the  Soutid,  w  here  they 
arrived  just  at  dark,  with  most  of  their  sails  split' 
and  anchored  in  eighteen  fathoms  water. 

The  next  morning,  the  3d  of  November,  the  gale 
abated,  and  was  succeeded  by  a  few  hours  calm  ; 
after  that  a  breeze  sprung  up  at  N.  W.  with  which 
they  weighed  and  ran  up  into  bhij)  Cove,  where 
they  did  not  find  the  Adventure,  as  was  expected. 

The  first  thing  they  did,  after  mooring  the  ship, 
was  to  unbend  all  the  sails  ;  there  not  being  one  but 
what  wanted  repair.  In  the  afternoon  they  gave  or- 
ders for  all  the  empty  water  casks  to  be  landtd,  in 
order  to  be  repaired,  cleaned,  and  filled  ;  tents  to  be 
set  up  for  the  sail-makers,  coopers,  and  others,  whose 
business  made  it  necessary  for  them  to  be  on  shore. 
The  next  day  began  to  caulk  the  ship's  sides  and 
decks,  to  overhaul  her  rigging,  repair  the  sails,  cut 
wood  for  fuel,  and  set  up  the  smith's  forge  to  repair 
the  iron-woi-k ;  all  of  which  were  absolutely  neces- 
sary. 

On  the  5th,  the  most  part  of  their  bread  being  in 
casks,  they  ordered  some  to  be  opened,  when  to 
their  mortification,  they  found  a  good  deal  of  it  da- 
maged- To  repair  this  loss  in  the  best  manner 
they  could,  all  the  casks  were  opened,  the  bread 
was  picked,  and  the  copper  oven  set  up,  to  bake 
Such  parcels  of  it,  as,  by  that  means,  could  be  re- 
covered. Son» ;  time  this  morning  the  natives  stole, 
out  of  one  of  the  tents,  a  bag  ot  clothesbelongirig  to  one 
of  the  seamen.  As  soon  as  the  Captain  was  iniorm- 
ed  of  it,  he  went  to  them  m  an  aidjoining  cove,  de- 
manded the  clothes  again,  and  after  some  time 
spent  in  friendly  application,  recovered  them. 

With  these  people  they  saw  the  youngest  of  the 
two  sows  Captain  Furneaux  had  put  on  shore  in 
Cannibal  Cove,  when  tliey  were  last  here  ;  it  was 
lame  of  one  of  its  hind  legs,  otherwise  in  good  case, 
and  very  tame-    If  they  understood  tfie&e  people 


228 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


right,  the  boar  and  other  sow  were  also  taken  away, 
and  separated,  but  not  killed.  They  were  likewise 
told,  that  the  two  goats  they  had  put  on  shore  uptl>e 
Sound,  had  been  killed  by  that  old  rascal  Goubiah. 
Thus  all  their  endeavours  to  stock  this  countr>'  with 
useful  animals  were  likely  to  be  frustrated,  by  the 
very  people  they  meant  to  serve.  I'he  gardens  had 
fared  somewhat  better.  Every  thing  in  them,  ex- 
cept the  potatoes,  they  had  left  entirely  to  natui^, 
who  had  acted  her  part  so  well,  that  they  found 
most  articles  in  a  flourishing  state ;  a  proof  that 
the  whiter  must  have  been  mild.  The  potatoes 
had  most  of  them  been  dug  up ;  some,  however 
still  remained,  and  were  growing,  though,  it  is  pro- 
bable, they  will  never  be  got  out  of  the  ground. 

Next  morning  the  Captain  sent  over  to  the 
cove  where  the  natives  resided,  to  haul  the  seine ; 
and  took  with  him  a  boar  and  a  youn.^  sow,  two 
cocks  and  two  hens,  they  had  broiigiu  from  the  isles. 

These  he  gave  to  the  !iatives,  being  ^  suaded 
they  would  take  proper  care  of  them,  by  t  keep- 
ing   Captain    Funv  aux's   sow    near  live  nionthi 

When  they  were  purchasing  fish  of  these  people 
they  shewed  a  great  inclination  to  pick  pockets,  and 
to  take  away  the  fish  with  one  hand,  which  they  had 
just  sold  or  bartered  with  the  other.  This  evil  one 
of  the  Chiefs  undertook  to  remove,  and  with  fury  in 
his  eyes  nade  a  shew  of  keeping  the  people  at  a  pro- 
per distance.  The  Captain  says,  **  1  applauded  his 
conduct,  but  at  the  same  time  kept  so  good  a  look 
out,  as  to  detect  him  in  picking  my  pocket  of  a 
handkerchief,  which  I  suffered  him  to  put  in  his  bo- 
som before  I  seemed  to  know  any  thing  of  the  mat- 
ter, and  then  told  him  what  I  had  lost.  He  seemed 
quite  ignorant  and  mnocent,  till  I  took  it  from  him ; 
and  then  he  put  it  off  with  a  laugh,  acting  his  part 
with  so  much  address,  that  it  was  hardly  possible 
for  me  to  he?  aiie:ry  with  him  ;  so  that  we  remained 
good  friends,  and  he  accompanied  meonboardto^in- 
1  er.**  About  that  time,  they  were  visited  by  several 
strangers  in  four  or  five  canoes,  who  brought  with 
them  fish,  and  other  articles,  wliich  they  exchanp;ed 


SECOND  VOYAGE. 


239 


for  clotli,  &c.  These  new-comers  took  up  their 
ouarters  in  a  cove  near  the  tents ;  but  very  early 
the  next  nnornmg  moved  off  with  six  small  water 
casks,  and  with  tnem  all  the  people  they  found  here 
on  their  arrival.  This  precipitate  retreat  of  these 
latt,  they  supposed,  was  owing  to  the  theft  the 
others  had  committed.  They  left  behind  them  some 
of  their  dogs,  and  the  boar  tliat  had  been  given  them 
the  day  before,  which  the  Captain  now  took  back 
again,  as  he  had  not  another.  The  casks  were  the 
Jeast  loss  felt  by  these  people  leaving  th^m  ;  while 
they  remained,  they  were  generally  well  supplied 
with  fish,  at  a  small  expence- 

In  unpacking  the  bread,  four  thousand  two  hun- 
dred and 'ninety- two  pounds  they  found  totally  unfit 
to  eat,  and  about  .three  thousand  pounds  more  could 
only  be  eaten  by  people  in  their  situation.     , 

The  15th  beint>  a  pleasant  mornirg,  a  pnrty  went 
over  to  the  East  Kay,  and  c'.mbed  one  of  the  hills 
which  over-looked  the  eastern  part  of  the  streiglit. 
In  order  to  look  for  the  Adventure.  They  had  a 
fatiguing  walk  to  little  purpose  ;  for  when  they  came 
to  the  summit,  thev  found  the  eastern  horizon  so 
foggy  that  they  could  not  see  above  two  miles.  Mr. 
Forsi*»r,  who  was  one  of  the  party,  profited  by  this 
excursion,  in  collecting  some  new  plants.  They  now 
began  to  despair  of  seeing  the  Adventure  any  more, 
and  was  totally  at  a  loss  to  conceive  what  was  be- 
come of  her. 

From  this  day  to  the  22d  nothing  remarkable 
happened,  and  they  were  occupied  in  getting  every 
thing  in  readiness  to  put  to  sea,  being  resolved  to 
"Wait  no  longer  than  the  assigned  time  for  the  Ad- 
venture. 

Very  early  in  the  morning,  they  were  visited  by 
a  number  of  the  natives,  in  four  or  five  canoes, 
very  few  of  wliom  they  had  seen  before.  They 
brought  with  them  various  articles  (curiosities) 
which  they  exchanged  for  Otaheitean  cloth,  &c. 
At  first,  the  exchanges  were  very  much  in  the 
sailors  favour,  till  an  dd  roan,  who  was  no  stranger, 
cam«  anU  a^alsted  his countrjmen  with  his  advice ; 


^iO 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


which,  in  a  moment^  turned  the  trade  above  a 
thousand  per  cent*  against  them* 

Atter  these  peuple  were  gone,  the  Captain)  took 
four  hogs,  (that  is,  three  sows  ^^nd  one  boar)  two 
cocks  and  two  hens,  which  lie  landed  in  the  bottom 
of  the  West  Bay  ;  carrying  them  a  little  way  into 
the  woods,  where  he  left  thern  with  as  much  food 
as  would  serve  theni  ten  or  twelve  days.  This  was 
done  with  i\  view  of  beeping  them  in  the  woods, 
lest  they  should  come  down  to  the  shore  in  search 
of  food,  and  be  discovered  by  the  natives. 

Ha  r^ng  now  put  the  ship  in  a  condition  for  soa, 
and  to  encounter  tlie  southern  latitudes,  the  tents 
>vere  struck,  and  every  thing  got  on  boar.d. 

The  boatswain,   with   a  party  of  men,  being  in 
the  woods  cutting  broom,  some  of  tJiem  found  a 
private  hut  of  the  natives^  in  which  was  deposited 
most  of  the  treasure  they  had  received  from  there, 
as  we!l  as  some  other  articles  of  their  own.     It  is 
very  probable  some  were  set  to  watch  this  hut;  as, 
soon  »fter  it  was  discovered,  they  came  and  took  all 
away.     But  missing  some  things,  they  told  some  of 
the  sailor "  they  had  stolen  them  ;  and,  in  the  even- 
ing, cam.e  and  made  their  complaint  to  Captaiu 
Cook,  piiching  upon  one  ot  the  party  as  the  ptrson 
ivho  had  committed  the  theft,    tlaving  ordered  this 
n)a.n  to  Ije  punished  before  them.,  they  went  away 
seemingly  satisfied  ;  although  they  diti  not  i-ecover 
any  of  the  things  they  had  lost,  nor  could  by  any 
means  find  out  what  had  become  of  them  ;  though 
iiothing  was  more  certain  than  that  something  had 
been  stolen  by  some  of  the  party,  if  not  by  the  very 
man  the  natives  pitched  upon.    It  was  ever  a  max- 
im with  the  Captain  to  punish  the  least  crimes  any 
of  his  people  committed  against  these  uncivilized 
nations.    Their  robbing  them  with  impunity  ii,  by 
*io  means,  a  suihcient  reason  why  the  Europeans 
should  treat  these  uninformed  people  in  the  same 
jiianner. 

Calm  light  airs  from  the  north,  all  day,  on  the 
23d,  hindered  them  fix>in  putting  to  sea,  as  intended. 
{a  tiie  ^ft^i'QQji^i  sojna^  0/  lU^  Qjfic;  (s  went  oa  sbop^ 


<r 


SECOND  VOYAGE. 


i^41? 


to  amuse  then^selves  amon^  the  natives,  -where  ^ 
they  saw  the  head  and  bowels  of  a  youth,  who  had 
lately  been  killed,  lying  on  the  beach  ;  and  ihe  heart- 
stuck  on  a  forked  stick,  which  was  fixed  to  the 
head  of  one  of  the  largest  canoes.  One  of  the 
gentlemen  Iwnight  the  head,  and  broui^ht  it  on  board, 
where  a  piece  of  the  flesh  was  broiled  aad  eaten  by 
one  of  the  natives,  before  all  the  officers  and  most  of  , 
the  men.  Captain  Cook  was  on  shore  at  this  time, 
but  soon  after  returning  on  board,  was  hiformed  of 
the  above  circumstances  ;  and  found  the  quarter- 
deck crowded  with  the  natives,  and  the  mangled 
head,  or  rather  part  of  it,  (for  the  under  jaw  and 
lip  were  wanting)  lying  on  the  taiferal.  The  skull 
had  been  broken  on  the  left  side,  just  above  the 
temples;  and  the  remains  of  the  face  had  all  the 
appearance  of  a  youth  under  twenty. 

The  sight  of  the  head,  and  the  relation  of  the 
above  circumstances,  struck  him  with  horror,  and 
filled  his  mind  with  indignation  against  these  can^ 
nibals.  Curiosity,  however,  got  the  better  of  his 
indignation,  especially  when  he  considered  that  it 
would  avail  but  little ;  and  being  desirous  of  be- 
coming an  eye-witness  of  a  fact  which  many  doubted, 
he  ordered  a  piece  of  the  flesh  to  be  broiled  and 
brought  to  the  quarter-deck,  where  one  of  these 
cannibals  ate  it  with  surprising  avidity*  This  had 
such  an  effect  on  some  of  the  sailors  as  to  make 
them  sick.  This  youth  was  killed  in  a  skii-misU 
between  two  parties. 

That  the  New  2^alanders  are  cannibals,  can 
now  no  Ion  get  be  doubted.  The  account  given  of  . 
this  in  Captain  Cook's  former  voyage,  being  partly 
founded  on  circumstances,  was,  as  he  afterwards 
understood,  discredited  by  many  persons.  Few 
consider  what  a  savage  man  is  in  his  natural  state, 
and  even  after  he  is,  in  some  degree,  civilized. 

On  the  25th,  they  weighed,  with  a  small  breeze, 
out  of  the  cove.  The  morning  before  they  sailed. 
Captain  Cook  v/rote  a  niemoVandnm,  setting  foith 
the  time  he  arrived,  the  day  he  sailed,  the  route  he 
iutendcd  to  take,  and  such  other  information  as  he 


ni 


242 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


thought  necessary  for  Captain  Furneaux,  jn  case  he 
should  put  into  the  Sound  ;  and  buried  it  in  a  bot- 
tle under  tho  root  of  a  tree  in  tlie  garden,  which  b 
in  the  bottom  of  the  cove,  in  such  a  manner  as 
must  be  found  by  him  or  any  European  who  nught 
put  into  the  cove. 

At  day-light  in  the  morning  on  tlie  26th,  they 
made  sail  round  Cap)e  Palliser,  firing  guns  as  usual, 
as  they  ran  along  the  shore.  In  this  manner  they 
proceeded  till  they  were  three  or  four  leagues  to 
the  N.  E.  of  the  cape. 

Every  one  being  unanimously  of  opinion  that  the 
Adventure  could  neither  be  stranded  on  the  coast, 
nor  be  in  any  of  the  harbours  thereof,  they  gave 
up  looking  for  her,  and- all  thoughts  of  seeing  her 
any  more  during  the  voyage;  as  no  rendezvous  wa^ 
absolutely  fixed  upon  after  leaving  New  2^aland. 

On  quitting  the  coast,  and  consequently  all  hopes 
of  their  being  joined  by  their  consort,  not  a  man 
•was  dejected,  or  thought  the  dangers  they  had  yet 
to  go  through,  were  in  the  least  increased  by 
being  alone. 

On  the  14th  of  December  they  fell  in  with  seve- 
ral large  islands  of  ice,  and,  about  noon,  with  a  quan- 
tity of  loose  ice,  through  which  they  sailed-.  Grey 
albatrosses,  blue  peterels,  pintadoes,  and  fulmers, 
were  seen-  As  they  advanced  to  the  S.  11  by  E. 
ivith  a  fresh  gale  at  west,  they  found  the  number  of 
ice  islands  increase  fast,  also  a  cbnsiderable  quanti- 
ty of  loose  ice.  Fhey  tacked,  stretched  to  the  north, 
and  soon  got  clear  of  it,  but  not  before  they  had  re- 
ceived several  hard  knocks  from  the  larger  pieces, 
which  with  all  their  care,  they  could  not  avoid. 
After  clearing  one  danger  they  still  had  another  to 
encounter;  the  weather  remained  foggy,  and  many 
large  islands  lay  in  their  way  ;  so  that  they  had  to 
luff  for  one,  and  bear  up  for  another-  One  they 
"ivere  very  nearfalUng  aboard  of;  and  ifit  had  hap- 
pened, this  circumstance  would  never  have  been  re- 
lated, ihese  difficulties  determined  them  to  get 
more  to  the  north. 

On  the  irth  they  took  some  ice  out  of  the  sea 


SECOND  VOYAGE. 


243 


mto  their  ooats  for  the  use  of  the  ships,  but  it  proved 
to  be  none  of  the  best,  being  chiefly  composed  of 
frozen  snow ;  on  which  account  it  was  porous,  and 
imbibed  a  good  deal  of  salt  water ;  but  this  drained 
oft  after  lying  a  while  on  deck,  and  the  water  then 
yielded  was  tresh.  They  continued  to  stretch  to 
the  east,  with  a  cold  northerly  wind,  attended  with 
a  thick  fog,  snow,  and  sleet,  that  decorated  all  their 
rigging  with  icicles- 

On  the  21st  they  very  suddenly  got  in  amorigst  a 
cluster  of  very  large  ice  islands,  and  a  vast  quantity 
of  loose  pieces ;  and  as  the  fog  was  exceedingly 
thick,  it  was  with  the  utmost  difficulty  they  wore 
dear  of  them. 

On  the  23d,  the  wind  being  pretty  moderate,  and 
the  sea  smooth,  they  brought-to,  at  the  outer  edge 
of  the  ice,  hoisted  out  two  boats,  and  sent  to  take 
some  up.  The  snow  froze  to  the  rigging  as  it  fell, 
ir.aking  the  ropes  like  wires,  and  the  sails  like  boards 
or  plates  of  metal.  # 

While  iliey  were  taking  up  ice,  they  got  two  of 
the  antarctic  peterels.  They  are  about  the  siz© 
of  a  large  pigeon  ;  the  feathers  of  the  head,  back» 
and  part  ot  the  upper  side  of  tlie  wings,  are  of  a 
light  brown ;  the  belly  ar  under  side  of  the 
wings  white;  the  tail  feathei.3>  ai e  al^o  white,  bu^ 
tipped  with  brown.  These  birds  a*-  fuUer  of  fea- 
thers than  any  they  had  hitherto  seei  ;  such  are 
has  nature  taken  to  clothe  them,  suitable  to  the  cli- 
mate i'l  which  they  live..  They  also  saw  i  very 
large  seal,  which  kept  playing  about  for  son  e  time.  ^ 
One  of  their  people  who  had  been  at  Greenland, 
called  it  a  sea-horse  ;  but  every  one  else  who  sa  it, 
took  it  for  what  it  really  was.  * 

In  the  morning  of  the  26th,  the  whole  sea  was  in 
a  manner  covered  with  ice,  200  large  islands  and 
upwards,  being  seen  within  the  compass  of  four  or 
five  miles-  i 

On  the  30th,  several  whales  were  seen  playing 
about  the  ^hip,  but  very  few  birds ;  islands  ot  ice 
JD  plenty. 

.On  tie  SOth  of  Januan*,  1174,  at  four  o'clock  in 


244 


CAFT4IN  COOK'S 


the  morning,  they  perceived  the  clouds^  over  the 
homon  to  the  south,  to  be  of  an  unusual  snow-white 
brightness,  which  they  knew  denounced  tlieir  ap- 
proach to  field  ice.  Soon  after,  it  was  seen  froia 
the  top-mast-head ;  and  at  eight  o'clock,  they  were 
close  to  its  edge. 

It  extended  east  and  west,  far  beyon  1  the  reach 
of  their  sight.  In  the  situation  they  were  in,  just 
the  southern  halt  of  th**  horizon  was  illuminated  by 
the  rays  of  light  reflected  from  the  ice,  to  a  consi- 
derable height.  Ninety-seven  ice  hills  were  distinct- 
ly seen  within  the  field,  besides  those  on  the  outside; 
many  of  them  very  large,  and  looking  like  a  ridge 
of  mountains,  rising  one  above  another  till  they  were 
lost  in  the  clouds.  The  outer  or  northern  edge  of  this 
immense  field  was  composed  of  loose  or  broken  ice 
close  packed  together ;  so  that  it  was  not  possible  for 
any  thing  to  enter  it.  This  was  about  a  mile  broad; 
"within  which  was  solid  ice  in  one  continued  compact 
body.  It  was  rather  low  and  flat  (except  the  hills), 
but  seemed  to  increase  in  height  to  the  south  ;  in 
•which  direction  it  extended  beyond  their  sight. 
Such  mountains  of  ice  as  these,  were.  Captain  Cook 
believes,  never  seen  in  the  Greenland  seas;  at  least 
not  that  he  ever  heard  or  read  of;  so  that  he  cannot 
draw  a  comparison  between  the  ice  here  and  there. 

The  Captain  says,  "  I  will  not  say  it  was  impossi- 
ble any  where  to  get  farther  to  the  south  ;  but  the 
attempting  it  would  have  been  a  dangerous  and  rash 
enterprise,  and  wh.it  I  relieve,  no  man  in  my  situ- 
ation would  have  thought  of*  I,  who  had  ambition 
not  only  to  go  farther  than  any  one  had  been  before, 
but  as  far  as  it  was  possible  for  man  vo  go,  was  not 
sorry  at  meeting  with  this  interruption  ;  as  it  in 
some  measure  relieved  us  ;  at  least,  shortened  the 
dangers  and  hardsliips  inseparable  from  the  naviga- 
tion of  the  southern  polar  regions.  Since  therefore 
"we  could  not  proceed  one  inch  f  rther  to  the  south, 
no  other  reason  need  be  assigi^ed  for  my  tacking  and 
standing  back  to  the  N.** 

The  Captain  now  came  to  a  resolution  to  proceed 
tathe  north,  and  to  sjj^nd  th«  ensuing^  winter  with* 


Tf^ 


SECOND  VOYA^  245 

in  the  tropic,  if  he  met  with  no  dmoymcnt  before 
he  came  there,  as  he  was  now  wel^atisfiecl  no  con- 
tinent was  to  be  found  in  this  ocean,  but  what  must 
lie  so  far  to  the  south  as  to  be  totally  inaccessible  on 
account  of  ice  ;  and  that  if  cme  should  be  found  in 
the  southern  Atlantic  Ocean,  it  would  be  .iecessary 
to  have  the  whole  summer  before  them  to  explore 

it. 

They  no?/  steered  north,  inclining  to  the  east,  and 
in  the  evening  they  were  overtaken  by ^  a  furicua 
storm  at  W-  S.  W.  attended  with  snow  and  sleet. 
It  came  so  suddenly  upon  them,  that  before  they 
could  take  in  their  sails,  two  old  top-sails,  which 
they  had  bent  to  the  yards,  were  blown  to  pieces, 
and  the  other  sails  much  damaged. 

On  the  20th  of  February,  as  they  advanced  to  the 
north,  they  felt  a  most  sensible  change  in  the  wea- 
ther. They  steered  W.  S.  W.  which  they  thought 
the  most  probable  direction  to  find  land. 

On  the  25th,  Captain  Cook  was  taken  ill  of  the 
bilious  cholic,  which  was  so  violent  as  to  confine  him 
to  his  bed ;  so  that  the  management  of  the  ship  was 
left  to  Mr.  Cooper,  the  first  officer,  who  conducted 
lier  much  to  his  satisfaction.    It  was  several  days  be- 
fore the  most  dangerous  symptoms  of  bis  disorder 
were  removed;  during  which  timeMr.Patten,the  sur- 
geon, was  to  him  not  only  a  skilful  physician,  but  an 
affectionate  nurse.    When  he   began  to  recover,  a 
favourite  dog  belonging  to  Mr.  Forster,  fell  a  :sacri- 
lice  to  his  tender  stomach.    They  had  no  other  fresh 
inieat  whatever  on  board  ;  and  the  Captain  could  eat 
I  of  this  flesh,  as  well  as  broth  made  of  it,  when  he 
icould  taste  nothing  else.     Thus  he  received  nour- 
iishment  and  strength  from  food  which  would  have 
[matle  most  people  in  Europe  sick  ;  so  true  it  is,  that 
f necessity  is  governed  by  no  law. 
I    At  eight  o'clock  in  tjfie  morning  on  the  11th  of 
March,  land  was  seen  from  the  mast-head,  bearing 
pvest,  about  twelve  leagues  distant.    They  now  tack- 
ed and  endeavoured  to  get  into  what  appeared  to  be 
May,  on  the  west  side  of  the  point,  or  S.  E.  side  of 
the  island  :  but  before  this  could  be  accomplished, 


•# 


.Mr 


mm 


PTAIN  COOK'S 


246 


night  came  upflKhem,  and  they  stood  on  and  off, 
under  the  land,^ll  the  next  mormng.  This  is  call- 
£aster  Island,  or  Davis'  Land. 

When  getting  round  the  point,  and  coming  before 
'  a  sandy  beach,  they  found  soundings  thirty  and  forty 
fathoms,  sandy  ground,  and  about  one  mile  from  the 
shore.  Here  a  canoe,  conducted  by  two  men,  came 
off.  They  brought  with  them  a  bunch  of  plantains, 
which  they  sent  into  the  ship  by  a  rope,  and  then 
they  returned  ashore.  This  gave  the  Captain  a  good 
opinion  of  the  Islanders,  and  inspired  them  with 
hopes  of  getting  some  refrer^hments,  of  which  they 
ivere  in  great  want. 

They  continued  to  range  along  the  coast,  tiU  they 
opened  the  northern  point  of  the  isle-  While  the 
^^ship  was  plying  in,  a  native  came  on  board.  The 
first  thing  he  did  was  to  measure  the  length  of  the 
ship,  by  fathoming  her  from  the  taffarel  to  the  stern; 
and  as  he  counted  the  fathoms,  they  observed  that 
he  called  the  numbers  by  the  same  names  that 
they  do  at  Otaheite ;  nevertheless  his  language  was 
^nearly  unintelligible  to  all  of  them. 

Having  anchored  too  near  the  edge  of  the  bank,  a 
fresh  breeze  from  the  land,  about  three  o'clock  the 
next  moming,  drove  them  off  it ;  on  which  the  Cap- 
tain went  ashore  accompanied  by  some  of  the  gentle- 
men, to  see  what  the  island  was  likely  to  aftbrd, 
They  landed  at  a  sandy  beach,  where  some  huu^ 
dreds  of  the  natives  were  assembled,  and  who  were 
so  impatient  to  see  them,  that  many  of  them  swam 
off  to  meet  the  boats.  Not  one  of  them  had  so  much 
as  a  stick  or  a  weapon  of  any  sort  in  his  hand.  After 
distributing  a  few  trinkets  among  them,  they  made 
signs  for  something  to  eat;  on  which  they  brought  I 
down  a  few  potatoes,  plantains,  and  sugar-canes,  and 
exchanged  them  for  nails,  looking-glasses,  and! 
pieces  of  cloth. 

They  presently  discovered  that  they  wete  as  ex- 
pert thieves,  and  as  tricking  in  their  exchanges,  as| 
any  people  they  had  yet  met  with.  It  was.  with  somej 
difficulty  they  could  keep  the  hats  on  their  heads; 
^  butjiardly  possible  to  keep  any  thing  iti  their  pock- 


SECOND  VOYAGE. 


2ftr 


ets,  not  even  what  themselves  had  sold  ;  for  they 
would  watch  every  opportunity  to  snatch  it  from 
them,  so  that  they  sometimes  bought  the  same  thing 
two-br  three  times  over,  and  after  all  did  not  get  it. 

Before  they  sailed  from  England,  Captain  Cook 
was  informed  that  a  Spanish  ship  had  visited  this 
isle  in  1769.  Some  signs  of  it  were  seen  among  the 
natives  ;  one  man  had  a  pretty  good  broad  brimmed 
European  hat  on  ;  another  a  jacket ;  and  another  a 
red  silk  handkerchief.  Near  the  place  where  they 
landed,  were  some  tall  statues,  which  shall  be  de- 
scribed  hereafter.  The  country  appeared  white  bar- 
ren and  without  wood ;  there  were  nevertheless  se- 
veral plantations  of  potatoes,  plantains,  and  sugar- 
canes  ;  they  also  saw  some  fowls,  and  found  a  well 
of  brackish  water.  The  ship  was  brought  to  ait  an- 
chor in  thirty-two  fathoms  watex%  about  a  mile  from 
the  nearest  shor^.  > 

The  Captain  was  obliged  to  cc:;tent"  himself  with 
remaining  at  the  landing-place  among  the  natives, 
as  he.  was  not  yet  quite  recovered.  They  had  a 
pretty  brisk  trade  with  them  for  potatoes,  which 
they  observed  they  dug  out  of  an  adjoining  planta- 
tion ;  but  this  traffic,  which  was  very  advantageous 
to  them,  was  soon  put  a  stop  to,  by  the  owner  (as 
they  supposed)  of  the  plantation  coming  down,  and 
driving  all  the  people  out  of  it.  By  this  they  con- 
cluded, that  he  had  been  robbed  of  his  property, 
and  that  they  "/ere  not  less  scrupulous  of  stealing; 
from  one  another  than  from  them,  on  whom  they 
practised  every  little  fraud  they  could  think  of,  and 
generally  with  success ;  for  they  had  no  sooner  de- 
tected them  in  one,  than  they  found  out  another*  A 
party  who  had  been  sent  out  in  the  morning  to  view 
the  country,  now  returned.  They  had  not  proceed- 
ed far,  before  a  middle-aged  man,  punctured  from 
head  to  foot,  and  his  face  painted  with  a  sort  o£ 
white  pigment,  appeared  with  a  spear  in  his  hand, 
and  walked  along-side  of  them,  making  signs  to  his 
countrymen  to  keep  at  a  distance,  and  not  to  molest 
them.  When  he  had  pretty  well  effected  this,  he 
hoisted  a  piece  of  white  ck)th  on  his  spear,  placed 


243 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


himself  in  tlie  front,  and  led  the  way,  with  this  en* 
sign  of  peace.  For  the  greatest  part  of  the  distance 
across,  the  ground  had  but  a  barren  appearance. 

On  tlve  east  side,  near  the  sea,  they  naet  wiih^ree 
platforms  ot  stone-work,  or  rather  the  ruins  of  them. 
On  each  had  stood  four  of  those  large  statues, 
but  they  were  ail  fallen  down  from  two  of  them, 
and  also  one  from  the  third  ;  all  except  one  were 
broken  by  the  fall,  or  in  some  measure  defaced. 
Mr.  Wales  measured  this  one,  and  found  it  to  be  fif- 
teen  feet  in  length,  and  six  feet  broad  over  the 
shoulders.  Each  statue  had  on  its  head  a  large  cy- 
lindric  stone  of  a  red  colour,  wrought  periectly 
round.  The  one  they  measured,  which  was  not 
by  fur  the  larj<est,  was  fifty-two  inches  higli,  and 
sixtj^-six  in  diameter.  In  some,  the  upper  corner  of 
the  cylinder  was  taken  off  in  a  sort  of  concave 
quarter- round ;  but  in  others  the  cylinder  was  en» 
tire. 

Beyond  this  the>'  came  to  the  most  fertile  part  of 
the  island  they  saw,  it  being  interspersed  with  plan- 
tations of  potatoes,  6ugar-canes,  and  plantain-trees, 
and  these  not  so  much  encumbered  with  stones  as 
those  they  had  seen  before  ;  out  they  could  find  no 
water  except  what  the  natives  twice  or  thrice 
brought  theiTi,  which,  though  brackish  and  stinking, 
was  rendered  acceptable,  by  the  extremity  of  their 
thirst.  They  also  pa?»sed  some  hut.s,  the  owners  of 
which  met  them  with  roasted  potatoes  and  sugar- 
canes,  and  placing  themselves  ahead  of  the  pdrty 
(for  they  m^i relief t  in  a  line  in  order  to  have  the 
benefit  of  the  path,)  gave  one  to  each  man  as  he 
passed  by.  But  at  the  very  time  some  were  reliev- 
jng  the  thirsty  and  hungry,  there  were  others  who 
endeavoured  to  steal  from  them  the  very  things 
which  had  been  given  them.  At  last,  to  prevent 
worse  consequences,  they  were  obliged  to  fire  a  load 
of  small  shot  at  one  who  was  so  audacious  as  to 
snatch  the  bag  which  contained  every  thing  tliey 
carried  with  them.  The  shot  hit  him  on  the  back, 
on  which  he  dropped  the  bag,  ran  a  little  way, 
;iind  then  fell;  but  he  afterwards  got  up  and  walkedi 


SECOND  VOYAGE. 


and  what  became  of  him  they  knew  not,  nor  whether 
he  was  much  wounded.  This  aifair  occasioned  some 
delay,  and  dr*iw  the  natives  together :  they  presejit- 
ly  saw  the  man  who  had  hitherto  led  the  way,  and 
one  or  two  more,  coming  running  towards  them  ; 
but  instead  of  stopping  when  they  came  up,  they 
continued  to  run  round  them,  repeating  m  a  kind 
manner,  a  few  words,  until  they  set  forwards  again* 
Then  their  old  guide  hoisted  his  flag,  leading  the 
way  as  before,  and  none  ever  attempted  to  steal  froin 
them  the  whole  day  afterwards. 

Towards  the  eastern  end  of  the  island,  they  met 
with  a  well  whose  water  was  perfectly  fresh,  being 
considerably  above  the  level  of  the  sea  ;  but  it  was 
dirty,  owing  to  the  filthiness  or  cleanliness  (call  it; 
which  you  will)  of  the  natives,  who  never  go  to  drink 
V  ithout  washing  themselves  all  over  as  soon  v^s  they 
have  done ;  and  if  ever  so  many  of  them  are  together^ 
the  first  leaps  right  into  the  middle  of  the  whole, 
drinks,  and  washes  himself  without  the  least  cere- 
mony ;  after  which  another  takes  his  place,  and  does 
the  same. 

They  observed  that  this  side  of  the  island  was  full 
of  those  gigantic  statues  before  mentioned ;  some 
placed  in  groups  on  platforms  of  masonry  ;  others 
single,  fixed  only  in  the  earth,  and  that  not  deep ; 
and  these  latter  are,  in  general,  much  larger  than 
the  others.  Having  measured  one,  which  had  fallen 
down,  they  found  it  very  near  twenty*sevei^  feet  long, 
and  upwards  of  eight  feet  over  the  breast  or  shouK 
ders ;  and  yet  this  appeared  considerably  short  of  the 
size  of  one  they  saw  standing:  its  shade,  a  little 
past  two  o'clock,  being  sufficient  to  shelter  all  the 
party,  consisting  of  near  thirty  persons,  from  the 
rays  oT  the  sun.  Mr.  Wales,  from  whom  Captain 
Cook  had  this  information,  is  of  opinion  th^t  there 
had  been  a  quarry  here  whence  these  stones  had 
formerly  been  dug ;  and  that  it  would  have  been  no, 
difficult  matter  to  roll  them  down  the  hill  after  they 
Were  formed.  -      ^ 

They  saw  not  an  animal  of  any  sort,  and  but  very 
few l?ircl? ;  por iiwlecd  anything  >vhi9h  cani^^np 

X2  *       .  X 


t*" 


250 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


ships  that  arc  not  in  the  utmost  distress  to  touch  at 
this  island. . 

The  Captain  determined  to  leave  the  island  the 
next  morning,  since  nothing  was  to  be  obtained  that 
could  make  it  worth  his  while  to  stay  longer.  They 
had  a  calm  till  ten  o'clock  in  the  morning  of  the  16th, 
when  a  breeze  sprung  up  at  west»  accompanied 
with  heavy  showers  of  rain,  which  lasted  about  an 
hour.  The  weather  then  clearing  up,  on  the  16th of 
March,  they  got  under  sail,  and  stood  to  st  a. 

The  produce  of  this  island  is  sweet  potatoes,  yams, 
tarra  or  eddy  roo,  plantains,  and  sugar-canes,  all 

gretty  good,  the  potatoes  especially,  which  are  the 
est  of  the  kind  they  ever  tasted.  Gourds  they  have 
also,  but  80  very  few,  that  a  cocoa-nut  shell  was  the 
most  valuable  thing  they  could  give  tliem.  They 
have  a  few  tame  fowl?,  such  as  cocks  and  hens, 
&mall  but  well  tasted.  '1  hey  have  also  rats,  which, 
it  seems,  they  eat ;  for  they  saw  a  man  with  some 
dead  ones  in  his  hand  ;  and  he  seemed  unwilling  to 
part  with  them,  giving  them  to  understand  they 
were  for  food.  The  coast  seemed  not  to  abound 
with  fish  ;  at  least  they  could  catch  none  with  hook 
and  line,  and  it  was  but  very  little  they  $aw  amongst 
the  natives. 

The  inhabitants  of  this  island  do  not  seem  to  ex- 
ceed six  or  seven  hundred  souls,  and  above  two-thirds 
of  those  they  saw  were  males.  They  either  have 
but  few  females  among  them,  or  else  many  were  re- 
strained fron>  making  their  appearance. 

In  general,  the  people  of  this  isle  are  a  slender 
race.  They  did  not  see  a  man  that  would  measure 
six  feet ;  so  far  are  they  from  being  giants,  as  one 
of  the  authors  of  Roggewein's  voyage  asserts.  They 
are  brisk  and  active,  have  good  features,  and  not 
disagreeable  countenances,  are  friendly  and  hospi- 
table'to  strangers,  but  as  much  addicted  to  pilfering 
as  any  of  their  neighbours. 

The  women's  clothing  is  a  piece  or  two  of  quilted 
cloth  about  six  feet  by  tour,  or  a  mat  One  piece 
wrapped  round  their  loins,  and  another  over  their 
^tipiilders,  make  a  complete  dress*    B\it  the  ^^^ 


SECOND  VOYAGE. 


251 


for  the  most  part,  are  in  a  manner  naked,  wearinjg 
nothing  but  a  slip  of  cloth  betwixt  their  legs,  each 
end  of  which  is  fastened  to  a  cord  or  belt  they  wear 
round  the  waist.  Th<.  Otah^tean  cloth,  or  indeed 
any  sort,  was  much  valu*  d  by  ihcm-  " 

As  harmless  find  friendly  as  these  people  seem  to 
be,  they  are  not  without  offensive  weapons,  such  as 
short  wooden  clubs,  and  spears. 

I'heir  houses  ure  low  miserable  huts,  constnicted 
by  setting  sticks  upright  in  the  ground,  at  six  or 
eight  feet  distance,  then  bending  them  towards  each 
otUer,  and  lying  them  together,  at  the  top,  forming 
thereby  a  kind  of  <iothic  arch.  1  he  longest  sticks 
are  placed  in  the  middle,  and  shorter  ones  each  way, 
and  at  less  distance  asunder ;  by  which  means  the 
building  is  highest  and  broadest  in  the  middle,  and 
lower  and  narrower  towards  each  end-  To  these 
are  tied  others  horizontally,  and  the  whole  is  thatch- 
ed over  with  leaves  of  sugar-cane.  The  door- way 
h  in  the  middle  of  otie  side,  formed  like  a  porch, 
and  so  low  and  narrow,  as  just  to  admit  a  man  to 
enter  upon  all  fours. 

The  gigantic  statues  are  not,  in  Captain  Cook's 
opinion,  looked  upon  as  idols  by  the  present  inhabi- 
tants, whatever  they  mrght  have  been  in  the  days  of 
the  Dutch ;  at  least,  he  saw  notliing  that  could  inr 
duce  him  to  think  so.  On  the  contrary,  he  rather 
supposes  that  they  are  burying-places  for  certain 
tribes  or  families. 

The  workmanship  is  rudp,  but  not  bad  ;  nor  are 
the  features  of  the  face  ill  foriT)<*d,  the  nose  and 
chin  in  particular ;  but  the  ears  are  long  beyond 
proportion ;  and,  as  to  the  bodies,  there  is  hardly 
anv  thing  like  a  human  figure  about  thtm. 

The  working^tools  of  these  people  are  but  very 
mean,  and  like  those  of  all  other  islanders  they  had 
visited  in  this  ocean,  made  of  ^tone,  bone,  shells,  &c 

After  leaving  piaster  Island,  they  steered  N-  W. 
by  N.  and  N.  N.  W.  with  a  fine  easterly  gale. 

Having  now  a  steady  settled  trade- wind,  and  plea^ 
sant  weathei ,  the  forge  was  ordered  to  be  set  up,  to 
repair  ^nd  Qiake  vsirious  necessary  articles  in  thQ 


252 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


iron  way ;  and  the  caulkers  had  already  been  somh) 
time  at  work,  caulkiut?  the  decks,  weather-works 
&c. 

:  On  the  7th  of  Apr|l  they  saw  an  isle,  which,  as  it 
Avas  a  new  discovery,  they  named  Hood's  Island,  af- 
ter the  young  gentleman  who  first  saw  it ;  the  second 
•was  that  of  St.  Pedro,  the  third.  La  Dominica ;  and 
the  fourth,  St.  Christina.  They  ranged  the  8.  E. 
coast  of  La  Dominica,  without  seeing  the  least  signs 
of  anchorage.  Some  canoes  put  off  from  these 
places,  and  followed  them  down  the  coast. 

At  length  having  come  before  the  port  they  were 
in  search  of,  they  anchored  in  thirty-four  fathoms 
-water,  and  a  fine  sandv  bottom.  This  was  no  soor 
cr  done,  than  about  thirty  or  forty  of  the  natives 
came  off  in  ten  or  twelve  canoes  ;  but  it  required 
tsome  address  to  get  them  along-side.  At  last  a 
hatchet,  and  some  spike-nails,  induced  the  people  in 
one  canoe  to  come  under  the  quarter  galley ;  aftev 
■which  all  the  others  put  along-side,  and  having  ex- 
changed some  bread-fruit,  and  fish,  for  small  nails, 
.&c.  retired  on  shore,  the  sun  being  alread''  set. 
They  observed  a  heap  of  stones  on  the  bow  ot  each 
canoe,  and  every  man  to  have  a  sling  tied  round  his 
hand.         •  >»^ 

Very  early  next  morning,  the  natives  visited 
them  again  in  much  greater  numbers  than  before; 
bringing  with  them  bread-fruit,  plantains,  and  one 
pig,  all  of  which  they  exchanged  for  nails,  he.  But 
in  this  traffic  they  would  frequently  keep  their 
goods  and  make  no  return,  till  at  last  the  Captain 
•was  obliged  to  fire  a  musket-ball  over  one  man  who 
had  several  times  served  them  in  this  manner; 
after  which  they  dealt  more  fairly,  and  soon  after 
several  of  them  came  on  board.  As  the  Captain 
•was  going  in  a  boat  to  look  for  a  more  convenient 
place  to  moor  Ihe  ship  in,  he  observed  too  many  of 
the  natives  on  board,  and  said  to  the  officers,**  You 
must  look  well  after  these  people,  or  they  will  cer- 
tainly carry  off  something  or  other.  '*  He  had  hard- 
ly  got  into  the  boat,  before  he  was  told  they  had 
^  $j:pIcQ  pne  of  the  j^n  stanchious  fcom  the  opposite 

■  In  •  •       •-   .      .  .  .  ,   -        ,  .  .•     •  ,  ■        ,  .  •    .         •  •  •  ,     , 


SECOND  VOYAGE. 


2ifS 


^ng-way,  and  were  nvaking  off  with  it.  He  order- 
ed them  to  fire  over  the  canoe  till  he  could  get  round 
ill  the  boat,  but  not  to  kill  any  one.  But  the  natives 
made  too  much  noise  for  hinn  to  be  heard,  and  the 
unhappy  thief  was  killed  at  the  third  shot.  Two 
others  in  the  same  canoe  leaped  over-board,  but  got 
in  again  just  as  he  came  to  them.  The  stanchion 
they  had  thrown  over-board.  One  of  them,  a  man 
grown,  sat  bailing  the  blxxl  and  water  out  of  the 
canoe,  in  a  kind  of  hysteric  laugh.  The  other,  a 
youth  about  fourteen  or  fifteen  years  of  age,  looked 
on  the  deceased  with  a  serious  and  dejected  counte- 
nance* I'hey  had  afterwards  reason  to  believe  he 
was  his  son. 

At  this  unhappy  accident,  all  the  natives  retired 
with  precipitation.     The   Captain  followed  them 
into  the  bay,  and  prevailed  upon  the  people  in  one 
canoe  to  come  along- side  the  boat,  and  receive  some 
nails,  and  other  things,  which  he  gave  them.    One 
would  have  thought  that  the  natives,  by  this  tmoe, 
would  have  been  so  sensible  of  the  effect  of  fire- 
arms, as  not  to  have  provoked  them  to  fire  Mp<)n  them 
any  more  ;  but  the  event  proved  ctherwise.     For 
the  boat  had  no  sooner  lett  the  kedge  anchor,  than 
two  men  in  the  canoe  put  off  from  the  shore,  took 
hold  of  the   buoy -rope,  and  attempted  to  drag  it 
ashore,  little  considering  wliat  was  fast  to  it.    Lest 
after  discovering  their  mistake,  they    should  take 
away  the  buoy,  the  Captain  ordered  a  musket  to 
lie  fired  at  them.    The  ball  fell  short,  and  they  took 
not  the  least  notice  of  it;  but  a  second  having  pas- 
sed over  them,  they  let  go  the  buoy,  and  made  for 
the  shore.    This  was  the  last  shot  they  had  occasion 
to  fire  at  any  of  them,  while  they  lay  at  this  place. 
It  probably  had  n-^ore  effect  than  killing  the  man,  by 
shewing  them  that  they  were  not  safe  at  any  dis- 
tance ;   nevertheless,   they   would   very    often   be 
exercising   their   talent    of  thieving,  which  they 
thought  proper  to  put  qp  with,  as  their  stay  was  not 
likely  to  be  long  annongst  them. 

On  the  10th,  early  in  the  morning,  some  people 
^rom  more  distant  parts  came  in  canoes  along-side. 


tm 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


-^* 


and  sold  them  some  pigs  ;  so  that  they  had^now  suffi- 
cient to  give  the  crew  a  fresh  meal.  They  were,  in 
general,  so  small,  that  forty  or  fifty  were  hardly 
sufficient  for  this  purpose.  After  dinner,  the  Cap- 
tain went  on  shore,  and  collected  eighteen  pigs. 
Next  morning  he  went  down  to  the  same  place 

^vhere  he  had  been  the  preceding  evening ;  but  in- 
stead of  getting  pigs,  as  he  expected,  found  the 
scene  quite  chs^n^td.  The  nails,  and  other  things 
they  were  mad  alter  but  the  evening  before,  they 
now  despised  ;  and  instead  of  them  wanted  they  did 
not  know  vhat ;  so  that  he  was  obliged  to  return 
"With  three  or  four  l^tt)**  pigs»  which  cost  more  than 
11  dozen  did  the  day  before.  The  reason  was,  several 

^«f  the  young  gentlemen  having  landed  the  preced- 
ing day,  had  given  away  in  exchange  various  articles 
iwhich  the  people  had  not  seen  befoi'e,  and  which 

:5^ook  with  them  more  than  nails  or  more  useful  iron 
tools.  But  what  ruined  their  market  the  most,  was 
eue  of  them  giving  for  a  pig  a  very  large  quantity 
of  red  feather?  he  had  got  at  Amsterdam*    Trade 

tbeing  thus  stopped,  the  Captain  prepared  to  leave 
this  place,  and  go  where  their  wants  might  be  ef- 
fectually relieved ;  for  after  having  been  nineteen 
creeks  at  sea,  and  living  ail  the  time  on  salt  diet, 
they  could  not  but  want  some  refreshm^jnts ;  yet 
they  had  not  one  sick  man  on  board,  owing  to  the 
many  antiscorbutic  articles  they  had,  and  to  the 
great  attention  of  the  surgeon,  who  was  remarkably 
careful  to  apply  them  in  tim^. 

Apr?l  the  11th,  at  three  o'clock  in  the  afternoon, 
they  weighed.  They  had  now  but  httie  wino,  and 
that  very  variable,  wicli  showers  of  rain. 

The  Marquesas,  which  they  had  just  left,  ^tere 
,  discovered  by  Mendana,  a  Spanirird,  and  from  him 

^obtained  the  general  name  they  now  bear.  They 
are  five  in  number,  viz.  La  Ma'gdalena,  St.  Pedro, 
La  Dominica,  Santa  Christina,  and  Hood's  Island, 
'•which  is  the  northernmost;  La  Dominica  is  the  larg- 
est, it  hath  an  unequal  breadth,  and  is  about  15 
«r  16  leagues  in  circuit.  It  is  full  of  rugged  hills,  ris- 
ing in  ridges  directly  from  the  sea ;  these  ridges  are 


/    . 


SECOND  VOYAGE. 


355 


disjoined  by  deep  valleys,  %vhich  are  clothed  with 
wood,  as  are  the  sides  of  some  of  the  hiils ;  tiie  aspect 
is,  however,  barren. 

The  inhabitants  of  these  islands,  collectively,  are 
without  exception  the  finest  race  of  people  in  thia 
sea.  For  fine  shape  and  regular  features,  they  per- 
haps surpass  all  other  nations-  Nevertheless,  the 
affinity  of  their  languag«  to  that  spoke  in  Otaheite 
and  the  Society  isles,  shew  that  they  are  of  the  same 
nation.  Oedidee  could  converse  with  them  tolerably 
well ;  and  it  was  easy  to  see  that  their  language 
was  nearly  the  same. 

Their  clothing  is  the  same  as  at  Otaheite,  and 
made  of  the  same  materials  ;  but  they  have  it  not 
in  sucl  plenty,  nor  is  it  so  good.     The  men,  for  the 
mo8t  part,  have  nothing  to  cover  their  nakedness^^t 
except  the  Marra^  as  it  is  called  at  Otaheite ;  which' 
is  a  slip  of  cloth  passed  round  the  waist  and  betwixt ! 
the  legs.     This  simple  dress  is  quite  sufficient  fori 
the  climate,  and  answers  every  purpose  modesty; 
requires.      The  dress  of  the  women  is  a  piece  o£. 
cloth  wrapped    round  the  loins  like  a   petticoat*; 
which  reaches  down  below  the  middle  of  the  leg, 
and  a  loose  mantle  over  their  shoulders.  ^ 

In  the  article  of  eating,  these  people  are,  by  rtj 
means,  so  cleanly  as  the  Otaheiteans.      They  are 
likewise  dirty  in  their  cookery.    Pork  and  fowls  are 
dressed  in  an  oven  of  hot  stones,  as  at  Otaheite  ;  but^ 
fruits  and  roots  they  roast  on  the  fire,  and  after  tak-^^ 
ing  off  the  rind  or  skin,  put  them  into  a  platter  ori 
trough  with  water,  out  of  which  both  men  and  hogS' 
eat  at  the  same  time.     The  Captain  says,  he  isaw  ^ 
them  make  a  batter  of  fruit  and  roots,  diluted  with^ 
water  in  a  vessel  that  was  loaded  with  dirt,  and  out  ^ 
of  which  the  hogs  had  been  but  that  moment  eating, 
without  giving  it  the  least  washing,  or  even  wash-*;, 
ing   their  hands,  which  were  equally   dirty;  and 
when  he  expressed  disUke  was  lauglied  at.  -, 

Hogs  are  the  only  quadruj^eds  they  saw  ;  and; 
cocks  and  hens  the  only  tame  fowls.  However,  the 
woods  seemed  to  abound  with  small  birds  of  a  very 
^eaatiful  plumage,  and  fine  notes  ;  but  th^  fear  of* 


Si56 


CAPTyVIN  COOK'S   . 


alarming  the  natives,  hindered  them  from*  shooting 
so  many  of.  them  as  might  otherwise  have  been 
done. 

With  a  fine  easterly  wind  they  steered  S.  W- 
S.  W.  by  W.  and  W.  by  S.  till  the  irth,  at  ten  o'clock 
in  the  morning,  when  land  was  seen  bearing  VV.half 
K.  which  upon  a  nearer  approach,  they  found  to  be 
a  string  of  low  islots,  connected  together  by  a  reef  of 
coral  rocks. 

As  they  steered  along  the  coast,  the  natives  ap- 
peared in  several  places,  armed  with  long  spears 
and  clubs,  and  some  were  got  together  on  oijc  side 
of  the  creek.    The  Captain  sent  two  boats  well 
armed  ashore,  under  the  command  of  Lieutenant 
Cooper,  with  a  view  of  having  some  intercourse 
"With  them,  and  to  give  Mr.  Forster  an  opportunity 
of  collecting  something  in  his  way.   They  saw  them 
land  without  the  least  opposition*     Some  little  time 
after*  observing  40  or^50  natives,  all  armed,  coming 
towards  the  boats,  they  stood  close  in  shore,  in  order 
to  be  ready  to  support  their  people  in  case  of  au  at- 
tack.   But  nothing  ot  this  kind  happened  ;  and  soon 
9itev  the  boats  returned  aboard,  when  Mr.  Cooper 
^informed  the   Captain  that,  on  his  landing,  only  a 
fiew  of  the  natives  met  him  on  the  beach,  but  there 
•were  many  in  the  skirts  of  the  woods,  with  spears 
in  their  hands.     The  presents  he  made  them  were 
areceivcd  with  great  coolness,  which  plainly  shewed 
they    w^re    unwelcome    visitors.      They  brought 
aboard  ftve  dogs,  which  seemed  to  be  in  plenty  there. 
They  saw  no  fruit  bat  cocoa-nuts,  of  which  they 
j;ot  by  exchanges,  two  dozen-     One  of  the  sailors 
j;ot  a  dog  for  a  single  plantain,  which  led  them  to 
conjecture  they  had  none  of  this  fruit. 

This  island,  which  is  called  by  the  inhabitant* 
Tiookea,  was  discovered  and  visited  by  Commodore 
Byron.  It  has  someth'uig  of  au  oval  shape,  and  is 
a^out  ten  leagiies  in  circuit. 

On  the  18th,  at  day-break,  after  having  spent  the 
night  making  short  boards,  they  wore  down  to  ano- 
tbi:r  isle  they  had  in  sight  to  the  westward,  which 
tj^ty  reached  by  eight  o'ckck,  and  ranged  the  S-  £' 


s  »•: 


SECOND  VOYAGE* 


:^Af^ 


h 


bitant* 
nodore 
and  is 

ent  the 
to  ano- 
which 

■ueSE' 


25? 


,i 


side  at  one  mile  from  shore.  These  must  be  tho  % 
same  islands  to  which  Commodore  byron  gave  the  " 
name  of  George's  Islands. 

It  cannot  be  determined  with  any  degree  of  ccr* 
uUty  whether  this  group  of  isles  be  any  of  tholse  dis-^ 
covered  by  the  Dutch  navigators,  or  no ;  this  part 
of  the  ocean  is  so  strewed  with  those  low  isles,  that 
a  navigator  cannot  proceed  with  too  much  caution. 
They  made  the  high  land  of  Otaheite  on  the  21st 
{of  April,  and  at  eight  o'clock  the  next  morning  an*^ 
ichored  in  Matavai  Bay  in  seven  fathoms  water* 
This  was  no  sooner  known  to  the  natives  than  many* 
of  them  made  them  a  visits  and  expressed  not  a  lit« 
[tie  joy  at  seeing  them  again^ 

On  the  24th,  Otoo  the  King,  and  several  other 
[Chiefs,  with  a  train  of  attendants,  paid  them  a  v;sit« 
and  brought  them  as  presents  ten  or  a  dozen  large 
hogs,  besides  fruits^  which  mad-  them  exceedingly 
welcome.  The  C  aptain  was  advertised  of  the  King's 
coming,  and  looked  upon  it  as  a  good  omen.  Know-* 
lini;  how  much  it  was  bis  interest  to  make  this  man 
lis  friend,  he  met  him  at  the  tents,  and  Conducted 
Ihim  and  his  friends  on  board,  where  they  stayed  to 
Idinner,  after  which  they  were  dismissed  with  suita* 
[bie  presents,  and  highly  pleased  with  the  reception 
they  had  met  with. 

They  now  found  these   people  were  building  a 

[great  number  of  large  canoes,  and  houses  of  every 

Litid ;  people  living  in  spacious  habitations,  vvhohad 

[not  a  place  to  shelter  themselves  in  eight  months 

")efore  ;  several  large  hogs  about  every  house ;  and 

5 very  other  sii^u  of  a  rising  state. 

Judging  irom  these  favourable  circumstances  that 

they  sh>  ;Id  not  mend  themselves  by  removing  to 

^nether  island,  the*  Captain  resolved  to  make  a 

ion>;er  stay,  a  ad  begin  with  the  repairs  of  the  ship 

iQd  stores,  8cc.  x: 

In  the  ..lorning  of  the  SOtii,  the   Captain  went 

Wn  to  Oparree,  accompanied  by  some  of  the  offi- 

-fTs,  and  gentlemen,  to  pay  Otoo  a  visit    As  they 

^rew  near,  they  observed  a  number  of  large  canoes 

niotlon ;  but  were  surprised,  when  they  arrived, 

VOL.  I.  Y 


r 


^■ 


%, 


2^$ 


CAPTAIN  COOK'^ 


•'     ■••s 


to  see  upwards  gf  three  hundred  ranged  inordef 
for  some  distance,  along  the  shore,  all  completely 
equipped  and  manned,  besides  a  vast  number  of 
armed  men  upon  the  shore.  So  unexpected  an 
armament  collected  together  in  their  neighbourhoo^J, 
in  the  space  of  one  night,  gave  rise  to  various  con- 
jectures. 

The  vessels  of  war  consisted  of  160  large  double 
canoes,  very  well  equipped,  manned,  and  aymed. 
The  Chiefs,  and  all  those  on  the  fighting  stages^ 
•were  dressed  in  their  war  habits ;  tnat  is,  in  vast 
quantity  of  cloth,  turbans,  breast-plates,  and  hel- 
mets* Some  of  the  latter  were  of  such  a  length  as 
greatly  to  encumber  the  wearer.  Indeed,  their 
whole  dress  seemed  to  be  ill  calculated  for  the  day 
of  battle,  and  tobedcsigi.ed  inorefor  shew  than  use- 
Be  this  as  it  may,  it  certainly  added  grandeur  to 
the  prospect,  as  they  were  so  complaisant  as  to  shew 
themselves  to  the  best  advantage.  The  vessels  wen; 
decorated  with  flags,  streamers,  &c.  so  that  the 
whole  made  a  g^vand  and  noble  appearance,  such  as 
they  had  never  seen  before  in  this  sea,  and  what  no 
one  would  have  expected-  Their  instruments  of 
•war  were  clubs,  spears,  and  stones-  The  vessels 
•were  ranged  close  along-side  of  each  other,  with 
their  heads  ashore  and  their  stern  to  the  sea ;  the 
Admiral's  vessel  being  nearly  in  the  Centre.  Be- 
sides the  vessels  of  war,  there  were  an  hundred  and 
seventy  sail  of  smaller  double  canoesv  all  with  a 
Jittle  house  upon  them,  and  rigged  with  a  mastaiid 
eail,  which  the  war  canoes  had  not-  These  were 
designed  for  transports,  victuallers,  &g.  for  in  ttie 
war  canoes  was  no  sort  of  provisions  whatever.  I" 
these  three  hundred  and  Mvty  vessels  there  were 
no  less  than  seven  thousand  seven  hundred  an^ 
sixty  menV; 

Tupia  informed  therti,  when  they  were  first  here 
that  the  whole  island  raised  only  between  six  aw 
seven  thousand  men ;  but  they  now  saw  two  districts 
only  raise  that  number ;  so  that  he  must  have  taken 
his  account  from  .some  old  establishment ;  else  he 
oiaJy  meant  Tatatom,  that  is,  warriors,  ormentrami 


SECOND  VOYAGE. 


■^ 


259 


t^hom  their  infancy  to  arms,  and  did  not  include 
the  rowers,  and  those  necessary  to  nSvigate  the 
other  vessels. 

/  While  they  were  viewing  this  fleet.  Tee  came 
and  whispered  them  in  the  ear,  that  Otoo  was  c;oRe   ' 
to  Matavai,  advising  them  to  return  thither.    I'hey 
accordingly  proceeded  for  the  ship. 

They  had  not  been  long  gone  from  Oparree,  be- 
fore the  whole  fleet  was  in  motion,  to  the  westward, 
whence  it  came.  When  they  got  to  Matavai,  they 
were  told  that  this  fleet  was  part  of  the  arm  anient 
intended  to  go  against  Eimea,  whose  Chief  had 
thrown  off  the  yoke  of  Otaheite,  and  assumed  an  in- 
dependency. They  were  likewise  informed  that 
Otoo  neither  was  nor  had  been  at  Matavai ;  so  that 
they  were  still  at  ?i  loss  to  know  why  he  fled  from 
Oparree.  This  occasioned  another  tfip  thither  in 
the  afternoon,  where  they  found  him,  and  now  un- 
derstood that  the  reason  of  his  not  seeing  them  iq  , 
the  morning  was,  that  some  of  his  people  having 
stolen  a  quantity  of  their  clothes,  which  were  on 
shore  washing,  he  was  afraid  tht  Captain  should  de- 
mand restitution.  He  repeatedly  asked  him  if  he 
was  not  angry  ;  and  when  he  assured  him  that  he 
was  not,  and  that  they  might  keep  what  they  had 
got,  he  was  satisfied. 

In  the  morning  of  the  27th  of  April,  the  Captain 
received  a  present  from  Towha,  consisting  of  two 
large  hogs  and  some  fruit,  sent  by  two  of  his  ser- 
vants, who  had  orders  not  to  receive  anything  in 
return ;  nor  would  they  when  oft'ered  them.  Soon 
after,  he  went  down  to  Oparree  in  his  boat,  where, 
having  found  both  this  Chief  and  the  King,  after  a«r. 
short  stay,  he  brought  them  both  on  board  to  dinner, 
together  with  Tarevatoo,  the  King's  younger  bro- 
ther, and  Tee.  As  soon  as  they  drew  near  the  ship,-", 
the  Admiral,  who  had  never  seen  one  before,  began 
to  express  much  surprise  at  so  new  a  sight.  He  was 
conducted  all  over  the  ship,  every  part  of  which  he 
viewed  with  great  attention-  On  this  occasion  Otoo 
^vas  the  principal  shew-man  ;  for,  '>y  this  time,  he 
m^  well  acquainted  with  the  different  parts  of  the 


J^ 


>   1 
/ 


260 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


»^ 


* 


ship.  After  dinner  Towha  put  a  hog  on  board,  and 
retired,  without  the  Captain's  knowing  any  thing  ot' 
the  matter,  or  having  made  hin.  any  return,  either 
for  this,  or  the  present  he  had  in  the  morning.  Soon 
after,  the  King  and  hi^  attendaiits  went  away  also. 
Both  these  Chiefs,  when  on  board,  solicited  him  to 
:|ssist  tliem  against  Tiarabou,  but  to  their  solicita* 
tions  he  gave  no  encouragement. 

On  the  28th  one  of  the  natives  attempting  to  steal 
a  water-cask  from  the  watering-place,  he  was  caught 
in  the  act,  sent  on  board,  and  put  in  irons ;  in  which 
situation  Otoo  add  the  other  Chiefs  saw  him*    Hav- 
ing made  known  his  crime  to  them,  Otoo  begged  he 
might  be  set  at  liberty.     This  the  Captain  refused, 
telling  him,  that  since  he  punished  his  people,  ^hen 
they  committed  the  least  ofTence  against  the  natives, 
it  was  but  just  this  man  should  be  punished  also ;  anij 
as  he  knew  he  would  lot  do  it,  ne  was  resolved  to 
do  it  himself.     Accordingly,  he  ordered  the  man  to  { 
be  carried  on  shore  to  the  tents,  and  having  follow- 
ed, Aith  Otoo,  Towha,  and  others,  he  ordered  the 
guard  out,  under  arms,  and  the  man  to  be  tied  up  to  I 
a  post.    Otoo,  his  sister,  and  some  others,  begged 
hard  for  him  ;  Towha  said  not  one  word,  but  was 
ver\  attentive  to  every  thing  going  forward.  .  Tbe| 
Captain  expostulated  with  Otoo  on  the  conduct  of 
this  man,  and  of  his  people  in  general ;  telling  him, 
that  neither  he,  nor  any  of  his  people,  took  anything 
from  them,  without  first  paying  for  it ;  enumt  rating 
the  articles  they  gave  in  exchange  for  such  audsuch 
things,  and  urging  that  it  was  wrong  in  them  to  steal  j 
from  those  who  were  their  friends.    He  moreover  j 
told  him,  that  the  punishing  this  man  would  be  the| 
means  of  saving  the  hves  of  others  of  his  people, 
by  deterring  them  from  committing  crimes  ot  this  I 
nature.     With  these  and  other  arguments,  which 
he  pretty  well  understood,  he  seemed  satisfied,  am 
only  desired  the  man  might  not  be  Matiercu  M 
killed.)  The  Captain  then  ordered  the  crowd,  which 
was  verv  great,  to  be  kept  at  a  proper  distance,  and 
in  the  presence  of  them  all,  ordered  the  felU  ^  t^o 
4ozen  of  lashes  with  a  cat-pf-ninC'^taiK  wbir^h  W 


s^'T?      W  51  ■ 


**!* 


4'^  > 


SECOND  VOYAGE. 


"261 


bore  with  great  firmness,  and  was  theri  set  at  liber- 
ty. After  this  the  natives  were  gou.g  away;  but 
Towha  stepped  forth,  called  them  back,  and  ha- 
rangutd  them  for  near  half  an  hour-  His  speech 
consisted  of  short  sentences,  which  were  not  well 
understood;  but  from  what  they  could  gather,  he 
recapitulated  part  of  what  he  had  said  to  Otoo, 
named  several  advantages  they  had  received  fronx 
thg  Captain,  condemned  their  presfint  conduct,  and 
recommended  a  different  one  for  the  future.  The 
gracefulness  of  his  action,  and  the  attention  with 
which  he  was  heard,  bespoke  him  a  great  orator. 

Otoo  said  n6t  one  word.  As  soon  as  Towha  had 
ended  his  speech,  the  Captain  oixlered  the  marines 
logo  through  their  exercise,  and  to  load  and  fireirt 
volleys  with  ball ;  and  as  they  were  very  quick  in 
their  manoeuvres,  it  is  easier  lo  conceive  than  to  de- 
scribe the  amazement  the  natives  were  under  the 
whole  time,  especially  those  who  had  not^^^leen  any* 
thing  of  the  kind  before.  :  „'■  ' 

This  being  over>  the  Chiefs  took  le^i?€f:^nd  retir- 
ed witli  all  their  attendants,  scarcely  viv^o  pleased 
than  frightened  at  what  they  had  seen.    -^  • 

They  had  a  very  great  supply  of  provisions,  sent 
and  brought  by  different  Chiets,  on  the  Jst  of  May  ; 
and  the  next  day  received  a  present  from  Towha, 
sent  by  his  servants,  consisting  of  a  hog,  and  a  boat 
load  of  various  sorts  of  fruits  and  roots.  The  like 
present  they  also  had  from  Otoo,  brought  by  Tare* 
vatoo,  who  stayed  to  dinner^ 

On  going  ashore  in  the  morning  of  the  Tth*  they 
found  Otoo  at  the  tents,  and  took  the  opportunity  to 
ask  his  leave  to  cut  down  some  trees  for  fuel,  which 
he  readily  granted.  The  Captain  told  him  he 
should  cut  down  no  trees  that  borq  any  fruit.  He 
^vas  pleased  with  n>.is  declaration,  and  told  it  aloud 
several  times  to  the  people  about  them. 

During  the  night,  between  the  7th  and  8th,  some 
time  in  the  middle  watch,  all  their  friendly  conncx^ 
ionsreceived  an  interruption,  through  the  negligence 
of  one  of  the  sentinels  on  shore.  He  having  either 
slept  or  quit^qi  his  post,  gave  one  of  the  nativtjs  ai^ 


* 


t* 


%' 


^#» 


.*f 


S63 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S- 


H 


% 


^ 


■opportunity  to  carry  off  his  musket.    The  first  ntw% 
the  Captain  heard  of  it  was  from  Tee,  whom  Otco 
had  sent  ou  board  for  that  purpose,  and  u>  dehire 
that  he  would  go  to  him,  for  that  he  was  fnatooutd. 
They  were  not  well  enough  ucquainted  with  their  I 
language  to  understand  all  Tec  s  8tory  ;  but  the/ 
understood  enough  to  know  that  something  had  hap-' 
pened  which  had   alarmed    the  king.    In  ordtr, 
therefore,  to  be  fully  informed,  the  Captain  went 
ai-^hore  v\ith  Tee  and  Tarevatoo,  wbc  had  slept  tn 
board  all  night.    As  soon  as  they  landed,  he  was  in- 
formed of  the  whole  by  the  serjeaot  who  command* 
cd  the  party.    The  natives  were  all  alarmed,  and 
the  niObt  of  them  fiedt     1  ee  and  the  Captain  went 
to  look  fqr  Otoo ;  and  as  they  advanced,  he  endea- 
voured to  allay  the  fears  of  the  people,  but  at  the 
same  time  insisted  on  the  musket  oeing  restored, 
After  travelling  some  distance  into  the  co -ntry,  in- 
quiring of  every  one  they  .^aw  for  Otoo,  Tee  stopped 
all  at  once,  and  advised  the  Captain  to  return,  say- 
ing, that  Otoo  was  gone  to  the  mountains,  and  he 
would  proceed  and  tell  him  that  he  (the  Captain) 
was  still  his  friend.    Tee  also  promised  that  he 
would  use  his  endeavours  to  recover  the  musket, 

The  Captain  returned  to  the  ship,  and  soon  aftef 
}ie  observed  six  large  canoes  coming  round  Point 
Venus.  Some  people  whom  he  had  sent  out  to 
waich  the  conduct  of  the  neighbouring  inhabitantstt 
infor«>»ed  him,  they  were  laden  with  baggage, fruit, 
hogs,  He  There  being  room  for  suspecting  that 
some  person  belonging  to  these  canoes  had  commit- 
ted the  theft,  Y\e  came  to  a  resolution  to  intercept 
them  'p  and  having  put  off  in  a  boat  fpr  that  purpose, 
gave  orders  f^r  another  to  follow.  One  of  the  ca* 
noes,  which  was  some  distancte  ahe^d  of  the  rest, 
came  directly  for  the  shipt  He  went  along-side 
this,  and  found  ^wo  or  three  women  in  her  whom  he 
ktiew.  They  told  him  they  were  going  on  board  the 
ship  vvith  something  for  him;  and  en  inquiring 
pf  them  for  Otoo,  was  told  he  was  then  at  the  tents, 
pleased  with  this  news,  he  contradicted  the  orders 

t  to  \^<i  (;iv^a  t^  interceptiDg  the  oAer  c^woesi 


■■ 


SECOKD  VOYAGE. 


S«S 


thinking  they  mij^ht  be  coming  on  board  also  as  well 
as  this  one,  whicli  he  left  within  a  few  yards  of  the 
ship,  and  rowed  ashore  to  speak  with  Otoe.  But 
when  he  landed  he  was  told  that  he  had  not  been 
thei*e,  nor  knew  they  any  thing  ot  him.  On  looking 
behind  him,  he  saw  all  the  canoes  making  off  in  the 
greatest  haste  ;  even  the  one  he  had  left  along-side 
the  ship  had  evaded  going  on  board,  and  was  mak- 
ing her  escape.  Vexed  at  being  thus  outwitted,  he 
rtaolved  to  pursue  them  ;  and  as  he  passed  the  ship, 
gave  orders  to  send  another  boat  for  the  same  pur- 
pose. Five  out  of  six  they  took  and  brought  alone- 
side  ;  but  the  first,  which  acted  the  finesse  so  well, 
got  clear  off.  When  they  got  on  board  with  their 
prizei,  he  learnt  tliat  the  people,  who  had  deceived 
him,  used  no  endeavours  to  lay  held  of  the  ship  on 
the  side  they  were  upon,  but  let  their  canoe  drop 
past,  as  if  they  meant  to  come  under  the  stem,  or 
on  the  other  side ;  and  that  the  moment  they  wdire 
past,  they  paddled  off  with  all  speed.  Thus  #e 
canoe,  in  which  were  only  a  few  women,  was  to  have 
amused  them  with  false  stories,  as  they  actually  did, 
while  the  others,  in  which  were  most  of  the  effects, 
got  off. 

In  one  of  the  canoes  they  had  taken,  was  a  ChieG 
a  friend  of  Mr.  Forster's,  who  had  hitherto  called 
himself  an  Jiaree,  and  would  have  been  much  of- 
fended if  any  one  had  called  his  title  in  question  ; 
also  three  women,  his  wife  and  daughter,  and  the 
mother  of  the  late  Toutaha,  These,  together  with 
the  canoes,  the  Captain  resolved  to  detain,  and  to 
send  the  Chief  to  Otoo,  thinking  he  would  have 
M'eight  enough  with  him  to  obtain  the  return  of  the 
musket,  as  his  own  property  was  at  stake. 

In  the  dusk  of  the  evening  it  was  brought  to  the 
tents,  together  with  some  other  things  they  had  lost, 
which  they  knew  nothing  of,  by  three  men  who  had 
pursued  the  thief,  and  taken  them  from  him.  The 
Captain  knew  not  if  they  took  this  trouble  of  their 
own  accord,  or  by  order  of  Otoo-  He  rewarded 
tUem,  and  made  nofarther  inquiry  about  it         .   - 

Wbea  tbe  musket  and  other  things  were  brought 


^; 


1264 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


iMt 


in»  every  one  then  present,  or  who  came  after,  pre* 
tended  tohnve  had  some  hand  in  recovering  them, and 
clahned  a  reward  accordingly.  But  there  was  no 
one  acted  this  farce  so  well  as  Nuno,  a  roan  of  some 
note,  and  well  known  to  the  Captain  wiien  he  was 
here  in  1769.  This  man  came,  with  all  the  savage 
fury  imaj^inable  in  his  countenance,  and  a  large  club 
in  his  hand,  with  whicli  he  beat  about  him,  in  order 
to  shew  how  he  alone  had  killed  the  thiet ;  when,  at 
the  same  time,  they  all  knew  he  had  not  been  out  of 
his  house  the  whole  time^ 

Things  were  now  once  more  restored  to  their  for- 
mer state  ;  and  Otoo  promised  on  his  part,  that,  the 
next  day,  tliey  should  be  supplied  with  fruit,  &c.as 
;  usucd. 

They  then  returned  with  him  to  his  proper  resi- 
dence at  Oparree,  and  thf»re  took  a  view  of  some  of 
his  dock-yards  (for  such  ley  well  deserved  to  be 
cabled)  and  large  canoes;  some  lately  built,  and 
otters  building  ;  two  of  which  were  the  largest  they 
had  ever  seen  in  this  sea ;  or,  indeed,  any  where 
else,  under  that  name.  They  now  returned  to  the 
'  «hip. 

Otoo  desiring  to  see  some  of  the  great  guns  fire 
from  the  ship,  the  Captain  ordered  twelve  to  be 
shotted  and  tired  toward  the  sea.  As  he  had  never 
>een  a  cannon  fired  before,  the  sight  gave  him  as 
much  pain  as  pleasure.  In  the  evening,  they  en- 
tertained him  with  fireworks,  which  gave  him  great 
satislaction.    Thus  ended  all  their  dinerences* 

As  the  most  essential  repairs  of  the  ship  were 
nearly  finished,  it  was  resolved  to  leave  Otaheite  in 
a  few  days;  the  Captain  accordingly  ordered  eveigf 
thing  to  be  got  off  from  the  shore,  that  the  natives 
might  see  they  were  about  to  depart. 

On  the  12th,  old  Oberea,  the  woman  who,  when 
the  Dolphin  was  here  in  1767,  was  thought  to  be 
Queen  of  the  island,  and  whom  they  had  not  seen 
smce  1769,  paid  them  a  visit,  and  brought  a  present 
of  hogs  and  fruit.  Soon  after  came  Otoo  with  great 
retinue,  and  a  large  quantity  of  provisions-    The 

Captain  w^s  pretty  liberalin  his  returos,  thinking  it 


«p 


SECOND  VOYAGE. 


"   <^ 


^H^ 


might  be  the  last  time  he  should  see  these  good  peo* 
pie,  who  had  so  liberally  relieved  their  wants  ;  and, 
in  the  evening,  entertained  them  with  fireworks. 

0(1  the  14th  they  saw  a  number  of  war  canoes 
coining  round  the  point  of  Oparree*  Being  desirous 
of  having  a  nearer  view  of  them,  accompanied  by 
many  officers  and  gentlemen,  they  hastened  down 
to  Oparree,  which  they  reached  before  all  the  ca- 
noes wei  e  landed,  and  had  an  opportunity  of  seeing 
iu  what  manner  they  approached  the  shore.  When 
they  got  before  the  place  where  they  intended  to 
land,  they  formed  themselves  into  divisions,  consist- 
ing^ of  three  or  four,  or  more,  lashed  square  and  close 
along-side  of  each  other  ;  and  then  each  division, 
one  after  the  other,  paddled  in  for  the  shore  with 
all  their  might,  and  conducted  in  so  judicious  a  man* 
ner,  that  they  formed,  and  closed  a  line,  along  the 
shore,  to  an  inch.  The  rowers  were  encouraged  to 
exert  their  strength  by  their  leaders  on  the  stages, 
and  directed  by  a  man  who  stood  with  a  wand  in  his 
hand  in  the  fore-part  of  the  middlemost  vessel.  This 
marj,  by  words  and  actions,  directed  the  paddlers 
when  all  should  jjaddle,  when  either  the  one  side  op 
the  other  should  cease,  &c.  for  the  steering  paddles 
alone  were  not  sufficient  to  direct  them.  All  these 
motions  were  observed  with  such  quickness  as  clear- 
ly shewed  them  to  be  expert  in  their  business.  Otoo» 
who  was  present,  caused  some  of  their  troops  to  go 
through  their  exercise  on  shore.  Two  parties  first 
began  with  clubs,  but  this  was  over  almost  as  soon 
as  begun  ;  so  that  they  had  no  time  to  make  obser- 
vations. They  then  went  to  single  combat,  and  ex- 
hibited the  various  methods  of  fighting  with  great 
alertness ;  parrying  off  the  blows  and  pushes,  which 
each  combatant  aimed  at  the  other,  with  great  dex- 
terity. Their  arms  were  clubs  and  spears ;  the 
latter  they  also  use  as  darts.  In  fighting  with 
the  club,  all  blows  intended  to  be  given  the  legs 
were  evaded  by  leaping  over  it;  and  those  in- 
tended for  the  head,  by  couching  a  little,  and  leap- 
ing on  one  side ;  thus  th^  blow  would  fall  to  tUo 
ground* 


?5 


y. 


.,«. 


*•• 


1206 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


I  ' 


Their  treatment  at  this  isle  was  such  as  had  in- 
duced one  of  the  guniirr's  mates  to  form  a  plan  to 
remain  at  it.  He  knew  he  could  not  execute  it  with 
9|iccess  while  he  lay  in  the  bay,  therefore  he  took 
the  opportunity,  as  soon  as  they  were  out,  the  boats 
in,  and  sails  set,  to  slip  overboard,  being  a  good 
swimmer.  But  he  was  discovered  before  he  got 
clear  of  the  ship  ;  and  they  presently  hoisted  a  boat 
out,  and  took  him  up.  A  canoe  was  observc.l,  about 
half  way  between  the  boat  and  the  shore,  seemingly 
coming  after  them.  She  was  intended  to  take  him 
up  ;  but  as  soon  as  Uie  people  in  her  saw  the  boat, 
they  kept  at  a  distance.  This  was  a  pre-concerted 
plan  between  the  man  and  them,  which  Otoo  was 
acquainted  with,  and  had  encouraged.  He  was  an 
Irishman  by  birth,  and  had  sailed  in  the  Dutch  ser- 
vice. The  Captain  picked  him  up  at  Batavia  on 
his  return  fn^m  his  former  voyage*  and  he  had  been 
with  him  ever  since.  He  never  learnt  that  he  had 
either  friends  or  connexions,  to  confine  him  to  any 
particular  part  of  the  world.  All  nations  were  alike 
to  him.'  Where  then  could  such  a  man  be  more  hap- 
py than  at  one  of  these  isles  ?  where,  in  one  of  the 
finest  climates  in  the  world,  he  could  enjoy  not  only 
the  necessaries,  but  the  luxuries  of  life,  in  ease  and 
plenty. 

Tne  two  Croats  which  Captain  Furneaux  gave  to 
Otoo  when  they  were  last  here,  seemed  to  prowuse 
fair  for  answering  the  end  for  which  they  were  put 
on  shore.  The  ewe  soon  after  had  two  female  kids, 
which  were  now  so  far  grown  as  to  be  nearly  ready 
to  propagate  ;  and  the  old  ewe  was  again  with  kid. 
The  people  seemed  to  be  very  fond  of  them,  and, 
they  to  like  their  situation  as  well ;  for  they  vv  ere  in 
excellent  condition.  From  this  circumstance  it  may 
be  hoped  that,  in  a  few  years,  they  will  have  some 
to  spare  to  their  neighbours  ;  and,  by  that  means, 
they  may  in  time  spread  over  all  the  isles  in  this 
ocean.  The  sU^ep  which  they  left,  died  soon  after, 
excepting  one,  which  they  understood  was  yet  alive 
They  have  also  furnished  them,  with  a  stock  of  cats; 
lijoless  than  twenty  having  been  given  away  at  Uiis  ible^ 


'^' 


•^ 


SECOND  VOYAGE. 


267 


At  one  o^clock  in  the  afternoon  on  the  15th  of 
May,  they  anchored  in  llie  north  entrance  of 
O'Wharre  Harbour,  in  the  island  of  Huaheine ; 
hoisted  out  the  boasts,  warped  into  a  proper  birth, 
and  moored. 

Oree,  the  Chief,  brought  a  hog  and  other  articles 
to  the  Captain,  who  in  return  invited  him  and  his 
friends  to  dinner.  Next  day  Mn  Forster  and  his 
parly  being  out  in  the  country  botanizing,  his  ser- 
vant, a  feeble  man,  was  beset  by  five  or  six  fellows, 
who  would  have  stripped  him,  if,  that  moment,  one 
of  the  party  had  not  come  to  his  assistance  ;  after 
which  they  made  oft*  with  a  hatchet  they  had  got 
from  him. 

On  the  l^th  the  Captain  went  ashore  to  look  for  the 
Chief,  in  order  to  complain  of  the  outrai^e  com- 
mitted as  above  ;  but  he  was  not  in  the  neighbour- 
hood. Being  ashore  in  the  afternoon,  a  person  came 
and  told  him  Oree  wanted  to  see  him.  He  went  with 
the  man,  and  was  conducted  to  a  large  house,  where 
thcChiet^  and  several  other  persons  of  note,  were 
assembled  in  council,  as  well  as  he  could  understand. 
After  he  was  seated,  the  Chief  began  to  assure  him, 
that  neither  he,  nor  any  one  present  (which  were 
the  principal  chiefs  in  the  neighbourhood)  had  any 
hand  in  it ;  and  desired  him  to  kill  with  the  f/.ins 
all  those  who  had.  The  Captain  knew  fair  means 
would  never  make  them  deliver  them  up;  and  he 
had  no  intention  to  try  others.  So  the  affair  dropt, 
and  the  council  broke  up. 

In  the  evenings  some  of  the  gentlemen  went  to  a 
dramatic  entertainment.  The  piece  represented  a 
girl  as  running  away  with  them  from  Otah^lte ; 
which  was  in  some  degree  true  ;  as  a  youn.j;  wouian 
had  taken  a  passage  with  them  down  toUlietea,  and 
happened  now  to  be  present  at  the  representation  of 
her  own  adventures ;  which  had  such  an  efftct  upon 
her,  that  it  was  with  great  difficulty  the  gentlemen 
could  prevail  upon  h^r  to  see  the  play  out,  or  to  re- 
frain from  tears  while  it  was  actinir. 

Some  of  the  petty  officers  who  had  leave  to  go  into 
the  country  for  their  amusement,  took  two  of  the 
natives  with  them  to  be  their  guides,  and  t^  carry 


■V 


f 


^6d 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


"T^^^f^^W^ 


T 


their  ba^,  containing  nails,  hatchets,  &:c.  the  car- 
i-ent  cash  they  traded  with  here  ;  which  the  tellows 
made  off  with  in  the  following  artfj»l  manner  The 
gentleme»*  had  with  them  two  muskets  for  shooting 
birds-  After  a  shower  of  rain,  their  guides  pointed 
out  some  for  them  to  shoot.  One  of  the  muskets 
having  missed  fire  several  times,  and  the  other  hav- 
ing gone  off,  the  instant  the  fellows  saw  themselves 
,  secure  from  both,  they  ran  away,  leaving  the  gentle- 
men gazing  after  them  with  so  much  surprise,  that 
no  one  had  presence  of  mind  to  pursue  them. 

The  23d,  wind  easterly,  as  it  had  been  ever  since 
they  left  Otaheite.  Early  in  the  morning  they  un- 
moored, and  at  eight  weighed  and  put  to  sea.  Oree, 
the  Chief,  was  the  last  man  who  went  6ut  of  the 
ship.  At  parting,  the  Captain  told  him  they  should 
see  each  other  no  more,  at  which  he  wept  and  said, 
•*  Let  your  sons  c  :)me,  we  will  treat  them  well." 
Oree  is  a  good  man  in  the  utmost  sense  of  the  word; 
but  many  of  the  people  are  far  from  being  of  that  dis- 
position, and  seem  to  take  advantage  of  his  old  age. 

During  their  stay  here  they  got  bread-tmit,  and 
cocoa-nuts  in  abundance,  hut  not  hogs  enough  ;  and 
yet  it  did  not  appear  that  they  were  scarce  in  the 
isle.  It  must,  however,  be  allowed,  that  th-^  num- 
ber they  took  away,  when  last  here,  must  have  thin- 
ned them  greatly,  and,  at  the  same  time,  stocked  the 
lole  with  our  articles.  Besides,they  now  wanted  a  pro- 
per asortment  of  trade,  what  they  had  being  nearly 
exhausted,  and  the  few  remaining  red  feathers  being 
here  but  of  little  value,  when  compared  to  the  es- 
timation they  atand  in  at  Otaheite.  This  obliged  the 
Captain  to  set  the  smiths  to  work  to  make  different 
sorts  of  i:on  to«jls,  nails,  &c.  in  order  to  enable  them 
to  procure  refreshments  at  the  other  isles,  and  to  siup- 
port  their  ci'cdit  and  influence  among  the  natives. 

As  soon  as  thty  were  clear  off  the  harbour,  they 
made  sail,  afid  stood  over  for  the  south  end  of  Ulie- 
tea,  where  they  dropt  anchor  the  next  day. 

O^  tlie  25th  a  party  went  ashore  to  pay  the  Chief 
a  visit,  and  make  the  customary  prese^it.  At  thtir 
first  eatering  his  house,  they  were  met  by  four  or 


'^ 


SECOND  VOYAGE. 


269 


£ve  old  women,  weeping  and  lamenting,  as  it  were/  * 
most  bitterly,  and  at  the  same  time  cutting  their 
heads  with  instruments  made  of  sharks' teeth,  till 
the  blood  ran  plentifuily  down  their  faces  and  on 
thfir  shoulders.    What  was  still  worse,  they  were 
obliged  to  submit  to  the  embraces  of  these  old  hags, 
and  by  that  means  were  all  besmeared  with  blood. 
This  ceremony  (for  it  was  merely  such)  being  over, 
they  went  out,  washed  themselves,  and  immediate- 
ly after  appeared  as  cheerful  as  any  of  the  company, 
Tlie  Captain  made  his  presents,  and  after  some  lit- 
tle stay,  returned  on  board.  „: 
On  the  27th  they  were  enter :  .ined  with  aplay,  csiU 
tfiMididij  Harramij,  whichsignifiesthe  C/tHdia  com- 
ing> — It  concluded  witli  the  representation  of  a  wo- 
man in  labour,  acted  by  a  set  ot  great  brawny  fel- 
lows, one  of  whom  at  last  brought  forth  a  strapping 
boy,  about  six  feet  high,  who  ran  about  the  stage, 
dragging  after  lum  a  large   wisp  of  straw,   which     , 
hung  by  -4  string  frjm  his  middle-    They  had  an  op- 
portunity of  seeing  this  acted  another  time,  when   ^ 
it  was  observed,  that  the  moment  they  had  got  hold    ♦ 
I  of  the  fellow  who  represented  the  child,  they  ftat- 
|tciied  or  pressed  his  nose.     From  this  they  judged, 
[that  they  do  so  by  their  children  when  born,  which    x 
iay  be  the  reason  why  all  in  general  have  flat  noses.    ''" 
[This  part  of  the  play,  from  its  newness,  and  the  lu- 
dicrous manner  in  which  it  was  performed,  gave    ^* 
them,  the  first  time  they  saw  it,  some  entertainment, 
and  caused  a  loud  laugh,  which  might  be  the  rea-       ^ 
Isoii  why  they  acted  it  so  often  afterwards.    But  this, 
jlike  all  their  other  pieces,  could  entertain  them  no 
niore  than  once 

Sunday  the  29th,  they  found  several  articles  had 
[been  stolen  out  of  the  boats  which  lay  near  the  ship; 
id  the  Chief  not  only  knew  they  were  stolen,  but 
/whom,  and  where  they   were;  and  he  went  im- 
mediately with  the  I  aptain  in  his  boat    in  pursuit  of 
[liem.    After  proceeding  a  good  way  along  shore^    1 
fre  Chief  ordv-rcd  them  to  land  near  some  houses, 
^vhere  they  did  not  wait  long  before  all  the  articles 
^ere  brought  Xc  thcii,  except  the  pinnace's  iron  til-     ' 

yoL,  I.  z  >       ^^ 


!  fc'  14.-.' P 


•.^^;|! 


I'.  I 
a  "it 
'■'*!■ 


a  b 


/■ 


.».,■ 


M  ;;i 


':M 


sro 


CAPTAIN  COOICS 


ler,  which  he  was  told  was  still  farther  off;  tliesn 
were  never  recovered. 

On  the  30th,  one  of  the  Chiefs  made  the  Captain 
a  present  ot  two  pigs  ;  he  invited  the  donor  to  din- 
ner, and  ordered  one  of  the  pigs  to  be  killed  and 
dressed,  and  attended  himself  to  the  first  part  of  the 
operation,  which  was  as  follows:  They  strangled  the 
hog,  which  was  done  by  three  men  ;  the  hog  being 
placed  on  his  back,  two  of  them  laid  a  pretty  strong 
stick  across  his  throat,  and  pressed  with  all  their 
■weight  on  each  end  ;  the  third  man  held  his  hind 
legs,  kept  him  on  his  back,  and  plugged  up  his  fun- 
dament with  grass,  to  prevent  any  air  from  passing 
or  repassing  that  way.  In  this  manner  thty  held 
him  tor  about  ten  minutes  before  he  was  quite  dead. 
The  hog  weighed  about  fifty  pounds.  It  was  baked 
in  their  usual  ma!mer.  Some  parts  about  the  ribs 
were  thought  overdone  ;  but  the  more  fleshy  parts 
were  exctllent ;  and  the  skin,  which  by  tlie  Euro- 
pean way  of  dressing  can  hardly  be  eaten,  had,  by 
this  method,  an  excellent  fiavour. 

I'he  people  knowing  that  they  should  sail  soon, 
begaii  on  the  31s*:  to  bring  on  board  fruit  more  than 
wsual.  Amongst  those  who  came  was  a  young  inan 
who  measured  six  feet  four  inches  and  six-tenths; 
and  his  sister,  younger  than  him,  measured  five  feet< 
ten  inches  and  an  half.  A  'orisk  trade  for  hogs  and 
tru't  continued  till  the  3d  of  June. 

The  Captain  fixed  on  the  nt-xt  day,  June  4,  for 
lulling,  when  Oreo,  the  Chief,  and  his  whole  fami- 
ly, came  on  board,  to  take  their  last  farewell,  ac- 
companied by  Oo-oo-rou,  the  Earee  de/iu  andBcba, 
the  Earee  of  Otaha,  and  several  of  their  friends.  I 
.  None  came  empty  ;  but  Oo-oo-rou  brought  a  pretty 
large  present,  this  being  his  first  and  only  visit.  The 
Captain  distributed  am»>;»j^t  them  almost  everf 
thing  he  had  left.  The  ver\'  hospitable  manner  in 
which  he  harl  ever  been  received  by  these  people, 
'had  endeared  them  to  him,  and  pven  them  a  just 
title  to  every  thing  in  his  power  to  grant. 

Oreo  pressed  him  to  return ;  when  the  Captain 
d'*crmed  making  anv  promtses  on  t'^n"  hf=»ftfl,  he  a*ikH 


•arther  off;  thes?; 

nadc  the  Captain 
I  the  donor  to  d'm- 
*  to  be  killed  and 
he  first  part  of  the 
rhey  strangled  the 
en  ;  the  hog  being 
aid  a  pretty  rArong 
3bed  with  all  their 
nan   held  his  hind 
lugged  up  his  fun- 
ly  "air  from  passing 
manner  they  held 
he  was  quite  dead. 
nds.    It  was  baked 
arts  about  the  ribs 
more  fleshy  parts 
which  by  the  Euro- 
J  be  eaten,  had,  by 

r. 

try  should  sail  soon, 
ard,  fruit  more  than 
e  was  a  young  man 
les  and  six -tenths; 
measured  five  feet< 
:  trade  for  hogs  and 

xr.  day,  June  4,  for 
nd  his  whole  fami- 
r  last  farewell  ac- 
wee  dehu  andBoba, 

al  of  their  friends. 
•oubrouf;hta.pretty| 

and  onlv  visit.  Ihcj 
:heTn  almost  eveitl 
ispitable  manner  la 
ed  by  these  perple, 
d  ^ivpu  tiiem  a  i>^^ 

-o  errant. 
sv hen  the  CaptaitJ] 


4     SECOND  VOYAGE- 


271 


ed  tke  name  of  his  Moral  Cbuvying-place.)  As  strange 
a  question  as  this  was,  he  hesitated  not  a  moment 
to  tell  him  Stepney  ;  the  parish  in  which  he  lived 
•arhen  in  London.  He  was  requested  to  repeat  it  se- 
veral times  over  till  they  could  pronounce  it ;  then. 
Stepney  Marai  no  Toote  was  echoed  through  an 
hundred  mouths  at  once.  What  greater  proof  could 
they  U^ve  of  these  people  esteeming  them  as  friends, 
than  their  wishing  to  reme^iber  them  even  beyond 
the  period  of  their  lives  ?  They  had  been  repeated- 
ly told  that  they  should  see  them  no  more  ;  they 
thon  wanted  to  know  where  they  were  to  mingle 
Vith  their  parent  dust.     ,    ;  i 

As  they  could  not  promise,  or  even  suppose  that 
more  English  ships  'vyould  be  sent  to  those  isles, 
their  faithful  companion  Oedidee  chose  to  remain  in 
liis  native  country.  But  he  left  the  ship  with  a  re- 
gret fully  demonstrative  of  the  esteem  he  had  for 
them.  Indeed,  he  would  have  been  a  better  speci- 
men of  the  nation,  in  every  respect,  than  Omai. 
Jost  as  Oedidee  was  going  out  of  the  ship,  he  asked 
the  Captain  to  Tatou  some  Paroii  for  him,  in  order 
to  shew  the  commanders  of  other  ships  which  might 
stop  here-  He  complied  with  his  request,  gave  him 
a  certificate  of  the  time  he  had  been  with  them,  and 
recoranaended  him  to  the  notice  of  ihose  who  might 
touch  at  the  island  after  them. 

They  did  not  get  clear  of  their  friends  till  eleven 
[O'clock,  whe^i  they  weighed,  and  put  to  sea  ;  but 
Oedidee  did  not  leave  them  till  they  were  almost 
out  of  the  harbour.  He  stayed,  in  order  to  fire  some 
guns  ;  for  it  being  his  Majesty's  birth-day,  they  fired 
I  the  salute  at  going  away. 

Nature  is  exceedmgly  kind  to  these  islands.  The 
natives,  copying  the  bounty  of  Nature,  are  uqually 
liberal;  contributing  plentifully  and  cheerfully  to  the 
iWa':tsof  naviguors.  During  their  stay  they  had 
[plenty  of  pork  and  variety  of  fruit.  All  these  arti- 
[Cles  were  got  in  exchange  for  axes,  hatchets,  nails, 
[chisels,  clc^h,  red  feathers,  beads,  knives,  scissors, 
I  looking-glasses,  Sec  articles  which  willesrer  be  valua- 
ble here-    Sliirts  are  a  very  capital  article  in  mak- 


';^; 


■m 


1,©' 


II 

ft 

I' 


'M 


.»•• 


272 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


ing  presents  ;  especially  with  those  who  have  aLy 
connexion  with  the  fair  sex-  A  shirt  here  is  full  as 
necessary  as  a  piece  of  gold  in  England.  The  ladies 
at  Otaheite»  after  ihey  had  pretty  well  stripped  their 
lovers  of  shirts,  found  a  method  of  clothing  them- 
selves with  their  own  cloth.  It  was  their  custom  to 
go  on  shore  every  morning,  and  to  return  on  board 
in  the  evening,  generally  clad  in  rags.  This  furnish- 
ed a  pretence  to  importune  the  lover  for  better 
clothes  ;  and  when  he  had  no  more  of  his  own,  he 
"was  to  dress  them  in  new  cloth  of  the  country,  which 
they  always  left  ashore  ;  and  appearing  agaip  in 
rags,  they  must  ai^ain  be  clothed.  So  that  the  same 
suit  might  pass  through  twenty  different  hands,  and 
be  as  often  sold,  bougnt,  and  given  away. 

On  the  6th,  being  the  day  after  leaving  Ulictea, 
they  saw  Howe  Island,  discovered  by  Captain  Wal* 
lis^  The  inhabitants  of  Ulietra  speak  of  an  unin. 
habited  island,  about  this  situation,  called  by  them 
74opeha,  to  wliich  they  go  at  certain  seasons  for 
turtle ;  perhaps  this  may  be  the  same. 

On  the  16th,  just  after  sun-rise,  land  was  seen 
from  the  top-mast  head,  bearing  N*  N.  E.  they  im« 
mediately  altered  the  course,  and  steering  for  it, 
found  it  to  be  another  island,  composed  of  five  or  six 
•woody  islots,  connected  together  by  sand-banks  and 
breakers,  inclosing  a  lake,  into  which  they  could 
setj  no  entrance.  The  Captain  looked  up  to  it  as  a 
new  discovt^ry,  and  named  it  Palmer»ton  Island, 
in  honour  of  Lord  Palmerston,  one  of  the  Lords  of 
the  /Vdmiralty. 

At  four  o'clock  in  the  afternoon  they  left  this 
isle,  and  resumed  their  course  to  the  W.  by  S.  with 
a  fine  steady  p:ale  easterly. 

On  the 20th  they  saw  land;  and  as  they ''"  3^' 
nearer,  found  it  to  be  an  island  of  considerabk  ex- 
tent. Perceiving  some  people  on  the  shore,  and 
landing  seeming  to  be  easy,  they  bwught-to,  and 
hoisted  out  two  boats,  with  which  they  put  off  to 
the  land,  accompanied  by  some  of  the  officers  and 
gentlemen. 

Friendij  signs  were  made  to  thcoJt  which  tlicy 


^f-'«>«'««>'VV  t'^  ■     KSViS*     ^'jn       »'* 


*->-,rTf'-"^'T=; 


^'l(^(WWMfff.'-T 


SECOND  VOYAGE. 


273 


<"       H 


answered  by  menaces.  All  endeavours  to  bring 
them  to  a  parley  were  to  no  purpose ;  for  they 
came  with  the  ferocity  of  wild  boars,  and  threw 
their  darts.  Two  or  three  muskets,  discharged  in 
the  air,  did  not  hinder  one  of  them  from  advancing 
still  farther,  and  throwing  another  dart,  or  rather 
a  spear,  which  passed  close  over  the  Captain's 
shoulder.  His  courage  would  have  cost  him  his 
life, had  not  the  Captain's  musket  missed  fire  ;  for 
he  was  not  five  paces  from  him  when  he  threw  his 
spear,  and  had  resolved  to  shoot  him  to  save  him- 
self.   He  was  glad  afterwards  that  it  happened  as 

it  did.  --'^'"r^  ''■^-    1 

The  conduct  and  aspect  of  these  islanHers,  oc-. 
casioned  the  Captain's  naming  it  Savages'  Island. 
They  seemed  to  be  stout  well  made  men,  were 
naked,  except  round  the  waists,  and  some  of  them^ 
had  their  faces,  breasts,  and  thighs  painted  black.;/ 

On  the  16th  of  June  they  arrived  off  the  coast  of 
Ilotterdam-  Before  they  had  well  got  to  an  anchor, 
the  natives  came  off  from  all  parts  in  canoes,  bring- 
ing with  them  yams  and  shaddocks,  which  they 
exchanged  for  small  nails  and  old  i  ags.  One  man 
taking  a  vast  liking  to  their  lea.d  and  line,  got  hold 
of  it,  and,  in  spite  ot  all  the  threats  they  could  make 
use  of,  cut  the  line  with  a  stone ;  but  a  discharge  of 
«mall  shot  made  him  return  it.  Early^'in  the  morn- 
ing, the  Captain  went  on  shore,  with  Mr.  Gilbert, 
to  look  for  fresh  water,  and  were  received  with 
grr;at  courtesy  by  the  nativ  es.  After  they  had  dis- 
tributed some  presents  amongst  thviin,  he  asked 
for  water,  and  was  conducted  to  a  pond  of  it  that 
was  brackish,  about  three-fourths  of  a  mile  from 
the  landing  place ;  which  he  supposed  to  be  the 
same  that  Taxman  watered  at.  In  the  mean  time, 
the  people  in  the  boat  had  laden  her  with  fruit  and 
roots,  which  the  natives  had  brought  down,  and  ex- 
changed fui'  nails  and  beads.  In  the  afternoon  some 
of  the  officers  landed,  where  they  found  the  sur- 
geon, who  had  been  robbed  of  his  gun,  by  a  fellow 
who  had  ran  off  with  it,  and  they  would  have  btrip- 
ped  him,  as  he  imagined,  had  he  not  presented  a 

Z  2 


f 


-ri 


'i  n 


% 


--rfr- 


]&r4^ 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


tooth-pick  case,  wliich  they,  no  donbt,  thought  was 
a  little  gun.  As  soon  as  the  Captain  heard  of  this, 
he  went  to  the  place  where  the  robbery  w-as  com* 
xnitted,  but  took  no  steps  to  recover  it ;  in  this  he 
acknowledges  he  was  wrong-  The  easy  manner  of 
obtaining  this  gun,  which  they  no  doubt  thought  se* 
cure  in  their  possession,  encouraged  them  to  pro* 
ceed  in  these  tricks,  j?  ^, 

Early  in  the  morning  of  the  28th,  Lieutenant 
Clerke,  with  the  Master  and  fourteen  or  fiftecii 
men,  went  on  shore  in  the  launch  for  water-  The 
Captain  did  intend  to  have  followed  in  another  boat 
himself,  but  rather  unluckily  deferred  it  till  after 
breakfast.  The  launch  was  no  sooner  landed  than 
the  natives  gathered  about  her,  behaving  in  so  rude 

manner,  that  the  officers  were  in  some  doubt  if 


a 


they  should  land  the  casks ;  but  they  ventured,  and 
%vith  difficulty  got  them  filled,  and  into  the  boat  again. 
Jn  the  doing  of  this  Mr-  Gierke's  gun  was  snatched 
from  him,  and  carried  off;  as  were  also  seme  of  the 
cooper's  tools,  and  several  of  the  people  were  strip* 
j>ed  of  one  thing  or  another-  All  this  was  done  as 
it  were  by  stealth;  for  they  laid  hold  of  nothing  by 
main  force.  The  Captain  landed  just  as  the  launch 
was  ready  to  put  oft',  and  the  natives,  who  were 
pretty  numet'ous  on  the  beach,  as  sron  as  they  saw 
{lim,  fled ;  so  that  be  suspected  something  had  hap- 
pened. However,  he  prevailed  on  many  to  stay, 
and  Mr.  Clerke  came,  and  informed  him  of  all  the 
preceding  circumstances.  He  quickly  came  to  a 
jesolution  to  oblige  them  to  make  restitution  ;  and 
.for  this  purpose  ordered  all  the  marines  to  be  armed, 
and  sent  on  shore.  Mr-  Fo rster  and  his  party  being 
gone  into  the  country  botaniaing,  he  ordered  two  or 
three  guns  to  be  fired  from  the  ship,  in  order  to 
alarm  him,  not  knowing  how  the  natives  might  act 
on  this  occasion-  He  then  sent  all  the  boats  oif  but 
one,  with  which  he  stayed,  having  a  good  many  of 
the  natives  about  him,  who  behaved  with  their  usual 
pourtesy.  He  made  them  so  sensible  of  his  inten- 
tion, that  long  before  tlie  marines  came,  Mf-  Gierke's 
jB^ct  wa^5  biQuglit;  but  they  used  many  excuses 


mmmm 


^1 


SECOND  VOYAGE. 


\ 


275 


to  divert  him  from  insisting  on  the  other.  At  length 
Mr.  Edgcumbe  arriving  with  the  marines,  this 
alarmed  them  so  much,  that  some  fled-  The  first 
stfep  the  Captain  took  was  to  seize  on  two  large 
double  sailing  canoes  which  were  in  the  cove.  One 
fellow  making  resistance,  he  fired  some  small  shot 
at  him,  and  sent  him  limping  off.  The  natives 
being  now  convinced  that  he  was  in  fearnest,  all  fled ; 
but  on  calling  to  them,  many  returned ;  and  pre- 
sently after,  the  other  musket  was  brought,  and 
laid  down  at  his  feet-  That  moment  he  ordered 
the  canoes  to  be  restdrcd,  to  shew  them  on  what 
account  they  were  detained. 

On  returning  to  go  on  board,  he  found  a  good 
many  people  collected  together,  from  whom  they 
understood  that  the  man  he  had  fired  at  was  dead. 
This  story  he  treated  as  improbable,  and  addressecj 
^  man,  wh6  seemed  of  some  consequence,  for  the 
restitution  of  a  cooper's  adze  they  had  ]ost  in  the 
morning.  He  immediately  sent  away  two  men.  as 
h«  thought,  for  it  ;  but  he  soon  found  they  had 
greatly  mistaken  each  other ;  for  instead  of  the  adze, 
they  brought  the  wounded  man,  stretclued  out  on 
a  board,  and  laid  him  down  by  him,  to  uU  appear- 
ance dea  J.  He  was  much  moved  at  the  sight ;  but 
soon  sav.'  hii  mistake,  and  that  he  waso:nly  wounded 
in  the  hand  and  tliigh.  He  therefore  desired  he 
might  be  carried  out  of  the  sun,  and  sent  for  the 
surgeon  to  dress  his  wounds*  Jvi  the  mean  time, 
lie  addressed  several  people  for  the  adze ;  for  he 
was  determined  to  have  it.  The  one  he  applied 
most  to,  was  an  elderly  woman,  who  had  always  a 
great  deal  to  say  to  him  from  his  first  landing  ;  but 
on  this  occasion  she  gave  her  tongUiS  full  scope. 
The  Captain  understood  but  little  of  her  eloquence  ; 
all  he  could  gather  from  her  arguments  was,  that  it 
was  mean  in  him  to  insist  on  the  return  of  so  trifling 
n  thing.  But  when  she  found  he  was  determined, 
she  and  three  or  four  more  women  went  away ;  and 
soon  after  the  adze  was  brought  him,  but  he  saw 
her  no  more.  This  he  was  sorry  for,  as  he  wished 
lo  make  her  a  prescrit,  iaTctum  for  the  part  fibe 


-^. 


■'!».'■!<  lit. 


.■^"■  % 


..u* 


176 


\  ^  ^^. 


;-^-^JtJt.  »>■*. 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


f.r  i  A 


had  taken  in  ail  their  transactions,  private  as  well 
as  public;  forhe;had  no  sooner  returned  Irom  the 
pond,  the  first  time  he  landed,  than  this  old  ladv 
prest:nted  to  him  a  girl,  giving  liim  to  understand 
she  was  at  his  service.  Miss,  who  probably  had 
received  her  instructions,  wanted,  as  a  preliminary 
article,  a  spike-nail,  or  a  shirt,  neither  ot -^vhich  he 
had  to  give  h^,  and  soon  made  them  sensible  ot  his 
povertv.  He  thought,  by  that  means,  to  have  come 
off  with  flying  colours ;  but  he  was  mistaken;  for 
they  gave  him  to  understand  he  might  retire  witli 
her  oil  credit.  On  declining  this  proposal,  the  old 
lady  began  to  argue  with  him,  and  then  abuse  hi». 
Though  he  comprehended  little  of  what  she  said, 
her  action*  were  expressive  enough,  and  shewei! 
that  her  words  were  to  this  effect,  sneering  in  his 
face,  saying.  What  sort  ot  a  man  are  you,  thus  to 
ref"se  the  embraces  of  so  line  a  young  woman  ?  For 
the  girl  certainly  did  not  want  beauty. 

As  soon  as  the  surgeon  got  ashore,  he  dressed  the 
man's  wounds,  and  bled  him  ;  and  was  ot  opinion 
that  he  was  in  no  sort  of  danger,  as  the  shot  had 
done  little  more  than  penetrated  the  skin. 
**  On  the  2Sth  ihcy  prepared  every  thing  in  readi- 
ness to  sail. 

On  the  30th  they  saw  the  summit  of  Amattafoa, 
but  not  clear  enough  to  determine  with  certainty 
whether  there  was  a  valcano  or  no  ;  but  every  thing 
they  could  see  concurred  to  make  them  beheve 
there  was- 

Anamocka,  or  Rotterdam,  the   island  they  had 
»ljust  left,  was  first  discovered  by  Tasmaii,  and  by  him 
^fHamed  Rotterdam-     It  is  of  a  triangular  form,  each 
^sj4c  is  about  three  and  a  lialf  or  four  miles.     Round 
it  lie  scattered  a  number  of  small  iJsles,  sand-banks, 
'"^and  breaker*..      'I'hey  could  sec  no  end  to  their  ex- 
tent to  the  north  ;  and  it  is  not  impossible  that  the> 
reach  as  far  south  as  Amsterdam,  or  Tongatabn. 
I'hese,  together  with  Middleburg  or  Eaoowee,  ami 
Fylstart,  make  a  group  containing  about  three  de- 
grees of  latitude  and  two  of  longitude,  which  Cap- 
'jUiu  Cook  uained  the  Fritjndly  Isies  or  Archipelago, 


'-yf^r 


SECOND  VOYAGE. 


srr 


¥!• 


as  a  firm  alliance  and  friendsh'p  seems  to  subsist 
among  the  inhabitants,  and  their  courteous  beha- 
viour to  strangers  entitles  ihem  to  that  appellation. 

The  inha!>itants,  productions,  8cc.  of  Rotterdam, 
and  the  neighbouring  isles,  are  the  same  as  at  Am- 
sterdam. There  is,  however,  far  more  waste  land 
on  this  isle,  in  proportion  to  its  size,  than  upon  the 
other,  and  the  people  seem  to  be  much  poorer ; 
that  is,  in  cloth,  matting,  ornaments,  &c.  which  con- 
stitute a  great  part  of  the  riches  of  the  South  Sea 
islanders.  ■'    .jT;/.        .v'"^  ..• 

They  did  not  distinguish  any  King  or  leading 
chief,  or  any  person  who  took  upon  him  the  ap- 
pearance of  supreme  authority. 

As  the  Captain  intended  to  get  to  the  south,  in 
onlcr  to  explore  the  land  which  might  lie  there, 
they  continued  to  ply  between  the?  isle  of  Lepers 
and  Aurora  ;  and  on  the  I9th  at  noon,  the  last  men- 
tioned isle  bo;'e  south  distant  twenty  miles. 

At  day-break  on  the  21st,  they  found  themselves 
before  the  channel  that  divides  Whitsuntide  island 
fh)m  the  South  Land,  which  is  above  two  leagues 
over.  Having  sent  two  armed  boats  to  sound,  and 
look  for  anchorage,  on  their  making  the  signal  foF 
the  latter,  they  sailed  in  and  anchored  in  eleven  fa- 
thoms water. 

Next  morning  early,  a  good  many  of  the  native* 
came  round  them,  some  in  canoes,  and  others  swim- 
ming. The  Captain  soon  prevailed  on  one  to  come  on 
boanl ;  which  he  no  sooner  did,  than  he  was  follow- 
ed by  more  than  he  desired  ;  so  that  not  only  the 
deck»  but  rigging  was  presently  filled  with  thenN 
He  took  four  into  the  cabin,  and  gave  them  various 
articles,  which  they  shewed  to  those  in  the  canoes, 
and  seemed  much  pleased  with  their  reception. 
While  he  was  thus  making  friends  with  those  in  the 
cabin,  an  accident  happened,  that  threw  all  into 
confusion,  but  in  the  end  proved  advantageous.  A  fel- 
low in  a  canoe  havinj^  been  refused  admittance  into 
one  of  the  boats  that  lay  along-side,  bent  his  bow  to 
shoot  a  poiso  ed  arrow  at  the  bcat-keeptr.  Some  of 
bis  countrymen  prevented  his  doing  it  tliat  instiant, 


■X*/ 


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CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


and  gave  time  to  acquaint  the  Captain  with  it.  He  ran 
instantly  on  deck,  and  saw  anutlier  man  struggling 
with  hinu;  one  of  those  who  had  been  in  the  cabin, 
and  had  leaped  out  of  the  window  for  this  purpcse! 
The  oiher  seemed  ressolved,  bhook  him  off,  and  di- 
rected his  bow  again  to  the  boat-keeper ;  but,  on 
the  Captain  calling  to  him,  pointed  it  at  him.  Hav- 
ing a  musket  in  his  hand  loaded  with  small  shot,  he 
gave  him  the  contents.  This  staggered  him  for  a 
moment,  but  did  not  prevent  him  from  holding  his 
bow  still  in  the  attitude  of  shooting.  Another  dis- 
charge of  the  samc^ature  made  him  drop  it,  and 
the  others,  who  were  in  the  canoe,  to  paddle  off 
with  all  speed.  At  this  time,  some  began  to  shoot 
arrows  on  the  other  side.  A  musket  discharged  in 
the  air  had  no  effect ;  but  a  four-pound  shot  ovev 
their  heads,  sent  them  off  in  the  utmost  confusion. 
Many  quitted  their  canoes  and  swam  on  shore ; 
those  in  the  great  cabindeaped  out  of  the  windows; 
and  those  who  were  on  the  deck,  and  on  different 
parts  of  the  rigging,  all  leaped  overboard-  After 
this  they  took  no  further  notice  of  them,  but  suffei^ 
ed  them  to  come  off  and  pick  up  their  canoes ;  and 
some  even  ventured  again  along-side  the  ship. 

These  people  set  no  value  on  nails,  or  any  sort  of 
iron  tools ;  nor  indeed  on  any  thing  they  had-  They 
vould,  now  and  then,  exchange  an  arrow  for  a  piece 
of  cloth  ;  but  would  very  seldom  part  with  a  bow. 

Being  unwilling  to  lose  the  benefit  of  the  moon- 
light nights  which  now  happened,  at  seven,  A-  M- 
on  the  25d  of  July,  they  weighed,  and  proceeded  out 
of  the  harbour. 

^  When  the  natives  saw  them  under  sail,  they  came 
off  in  their  canoes,  making  exchanges  with  more  con- 
fidence than  before,  and  giving  such  extraordinarr 
proofs  of  their  honesty  as  surprised  them.  As  the 
ship,  at  first,  had  fresh  way  through  the  water,  se- 
veral of  them  dropped  astern  after  they  had  re- 
ceived gomls,  and  before  they  had  time  to  deliver 
theirs  in  return.  Instead  of  taking  advantage  of 
this,  they  u*ied  their  utmost  efforts  to  get  up  with 
them^  and  to  deliver  them  what  they  had  already 


""%' 


SECOND  VOYAGE. 


270 


htcn  paid  for.  One  man,  in  particular,  followed 
them  a  considerable  tinne,  and  did  not  reach  them 
till  it  was  calm,  and  the  thing  was  forgotten.  As 
soon  as  he  canne  along-side,  he  held  up  the  thing, 
■which  several  were  ready  to  buy  ;  but  he  refused 
to  part  with  it,  till  he  saw  the  person  to  whom  he 
had  before  sold  it,  and  to  him  he  gave  it.  The  per- 
son, not  knowing  him  again,  offered  him  something 
in  return  ;  which  he  refused,  and  shewed  him  what 
he  had  given  him  before.  Pieces  of  cloth,  and  mar- 
ble paper,  were  in  most  esteem  with  them  ;  bu<i 
edge-tools,  nails,  and  beads,  they  seemed  to  disre- 
gard.      ,  ,,. 

By  this  time  thev  might  be  satisfied  they  meant 
them  no  harm ;  so  that  had  they  made  a  longer  stay, 
they  might  soon  have  been  upon  good  terms  with 
this  ape-like  nation ;  for,  in  general,  they  were  the 
aiost  ugly,  ill-proportioned  people,  they  ever  saw, 
and  in  every  respect  different  from  any  they  had 
met  with  in  this  sea.  They  are  a  very  dark  coloured, 
and  rather  a  diminutive  race,  with  long  heads,  flat 
faces,  and  monkey  countenances.  Their  hair  most- 
ly black  or  brown,  is  short  and  curly  ;  but  not 
quite  so  soft  and  woolly  as  that  of  a  negro.  Their 
beards  are  very  strong,  crisp  and  bushy,  and  gene- 
rally black  and  short.  But  what  adds  most  to  their 
deformity,  is  a  belt  or  cord  which  they  wear  round 
the  waist,  and  tie  so  tight  over  the  belly,  that  the 
ihapeof  their  bodies  is  not  unlike  that  of  an  overgrown 
pismire.  The  men  go  quite  naked,  except  a  piece 
of  cloth  or  leaf  used  as  a  wrapper. 

They  saw  but  few  women,  and  they  were  not  less 
ugly  than  the  men;  their  heads,  faces,  and  sIkjuI- 
<lers  are  painted  red  ;  they  wear  a  kind  of  petticoat  ; 
and  so^ieof  them  had  something  over  their  shoul- 
ders ike  a  bag,  in  which  they  carry  their  children. 
Kone  U*  hem  came  off  to  the  ship,  and  they  ge- 
nerally kept  at  a  distance  when  the  ship's  people 
'vvere  on  shore.  Their  ornaments  are  ear-rings 
made  of  tortoise-shell,  and  barcelets.  A  curious 
one  of  the  latter,^bur  or  five  inches  broad,  wrought 
With  thread  or  cord,  and  studded  with  shells,  is  worn 


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280 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


by  them  just  above  the  elbow.  Round  the  rifrht 
wrist  Uiey  wear  hog's  tusks,  bent  circular,  and  ritigs 
made  of  shells ;  and  round  their  left,  a  round  Pi<xc 
of  wood,  which  they  judged  was  to  ward  off  the 
bow-string.  Tht  bridge  of  the  nose  is  pierced,  in 
which  they  wear  a  piece  of  white  stone*  about  an 
inch  and  a  half  long,  formed  like  a  bow.  As  signs 
of  friendship  thev  present  a  green  branch,  and  sprin* 
kle  water  with  the  hand  over  the  head. 

Their  weapons  are  clubs,  spears,  and  bows  and 
arrows.  The  two  former  ai^^snade  of  hard  or  iron* 
wood,  llieir  bows  are  about  fpur  feet  long,  made 
of  a  stick  split  down  tlie  middle,  and  are  not  ciixulari 
but  bent  more  at  one  end  than  the  other.  The  ar- 
rows  which  are  a  sort  of  reeds, are  sometimes  armed 
with  a  long  sharp  point,  made  of  hard  wood,  and 
sometimes  with  a  very  hard  point  made  of  bone; 
and  these  ])oints  are  ail  covered  with  a  substance 
which  they  took  for  poison.  Indeed  the  people 
themselves  confirmed  their  suspicions,  by  making 
signs  to  ttiem  not  to  touch  the  point,  and  giving 
them  to  understand,  that  if  they  were  pricked  by 
them  they  would  die.  They  are  very  carefij^df 
them,  and  always  keep  them  wrapped  up  m'  a 
quiver.  Some  of  these  arrows  are  am' eel  ^ith  two 
or  three  points,  each  witfi  small  prickles  on  the 
edges,  to  prevent  the  arrows  being  drawn  out  of  the 
wound. 

The  peo})le  of  Mallicollo  seemed  to  be  a  quite 
different  nation  from  any  they  had  >  et  met  with,  and 
speak  a  difierent  language.  Of  about  eighty  wonlt* 
which  Mr.  Forster  collected,  hardly  one  bears  any 
affinity  to  the  language  spoken  at  any  other  island 
or  place  they  had  ever  been  at.  The  letter  R  is 
nsed  in  many  of  their  words ;  and  frequently  two 
or  three  being  joined  together,  such  woixls  were 
found  difficult  to  pronounce.  ITic  Captain  observ- 
td  that  they  could  i^roncunce  n»ost  of  the  English 
words  with  great  ease.  They  express  their  admi* 
nation  by  hissing  like  a  goo^e. 

1  o  judge  of  the  country  by  the  fttlc  they  «aw  of 
it,  it  must  be  fertile  ;  but  their  fruits  are  not  so  good 
as  those  oi  the  Society  or  Friendly  Isles,    They  left 


*ji. 


SECOND  VOYAGA 


281 


7  of 
;ood 

left 


tliem  a  dog  and  a  bitch ;  and  there  is  no  doubt  thejr 
^ill  be  taken  care  of,  as  they  were  very  fond  of 
them. 

After  they  had  got  to  sea,  they  tried  what  effect 
one  of  the  poisoned  arrows  would  have  on  a  dog.  In- 
deed they  had  tried  it  in  the  harbour  the  very  first 
night,  but  they  thouglit  the  operation  had  been  too 
^ight,  as  it  had  no  effect.  1  he  surgeon  now  made 
a  deep  incision  in  the  dog^s  thi^h,  into  which  he  laid 
a  large  portion  of  the  poison,  just  as  it  was  scraped 
from  the  arrows,  and  then  bound  up  the  wound  with 
I  bandage.  For  several  days  after  they  thought  the 
dog  was  rot  so  well  as  he  had  been  before ;  but 
whether  this  was  really  so,  or  only  suggested  b^ 
imagination,  is  uncertain.  He  was  afterwards  as  if 
nothing  had  been  done  to  him,  and  lived  to  be 
brought  home  to  England.  However,  there  is  no 
I  doubt  of  this  stuff  being  of  a  poisonous  quality,  as  it 
could  answer  no  other  purpose.  The  people  seem- 
ed Dot  unacquainted  with  the  nature  of  poison ;  for 
when  they  brought  them  water  on  shore,  they  first 
tasted  it,  and  then  ^ave  them  to  understand  they 
might  with  safety  dnnk  it. 

This  harbour,  which  is  situated  on  the  N.  E.  side 
of  Mallicollo,-the  Captain  named  Port  Sandwich  ; 
aiid  it  is  so  sheltered  that  no  winds  can  disturb  a 
ship  at  anchor  there.  Another  great  advantage  is» 
you  can  lie  so  near  the  shore,  as  to  cover  your  peo- 
|ple,  who  may  be  at  work  upon  it. 

Soon  after  they  got  to  sea,  they  stood  over  for 
imbrym*  On  the  24th  they  reached  an  island  near 
iipee,  about  four  leagues  in  circuit ;  it  is  remarka* 
^le  by  having  three  high  peaked  hills  upon  it,  by 
irhicn  it  has  obtained  that  name*    They  now  steered 

the  east;  and  having  weathered  Three  hills,  stood 
'01*  a  rroup  of  small  isles  which  lie  off  the  S*  £. 

)int  of  Apee*  These  were  called  Shepherd's  I slos, 

honour  of  Dr.  Shepherd,  Plumian  Professor  of 

^tronoroy  at  Cambridge. 

The  night  before  they  came  out  of  Port  Sandwich, 
Iwo  reddish  fish  about  the  size  of  a  large  bream, 
N  not  unlike  thero,  were  caught  with  hook  and 
VVOL.1.  A  a 


^2 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


line.  On  these  fish  most  of  the  officers,  l^nd  some  of 
the  petty  officers,  dined  the  next  day.  The  night 
followin.^,  every  one  who  had  eaten  of  them  wa8 
seized  with  violent  pains  in  the  head  and  bones,  at- 
tended Nvith  a  scorching  heat  all  over  the  skin,  and 
mimbness  in  the  joints.  There  remained  no  doubt 
mat  this  was  occasioned  by  the  fish  being  of  a  poison- 
ous nature,  and  having  communicated  its  bad  effects 
to  all  who  partook  of  ihem,  even  to  the  hogs  and  dogs. 
One  of  the  former  died  about  sixteen  hours  after; 
It  was  not  long  before  one  of  the  latter  shared  the 
Kame  fate  ;  and  it  was  a  week  or  ten  days  before  all 
the  gentlemen  recovered.  These  must  have  been 
tiie  same  sort  of  fish  mentioned  by  Quiros,  under  the 
name  of  Pargos,  which  poisoned  the  crews  of  his 
ships,  so  that  it  was  some  time  before  they  recover- 
ed ;  and  they  would  doubtless  have  been  in  the  same 
situation,  had  more  of  them  been  eaten. 

Continuing  their  course  to  the  south,  at  five  P.  M. 
drew  near  the  Southern  Lands,  which  they  found  to 
consist  of  one  large  island,  whose  southern  and  west- 
ern extremities  extended  beyond  their  sight,  ard 
three  or  four  sma.^r  ones  lying  nff  its  north  side. 
The  two  northernmost  are  much  the  largest,  have 
a  good  height*  and  lie  in  the  direction  of  E.  by  S. 
and  W.  by  N.  from  each  other,  distant  two  leagues. 
They  named  the  one  Montagu,  and  the  other  Hi;  ch- 
inbrook,  and  the  large  island  Sandwich,  in  honour 
of  the  Earl  of  Sandwich. 

As  they  passed  Hinchinbrook  Isle,  several  people 
came  down  to  the  sea-side,  and  by  signs  seerned  to 
invite  them  ashore.  S6me  wer«  also  seen  on  Sand- 
wich Island,  which  exhibited  a  most  delightful  pros- 
pect, being  spotted  with  woods  and  lawns,  agreea- 
bly diversified  over  the  whole  surface.  It  hath  a, 
Sentle  slope  trom  the  hills,  which  are  of  a  moderat 
eight,  down  to  the  sea-coast.  This  is  low,  an 
guarded  by  a  chain  of  breakers,  so  that  there  is  m 
approaching  it  at  this  part. 

On  the  third  of  August,  they  found  themselvei 
slbreast  a  lofty  promontory  ;  and  on  the  4th,  at  dr 
h^rcak,  the  Captain  went  with  two  boats  to  exatnip' 


SECOND  VOYAGE. 


283 


the  Coast,^ look  for  a  proper  landing-place,  wooc!, 
and  yi^ater.  At  this  time  the  natives  began  to  assem- 
ble on  the  shore,  and  by  signs  invited  them  to  land. 
The  Captain  went  first  to  a  small  beach,  v^  hich  is 
towards  the  head,  where  he  found  no  good  landing. 
Some  of  the  natives  who  were  there,  offered  to  haul 
the  boats  over  the  breakers  uo  the  sandy  beacH, 
which  was  thouj^ht  a  friendly  offer,  but  they  had 
reason  afterwards  to  alter  their  opinion.  When 
they  found  they  would  not  do  as  they  desired,  they 
made  signs  for  them  to  go  dowif^nto  a  bay,  which 
they  accordingly  did,  and  they  ran  along  shore 
abreast  of  them,  their  nuntber  increasing  prodigious- 
ly. They  put  in  to  the  shore  io  two  or  three  places^ 
but  c  t  Ukmg  the  situation,  did  not  land.  Hy  thi3 
time  the  natives  conceived  what  they  wanted,  as 
they  directed  the  boat  round  a  rocky  point,  where, 
on  a  fine  sandy  beach,  the  Captain  stepped  out  of 
the  boat  without  wetting  a  foot,  in  che  face  of  a  vast 
multitude,  with  only  a  green  braoch  in  his  hand. 
He  took  but  one  man  out  of  the  boat  with  him,  and 
ordered  the  other  boat  to  lie-to,  a  little  distance  off* 
They  received  him  with  great  courtesy  and  polite-r 
ness ;  and  would  retire  back  from  the  boat  on  his 
making  the  least  motion  with  his  hand.  A  man, 
whom  he  took  to  be  a  Chief,  seeing  this,  made  them 
form  a  semicircle  round  the  boat's  bow,  and  boat 
such  as  attempted  to  break  through  this  order- 
This  man  he  loaded  with  presents,  giving  likewise: 
to  others,  and  asked  by  signs  for  fresh  water,  in 
hopes  of  seeing  where  they  got  it.  The  Chief  ii<H 
mediately  sent  a  man  for  some,  who  ran  to  a  house, 
and  presently  returned  with  a  little  in  a  bamboo ; 
so  that  he  gained  but  little  information  by  this.  He 
next  asked,  by  the  same  means,  for  something  to 
eat ;  and  they  as  readily  brought  him  a  yam,  and 
some  cocoa-nuts*  In  short,  he  was  char^hed  with 
their  behaviour;  and  the  only  thing  which  could 
give  the  least  suspicion  was,  that  most  of  them  were 
armed  with  clubs,  speiirs,  darts,  bows  and  arr<jws. 
For  this  reason  the  Captain  kept  his  eye  constantly 
Upon  the  Chief,  and  watched  hi§  looks  as  well  as  hi& 


284 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


actions.    He  made  many  signs  to  haul  ll)^boat  upon 
the  shore,  and  at  last  slipped  into  the  cRwd,  were 
he  observed  him  to  speak  to  several  people,  and  then 
return,  repeating  signs  to  haul  the  boat  up,  and  hesi- 
tating a  good  deal  oefore  he  would  receive  somo 
spike-nails  which  were  then   offered  him.    This 
made  him  suspect  some<:hing  was  intt^nded,  and  im- 
mediately he  stepped  into  tlie  boat,  telling  them  by 
signs  that  he  should  soon  return*    But  they  were  not 
for  parting  so  soon,  and  now  attempted  by  force, 
what  they  could  ngt  obtain  by  gender  means-    The 
gang  board  happ^ed  unluckily  to  be  laid  rut  for 
Uie  Captain  to  come  into  the  boat     Uuluckily,  for 
if  it  had  not  been  out,  and  if  the  crew  had  been  a 
little  quicker  in  gf^tting  the  boat  off,  the  natives 
might  not  have  had  time  to  put  their  design  in  exe- 
cution, nor  would  the  t'ollowmg  disagreeable  scene 
have  happened    As  they  were  putting  off  the  boat, 
they  laid  hold  of  the  gang- hoard,  and  unhooked  it 
f>ff the  boat's  stern.  But  as  they  did  not  take  it  away. 
H  was  thought  this  had  been  done  by  accident,  and 
he  ordered  the  boat  in  again  to  take  it  up.     Then 
the  natives  hooked  it  over  the  boat's  stem,  and  at- 
tempted to  haul  her  ashore ;  others  at  the  same 
time  snatched  the  oars  out  of  the  people's  hands. 
On  pdnting  a  musket  at  them,  they  in  some  measure 
Heaisted,  but  returned  in  an  instant^  seemingly  de- 
termined to  haul  the  boat  ashore.     At  the  head  of 
this  party  was  the  Chief;  the  others,  who  could  not 
come  at  the  boat,  stood  behind  with  darts,  stones, 
atid  bows  and  arrows  in  hand,  ready  to  support 
tBcm.    Signs  and  threats  having  no  effect,  their  own 
safety  becanae  the  only  cnnsideratiou ;  and  yet  the 
Captain  was  unwilling  to  fire  on  the  multitude,  and 
resolved  to  make  the  Chief  alone  fall  a  victim  to  bis 
own  treachei7 ;  but  his  musket,  at  this  critical 
moment,  missed  fire-     Whatever  idea  they  might 
have  formed  of  their  arms,  the  natives  must  now 
have  looked  upon  them  as  childish  weapons,  and  be- 
gan to  let  them  see  how  much  better  thcirji  were, 
by  throwhig  stones  and  darts,  and  by  shooting  ar- 
rows.   This  made  it  abtoluteljr  necessary  to  give 


mmmm 


ij^** 


SECOND  VOYAGE. 


Ifi 


'M 


orders  to  fir**.  The  first  discharge  thre^^hem  into 
confusion ;  but  a  second  was  hardly  sufficient  to 
drive  them  off  the  beach ;  and  after  all,  they  con- 
tinued to  throw  stones  from  behind  the  trees  and 
bushes,  and  evj^ry  now  and  then,  to  pop  out  and 
throw  a  dart.  Four  lay,  to  all  appearance,  dead  on 
tlie  shore  ;  but  two  of  them  afterwards  Crawled  in- 
to the  bushel.  Happy  it  was  for  these  people,  tliat 
not  half  their  muskets  would  go  off,  otherwise  many 
more  must  have  fallen-  One  sailor  was  wounded 
in  the  cheek  with  a  dart»  the  point  of  which  was  as 
thick  as  a  little  finger,  and  yet  it  entered  above  two 
inches ;  which  shews  that  it  must  have  come  with 
great  force,  though  indeed  they  were  very  ne^-- 
them.  An  arrow  struck  Mr.  Gilbert's  naked  breast^f 
who  was  above  thirty  yards  off;  but  probably  it  had 
struck  something  before ;  for  it  hardly  penetrated 
thq  skin.  The  arrows  were  pointed  with  hard 
wood.  • 

As  soon  as  they  got  on  board,  the  Captain  order- 
ed the  anchor  to  be  weighed.  While  this  was  do- 
ing, several  people  appeared  on  the  low  rocky  point, 
displaying  two  oars  they  had  lost  in  the  scuffle. 
This  was  supposed  a  s^n  of  submission,  and  of  their 
wanting  to  give  them  the. oars.  He  nevertheless 
fired  a  four  pound  shot  at  them,  to  let  them  see  the 
effect  of,  their  great  guns.  The  ball  fell  short,  but 
frightened»them  so  much^  that  none  were  seen  after- 
wards ;'and  they  left  the  oars  r,tanding  up  agauist 
the  bushes.    They  now  stood  out  to  sea. 

These  islanders  seemed  to  be  a  different  race  from 
those  of  Mallicollo,  and  spoke  a  difi^rent  language. 
They  are  of  the  middle  size,  havcFa  good  shape, 
and  tolerable  features.  Their  coloti^  is  very  dark, 
and  they  paint  their  faces,  some  with  black,  and 
others  with  red  pigment.  Their  hair  is  very 
curly  and  crisp,  and  somewhat  coolly.  They  saw 
a  few  women,  and  thought  them  ugly ;  th^y  wore  a 
kind  of  petticoat  made  of  palm-leaves,  or  some  plant 
like  it*  Out  the  men^  like  those  of  Mallicollo,  were 
in  a  manaec  n^«d ;  ^a^rtng  only  the  belt  about  the 
yfmif  and  the  piece  of  eloth,  or  leaf,  used  as  a  wrai>« 

Aa3 


^86 


m 


CAPTAIN  COOR'S 


'> 


per.  They  saw  no  canoes  with  these  people,  nor 
wn*e  any  seen  in  any  part  of  tliis  isUnd.  They  live 
in  houses  covered  with  thatch,  and  their  plantations 
<^«re  laid  out  by  line,  and  fenced  round* 

In  the  night  of  the  5th  of  August  they  saw  a  light, 
•^vhich  was  occasioned  by  a  volcano,  whidi  they  oi)< 
«<  served  to  throw  up  vast  quantities  of  fire  and  smoke, 
with  a  rumbling  noise  heard  at  a  gr^at  distance* 
They  now  made  sail  for  the  island  whence  it  ap- 
peared, and  presently  after  discovered  a  small  inlet 
which  had  the  appearance  of  being  a  good  harbour. 
«The  w«nd  left  them  as  soon  as  they  were  within  the 
entrance,  and  obliged  them  to  drop  an  anchor  in 
four  fathoms  water.  After  this  the  boats  were  sent 
to  sound. 

Many  of  the  natives  now  got  together  in  parties, 
on  several  parts  of  the  shore,  all  armed  with  bows^ 
spears,  &c.  Some  swam  o(F  to  them,  others  canne  in 
canoes.  At  first  they  were  Shy,  and  kept  at  the  dis- 
tance of  a  stone's  throw ;  they  grew  insensiblv  bold- 
er, and  at  last  came  under  their  stem,  ana  made 
some  exchanges.  The  people  in  one  of  the  first  ca- 
noes, after  coming  as  near  as  they  durst,  threw  to- 
wards them,  some  cocoa-nuts.  The  Captain  went 
into  a  boat,  and  picked  them  up,  giving  them  in  re- 
turn some  cloth  and  other  articles*  This  induced 
others  to  cortie  under  the  &tem,  and  along-side, 
where  their  behaviour  was  insolent  and  daring. 
They  wanted  to  carry  c(F  every  tiling  within  their 
.  reach  ;  they  got  hold  of  the  fly  of  the  ensign,  and 
would  have  torn  it  from  the  staff;  others  attempt- 
ed to  knock  t^  rings  off  the  rudder ;  but  the  great- 
est trouble  my  gave  them  was  to  look  after  the 
buoys  of  their  michors,  which  were  no  sooner  thrown 
out  of  the  boats,  or  let  go  from  the  ship,  than  they 
got  hold  of  them.  A  few  muSkets  6red  in  the  air 
had  nd%fiect ;  but  a  four-pounder  frightened  them 
so  mucU,  that  they  quitted  their  canoes  that  instants 
and  took  to  the  water.  But  as  soon  as  they  found 
themselves  Unhurt,  they  got  again  into  their  canoes* 
gave  them  some  halloos,  founded  thdr  weaponsi 
fnd  m^rne4  ^c<^  moif  W  tte  Noyt.   This  pot 


SECOND  VOYAGE. 


•# 


Sty 


them  to 'the  expense  of  a  few  nmsketaon  ball, 
which  had  the  deftired  eflRsct  Although  none  wer« 
shot,  they  were  afterwards  afraid  to  come  near  the 
buoys  ;  very  soon  all  retired  on  diore,and  they  were 
permitted  to  sit  down  to  dinner  undisturbed. 

Towards  the  evening*  after  the  ship  was  moored* 
the  Captain  landed  at  the  head  of  tne  harbour*  in 
the  S  E.  comer,  with  a  strong  party  of  men,  without 
any  opposition  being  made  by  a  great  number  of  Uie 
natives  who  were  assembled  in  two  parties^  the  one 
on  the  right,  the  other  on  the  leftt  armed  with  dubs, 
darts,  spears,  slings,  and  stones,  bows,  and  arrows^ 
kc  After  diistributing  to  the  old  people  {for  ih^y 
Godd  distinguish  no  cmef,)  and  some  others,  pre* 
seats  of  cloth,  medals,  &c<  he  ordered  two  casldi 
to  be  filled  with  water  out  of  a  pond  about  tweni^ 
paces  behind  the  landing-place,  giving  the  native* 
to  understand  that  this  was  one  of  the  articles  they 
wanted.  Besides  water,  they  got  from  them  a  few 
cocoa-nuts,  which  seemed  to  be  in  plenty  on  Uie 
trees ;  but  they  could  not  be  prevailed  upon  lo 
part  with  any  ot  their  weapons.  These  they  hehl 
in  constant  readiness,  and  in  the  proper  attitude^  of 
offence  and  defence,  so  that  little  was  wantu^  |0 
make  them  attack  them;  at  least  they  thought  |o» 
by  their  pressing  so  much  upon  them*  and  in  spit^ 
of  their  endeavours  to  keep  them  oi^  Tiietr 
early  re*embarliing  probably  disconcerted  their 
scheme,  and  after  that  thejr  m  retired* 

As  they  wanted  to  take  m  a  large  quantity  botU 
of  wood  and  water,  and  as,  when  he  wai^  on  shore^ 
he  had  found  it  practicable  to  lay  the  ship  mud^ 
nearer  the  landin|(  place  than  s|ie  now  wa^  which 
would  greatly  fiacilitate  that  work*  as  well  as  iwer* 
awe  the  natives,  and  enable  them  better  locover  andl 
protect  the  working  party  on  shore ;  with  tUa  view. 
on  the  6th»  th^  endeavoured  to  transport  Hie  s^ 
to  the  place  the  Captain  deaiened  to  moor  her  &> 
While  they  were  about  this,  th^  observed  the  nar 
tives  assembling  from  all  partg,  and  forming  then^ 
•elves  hitoiwo  parto»  a»  tbevdid  the  pnecedine 
evening,  one  wcasb  mdfl)  ^  hfidi^'fiaiie, to  to 


^» 


.'281 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


amount  of  some  thousands,  armed  as  before.    A  ca« 
noe,  sometimes  conducted  by  one,  and  at  other  times 
by  two  or  three  men,  now  and  then  came  off,  bring- 
ing u  few  cocoa-nuts  or  plantains*    The  Captaiu 
jHiide  an  old  man,  who  seemed  well  dispo^^ed,  under- 
stand, by  signs    that  they  were  to  lay  aside  their 
iveaponb,    took  those    which  were  in  the  Ciinoe, 
and  threw  them  overboard,  and  made  him  a  pre- 
sent of  a  lary^e  piece  of  cloth.    There  was  no  doubt 
that  he  understood   him,  and  made  his   request 
iLnown  to  his  countrymen  ;  for  as  soon  as  he  landed, 
they  observed  him  go  first  to  the  one  party,  and  then 
to  the  other ;  nor  was  he  ever  after  seen  with  any 
thing  like  a  weapon  in  his  hand.      After  this,  three 
fellows  c:ime  in  a  canoe  under  the  stern,  one  of  them 
brandishing  a  club,  with  which  he  struck  the  ship's 
-side,  and  committed  other  acts  of  deiiance,  but  at 
last  offered  to  exchange  it  for  a  string  of  beads,  and 
some  other  trifles.     These  were  sent  down  to  him 
^*'  a  line  ;  but  the  moment  thev  were  in  his  posbes- 
T,  he  and  his  companions  paddled  off  in  all  haste 
/without  giving  the  club  or  any  thing  else  in  return. 
This  was  what  the  Captain  expected,  and  indeed 
ivhat  he  was  not  sorrv  fo^^yas  he  wanted  an  oppor- 
'tunity  to  shew  the  multitiide  on  ^hore  the  effects  of 
their  fire-arms,  without  meterially  hurting  any  of 
them.    Having  a  fowling-piece  loaded  wiui  small 
shot,  (Ko.  3,)  lie  gave  the  fellow  the  contents ;  and 
"yvh^n  ^hey  were  above  musket-shot  off,  he  ordered 
some  of  the  musketoons,  or  wall*pieces,  to  be  fired, 
•'Which  made  them  leap  out  of  U^eir  canoe,  keepun- 
4er  her  off-side,  and  swim  with  her  ashore.    This 
itransaetion  seemed  to  make  little  or  no  impression 
cm  the  people  there ;  on  the  contrary,  they  began  to 
halicko,  and  to  make  sport  of  it. 
^  Afti^  mooring  the  ship,  by  four  anchors,  with  her 
%foadH^de  to  tlie  landing-place,  hardly  musket-shot 
<^,  and  placing  the  artiUery  In  such  a  manner  as  to 
oonimaa4the  whole  harbour;  he  embarked  with  the 
.^laarines,  aUd^a  party  of  iekmen,  in  three  boats,  and 
rowed  in!lo)rthe  shore*     It  hiith  been  ah-^dy  men- 
^t^ned,  tbiftbc  %m  divi^oa^  of  the  natives  wore 


SECOND  VOYA.GE. 


269 


^rawn  up  on  each  side  the  landin|;-pUc«k     They 
had  left  a  space  between  theiu  of  about  thirty  or  for* 
ty  yards,  in   wliich   were  laid,  to  the  most  advan« 
tage,  a  few  small  bunches  of  plantains,  a  yana,  ami 
two  or  three  roots.    Between  these  and  Uie  water 
iyere  stuck  upright  in  the  sand,  for  what  purpose 
they  never  could  learo,  four  small  reeds,  alxiut  two 
feet   from  each  other,  in   a  line  at  right  anf^Ves  to 
the  shore,  where  they  remained  for  two  or  threft 
days  after.      The  old  man  before  mentioned,  and 
two  more,  stood  by  these  things,  inviting  them  by 
signs  to  land ;  but  the  former  trap  was  still  in  their 
memory,  which  they  were  so  near  being  caught  in 
at  the  last  island  ;  and  this  lor>ked  something  like 
it    In  short,  every  thing  conspired  to  make  them 
believe  they  meant  to  attack  tnein  as  soon  aa  tliey 
should  be  on  shore ;  the  consequence  of  which  was 
easily  supposed :  many  of  them  must  have  been 
killed  ana  wounded,  and  they  should  hardly  have 
escaped  unhurt ;  two  things  the  Captain  equally 
wished  to  prevent    He  ordered  a  musket  to  be  i)r- 
ed  over  the  party  on  the  right,  which  was  by  far  iht 
strongest  body ;  but  the  aiarra  it  gave  them  was 
momentary.  In  an  instant  they  recovered  themselves^ 
and  began  to  display  their  weapons-    One  fellow 
shewed  them  his  backside,  in  a  manner  which  plain- 
ly  conveyed  his  meaning.    After  this,  he  oniered 
three  or  four  more  muskets  to  be  fired.  This  was  the 
signal  for  the  ship  to  fire  a  few  great  guns,  which 
presently  dispersed  them;  and  then  they  landed,  and 
marked  out  the  limits,  on  the  ri^ht  and  left,  bv  a 
line.    The  old  man  befoi^  mentioned    stood  nis 
giHJund,  though  deserted  by  his  two  companions,  and 
the  Captaiiv  rewarded  him.     The  natives  came 
gradually  to  them  seemingly  in  a  more  friendly  man* 
ner  ;  some  even  without  their  weapons,  but  by  far 
the  greatest  pan  brought  them ;  and  when  thc^ 
made  signs  to  lay  them  down,  they  gave  the  English 
to  understand  that  they  must  lay  down  theirs  Brst. 
Thus  all  parties  stood  armed.    They  indeed  climb- 
ed  the  cocoa-nut  trees,  and  threw  down  the  nuts 
v^ithout  requirioj;  wy  t^ing  for  them ;  but  the 


»0 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


Captain  took  care  that  thcj'  should  always  have 
somewhat  in  return.    He  obsiervcd  that  many  were 
afraid  to  touch  what  belonged  to  them  ;  a? id  they 
Beenifd  tf»  have  no  notion  oi  exchanjs^ing  one  thing 
for  another     The  Captain  took  thi  old  man  (whose 
nanu-  wati  now  found  to  bi*  Puowaig)  to  the  woods, 
and  matle  him  understand  he  wanted  to  cut  down 
some  trees  to  take  on  board  the  !»hip  ;  cutting  down 
•ome  at  the  same  time,  which  they  put  into  one  of 
the  boats,  together  with  a  few  small  casks  of  water, 
"With  a  view  of  letting  the  people  see  what  it  was 
they  chiefly  wanted      Paowang  very  readily  gave 
his  consent  to  cut  wood  ;  nor  was  thej  e  any  one  vho 
nrnde  the  least  objection.     Having  landed  again, 
they  loaded  the  launch  with  water,  and  after  mak- 
ing three  hauls  with  the  seine,  caught  upwards  of 
300  pounds    of  mullet    and    other    fish.     It  was 
some  time  before  any  ot  the  natives  appeared,  and 
not  above  twenty  or  thirty  at  last,  amongst  whom 
was  thtir  trusty  friend  Paowang,  who  made  them  a 
present  of  a  small  pig,  which  was  the  only  one  they 
got  at  this  isle,  or  that  was  offered  them* 

During  the  night,  the  volcano,  which  was  about 
fnur  "miles  to  the  west,  vomited  up  vast  quantities  of 
fire  and  smoke,  as  it  had  also  done  the  night  bt-iore; 
and  the  flames  were  seen  to  rise  above  th^  hill  which 
lay  ber  wren  them  and  it»    At  every  eruption,  it  made 
a  long  rumbling  noise  like  that  of  thunder,  or  the 
blowing  lip  of  large  mines.    A  heavy  shower  of  rain, 
which  fell  at  this  time,  seemed  to  increahe  it  ;  and 
the  wind  blowing  from  the  same  nuarter,  the  air 
was  loaded  With  its  ashes,  which  tell  so  thick  that 
every  thing  was  covered  with  the  dust.    It  was  a 
kihd  of  fine  sand,  or  ston^,  ground  or  burnt  to  pow- 
der, and  was  exceedingly  trt^ublesome  to  the  eyes- 

Early  in  the  morning  of  the  Tth,  the  natives  began 
again  to  asf^emble  near  the  watiering- place,  armed  as 
lisual,  but  not  in  such  numbers  as  at  first.  After 
breakfast  they  landed,  in  order  to  cut  wood  and  fill 
watet*  They  found  many  of  the  islander*  much  in- 
clined to  befriends,  especially  the  oldr^opie;  on 
the  other  handy  most  of  the  younger  \^eu.  daring 


SECOND  VOYAGE. 


^1 


and  insolent,  and  obligecUhem  to  keep  to  their  arms* 
The  Captain  stayed  till  he  saw  uo  disturbance  was 
like  to  happen,  and  then  returned  to  the  ship,  leaving 
the  party  under  the  cammancl  of  Lieutenants  Clerkc 
and  Edgcunibe.  When  they  came  on  board  to  din- 
ger, they  informed  him,  that  the  people  continued  to 
behave  in  the  same  incnnsi.stent  manner  as  in  the 
morninf; ;  but  more  especially  one  man,  whom  Mr- 
Edgcumbe  was  obliged  to  fire  at,  and  believed  he 
had  struck  with  a  swan-shot.  After  that  the  others 
behaved  with  more  discretion. 

On  the  9th  Mr.  Forster  learnt  from  the  people 
the  proper  name  of  the  island,  which  they  call  Tan- 
na.    They  gave  them  to  uvdp«'vtand,  in  a  mannef 
which  they  thought  admitted  of  :v   doubt,  that  they 
eat  human  flesh,  and  that  circun  cision  was  practised 
among  them.  They  began  the  subject  cf  eatutg  of  hu-, 
in?P  flesh,  of'theif  own  acoflrd.by  ^skingthem  if  they 
did.    One  of  the  men  employed  in  taking  in  ballast 
scalded  his  fingers  in  removmg  a  stone  out  of  some, 
water.    This  circumstance  produced  the  discovery  of- 
several  hot  spring?*,  at  the  foot  of  the  cliff,  and  ra-^ 
ther  below  high-water  mark. 

Durmg  the  night  of  the  10th,  also  all  the  lUh,  the 
volcano  was  exceedingly  ttoublesome,  and  nvade  a 
terrible  noise,  throwing  up  prodigioiiji  columns  of. 
Are  and  smoke  alt  each  explosion,  N*hich  happened 
every  three  or  four  minutes;  and,  at  one  time,  irreat, 
stones  were  seen  nigh  in  the  air.    Mr.  Forster  and» 
Jiis  partv  wqnt  up  the  hill  on  the  west  side  of  the  har-<. 
hour,  where  he  found  three  places  whence  smokel 
of  a  sulphureous  smell  tesued,  through  cracks  or^- 
iissures  in  the  earth.    The  grnuud  about  these  waa. 
exceedingly  hot,  snd  parched  or  burnt,  and  they, 
seemed  to  keep  pace  with  the  volcano  ;  for,  at  every' 
explosion  of  the  latter,  the  quantity  of  smoke  or. 
steam  in  these  was  jreatlv  increased,  and  forced^ 
out  so  as  to  rise  in  small  cpiumns,  which  they  saw* 
from  the  ship,  and.had  taken  for  common lires  made 
by  the  natives.    At  the  foot  of  this  hill  are  the  hot 
springs  before  mentioned.  . 

In  the  forenoon  Mr-  Fprster  having  began  hifl>o- 


mm 


292 


CAPIWIN  COOK'S 


tanical  researcbes  on  the  oU^er  «de  of  the  harbonir^ 
fell  in  with  Pnewang's  house,  where  he  saw  most 
of  the  articles  the  ('^aptain  had  giTen  him,  hanging 
on  the  ac'ioiiiing  trees  and  bushes,  as  if  they  were 
»ot  worthy  of  being  under  his  roof. 

Several  other  pans  of  the  hill  emitted  smoke  or 
steam  all  the  ^y,  and  the  volcano  was  usually  fu* 
riousy  insomuch  that  the  air  was  loaded  Avith  its  ash- 
es. The  ram  which  feH  at  this  time  was  a  compound 
of  water,  sand,  and  earth ;  so  that  it  piopeiiy  might 
be  called  showers  of  mire-  Whichever  way  the 
'Wind  was,  they  were  annoyed  by  the  ashes,  unless  it 
blew  very  strong  indeed  from  the  opposite  direction. 
I^otwithstanding  th^  natives  seemed  well  enough  sa- 
tisfied with  the  few  expeditions  thev  bad  made  in 
Ae  neighbourhood,  tltey  were  unwming  they  should 
extend  them  further-  As  a  proof  of  tras,  some  mi^ 
dertook  to  guide  the  ger/Hbmen  when  thev  were  in 
tile  countrVy  to  a  place  where  they  migtit  see  the 
liiouth  of  the  volcano-  They  very  readily  embraced 
the  oflPb* ;  and  were  conducted  down  totlie  barbouri 
before  they  perceived  the  cheat. 

The  13th,  wind  at  N.  E.  gloomy  weather.  The 
ddy  thing  worthy  of  note  this  day,  wa»,  that  Pan* 
^ang  being  at  dmner  with  them  on  board,  they  took 
the  opportunity  to  ehew  him  several  jparts  of  the 
ship,  and  vanous  at*ticles,  in  hopes  of  finding  out 
•omethfng  which  he  might  value,  -ndbe  induced  to 
take  in  exchange  for  refreshments ;  tor  what  they  had 

Jot  of  this  kind  was  tri^g^  But  he  looked  on  every 
>ing^  that  was  shewn  him  with  the  utmost  indifier* 
cnce  ;  nor  did  he  take  notice  of  any  thing  except  a 
"Woodenr  sand>bo}C,  which  he  seemed  to  admire,  and 
^med  two  or  three  times  over  in  his  hand- 
Next  morning  after  breakfast,  a  party  of  them 
set  out  for  the  country,  to  try  if  they  could  not  get  a 
nearer  and  better  view  of  the  volcano.  The  place 
affected  by  the  heat  was  not  above  eight  or  ten  yards 
sguare ;  and  near  it  were  some  ng-trees,  ivhich 
spread  their  branches  over  a  part  of  it,  and  see  ed 
to  Hkethiir  situation.  It  was  thought  that  this  ex- 
iraorAaaiy  heat  was  caused  by  tlie  steam  of  boiUng 


SECOND  VOYAGE. 


S93 


yfSittt  Strongly  impregnated  with  sulphur.    They 
proceeded  up  the  hill  through  a  couratry  so  covered 
with  trees,  shrubs,  and  plants,  that  the  bread-fruit 
and  cocoa-nut  trees,   v^hich  seem  to  have  been 
planted  here  by  nature,  were  b  a  manner  choked 
up.    Here  and  there  they  met  with  an  house,  some 
few  people,  and   plantations.    These  latter  they 
found  in  different  states ;  some  of  long  standing  ; 
others  lately  cleared ;  and  some  only  clearing,  and 
before  any  thing  had  been  planted*    Happening  toi 
turn  out  of  the  common  path,  they  came  into  a  plan- 
tation where  they  found  a  man  at  work,  who,  either 
out  of  good  nature,  or  to  get  them  the  sooner  out  of 
his  territories,  undertook  to  be  their  guide.    They 
follow^  liim  accordingly ;  but  had  not  gone  far  be- 
fore they  came  to  a  junction  of  two  roads,  in  one  of 
which  stood  another  man  with  a  sling  and  a  stone»  - 
which  he  thought  proper  to  lay  down  when  ia  musket  v. v 
was  pointed  at  him.    The  attitude  in  which  they 
found  him,  the  ferocity  appearing  in  his  looks,  and    i 
his  behaviour  ajfter,  convinced  them  that  he  ment  to    , 
defend  the  path  he  stood  in.    He,  in  some  measui'e, 
gained  his  point ;  for  the  guide  took  the  other  road, 
and  they  followed,  but  not  without  suspecting .  he^ 
was  leading  them  out  of  the  common  way.    The 
other  man  went  with  tliem  likewise,  counting  them 
several  times  over,  and  hallooing,  as  they  judged,^,^^ 
for  assistance ;  for  they  were  presently  joined  by  -^ 
two  or  three  more,  among  whom  was  a  young  wo-     i 
man  with  a  club  in  her  hand.    By  these  people  they    t 
were  conducted  to  the  brow  of  a  hill,  and  shewn  a     ! 
road  leading  down  to  the  harbour,  which  they  want-     ^ 
cd  them  to  take.    Not  choomng  to  comply,  tliey  re- 
turned to  that  they  had  left,  which  they  pursued  alonei     ? 
their  guide  refusing  to  go  with  them.  After  ascending 
another  r^ge  as  thickly  covered  with  wood  as  those 
they  had  come  over,  they  saw  yet  other  hills  bctweeu 
them  and  the  volcano,  which  seemed  as  far  (tf  as  at 
t^-^ir  first  setting  out.    This  discouraged  them. from 
proceeding  farther,espccially  as  they  could  get  ilioone 
to  be  their  guide-  They  therefore  came  to  a  resolution 
to  return ;  and  hadh^it  just  put  this  in  execution  whea 
VOI^f.  Bb 


■P 


MHI 


S94 


CAPl'AIN  COOKS 


they  met  between  twenty  and  thirty  people,  whom  I 
tlie  felkiw  before  mentioned  had  colleeted  together, 
with  a  deiign,  no  doabt»  to  oppose  their  advancing! 
kito  the  country.  I 

Before  this  excursion  some  were  of  opinion,  that  I 
these  people  were  addicted  to  an  unnatural  passion, 
because  they  had  endeavoured  to  entice  some  of  the 
men  into  the  woods  ;  and  in  particular,  one  who  had 
the  care  of  Mr.  Forster^s  plant  bag,  had  been  oncei 
or  twice  attempted-  As  thecarrying  of  bundles,  kz- 
is  the  office  of  the  women  in  this  country,  it  had  oc- 
curred to  the  Captain,  and  he  was  not  singular  ii 
ikkis^  that  the  natives  might  mistake  him,  and  some 
others,  for  women.  This  conjecture  was  fully  veri- 
fied this  day.  For  this  man»  who  was  one  of  the 
party,  and  carried  the  bag  as  usual,  following  the{ 
Captain  down  the  hill,  by  the  words  which  he  un- 
derstood of  the  conversation  of  the  natives,  and  by 
their  actions,  lie  was  well  assured  that  they  consid- 
ered him  an  a  female;  till,  by  some  means,  they  dis-j 
covered  their  mistake,  on  which  they  cried  out,  JEr- 
Tamanife  S  Erramange  !  'Tis  a  man !  'tis  a  man.! 
The  thing  was  so  palpable^  that  every  one  was  ob- 
liged to  acknowledge,  that  they  had  before  mistaken 
his  sex  ;  and  that,  alter  tliey  were  undeceived,  they 
seeroeed  not  to  have  the  least  notion  of  what  they 
had  suspected-  Thts  circumstance  will  shew  how 
comm^m  it  is  to  form  wrong  conjectures  of  things, 
any )ng  people  whose  language  is  not  understood- 1 
Had  it  not  been  for  this  discovery,  no  doubt  these 
people  would  have  been  charged  witli  tins  vile  cus- 
tom. 

In  the  evening  Captain  Cook  took  a  walk  with  some 
of  the  gentlemen«4iito  the  country  on  the  other  side 
of  the  harbour,  where  tliey  had  very  different  treat- 
ment trom  what  they  had  met  with  in  the  momin^v 
The  people  they  now  visited,  among  whom  was  their  | 
friena  Paowang,  being  better  acquainted  with  thern» 
•hewed  a  readiness  to  oblige  them  in  every  thing  in 
their  power*  They  came  to  a  vUla^  ;  it  consisted  of 
aboQt  twenty  houses^  the  most  at  which  need  no 
o^er  description  than  comparing  them  to  the  roof 
of  a  tlmtched  house  in  England^  taken  off  the  wall$ 


SECOND  VOYAGE. 


295 


jrod  placed  on  the  ground*  Some  were  open  at  both 
ends  ;  others  partly  closed  with  reeds;  and  aU  were 
covered  with  palm  thatch.  A  few  of  thetn  were 
thirty  or  forty  feet  long,  and  fourteen  or  sixteen 
broao*  This  part  of  thfc  island  was  well  cultivated, 
open,  and  airy  ;  the  plantations  were  laid  out  by  line, 
abounding  with  plantains,  suear-cant  s,  yams^  and 
ether  roots,  and  stocked  with  huit-tfte^s 

On  the  15th,  having  finished  wooding  and  water- 
ing, a  few  hands  only  were  on  shore  making  brooms» 
the  rest  being  employed  on  board,  setting  op  the 
rij:gtng,  and  putting  the  ship  in  a  condition  for  sea. 
Mr.  Fnrster,  in  his  botanical  excursions,  shot  a  pi- 
geon, in  the  craw  of  which  was  a  wild  nutmeg-  He 
took  some  pains  to  find  the  tree,  but  his  endeavours 
were  without  success. 

On  the  17th  the  Captain  went  ashore,  to  pay  a  visit 
to  an  old  Chief,  who  was  said  to  l^e  king  of  the 
island.— Paowang  took  little  or  no  notice  of  him  ; 
the  Captain  made  him  a  present,  after  which  he  im- 
mediately went  away,  as  if  he  had  got  all  he  came 
for.  His  name  was  Geogy,  and  they  gave  him  the 
title  of  Areeke*  He  was  very  old,  but  had  a  merry 
open  countenance*  He  wore  round  his  waist  a  broad 
red  and  white  checkered  belt,  the  mateiials  and 
manufacture  of  which  seemed  the  same  as  that  of 
Otaheite  cloth  ;  but  this  was  hardly  a  mark  ot  dis^* 
tinction. 

On  the  17th,  about  ten  o'clock,  the  Captain  went 
ashore,  and  found  in  the  crowd  old  Geogy  and  a  son 
of  his,  who  soon  made  him  understand  tliat  they 
wanted  to  dine  with  him ;  and  accordingly  he  brought 
them,  aiiil  two  more,  on  lx)ard.  They  all  called 
tiiem  AreekeeM  (or  kings  \)  but  \%  is  doubtful  if  any 
of  them  had  the  least  pretensions  to  that  title  over 
the  whole  island. 

When  he  got  them  on  board,  he  went  with  them 
all  over  the  ship,  which  they  viewed  with  uncom- 
mon surprise  and  attention.  They  happened  to  have 
for  their  entertainment  a  kind  of  pie  or  pudding 
Jjfiade  of  plantains,  and  some  sort  of  greens  vv  hich 
ftey  *  d  got  from  one  3f  the  natives.    On  this,  and 


Mi 


296 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


©n  yams,  they  made  a  hearty  dinner ;  for,  as  to  tht 
fialt  beef  and  pork,  they  would  hardly  taste  them.  In 
the  aftemonn,  having  made  each  of  them  a  present 
of  a  hatchet,  a  spike-nail,  and  some  medaU,  they 
*vrere  conducted  on  shore. 

On  the  l^h,  having  nothing  else  to  do,  the  Cap* 
tain  went  on  shore  with  some  wood-cutters,  and 
finding  a  good  number  of  the  natives  collected  about 
the  landing-place  as  usualihe  distributed  among  them 
all  the  articles  he  had  with  him,  and  then  went  on 
board  for  more.  In  less  than  an  hour  he  returned, 
just  as  the  people  were  ^tting  some  large  logs  into 
the  boat  At  the  same  time  four  or  five  of  the  na- 
tives stepped, forward  to  see  what  they  were  about, 
and  as  they  did  not  allow  them  to  come  within  cei> 
tain  limits,  unless  to  pass  along  the  beach,  the  sen- 
try ordered  them  back,  which  they  readily  complied 
•with.  At  this,  time  Captain  Cook  having  his  e\  3s 
fixed  on  them,  he  observed  the  sentry  present  his 
piece  (as  he  thought  at  these  men)  and  was  just 
going  to  reprove  him  for  it,  because  he  had  observ- 
ed tnat,  whenever  this  was  done,  some  of  the  na- 
tives would  hold  up  their  arms,  to  let  them  see  they 
•were  equally  ready.  But  he  was  astoni^ed  beyond 
measure  when  the  sentry  fired,  for  he  saw  not  the 
least  cause.  At  this  outrage  most  of  the  people 
fled  ;  it  was  only  a  few  he  could  prevail  on  to  re- 
main. As  they  ran  off,  he  observed  one  man  to  fall ; 
and  he  was  immediately  lifted  up  by  two  others, 
•who  took  him  into  the  water,  washed  his  wound, 
and  then  led  him  oif.  Presently  after  some  came 
find  described  to  the  Captain  the  nature  of  his  wound ; 
and  he  sent  for  the  surgeon.  As  soon  as  he  arrived, 
the  Captain  went  ;^th  him  to  the  man,  whom  they 
found  expiring.  The  ball  had  struck  his  left  arm, 
•which  was  much  shattered,  and  then  entered  his 
body  by  the  shoj*t  ribs,  one  of  which  was  broken* 
The  rascal  who  fired,  pretended  that  a  man  had  laid 
an  arrow  across  his  bow,  and  was  going  to  shoot  at 
him,  so  that  he  apprehended  himself  in  danger. 
JBut  this  was  no  more  than  they  had  always  done^ 
mid  with  no  other  view  than  t9  shew  they  were  arm- 


SECOND  VOYAGE. 


297 


€(1  as  weir  as  they  ;  at  least  there  was  reason  to 
think  so,  as  they  never  went  farther.  What  made 
this  accident  the  more  unfortunate,  was,  it  not  ap- 
pearing to  be  the  man  who  bent  the  bow,  that  was 
shot,  but  one  who  stood  by  him.  This  affair  threw 
the  natives  into  the  utmost  consternation ;  and  the 
few  that  were  prevailed  on  to  stay,  ran  to  the  plan- 
tations,  and  brought  cocoa-nuts,  Sec.  which  they  laid 
down  at  their  feet.  So  soon  were  these  daring  peo- 
ple humbled  !  When  the  Captain  went  on  boardno 
dinner,  they  all  retired,  and  only  a  few  appeared  in 
the  afternoon,  among  whom  was  Paowang.  He 
promised  to  bring  frujt,  &c  the  next  morning,  but 
their  early  departure  put  it  out  of  his  power. 

On  the  20ih  of  August  they  put  to  sea.  These 
people  had  not  the  least  knowledge  of  iron  ;  onse* 
quently,  nails  and  iron  tools,  beads,  6cc>  which  had 
no  gi*eat  a  run  at  the  more  eastern  isles,  were  of 
no  consideration  here  ;  and  cloth  can  be  of  no  use  to 
people  who  go  naked. 

In  t  his  island  hogs  did  not  seem  to  be  scarce  ;  but 
they  saw  not  many  fowls.  These  are  the  only  do- 
mestic aniinals  they  have.  Land  birds  are  not  more 
numerous  than  at  Otaheite,  and  the  other  islands  ; 
but  they  met  with  some  small  birds,  with  a  veiy 
l^eautiful  plumage,  which  they  had  never  seen  be- 
fore There  is  as  great  a  variety  of  trees  and  plants 
here,  as  at  any  island  they  touciied  at,  where  their 
botanists  had  time  to  examine.  The  Captain  never 
saw  any  sort  of  fishing-tackle  amongst  them,  nor 
•^ny  one  out  fishing,  except  on  the  shoals,  or  al«ng 
the  shores  of  the  harbour,  where  they  would  watch 
to  strike  with  a  dart  such  fish  as  came  withm  their 
reach  ;  and  in  this  way  they  were  expert.  They 
seemed  much  to  admire  the  Bfiropean  manner  of 
catching  iisli  with  the  seine. 

These  people  s^re  of  the  middle  size,  rather  slen» 
der  than  otherwise  ;  many  are  little,  but  few  tall  or 
stout ;  the  most  of  them  have  good  features,  and 
agreeable  countenances,  they  seem  to  exclin  the 
use  of  arms,  but  not  to  be  fond  of  labour.  They 
HQver  would  put  a  hand  to  assist  in  any  work  th^^ 


■ } 


\'» 


2M 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


'were  carrying  on,  which  the  people  of  the  othei' 
islands  used  to  delight  in.  They  make  the  females 
do  the  most  laborious  work*  as  if  they  were  pack- 
horses.  A  woman  has  been  seen  in  this  island,  car- 
rying  a  large  bundle  on  her  back,  or  a  child  on  heu 
back  and  a  bundle  under  her  arm,  and  a  fellow 
strutting  before.ker  mth  nothing  but  a  club  or  spear» 
or  some  such  thing. 

l*he  women  are  not  beauties ;  but  they  are  hand-' 
.some  enough  for  the  men,  and  too  liandsome  for  the 
use  that  is  made  of  them.    Both  sexes  are  of  a  very 
dark  colour,  but  not  black ;  nor  hare  they  the  least 
characteristic  of  che  negro  about  them.  They  make 
themselves  blacker  than  they  really  are,  by  paint- 
ing their  faces  with  a  pigment  of  the  colour  of  black 
lead.    They  also  use  another  son  which  is  red,  and 
a  third  sort  brown,  or  a  colour  between  red  and  black* 
All  these,  but  especially  the  first,  they  lay  on,  with 
a  liberal  hand,  not  only  on  the  face,  but  on  the  neck, 
shoulders,  and  breast    The  men  wear  nothing  bu 
a  beft,  and  a  wrapping  leaf.    The  women  have  a 
kind  of  petticoat  made  of  the  filaments  of  the  plan- 
tain tree,  flags,  or  some  such  thing,  which  reaches 
below  the  knee.    Both  sexes  wear  ornaments,  such 
as  bracelets,  ear-rings,  necklaces,  and  amulets.  The 
bracelets  are  chiefly  worn  by  the  men ;  9ome  made 
of  sea-shelis,  and  others  of  those  of  the  cocoa-rnut. 

With  darts  they  kill  both  birds  and  fish,  and  are 
sure  of  hitting  a  mark  within  the  compass  of  the 
crown  of  a  hat,  at  the  distance  of  eight  or  ten  yards; 
but,  at  double  that  distance,  it  is  chance  if  they  hit  a 
xnark  the  size  of  a  man!s  body,  though  they  v^ill 
throw  the  weapon  sixty  or  seventy  yftrds.  They 
always  throw  witlj^ll  their  might,  let  the  distance 
De  what  it  will^  Darts,  bows  and  arrows  are  to 
them  what  muskets  ace  to  Europeans. 

Mr.  Wa'cs  speaking  of  their  dexterity,  says,  "  I 
must  confess  I  have  been  often  led  to  think  the  feats 
■which  Homer  represents  his  heroes  as  performing 
vfith  their  spears,  a  little  too  much  of  the  marvellous 
to  be  admitted  into  ari  heroic  poem  ;  I  mean  whea 
^nfiufd  within  the  straight  stays  ^  AiistoUfw  N^f^ 


SECOND  VOYAGE. 


299 


even  ^  great  an  advocate  for  him  as  Mr.  Pope,  ac- 
knowledges them  to  be  surfiming.  But  since  1  have 
seen  what  these  people  can  do  with  their  wooden 
spears,  and  them  badly  pointed,  and  not  of  a  very 
hard  nature,  I  have  not  the  least  exception  to  any 
one  passage  in  that  great  poet  on  this  account  But, 
if  I  'Bee  fewer  exceptions,  i  can  find  iiliinitely  more 
beauties  in  him  ;  as  lie  has,  I  think,  scarce  an  action, 
circumstance,  or  description  of  any  kind  whatever, 
relating  to  a  spear,  which  I  have  not  seen.^nd  recog- 
nized among  these  people  ;  as  their  whirling  motion* 
and  whistling  noise,  as  they  fly  j  their  quivering:  mo- 
tion, as  they  stick  in  the  ground  when  they  fall ;;  their 
meditating  their  aim,  when  they  are  going  to 
thrr>w  ;  and  their  shaking  them  in  their  hand  as 
they  go  along,  &c.  &c." 

As  soon  as  the  boats  were  hoisted  in,  they  mad^ 
sail,  and  stretched  to  the  eastward,  with  a  fresh 
gale  at  S.  EX  Nothing  material  occurred  till  Sep-f 
teraber  4,  when  looking  S.  &  the  coast  seemed  to 
terminate  in  a  high  promontory,  which  the  Captain 
named  Cape  Colnett,  after  one  of  his  midshipmen, 
who  first  discovered  this  land.  After  a  fev^ctirs 
calm,^they  got  a  breeze  at  S.  E.  and  spent  the  nigh^ 
standing  oft  and  on. 

Sonrie  gaps  or  openings  were  seen  on  the  5^  to 
lie  all  along  the  coast,  whetl^er  they  plied  up'the 
coast  to  the  S  E.  or  !)ore  down  to  N,  W,  'lliey 
chose  the  latter;  and  after  running  two  leagues 
down  the  outside  of  the  reef  (for  such  it  proved)  they 
came  before  an  opening  that  had  the  appearance  of 
a  good  channel.  They  wanted  to  get  on  shore,  to 
have  an  opportunity  to  observe  an  eclipse  of  the 
sun,  whicn  was  soon  to  happen.  With  this  view 
|hey  brought-to,  hoisted  out  two  armed  boats,  and 
sent  them  to  sound  the  channel ;  ten  or  twelve  larKe 
sailing  cupoes  being  then  near  them. ,  They  had  ob- 
served them  coming  offfrom  the  shore  all  themorn-r 
ing,  from  dilPsrent  parts ;  and  sonde  were  lying  on 
the  reef,  fishing,  as  they  supposed.  As  soon  as  they 
till  gm  together,  they  came  down  in  a  body,  aiu^ 
were  pretty  ncay  i^ea  they  were  hoistkig  oat " 


300 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


boats,  which  probably  gave  them  Kome  alarm  ;  for, 
without  stoppinij,  they  hauled  m  for  the. reef,  and 
the  ahip^s  boats  t'ollowed  them.        vii^if^p 

The  boats  haying  made  a  signal  for  a  channel, 
they  stood  in.  Their  sounding  was  from  fifteen  to 
twelve  fathoms,  which  shallowed  gradually,  as  they 
approached  Ule  shore»  when  they  anchored  in  live 
fathoms.  ^ 

rhey  had  hardly  got  to  an  anchor  before  they 
^ere  su rounded  bv  a  great  number  of  the  natives, 
in  sixteen  or  eighteen  canoes,  the  most  of  whom 
were  without  any  sort  of  weapons.  At  iir&t  they 
were  shy  of  coming  near  the  ship  ;  but  in  a  short 
time  they  prevailed  on  the  people  in  one  boat  to  get 
close  enough  to  receive  some  presents.  These  they 
lowered  down  to  them  by  a  rope,  to  which,  in  re- 
turn, they  tied  two  hsh  that  stunk  intolerably.  Th'.'s<3 
mutual  exchanges  bringing  on  a  kind  of  confidence, 
two  ventured  on  board  the  ship  ;  and  presently  after, 
she  was  filled  with  them,  and  they  liad  the  company 
of  sev  eral  at  dinner  in  the  cabin*  Pease  soup,  salt 
beef  and  pork,  they  had  no  curiosity  to  taste  ;  but 
thf y.  ^e  of  some  yams.  Like  all  the  nations  iliey 
had  laitely  seen,  the  men  were  almost  naked,  Tliey 
were  curious  in  examining  every  part  of  the  sliip, 
which  they  viewed  with  uncommon  attention.  They 
haa  not  the  least  knowledge  of  goats,  hogs,  dogs,  or 
cats,and  had  not  even  a  name  for  one  of  them.  They 
seemed  fond  of  large  spike  nails,  and  pieces  of  red 
cloth,  or  indeed  any  other  colour,  but  red  was  their 
favourite* 

After  dinner,  the  Captain  went  on  sho\^  with  two 
armed  boats,  having  with  them  one  of  the  natives 
who  had  attached  himself  to  him<  They  landed  oo 
a  sandy  beach  before  a  vast  number  of  people,  who 
had  got  together  with  no  other  intent  than  to  see 
them ;  for  many  of  them  had  not  a  stick  in  their 
hands ;  consequently  they  were  received  with  greal 
courtesy,  and  with  the  surprise  natural  for  people  to 
express,  at  seeing  men  and  things  sp  new  to  them 
as  they  must  be.    The  Captain  made  presents  to 

fdl  \bsm  hi%  myf  bm^  poiatcd  QUt|  who  Y(^t^ 


SECOND  VOYAGE. 


301 


either  old  men,  or  such  as  seemed  to  be  of  some 
note ;  but  he  tciok  not  the  least  notice  qf  a  few  wo- 
men* who  stood  behind  the  crowd,  keeping  back 
the  Captain's  hand  when  he  was  going  to  ^ive 
them  some  beads  and  medals.  Here  they  found  a 
Chief,  whose  name  was  Teabooma ;  and  they  had 
not  been  on  shore  above  ten  minutes,  before  he  cal- 
led for  silence.  Being  instantly  obeyed  by  every 
individual  present,  he  made  a  short  speech ;  andi 
soon  after  another  Chief  having  called  for  silence, 
made  a  speech  also.  It  was  pleasing  to  tue '  with 
what  attention  they  were  heard.  Their  speeches 
were  composed  of  short  sentences ;  to  each  of  which 
two  or  three  old  men  answei'ed,  by  nodding  their 
heads«and  giving  a  kind  of  grunt,  significant  of  appro* 
bation.  It  was  impossible  for  them  to  know  the  pur- 
port of  these  speeches ;  but  they  had  reason  to  think 
they  were  favourable  to  them,  on  whose  ac^ccunt 
th^y  doubtless  were  made.  The  natives  conducted 
them,  upon  inquiring  for  water,  about  two  miles 
round  the  coast,  te  a  little  straggling  village,  near 
some  mangroves;  there  they  landed,  and  were' 
shewn  fresh  water.  The  ground  near  this  riloUage 
was  finely  cultivated,  being  laid  out  in  plantations , 
of  sugar-canes,  plantains,  yams,  and  other  roota. 
They  heard  the  crowing  of  cocks,  but  saw  none. 
Some  roots  were  baking  on  a  fire,  in  an  earthen  jar, 
which  would  have  held  six  or  eight  gallons ;  nor 
did  they  doubt  its  being  their  own  manufacture. 
As  they  proceeded  up  the  creek,  Mr.  Forster  hav- 
ing shot  a  duck  flying  over  their  heads,  which  was 
the  first  use  these  people  saw  made  of  fire-arms, 
the  native,  whom  Captain  Cook  distinguished  by 
the  name  of  his  friend,  begged  to  have  it ;  and  when 
he  landed,  told  his  countrymen  in  what  manner  it 
was  killed.  The  day  being  far  spent,  and  the  tide* 
not  permitting  them  to  stay  longer  in  the  creek, 
they  took  leave  of  the  peo{^le,  and  got  on  board  a 
little  after  sun'-sct. 

Next  morning  they  were  visited  by  some  hun-« 
dreds  dTthe  natives ;  some  comiiig  in  t  ^oes,  and 
others  swimming  off;  so  that  before  ten  o'clock. 


302 


dJiWAfU  c560K'ft 


their  decks,  and  all  other  parts  of  the  ship,  were 
quite  full  The  Captain's  triend,  who  was  of  the 
number,  brouj^ht  him  a  few  roots,  but  all  the  others 
came  empty  in  respect  to  eatables.  Some  few  had 
with  them  their  arms,  such  as  clubs  and  darts, 
which  they  exchanged  for  nails,  pieces  of  cloth,  &c. 
Next  day  Mr.  Wales,  accompanied  by  Lieutenant 
Clerk,  went  to  make  preparations  for  observing  the 
eclipse  of  the  sun,  which  was  to  be  in  the  after- 
noon*  £ 

In  th^*evthing,  the  Captain  went  ashore  to  the 
vraterii^place.  Ercellent  wood  for  fuel  was  here, 
far  more  convenient  to  procure  than  water,  but 
this  was  an "^ article  thfey  did  not  want  About  seven 
o'clock  in  the  evening  of  September  6,  died  Simon 
Monk,  their  butcher,  a  ftian  much  esteemed  in  the 
ship ;  his  death  was  occasioned  bv  a  fall  down  the 
fore-hatch  way  the  preceding  nignt* 

This  afternoon  a  iish  being  struck  by  one  of  the 
natives  near  the  watering-place,  the  Captain's 
clerk  -purchased  it,  and  sent  it  to  him  after  his  re- 
turn on  board'  It  was  of  a  new  species,  something 
likfe  a  sun>-lis(h,  with  a  large,  long,  ut*^^-'  head.  Hav- 
ing no  suspicion  of  its  being  of  a  poisonous  nature, 
thefy  bt'dered  it  to  be  dressi^d  for  supper ;  but,  very 
luckily,  the  operation  of  drawing  and  describing 
took  up  ko  much  time,  that  it  was  too  late,  so  that 
oWly  the  liver  and  roe  were  dressed,  of  which  the 
two  Mr.  FoTsters  and  the  Captain  did  but  taste. 
About  three  o'clock  in  the  morning,  they  all  found 
themselves  seized  with  an  eiitraordinary  weakness 
and  numbness  allover  their  limbs.  The  Captain 
had  almost  lost  the  sense  of  feeling;  nor  could  he 
distinguish  between  light  and  heavy  bodies,  of  such 
as  he  had  strength  to  move  ;  a  quart  pot,  full  of  wa- 
ter, and  a  feather,  bemg  the  same  in  his  hand. 
They  each  of  them  took.an  emetic,  and  after  that 
k  s#eat,  which  gave  them  much  relief.  In  the 
morning  one  of  the  pigs,  which  had  eaten  the  en- 
trails, was  found  dead.  When  the  natives  came  on 
board,  and  saw  the  fish  hang  up,  they  immediately 
gave  thetn  to  tmderstand  it  was  not  wtioleson^  fooOf 


SECOND  VOYAGE. 


303 


and  expressed  the  utmost  abhorrence  of  it ;  though 
no  one  was  observed  to  do  thi^  when  the  fish  was 
to  be  sold,  or  even  immediately  after  it  was  pur- 
chased* 

On  the  8th,  the  guard  and  a  party  of  men  were 
on  bhore  as  usual.  In  the  afternoon  the  Captain  re* 
ceived  a  message  froni  the  officer,  acquainting  him 
that  Teabooma  the  Chief  was  come,  with  a  present 
consisting  of  a  few  yams  and  ^ugar-canes.  In  return^ 
he  sent  him,  amongst  other  articles,  a  dog  and  a 
bitch,  both  young,  but  nearly  full  grown*  The  dog 
was  red  and  white,  but  the  bitch  was  all  red,  or  the 
crlour  of  an  English  fox.  The  Captain  says,  he 
mentions  this,  because  they  may  prove  the  Adam 
and  Eve  of  their  species  in  that  countrj'.  When  tlie 
officer  returned  on  board  in  the  evening,  he  inform- 
ed the  Captain  that  the  Chief  came,  attended  jy 
about  twenty  men,  so  that  it  looked  like  a  visit  of  ce- 
remony^  It  was  some  time  before  he  would  believe 
the  dog  and  bitch  were  intended  for  him  ;  but  as 
soon  as  he  was  convinced,  he  seemed  lost  in  an  ex* 
cess  of  joy,  and  sent  them  away  immediately. 

Next  morning  early,  the  9th,  Lieutenant  Pickers- 
gill  and  Mr.  Gilbert  were  sent  with  the  launch  and 
cutter  to  explore  the  coast  to  the  west.  The  two  Mr. 
Forsters  and  the  Captain  were  confined  on  board, 
though  much  better,  a  good  sweat  having  had  an 
happy  effect.  In  the  afternoon,  a  man  was  seen, 
both  ashore  and  along-side  the  ship,  said  to  be  a4 
white  as  an  European.  From  the  account  obtained 
of  this  circumstance,  his  whiteness  did  not  proceed 
from  hereditary  descent,  but  from  chance,  or  somp 

disease. 

On  the  10th,  a  party  was  sent  on  shore  as  usual, 
and  Mr.  Forster  was  so  well  recovered  as  to  go  out 
botanizing. 

In  the  evening  of  the  11th,  the  boats  returned, 
when  the  Captain  was  informed,  the  cutter  was  near 
being  lost,  by  suddenly  BBing  with  water,  which 
obliged  thea\  ta  thrpw  several  thiiigs  overboard,  be- 
fore they  could  free  her  %ndstop  th^  le^kshehad 
liprung.    From  a  fishing  canoe,  which  they  met 


304 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


coming  in  from  the  reefs,  they  got  as  much  fish  as^ 
they  could  eat ;  and  they  were  received  by  Teabi, 
the  Chief  of  the  isle  of  Balabea,  and  the  people,  who 
came  in  numbers  to  see  them,  with  g'reat  courtesy. 
In  order  not  to  be  too  much  crowded,  thev  drew  a 
line  on  the  ground,  and  gave  the  natives  to  under- 
stand they  were  not  to  come  within  it.  This  restric- 
tion they  observed ;  and  one  of  them  soon  after 
turned  it  to  his  own  advantage :  for  happening  to 
have  a  few  cocoa-nuts,  which  one  of  the  sailors  want- 
eU  to  buy,  and  he  was  unwilling  to  part  with,  he 
walked  off*,  and  was  followed  by  the  man  who  want- 
ed them.  On  seemg  this  he  sat  down  on  the  sand, 
made  a  circle  round  him»  as  he  had  3een  them  do, 
and  signiBed  that  the  other  was  not  to  come  within 
it ;  which  was  accordingly  observed*  This  story 
the  Captain  says  was  well  attested* 

In  the  afternoon  of  the  ISth,  the  Captain  went  on 
shore,  and  on  a  large  tree,  which  stood  close  to  the 
shore,  near  the  watering-place,  had  an  inscription 
Ciit,  setting  forth  the  shin's  name,  date,  &c.  as  a  tes- 
timony of  their  being  the  first  discoverers  of  this 
country,  as  he  had  done  at  all  others  at  which  they 
had  touched,  where  this  ceremony  was  necessary. 
This  being  done,  they  took  leave  ot  the  natives,  and 
returned  on  board  ;  when  he  ordered  all  the  boats 
to  be  hoisted  in,  in  ordei*  to  be  ready  to  put  to  sea  iu 
the  morning. 

The  people  of  this  island  are  strong,  robu: '  rctivei 
and  well-made ;  they  are  also  courteous  and  friend- 
ly, and  not  in  the  least  addicted  to  pilfering,  which 
is  more  than  can  be  said  of  any  other  nation  in  this 
sea.  They  are  nearly  of  the  same  colour  as  the  na- 
tives of  Tanna,  but  have  better  features,  more  agree- 
able countenances,  and  are  a  much  stouter  race ;  a 
few  being  seen  who  measured  six  feet  four  inches. 
Their  hair  and  beards  arc  in  general  black.  The 
former  is  very  much  frizzled ;  so  that,  at  first  sight, 
it  appears  like  that  of  a  negro.  It  is,  nevertheless, 
very  dift^reQt ;  though  both  cp*  Tser  and  stronger. 
8ome  who  wear  it  lofng,  tie  it  up  on  the  erown  of  the 
head  ;  others  buffer  only  a  large  lock  to  igrow  on 


SECOND  VOYAGK. 


3r5  • 


each  side,  which  thsy  tie  up  in  clul>8 ;  many  others, 
as  well  as  all  the  women,  wear  it  cropped  short. 
Tliese  rough  heads  most  probably  want  frequently 
scratching ;  for  'which  purpose  they  have  a  most 
excellent  mstrument.  1  his  is  a  kind  of  comb  made 
of  sticks  of  hard  wood,  from  seven  to  nine  or  ten 
inches  long,  and  about  the  thickness  of  knitting  nee- 
dles. A  number  of  these,  seldom  exceeding  twenty, 
but  generally  fewer,  are  fastened  together  at  one 
end,  parallel  to,  and  near  1-lOth  of  an  inch  from  each 
other.  The  other  ends,  which  are  a  little  pointed, 
will  spread  out  or  open  like  the  sticks  of  a  fan,  by 
•which  means  they  can  beat  up  the  quarters  of  an 
hundred  lice  at  a  time*  These  combs  or  scratchers, 
for  they  serve  both  purposes,  they  always  -wear  in 
their  hair  on  one  side  of  their  head.  The  people  of 
Tanna  have  an  instrument  of  this  kind  for  the  same 
l\ise ;  but  theirs  is  forked,  never  exceeding  three  or 
four  prongs,  and  sometimes  only  a  small  pointed 
stick.  Their  beards,  which  are  of  the  same  crisp 
nature  as  their  hair,  are  for  the  most  part  worn 
phort.  Swelled  and  ulcerated  legs  and  feet  are  com- 
pen  among  the  men,  as  also  a  swelling  of  the  scro- 
tum. It  is  not  known  whether  this  is  occasioned  by 
iisease,  or  by  the  mode  of  applving  the  wrapper, 
^hich  they  use  as  at  Tanna  and  Mallicollo.  This  is 
their  only  covering,  and  is  made  generally  of  the 
")ark  of  a  tree,  but  sometimes  of  leaves.  The  small 
)ieces  of  cloth,  paper,  &c.  which  they  got  from 
[hem,  were  commonly  applied  to  this  use.  Some 
'lad  a  kind  of  concave,  cylindrical,  stiff  black  cap, 
'hich  appeared  to  be  a  great  ornament  among  them, 
ind  they  supposed  was  only  worn  by  men  of  note,  or 
warriors.  A  large  sheet  of  strong  paper,  when  they 
Sot  one  in  exchange  for  any  thing,  was  generally 
applied  to  this  use. 

'fheir  houses,  or  at  least  most  of  them,  are  circu- 
ir ;  something  like  a  bee-hive,  and  full  as  close  and 
'arm.  The  entrance  is  by  a  small  door,  or  long 
luare  hole,  just  big  enough  to  admit  a  man  bent 
[ouble.  The  side-walls  are  about  four  feet  and  a 
alf  high ;  but  the  roof  is  lofty;  and  peaked  t©  a  point 
'  VOL.  h  €  c 


•■■'♦. 


306 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


at  the  top ;  above  vhich  is  a  post,  or  stick  of  wood, 
'Which  is  generally  ornamented  either  with  carving* 
or  shells,  or  both'.  In  most  of  them  they  founi  two 
fire-places,  and  commonly  a  fire  burning  ;  and  as 
there  was  fiO  vent  for  tue  smoke  but  by  the  door,  the 
whole  housfc^  was  both  smoky  and  hot,  insomuch  that 
they,  who  were  not  used  to  such  an  atmosphere, 
could  hardly  endure  it  a  ipoment 

In  some  respects  their  habitations  are  neat ;  for, 
besides  the  ornaments  at  top,  there  were  some  with 
carved  door-posts.  Upon  the  whole  their  houses  are| 
better  calculated  for  a  cold  than  a  hot  climate ;  anc 
as  there  are  no  par'^itions  in  them,  they  can  have  lit- 
tle privacy. 

They  have  no  great  variety  of  household  utensils; 
earthen  jars  being  the  only  article  worth  noticej 
Each  family  has,  at  least,  one  of  them,  in  whicli 
they  bake  their  roots,  and  perhaps  their  fish,  &c 
The  fire  by  which  they  cook  their  victuals,  is  onth« 
outside  of  each  house,  in  the  open  air. 

They  subsist  chiefly  on  roots  and  fish,  and  the 
bark  of  a  tree,  which  also  grows  in  the  West  Indies 
This  they  roast,  and  are  almost  continually  chewing^ 
Water  is  their  only  liquor ;  at  least,  they  never  saw 
any  other  made  use  of.  It  seems  to  be  a  country  un- 
able to  support  many  inhabitants*  Nature  has  beei 
less  bountiful  to  it,  than  to  any  other  tropical  island 
known  in  this  sea.  The  greatest  part  of  its  surfa 
consists  of  barren  rocky  mountains  ;  and  the  grass 
&c-  growing  on  them  is  useless  to  people  who  have 
no  cattle. 

Nevertheless,  here  are  several  plants,  &c.  com- 
inon  to  the  eastern  and  northern  islands,  and  even  a 
species  of  the  passion-flower,  which  has  never  before 
been  known  to  grow  wild  any  where  but  in  America. 
The  botanistf  aid  not  complain  tor  want  of  employ^ 
ment  at  this  place ;  every  day  bringing  to  light  some 
thing  new  in  botany  or  other  branches  of  natural  hi* 
tory.  Land  birds,  indeed,  are  not  numerous,  bu4 
several  are  new  ;  or  at  least  such  as  they  never  sal 
before. 

All  their  endeavours  to  get  the  name  of  thf?  whc 


SECOND  voyage: 


;o7 


island,  proved  ineffectiia'.  Probably,  it  is  too  large 
for  thetn  to  know  by  one  name.  Whenever  they 
made  this  inquiry,  they  alw  ays  gave  them  the  name 
of  some  district  or  place,  whiich  they  pointed  tp. 
Hence  Ca^itain  Cook  imagines  that  the  country  is 
divided  into  several  districts,  each  governed  by  a 
Chief ;  but  they  know  nothing  of  the  extent  of  his 
power.  Balade  was  the  name  of  the  district  they 
were  at,  and  Feabooma  the  Chief.  He  lived  on  the 
other  side  of  the  ridge  of  hills ;  so  that  they  had  but 
little  of  his  company,  and  therefore  could  not  see 
muchi  of  his  power-  Tea  seems  to  be  a  title  pre- 
fixed to  the  names  of  all,  or  most  of  their  Chiefs  or 
great  men.  The  Captain  was  by  one  of  their  prin- 
cipal men  called  Tea  Cook. 

Their  fishing  implements  are  turtle  nets,  made  of 
the  filaments  of  the  plantain-tree  twisted ;  and 
small  hand  nets,  with  very  minute  meshes,  made  of 
fine  twine,  and  fisli-gigs.  llieir  general  method  of 
fishing,  is  to  lie  on  the  reefs  in  shoal  water,  and  to 
strike  the  fish  that  may  come  in  their  way. 

The  women  of  this  country,  and  likewise  those  of 
Tanna,  are  far  more  chaste  than  those  of  the  most 
eastern  islands-  The  Captain  says  he  never  heard 
I  that  one  of  his  people  obtained  the  least  favour  from 
any  of  them.  The  ladies  here  would  frequently  di- 
vert themselves,  by  going  a  little  aside  with  the  of- 
ficers, as  if  they  meant  to  be  kind  to  them,  and  then 
would  i*un  away  laughing  at  them.  Whether  this 
was  chastity  or  coquetry,  cannot  be  determined,  nor 
is  it  material,  since  the  consequences  were  the  same. 

Every  thing  being  in  readint-ss  to  put  to  sea,  at 
sun-rise,  on  the  13th  of  September,  they  weighed^ 
and  with  a  fine  gale  at  E-  by  S.  stood  out  for  the  same 
channel  they  came  in  by. 

Nothing  remarkable  occurred  till  the  28th  in  the 
evening,  when  two  low  islots  were  seen  bearing  W. 
by  S.  and  as  they  were  connected  by  breakers,  which 
seemed  to  join  thoae  on  their  starboard,  it  became 
necessary  to  haul  ofFS-  W.  in  order  to  get  clear  of 
them.  At  three,  more  breakers  appeared,  extend- 
ing from  the  low  isles  towards  the  15.  E.    They  now 


/ 


G08 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


hauled  out  close  to  the  wind,  and  in  an  hour  and  an 
half  were  almost  on  board  the  breakers,  and  obliged 
to  tack.  From  the  roast-head,  they  were  seen  to 
extend  as  far  as  E,  S.  £•  and  the  smoothness  of  the 
sea  made  it  probable  that  they  extended  to  the  north 
of  east,  and  that  they  were  in  a  manner  surrounded 
by  them. 

They  spent  the  night  in  making  short  boards,  un- 
der the  terrible  apprehension,  every  moment,  of  fall- 
ing on  some  of  the  many  dangers  which  surrounded 
them. 

Day-light  shewed  that  their  fears  were  not  ill- 
founded,  and  that  they  had  been  in  the  most  immi- 
nent danger,  having  had  breakers  continually  under 
their  lee,  and  at  a  very  l^Jtle  distance  from  thenu 
They  owed  their  safety  to  the  interposition  of  Provi- 
dence, a  good  look-out,  and  the  very  brisk  manner  la 
which  the  ship  was  managed;  for,  as  they  were 
standing  to  the  north,  the  people  on  the  lee  gangway 
and  forecastle  saw  breakers  under  the  lee-bow» 
tf  h  jch  they  escaped  by  quickly  tacking  the  ship. 

They  were  now  almost  tired  of  a  coast  which  they 
could  no  longer  explore,  but  at  the  risk  of  losing  the 
ship,  and  ruining  tne  whole  voyage* 

The  ship  was  at  tliis  time  conducted  bv  an  officer 
placed  at  the  mast4iead  ;  soon  after,  witli  great  ctf- 
iiculty,  they  arrived  within  a  mile  of  laud,  and  were 
obliged  to  anchor  in  thirty-nine  fathoms  water ;  they 
then  hoisted  out  a  boat,  in  which  the  Captain  went 
ashore,  accompanied  by  the  botanists.  Here  they 
found  several  tall  trees,  which  had  been  observed 
before  at  a  considerable  distance  ;  they  appeared  to 
be  a  kind  of  spruce  pine,  very  pioper  for  i»pars, of 
of  which  they  were  in  want ;  after  making  this  dis- 
covery, they  hastened  on  board,  in  order  to  h^ 
roore  time  after  dinner,  when  they  landed  again 
with  two  boats,  accompanied  by  several  of  the  offi- 
cers.and  gentlemen,  having  with  them  the  carpen* 
ter  and  some  of  tlie  crew,  to  cut  down  such  trees  as 
were  wanting. 

i'he  little  isle  upon  which  they  landed,  is  a  mere 
eand'bank,  not  exceeding  three-foniths  of  h  miicia 


SECOND  VOYAGE. 


309 


Circuit,  and  on  it,  besides  these  pines,  grew  the  £t08 
tree  of  Otaheite,  and  a  variety  of  other  trees,  shrubs, 
and  plants.  These  gave  sufficient  enjployment  to 
the  botanists,  all  the  time  they  stayed  upon  it,  and 
occasioned  the  Captain's  calling  it  Botany  Isle.  On 
it  were  several  water-snakes,  some  pigeons  and 
doves,  seemingly  different  from  any  they  had  seen. 
One  of  the  officers  shot  a  hawk,  which  proved  to  be 
of  the  very  same  sort  as  the  English  fishing-hawks. 
Several  fire-places,  branches  and  leaves  very  little 
decayed,  remains  of  turtle,  &c.  shewed  that  people 
had  lately  been  on  the  isle.  The  hull  of  a  canoe  lay 
wrecked  in  the  sand.  They  were  now  no  longer  at 
a  loss  to  know  of  what  trees  they  make  their  canoes, 
as  they  can  be  no  other  than  these  pines. 

They  also  found  on  the  isle  a  sort  of  scurvy-grass, 
and  a  plant  called  by  them  Lamb's  Quarters,  which, 
when  boiled,  eats  like  spinnage- 

Having  got  ten  or  twelve  small  spars  to  make 
studding-sail  booms,  boat's  masts,  &c*  and  night  ap- 
proaching, they  returned  with  them  onboard. 

The  purJDose  for  which  they  anchored  under  this 
isle  being  answered,  it  was  necessary  to  consider 
what  was  next  to  be  done.  They  had,  from  the  top- 
mast head,  taken  a  view  of  the  sea  around,  and  oo- 
served  the  whole,  to  the  west,  to  be  strewed  with 
small  islots,  sand-banks,  and  breakers,  to  the  utmost 
extent  of  their  horizon.  This  induced  the  Captain 
to  try  to  get  without  the  shoals  ;  that  is,  to  the 
southward  of  them. 

Next  morning,  at  day-break,  the  30th  of  Septem- 
ber, they  got  under  sail. 

The  wind  continuing  at  S.  W.  W.S.  W-and  west, 
blowing  a  fresh  gale,  and  now  and  then  squalls, 
with  showers  of  rain,  they  steered  to  S.  S.  E.  without 
meeting  with  any  remarkable  occurrence  till  near 
noon  on  the  6th  of  October,  when  it  fell  calm.  In 
the  afternoon,  they  had  a  boat  in  the  water,  and  shot, 
two  albatrosses,  which  were  geese  to  them.  They 
had  seen  one  of  this  kind  of  birds  the  day  before, 
which  was  the  first  they  observed  siijce  they  had 
been  within  the  tropic. 

Cca 


"i      H 


310 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


In  the  evening  of  the  8th,  Mr.  CooTper  havmg 
struck  a  porpoise  with  a  harpoon,  \t  was  necessary  to 
bring  to,  and  have  two  boats  out,  before  they  could 
kill  it,  and  get  it  on  board.  It  was  six  feet  long  ;  a 
female  of  that  kind,  which  naturalists  call  dolphins  of 
the  ancients,  and  which  difters  from  the  other  kind 
of  porpoise.inthe  head  and  jaw,  having  them  long  and 
i)omted.  This  had  eighty-eight  teeth  in  each  jaw- 
The  haslet  and  lean  flesh  were  to  them  a  feast.  The 
latter  was  a  littje  liverish,  but  had  not  the  least 
fishy  taste.     It  was  eaten  roasted,  boiled,  and  fried, 

.first  soaking  it  in  warm  water.  Indeed,  little  ait 
was  wanting  to  make  any  thing  fresh  palatable  to 

;  those  who  had  been  living  so  long  on  salt  meat. 

They  continued  to  stretch  to  W-  S.  W.  till  the 
tenth,  when  at  day-bi'eak  they  dicovered  land,  bear- 
ing S-  W.  which  on  a  pearer  approach  they  found  to 
be  an  island  of  good  height,  and  five  leagues  in  cir- 
cuit-   It   was  named  Norfolk  Isle,  in  honour  of  the 

<  iioble  family  of  Howard.  After  dinner  a  party  em- 
barked in  tvvo  boats,  and  landed  on  the  island  with- 
out any  difficulty,  behind  some  large  rocks,  which 
lined  part  of  the  coast. 

They  found  it  uninhabited,  and  were  undoubted- 

^  iy  the  first  that  ever  set  foot  on  it.  I'hey  observed 
many  trees  and  plants  common  at  New  Zealand; 
and,  in  particular,  the  flax  plant,  which  is  rather 
more  luxuriant  here  than  in  any  part  of  that  coun- 
try ;  but  the  chief  produce  is  a  sort  of  spruce  pine, 
•which  grows  in  abundance,  and  to  a  large  size, many 
of  the  trees  being  as  thick,  breast  high,  as  two  men 
could  fathom,  and  excedingly  straight  and  tall.    It 

I  js  a  good  deal  like  the  Quebec  pine.  For  about  two 
hundred  yards  from  the  shore,  the  grouRd  is  cover- 
ed so  thick  with  shrubs  and  plants,  as  hardly  to  be 

K  penetrated  farther  inland.  The  woods  were  per- 
fectly clear  and  free  from  underwood,  and  the  soil 
seemed  rich  and  deep. 

They  found  the  same  kind  of  pigeons,  parrots, 
and  paiToquets,  as  in  New  Zealand,  rails,  and  some 
9>mall  birds.  The  sea  fowl  are  white  boobies,  gulls, 
terns,  Sec  which  breed  undisturbed  on  the  chores, 

|ind  m  U'C  cliflfs  of  tih^  rcck&j. 


SECOND  VOYAGE. 


311 


On  the  isle  is  fresh  water ;  and  cabbage-palm, 
t^ood-sorrel,  8ow-thistle»  and  samphire,  abounding 
in  some  places  on  the  sliore ;  they  brought  on  board 
as  much  of  each  sort  as  the  time  they  had  to  gather 
them  would  admit. 

The  approach  of  night  brought  them  all  on  board, 
when  they  hoisted  in  the  boats,  and  stretched  to 
3S.N.E. 

After  leaving  Norfolk  Isle,  they  steered  for  New 
Zealand,  intending  to  touch  at  Queen  Charlotte's 
Sound,  to  refresh  the  crew,  and  put  the  ship  in  a 
condition  to  encounter  the  southern  latitudes. 

On  the  irth,  at  day -break,  they  saw  Mount  Eg- 
mont,  which  was  covered  with  everlasting  snow, 
bearing  S.  E.  half  E.  Their  distance  from  the  shore 
was  about  eight  leagues. 

On  the  18th,  at  eleven  o'clock,  they  anchored  be*- 
fore  Shi[)  Cove ;  the  strong  flurries  from  off  the  land 
not  permitting  them  to  get  in. 

In  the  afternoon,  as  they  could  not  move  the  ship, 
the  Captain  went  into  the  Cove,  with  the  &eine,  to 
try  to  catch  some  fish.  The  first  thing  he  did  aftey 
landing,  was  to  look  for  the  bottle  he  left  hid  when 
last  here,  in  which  was  the  memorandum.  It  was 
taken  away,  but  by  whom  it  did  not  appear*  Two 
hauls  with  the  seine  producing  only  four  small  fish, 
they  in  some  measure  made  up  for  this  deficiency, 
by  shooting  several  birds,  which  the  flowers  in  the 
garden  had  drav/n  thither,  as  also  sonje  old  shags, 
and  by  robbing  the  nests  of  some  young  ones. 

Being  little  wind  next  morning,  they  weighed  and 
warped  the  ship  into  the  Cove,  and  there  moored 
with  the  two  bowers.  Here  the  forge  was  erected, 
and  the  ship  and  rigging  repaired.  The  Captain 
gave  orders  that  vegetables  (of  which  there  were 
plenty)  should  be  boiled  every  morning  with  oat* 
meal  and  portable  broth  for  breakfast,  and  with 
pease  and  broth  every  day  for  dinner'  for  the  whole 
crew,  over  and  above  their  usual  allowance  of  salt 
meat. 

In  the  afternoon,  as  Mr.  Wales  was  setting  up 

bis  observatory,  be  discovered  ^at  jsev^ral  tre^ 


■Hi 


312 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


■which  were  standing  when  they  last  sailed  from  this 
place,  had  been  cut  down  with  saws  and  axes.  It 
-was  therefore  now  no  longer  to  be  doubted,  that  the 
Adventure  had  been  in  this  Cove  after  they  had 
left  it.  i 

;  Nothing  remarkable  happened  till  the  24th,  when. 
In  the  mornnig,  two  canoes  were  seen  coming  dowa 
the  sound  ;  but  as  soon  as  they  perceived  the  ship, 
they  retired  behind  a  point  on  the  west  side.  Alter 
breakfast  they  went  in  a  boat  to  look  for  them  ;  and 
as  they  proceeded  along  the  shore,  they  shot  several 
birds.  The  report  of  the  muskets  gave  notice  of 
their  approach,  and  the  natives  discovered  them- 
selves in  Shag  Cove  by  hallooing  to  them.  The 
moment  they  landed,  they  knew  them.  Joy  then 
took  place  of  fear ;  and  the  rest  of  the  natives  hur- 
ried out  of  the  woods,  and  embraced  tliem  over  and 
over  again,  leaping  and  skipping  about  like  mad- 
men ;  but  it  was  observed  that  they  would  not  suffer 
some  women,  whom  they  saw  at  a  distance,  to  come 
near  them.  After  they  had  made  them  presents  of 
hatchets,  knives,  and  what  else  they  had  with  them, 
they  gave  in  return  a  large  quantity  of  fish,  which 
they  had  just  caught.  After  a  short  stay,  they  took 
leave,  and  went  on  board. 

Next  morning  early,  the  inhabitants  paid  them  a 
visit  on  board,  and  brought  with  them  a  quantity  of 
fine  fish,  which  they  exchanged  for  Otaheitean  cloth* 
&c.  and  then  returned  to  their  habitations. 

Oil  the  26th,  the  natives  brought  a  plentiful  sup- 
ply of  fish. 

On  the  28th,  a  party  went  a  shooting  to  West  Bay, 
and  came  to  the  place  where  they  left  tlie  hogs  and 
fowls  ;  but  saw  no  vestiges  of  ihem,  nor  of  any  body 
having  been  there  since.  In. their  return,  having 
«isited  the  natives,  they  got  some  fish  in  exchange 
for  trifles  which  thev  gave  them.  As  they  were 
coming  away,  Mr.  Forater  thought  he  heard  the 
squeaking  of  a  pig  in  the  woods,  close  by  their  habi- 
tations; probably  they  may  iiave  those  they  left 
vith  them  when  last  here.  In  the  evening,  they  got 
pn  board  with  about  a  dozen  and  ah^Ut'of  wild  fowUi 


rSECOND.VOYAGIf- 


SIQ 


Aftgs,  and  sca^pies.  The  sportsmen  who  had  been 
cut  in  the  woods  near  the  ship»  were  more  success- 
fal  among  the  small  birds. 

On  the  6th,  their  old  friends  having  taken  up  their 
abode  near  them,  one  whose  name  wau  Pedro,  (a 
man  of  some  note)  made  the  Captain  a  present  of  a 
staff  of  honour,  such  as  the  Chiefs  generally  carry. 
In  return,  he  dressed  him  in  a  suit  of  old  clothes,  of 
which  he  was  not  a  little  proud.  He  had  a  fine  per*- 
son,  and  a  good  presence,  and  nothing  but  his  colouf 
distinguished  him  from  an  European*  Havmg  got 
fcim^  and  another,  into  a  communicative  mood,  he 
began  to  inquire  of  them  if  the  Adventure  had  been 
there  during  his  absence ;  and  they  gave  him  to  un« 
derstand,  in  a  manner  which  admitted  of  no  doubt» 
that,  soon  after  they  were  gone,  she  arrived  ;  that 
she  staid  between  ten  and  twenty  days»  and  had 
been  gone  ten  months.  t- 

After  breakfast,  he  took  a  number  of  hands»  ia 
order  ta  catch  a  sow  that  had  been  there  for  some 
time  (her  companion  having  been  killed)  to  put^het* 
to  the  boar,  and  remove  her  to  some  other  place ;  but 
the^f  returned  without  seeing  her.  Some  of  the  natives 
badt  been  there  not  long  betore,  as  their  fires  were 
yet  burning  i  and  they  had  undoubtedly  taken  her 
away.         .  .  '^  '  ■ 

Tlie  8th,  they  put  two  pigs,  a  boar  and  a^  sow,  on 
shcire  in  the  cove  next  without  (Cannibal  Cove ;  so 
that  it  is  hardly  possible  all  the  methods  the  Caj)- 
taiii  hsLS  taken  to  stock  this  country  with  these  ani- 
Kials  should  fail. 

On  the  9th,  the  natives  having  brought  a  very 
large  and  seasonable  supply  of  fish,  the  Captain  be- 
litoWed  on  Pedro  a  present  of  an  empty  oil-jar, 
ivhich  made  him  as  happy  as  a  prince- 

In  the  afternoon,  a  party  went  on  shore  into  one  of 
the  coves,  where  were  two  families  of  the  natives 
variously  etnployed  ;  some  sleeping,  some  making 
mats,  others  roasting  fish  and  fire-roots»  and  one  girl 
■was  heating  of  stones-  As  soon  as  the  stones  were 
kot,  s^e  took  them  out  of  the  fire  and  gave  them  to 
fia  old  womaDf  who  was  sitting  in  the  hut  She  placed 


I 


P"iii^iHP 


3U 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


them  in  a  heap,  laid  over  them  a  handful  of  green 
celery,  and  over  that  a  coarse  triat*  and  then  squat- 
ted herself  down,  on  her  heels,  on  the  top  of  all; 
thus  making;  a  kind  of  Dutch  warming-pan,  on  whicli 
she  sat  as  close  as  a  hare  on  her  seat.  The  Captain 
says  he  should  hardly  have  mentioned  this  operation, 
if  he  had  thought  it  had  no  other  view  tlian  to  warm 
the  old  woman's  back'  'de.  He  rather  supposes  it 
was  intended  to  cure  some  disorder  she  might  have 
on  her,  which  the  steams  arising  from  the  greea 
celery  might  be  a  specific  for. 


rnt 


BOOK  III. 


'**• 


From  leaving'  Kevj  Zealand  to  their  Return  to  pnglani^ 

.     .»■■ 

ON  the  10th  of  November,  tliey  weighed  and 
'  stood  out  of  the  Sound,  and  steered  for  Cape 
Campbell.  At  four  in  the  afternoon,  they  passed 
the  Cape,  at  the  distance  of  four  or  five  leagues. 

The  next  morning  the  wind  veered  round  by  the 
west  to  south,  and  forced  them  more  to  the  east 
than  they  had  any  view  of  going.  The  Captain's 
intention  now  was  to  cross  this  vast  ocean,  so  as  to 
pass  over  those  parts  which  were  leit  unexplored 
the  preceding  summer. 

On  Saturday  the  17th  of  December  they  made  the 
land,  extending  from  N.  &  by  N.  to  E-  by  S.  about 
six  leagues  distant.  On  this  discovery,  they  wore 
and  brought-to,  with  the  ship's  head  to  the  south  ; 
and  having  sounded,  found  seventy-five  fathoms 
water,  the  bottom  stone  and  shells.  The  land  now 
before  them  could  be  no  other  than  the  west  coast 
of  Terra  del  Fuego,  and  near  the  west  entrance  of 
the  Streights  of  Magalhaens. 

This  was  the  first  run  that  had  been  made  direct- 
ly across  this  ocean,  in  a  high  southern  latitude. 
The  Captain  savs  that  he  never  made  a  passage, 
any  where,  of  such  length,  where  so  few  interesting 


SECOND  VOYAGE, 


315 


circumstances  occurred.  For,  the  variation  of  the 
compass  exsepted,  he  met  with  nothing  e'se  worth 
notice.  Here  they  took  their  leave  ot  the  South  Pa- 
cific Ocean.  •        . 

On  the  18th  of  December,  as  they  continued  to 
range  the  coast,  about  two  leagues  distance,  at 
eleven  o'clock  they  passed  a  projecting  point,  which 
ivas  called  Cape  (iloucester.  It  shews  a  round  sur- 
face of  considerable  height,  and  has  much  the  ap- 
J)earance  of  being  an  island,  distant  seventeen 
eagues  from  the  isle  of  Landfall. 

After  passing  the  two  islots,  they  steered  E.  S.  E. 
crossing  the  great  bay  of  St.  Barbara. 
"  On  the  20th,  at  noon,  they  observed  York  Min- 
ster, then  distant  five  leagues.  At  ten  o'clock,  a 
breeze  springing  up  at  E.  by  S.  they  took  this  op- 
portunity to  stand  in  for  the  land  to  recruit  their 
stock  of  wood  and  water,  and  take  a  view  of  the 
country. 

In  standing  in  for  the  east  side  of  York  Minster, 
they  had  forty,  thirty-seven,  fifty,  and  sixty  fathoms 
•water.  Upon  gohig  in  farther,  it  shallowed,  and 
they  anchored  in  thirty  fathoms,  the  bottom  sand 
and  broken  shells. 

Here  was  found  plenty  of  wood  and  water,  and 
here  they  set  about  doing  what  was  necessary  to  the 
«hip,  the  outside  of  which  was  become  very  foul. 
The  Captain  was  now  told  of  a  melancholy  accident 
•which  had  befallen  one  of  their  marines-  He  had 
not  been  seen  since  eleven  or  twelve  o'clock  the 
preceding  night.  It  was  supposed  that  he  had  fal- 
len over-board,  out  of  the  head,  where  he  had  been 
last  seen,  and  was  drowned. 

On  the  23d,  Mr.  Pickersgill  was  sent  in  the  cutter 
to  explore  the  east  side  of  the  Soui.d,  with  an  intent 
to  survey  the  island  under  which  they  were  at  an- 
<:hor,  and  which  the  Captain  called  Shag-Island 

About  seven  in  the  evening  he  returned,  and  in- 
formed the  Captain,  that  the  land  opposite  to  their 
station  was  an  island,  which  he  had  been  round;  that 
between  it  and  the  east  head  lay  a  cove,  in  which 
"were  many  geese;  one  only  of  which  he  got,  be- 
sides some  young  goslings- 


pli 


CAPTAIN  C00K*3 


This  information  induced  them  to  make  up  two 
shooting  parties  next  day  ;  Mr.  Pickersgill  and  hi» 
associates  going  in  the  cutter,  and  the  Captain  and 
the  botaniste  in  the  pinnace.  Mr.  Pickersgill  went 
by  tlie  N.  E.  side  of  the  islarid  above  kwentioncd, 
which  obtained  the  name  of  Goose  Island ;  and  the 
other  boat  went  by  tlie  S.  W.  side,  and  presently 
found  sport  enough ;  for  in  the  south  side  of  the 
island  were  abundance  of  geese.  It  happened  to  be 
the  moulting  season  ;  and  the  most  of  them  were  on 
shore  for  that  pui^pose,  and  could  not  fly.  There 
being  a  high  surf,  they  found  great  difficulty  in  land- 
ing, and  very  bad  climbing  over  the  rocks  when 
they  were  landed  ;  so  that  hundreds  of  the  geese  es- 
caped, some  into  the  sea,  and  others  up  into  the  land. 
They,  however,  by  one  means  jr  other,  got  sixty- 
two,  with  which  they  returned  on  board  all  heamily 
tired ;  but  the  acquisition  they  had  made  over  bal- 
anced every  other  consideration,  and  they  sat  down 
^ith  a  good  apoetite  to  supper  on  part  of  what  the 
preceding  day  had  produced.  Mr  Pickei*8gill  and 
his  associates  had  got  on  board  some  time  before 
with  fourteen  geese,  so  that  they  were  able  to  make* 
distribution  to  the  whole  crew,  which  was  the  more 
acceptable  on  account  of  the  approaching  festivals  ; 
for  had  not  Providence  thus  singularly  provided  for 
ihem,  their  Christmas  cheer  must  have  been  salt 
beef  and  pork. 

The  next  morning,  the  25th,  some  of  the  natives 
paid  them  a  visit.  They  are  a  little,  ugly,  half- 
starved,  beardless  race  ;  not  a  tall  person  appear- 
ed amongst  them.  They  were  almost  naked ;  their 
clothing  was  a  seal-skin  ;  somr  had  two  or  three 
sewed  together,  so  as  to  make  a  cloak  which 
reached  to  the  knees  :  but  the  most  of  them  had 
only  one  skin,  hardly  large  enough  to  cover  their 
shoulders ;  and  all  their  lower  parts  were  quite  nakt 
ed.  The  women  cover  their  nakedness  with  tlie 
flap  of  a  seal-skin,  but  in  other  respects  are  clothed 
like  the  men.  Two  young  children  were  seen  at  the 
breast  entirely  naked ;  thus  they  are  inured  from 
their  infancy  to  cold  and  kardship?*    They  had  with. 


■  wi^     .  **  ••  » ' 


SECOND  VOYAGE. 


(hem  bowtand  arrows ;  and  darts,  or  ratherharpoons, 
made  of  bone,  and  fitted  to  a  staff.  Perhaps  they 
were  intended  to  kill  seals,  and  fish ;  they  mar  alsa 
kill  whales  with  them,  as  the  Esquimaux  do.  They» 
and  every  thing  thejr  had,  smelt  most  intolerably 
of  train  oil. 

The  women  and  children  remained  in  their  ca* 
noes.  These  were  made  of  bark  ;  and  in  each  waa 
a  fire,  over  which  tne  poor  creatures  huddled 
themselves.  They  do  n(^  carry  a  fire  in  their  ca- 
noes for  this  purpose  only  ;  but  rather  that  it  may 
be  always  ready  to  remove  ashore  wherever  they 
land.  They  likewise  carry  in  their  canoet»  large 
seal  hides  to  shelter  them  when  at  sea,  and  to 
serve  as  covering  to  their  huts  on  shore  ;  and  oc*" 
casionally  to  be  used  for  sails. 

They  all  retired  before  dinner,  and  did  not  wait 
to  partake  of  their  Christmas  cheer*  Indeed  no  one 
iovitedthem,  and  for  good  reasons  ;  their  dirty  per- 
sons, and  the  stench  they  carried  about  them,  were 
enough  to  spoil  the  appetite  of  any  European,  and 
that  would  have  been  a  real  disappohitment,  as  the. 
ship's  company  had  not  experienced  such  fare  for 
some  time.  Roast  and  boiled  geese,  goose-pye,  &c. 
was  a  treat  little  kndwn  to  them,  and  they  had  yet 
some  Madeira  wine  left,  which  was  the  only  article 
of  provision  that  was  mended  by  keeping ;  so  that 
their  friench  in  England  did  not,  perhaps,  celebrate 
Christmas  more  cheerfully  than  they  did. 

Next  day  the  natives  made  another  visit ;  and  itbe* 
ing  distressing  to  see  them  stand  trembling  and  nak- 
I  ed  on  the  deck,  the  Captain  humanely  gave  thena 
some  baize  and  dd  canvass  to  cover  themselves. 

On  the  27th,  every  thing  was  got  off  the  shore, 
I  so  that  they  now  only  waited  for  a  wind  to  put  to 
sea.  The  festival,  which  thev  celebrated  at  this 
place*  occasioned  the  Captain^s  giving  it  the  nam^ 
|of  Christmas  Sk>und.  , 

The  refffeshments  to  be  got  here  are  precanou^, 

they  are  chiefty  wild  fowl,  and  may  probably 
lever  be  found  in  such  plenty  as  to  supply  the  crevf 
)faship.    They  consist  of  geese.  duQk8,4i»ca-pi«a» 


318 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


shags,  and  that  kind  of  gull,  called  Port-Egmont 
hen.  Here  is  a  kind  of  duck,  called  by  the  sailors, 
race-horses,  on  account  of  the  great  swiftness  with 
"Which  they  run  on  the  water;  tor  they  cannot  fly, 
thf  wings  being  too  short  to  support  the  body  in  the 
air.  The  geese  too  are  much  smaller  than  English 
tame  geese,  but  eat  as  well.  .  They  have  short 
black  bills  and  yellow  feet.  The  gander  is  all 
"white  ;  the  female  is  spotted  black  and  white,  or 
gray*  with  a  large  white  spot  on  each  wing.  The 
Captain  says,  of  all  the  nations  he  had  seen,  these 
people  seem  to  be  the  most  wretched.  They  are 
doomed  to  live  in  one  of  the  roost  inhospitable 
climates  in  the  world,  without  having  sagacity 
enough  to  provide  themselves  with  such  conve- 
niencies  as  may  render  life,  in  some  measure,  more 
comfortable. 

Barren  as  this  country  is,  it  abounds  with  a  va- 
riety of  unknown  plants,  and  gave  sufficient  em- 
ployment to  Mr.  Forster  and  his  party. 

At  four  o'clock  in  the  morning  on  the  28th  they 
began  to  unmoor,  and  at  eight  weighed  and  stood 
out  to  sea,  with  a  light  breeze  at  N.  W. 

They  now  resumed  their  course  to  the  East,  and 
the  next  day,  at  half  past  seven,  they  passed  Cafit 
Horn,  and  entered  the  Southern  Atlantic  Ocean. 
It  is  the  most  southern  extremity  on  a  group  of 
islands  of  unequal  extent,  lying  before  Nassau  Bay, 
known  by  the  nam-:;  of  Hermite  Islands. 

From  Cape  Hons  they  steered  E.  by  N.  i  N.  and 
stood  over  for  Success  Bay,  assisted  bv  the  currents, 
which  set  to  the  north.  Before  this,  they  had  hoisted 
their  colours,  and  fired  two  guns ;  and  soon  after, 
they  saw  a  smoke  rise  out  of  the  woods,  above  the 
south  point  of  the  bay,  which  was  supposed  to  be 
made  by  the  natives.  As  soon  as  the)[  got  off  the 
bay.  Lieutenant  Pickersgill  went  to  see  if  any  traces 
remained  of  the  Adventure;  but  he  saw  not  the 
least  signs  of  any  ship  having  been  there  lately. 
The  Captain  bad  inscribed  his  ship's  name  on  a  card,  I 


which  he  nailed  to  a  tree  at  the  place  where  the  En- 
deavour ^atered.  This  wa9  done  with  a  view  cf 
giving  Captain  Furneaux  ^ome  information  In  case 


SECOND  VOYAGE. 


319 


be  should  be  behind  them,  and  put  in  there.  Mr. 
Pickersgill  said  the  bay  was  full  of  whales  and 
seals. 

In  the  morning,  at  three  o'clock,  they  bore  up  for 
the  east  end  of  Staten  Land,  where  they  arrived 
next  day  in  the  afternoon. 

After  dinner  they  hoisted  out  three  boats,  and 
landed  with  a  large  party  of  men ;  some  to  kill 
seals;  others  to  catch  or  kill  -birds,  fish,  or  what 
came  in  their  way.  To  find  the  forrner*  it  hiattered 
not  where  they  landed,  for  the  whole  shore  was  cov- 
ered with  them ;  and  by  the  noise  they  made,  one 
would  have  thought  the  island  was  stocked  with 
cows  and  calves.  On  landing,  they  found  they 
were  a  diff(^vent  animal  from  seals,  but  in  shape 
and  motion  exactly  resembling  them.  I'he  sailors 
called  them  lions,  on  account  of  the  great  resem- 
blance the  male  has  to  that  beast-  Here  were  also  '■ 
the  same  kind  of  seals  which  they  found  in  New, ' 
Zealand, generally  known  by  the  name  of  sea-bears  ;  • 
at  least  they  gave  them  that  name.  They  were  in 
general  so  tame,  or  rather  stupid,  as  to  suffer  them' 
to  come  near  enough  to  knock  them  down  with 
sticks ;  but  the  large  ones  were  shot,  not  thinking  it 
safe  to  approach  them.  They  also  found  on  the 
island  abundance  of  penguins  and  shags,  and  the 
latter  had  young  ones  almost  fledged.  Here  were 
^eese  and  ducks,  but  not  many ;  birds  of  prey,  and  a 
tew  small  birds,  in  the  evening  they  returned  on 
board  their  boats,  well  laden  with  one  thing  or 
other. 

Next  day,  being  January  the  first,  177 5 ^  finding 
that  nothing  was  wanting  but  a  good  harbour  to 
make  this  a  tolerable  place  for  shjps  to  refresh  at, 
which  chance  or  design  might  bring  hither,  Mr.. 
Gilbert  went  over  to  Staten  liand  in  the  cutter,  to 
look  for  a  good  harbour^  Appearances  promised 
success  in  the  place  opposite  the  ship.  The  Cap- 
tain also  sent  two  other  boats  for  the  lions,  &c.  tliey 
had  killed  the  preceding  day.  After  shooting  a 
few  geese,  some  other  birds,  anv.  plentifully  supply- 
ing themselves  with  young  shags,  they  resumed 


S20 


CAPTAIN  COCK'S 


on  board,  laden  with  sea-lions,  sea-bearsv  kc  The 
old  lions  and  bears  were  killed  chiefly  for  the 
«ake  of  their  blubber,  or  fat,  to  make  oil  of ;  for,  ex* 
tiept  their  haslets,  which  were  tole*  ibie,  the  flesh 
vas  too  rank  to  be  eaten  with  any  degree  of  relish. 
But  the  young  cubs  were  vt  ry  palatable^  and  even 
the  flesh  of  ^oni'e  of  the  old  lionesses  was  not  much 
amiss ;  but  that  of  the  old  males  was  abominable* 
In  the  afternoon,  some  people  were  sent  to  skin  and 
cut  off  the  fat  of  those  which  yet  remained  dead  on 
•chore ;  for  they  had  already  more  carcasses  on 
board  than  necessary^  About  ten  o'clock  Mr.  Gil- 
be  it  returned  from  Staten  Land,  where  he  found  a 
good  port,  situated  three  leagues  to  the  westward 
of  Cape  St*  John*  It  is  almost  two  rniies  in  length ; 
in  some  places  near  a  mile  broad  On  the  island 
vere  sea- lions,  &c.  and  such  an  innumerable  quan- 
tity of  ^lls  as  to  darken  the  air  when  disturbed, 
and  almost  to  suffocate  the  people  with  their  dung. 
This  they  seemed  to  void  in  a  way  of  defence,  and 
it  stunk  worse  than  assafoetida,  or,  as  it  is  common* 
ly  called.  Devil's  Dung.  The  day  on  which  this 
port  was  discovered,  occasioned  tlie  Captain's  call* 
mg  it  New- Year's  Harbour 

At  four  o'clock  on  the  3d  they  weighed  and  stood 
«ut  to  sea. 

The  animals  found  here  are  sea-lions,  sea-bears, 
a  variety  of  oceanic,  and  some  land  birds.  The  sea- 
lions  are  not  of  that  kind  described^  under  the  sama 
liame«  by  Lord  Ansor ;  but  these  would  more  pro- 
perly dese7ve  that  appellation  ;  the  long  hair,  with 
ivhich  the  back  of  tiiehead,  the  neck,  a^d  shoulders, 
are  covered,  g;ving  them  greatly  the  air  and  aj)- 
pearance  cf  a  lion.  The  other  part  of  the  body  is 
covewid  v.'i-a  a  sltort  hair,  little  longer  tlian  that  of 
n  cow  or  a  horse ;  and  the  who'ie  is  a  dark  brown. 
The  female  \&  not  half  so  big  as  the  male,  and  is 
covered  "^^^ith  a  shoil:  hair,  oi-  nn  ash,  or  light  dun 
colour.  They  live,  as  it  were,  in  herds,  >n  the 
^ock&^  and  n^ar  the  sea  slicie.'  As  this  was  the 
time  for  engendering  as  well  as  bringing  forth  their 
youn^,  they  saw  a  inale»  with  twenty  or  thirty  fe» 


SECOND  VOYAGE. 


321 


males  about  him,  and  always  very  attentive  to  keep 
them  all  to  himself,  and  beating  off  every  other  male 
who  attempted  to  come  into  his  ilockc  Othei  s  again 
had  a  less  number  ;  some  no  more  than  one  or  two  ; 
and  here  and  there  was  seen  one  lying  growling  in 
a  retired  place,  alone,  and  suffering  neither  males 
nor  females  to  approach  him  ;  they  naturally  sup- 
posed these  were  old  and  superannuated. 

The  sea-bears  are  not  so  large  by  far  as  the  lions, 
but  rather  larger  than  a  common  seal.  They  have 
none  of  that  long  hair  which  distinguishes  the  lion- 
Theirs  is  all  of  an  equal  length,  and  liner  than  ttiat 
of  the  lion,  something  like  an  otter's,  and  tiie  gene- 
ral colour  is  that  of  iron  grey.  This  is  the  kind 
which  the  French  call  sea-wolvey,  and  the  English 
seals ;  they  are,  however,  different  from  the  seals 
m  Europe  and  North  America.  I'he  lions  may  too, 
without  any  great  impropriety,  be  called  nvergro\^n 
seals ;  for  they  are  all  of  the  same  species.  It  was 
not  at  all  dangerous  to  go  among  them ;  for  they  t  ither 
fled  or  lay  still.  The  only  danger  was  in  going  be-* 
tween  them  and  the  sea ;  for  if  they  took  fright  at 
any  thing,  they  would  come  down  in  such  nupibers, 
that,  if  you  co'ild  not  get  out  of  their  way,  you 
would  be  run  over.  Sometimes,  when  the  people 
came  sudderily  upon  them,  or  waked  them  out  of 
their  sleep  (for  they  are  a  sluggish,  sleepy  animal) 
they  would  raise  up  their  heads,  snort  and  snarl, 
and  look  as  fierce  as  if  they  meant  to  devour  you  ; 
but  as  they  advanced  upon  them,  they  always  run 
away ;  so  that  they  are  downright  bullies. 

The  oceanic  birds  were  gulls,  te'^n.  Port  Eg- 
mont  hens,  and  a  large  brown  bird,  of  the  iAze  of  aii 
albatross,  which  Pernety  calls  cjuebranthahuessas* 
The  sailors  called  them  Mother  Gary's  geese,  and 
found  them  pretty  good  eating.  The  land  birds 
were  eagles,  or  hawks,  bald- headed  vultures,  or 
what  the  seamen  called  turkey  buzzards,  thrushes, 
and  a  few  other  gmall  birds. 

It  is  amazing  to  see  how  the  dilTcrent  animals, 
which  inhabit  this  small  place,  are  mutually  recon-* 
iiled«    They  seem  to  havp  entered  ihto  a  k^gus 


3 


22 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


not  to  disturb  each  other  s  tranquillity.  Tlie  sea^ 
lions  occupy  most  of  the  coast ;  the  sea-bears  take 
up  their  abode  in  the  isle  ;  the  shags  have  post  in 
the  highest  ehfFs ;  the  penguins  fix  their  quarters 
where  there  is  the  most  easy  communication  to  and 
from  the  sea;  and  the  other  birds  choiise  more  re- 
tired places.  Captain  Cook  says,  he  has  seen  all 
these  animals  mix  together  like  domeslic  cattle  and 
poultry  in  a  farm-yard»  without  one  attempting  to 
aDolest  the  other. 

t  Having  left  the  laad  in  the  evening  of  the  3d,  as 
before  mentioned,  they  saw  it  again  next  morning, 
at  three  o'clock,  bearing  west. 

On  the  9th,  wind  at  N.  fi.  attended  with  thick 
hazy  weather,  they  saw  a  seal,  and  a  piece  of  sea- 
weed. 

On  the  14th,  at  nine  o'clock  in  the  mornmgv  ^^v 
saw  an  island  of  ice,  as  they  then  thought ;  but  at 
noon  were  doubtful  whether  it  was  ice  or  land  ;  it 
turned  oat  to  be  the  latter,  and  was  in  a,  manner 
>vholly  covered  with  snow. 

On  the  16th  they  be*^  an  to  explore  the  northern 
eoast.  And  at  two  o'clock  in  the  morning  of  the 
irth,  they  made  sail  in  for  the  land*  As  soon  as 
they  drew  near  the  shore,  having  hoisted  out  a  boat, 
the  Captain  embarked  in  it,  accompanied  by  Mr. 
Forster  and  his  pirty,  with  a  view  of  reconnoitring 
before  they  ventured  in  witli  the  ship,  which  they 
afterwards  declined,  as  the  inner  parts  of  the  coun- 
try were  savage  and  horrible.  The  wild  rocks  rais^ 
ed  their  lofty  summits,  till  they  were  lost  in  the 
oloudsy  and  tliv^^  valleys  lay  covered  with  everlasting 
snow.  Not  a  tree  was  to  be  seen,  nor  a  shrub  even 
h\^  enough  to  make  a  tooth-pidk* 

Seals,  or  s^xa-bears,  were  pretty  numerous.  They 
were  smaller  than  those  at  Staten  L#and  ;  perhaps 
the  most  of  those  they  now  saw  were  females  ;  to 
the  shore  swarmed  witli  young  cubs.  They  saw 
pone  of  that  sort  which  they  call  lion^  ;  but  there 
were  some  of  those  which  the  writer  of  Lord  An» 
{^n's  Voyage  describes  under  that  name. 

M  tUe  imA  bir^  tti»y  sftw  ^jm\»i  vS^  f^ 


SECOND  VOYAGE. 


.323 


small  larks  ;  nor  did  they  meet  with  any  quadru- 
peds*  Mr.  Forst^r,  indeed,  observed  some  dung^, 
which  he  j  idged  to  come  fro;m  a  fox  or  some  sucl| 
animal. 

It  must  not,  however,  be  understood  that  they 
were  in  want  of  provisions  ;  they  had  yet  plenty  of 
every  kind  ;  and  since  their  arrival  on  this  coast, 
the  Captain  ordered,  in  addition  to  the  common  al** 
lowance,  wheat  to  be  boiled  every  morning  for 
breakfast ;  but  any  kind  of  fresh  meat  was  pi^efer- 
red  by  most  on  board  to  salt ;  for  his  part,  he  says, 
he  was  heartily  tired  of  salt  meat  of  every  kind ;  and 
thongh  the  flesh  of  the  penguins  could  scarcely  vie 
with  bullock's  liver,  its  being  fresh  was  sufficient  to 
make  it  go  down.  They  called  the  bay  they  had 
beau  \u  Possession  Bay. 

As  soon  as  the  boat  was  hoisted  in,  they  made 
sail  along  the  coast  to  the  east,  with  a  fine  breeze  at 
W.  S.  W^  for  the  space  of  eleven  or  twelve  leagues, 
to  a  projecting  point  which  obtained  the  name  of 
Cape  Saunders.  Beyond  this  Cape  is  a  pretty  large 
bay,  which  was  named  Cumberland  Bay- 

At  two  o'clock  in  the  morning  of  the  !2iQth,  they 
made  sail  to  S.  VV.  round  Cooper's  i?Und-  It  is  a 
rock  of  considerable  height,  about  five  miles  in  cir* 
cuit,  and  one  from  the  main. 

On  the  20th  they  fell  in  with  an  island,  which  they 
f  amed  the  isle  of  Georgia,  in  honour  of  his  Majesty. 
't  extends  S.  E.  by  E  and  N.  W.  by  W.  and  is  thir- 
/-one  leagues  long  in  that  diiection;  and  its 
gi-eatest  breadth  is  about  tea  leagues-  It  seems  to 
abound  with  bavs  and  harbours,  the  N.  E.  coast 
espt  ally ;  but  tfie  vast  quantity  of  ice  coast  render 
them  inaccessible  the  greatest  part  of  the  year. 

From  the  2Qth  to  the  27th  they  had  a  continuation 
of  foggy  weather.  I'hey  now  growing  almost  tired 
of  high  southern  latitudes,  where  nothmg  was  to  be 
iound  but  ice  and  thick  fogs,  stood  to  the  cast  till 
half  past  two  o'clock,  P.  M.  when  the>  fell  in,  all  at 
once,  with  a  vast  number  of  large  ice-islands,  and  a 
9ea  strewed   with  loose  ice.     l?or  this  reason  thef 

tiiQkfd  aod  9(Qo4  to  the  W6st|  witb  tJ^e  wind  at  ngitb^ 


'^24 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


4ft ^»j^  ^i-    irr?i'«.A    i.i 


i\} 


a'»  /  *, 


The  ice-islands,  which  at  this  time  surrounded  tliem, 
were  nearly  all  of  equal  height,  and  shewed  a  flat 
even  surface. 

On  the  1st  of  February,  at  four  o'clock  in  the 
mornings  they  got  sight  of  a  new  coast*  It  proved 
a  high  promontory,  which  was  named  Cape  Monta- 
gu, but  prudence  would  not  permit  them  to  venture 
near  the  shore,  where  there  was  no  anchorage, 
and  where  every  port  was  blocked  or  filled  up  with 
ice ;  and  the  whole  country,  from  the  sumn>its  of  the 
mountains  dov/n  to  the  very  brink  of  the  cliffs  which 
terminate  the  coast,  covered,  many  fathoms  thick, 
with  everlasting  snow-  The  cliffs  alone  were  the 
only  land  I   '"^  seen-  '  -    ^    ^ 

It  was  novv  xessary  to  take  a  view  of  the  land 
to  the  north,  before  they  proceeded  any  farther  to 
the  east.  With  this  intention,  they  stood  to  the  north, 
having  a  hght  breeze  at  W.  by  b. 

On  the  3d  they  saw  two  isles.  The  day  on  which 
they  were  discovered,  was  the  occasion  of  calling 
them  Candlemas  Isles.  They  were  of  no  great  ex- 
tent, but  of  considerable  height,  and  were  covered 
•with  snow.  On  the  4th  they  resumed  their  course  to 
the  east,  with  a  faint  breeze  at  Sr  S.  E.  and  at  eight 
o'clock  the  wind  shifted  to  the  south.  About  noon 
they  met  with  several  ice-islands  and  some  loose  ice, 
the  weather  continuing  hazy  with  snow  and  rain. 

The  risk  run  in  exploring  a  coast,  in  these  un- 
known and  icy  seas,  is  so  very  great,  that  no  man, 
the  Captain  says,  will  ever  venture  farther  than 
he  has  done  ;  and  therefore  the  lands  which  may  lie 
to  the  south  will  never  be  explored.  Thick  fogs, 
snow  storms,  intense  cold,  and  every  other  thing 
that  can  render  navigation  dangerous,  must  be  en- 
countered ;  and  these  difficulties  are  greatly  he'ght- 
ened  by  the  inexpressibly  horrid  aspect  of  the  coun- 
try ;  a  country  doomed  by  nature  never  once  to  feel 
the  warmth  of  the  sun's  rays,  but  to  lie  buried  in 
^everlasting  snow  and  ice.  The  ports  which  may  be 
on  the  coast,  are,  in  a  manner,  wholly  filled  up  with 
frozen  snow  of  vast  thickness ;  but  if  any  should  be 
^g  far  open  as  to  inylte  a  ship  into  it^  she  Yf puld  run 


wmm 


SECOND  VOYAGE. 


325 


fi  risk  C5f  being  fixed  there  forever,  or  of  coming  out 
in  an  ice  island.  The  islands  and  floats,  on  the  coast* 
the  great  falls  from  the  ice  clifis  in  the  port,  or  a 
heavy  snow  storm,  attended  with  a  sharp  frost, 
would  be  equally  fatal. 

After  such  an  explanation  as  this,  the  reader  will 
not  expect  to  find  them  much  farther  to  the  south. 
It  wa  ,  however,  not  for  want  of  inclination,  but  for 
other  reasons.  It  would  have  been  rashness  to  have 
risked  all  that  had  been  done  during  the  voyage,  ia 
discovering  acoast,  which,  w<*en  discovered,  would 
have  answered  no  end  whatever,  or  have  been  of  the 
least  use,  either  to  navigation  or  geography,  or  in- 
deed to  any  oGxer  science ;  and  besid^  ail  this,  they 
were  not  now  in  a  condition  to  undertake  gteat 
things ;  nor  inf^ed  was  there  time,  had  they  been 
ever  so  well  provided. 

These  reasons  induced  the  Captain  to  alter  his 
course  to  the  east,  with  a  very  strong  gale  at  north, 
attei^ded  with  an  exceedingly  heavy  fall  of  snow* 
The  quantity  which  lodged  in  their  sails  was  so  great, 
that  they  were  frequently  oMiged  to  throw  the 
ship  up  in  the  wind  to  shake  it  out  of  them,  other- 
wise, neither  they  nor  the  ship  could  have  supported 
the  weight. 

On  the  liOth  the  wind  freshened  and  veered  south  ; 
ft  was  attended  with  showers  of  sleet  and  snow  till 
day-light,  when  the  weather  became  fair,  but  pierc- 
ing c^d,  so  that  the  water  on  deck  was  frozen,  and 
at  noon  the  ^lercury  in  the  ihermooieter  was  no 
higher  than  34^. 

On  the  22d  of  February,  a«  they  were  within  two 
degrees  of  longitude  from  their  route  to  the  south, 
when  they  left  the  Cape  of  Good  Hope,  it  was  to  no 
purposrj;  to  proceed  any  farmer  to  the  east  under 
this  psirallel,  knowing  that  no  land  could  be  there^ 

They  had  now  made  the  circuit  of  the  Southern 
Ocean  in  a  high  latitude,  and  traversed  it  in  such 
a  manner  as  to  leave  not  the  least  room  for  the  pos* 
Bibility  of  there  being  a  continent,  unless  near  the 
pole,  and  out  of  the  reach  of  navigation.  By  twice 
visiting  the  tropical  tea^  they  had  not  cmly  settled 


mmm 


336 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


the  situation  of  some  old  discoveries,  but  made  there 
xnany  new  ones,  and  left  very  little  more  to  hi*  dmt 
jn  that  part.  Thus  the  intention  of  the  voyage  has, 
in  every  respect,  beeti  fully  answered ;  the  southern 
hemisphere  sufficiencly  explored ;  and  a  final  end 
p  u  to  the  searching  after  a  southern  continent,  which 
na»,  at  times,  engrossed  the  attention  of  some  of  the 
mi^ritime  powers,  for  near  two  centuries  past,  and 
been  a  favourite  theory  amongst  the  geographers 
of  all  ages. 

Their  sails  and  rigginpj  were  so  much  worn,  that 
something  was  giving  way  every  hour }  and  they  had 
^nothing  left,  either  to  repair  or  replace  them.  Their 
provisions  were  in  a  state  of  decay,  and  yielded  lit- 
tle nourish  uent,  and  they  had  been  a  long  time 
"without  refreshments.  The  sailors  indeed  were  yet 
healthy,  and  would  have  cheerfully  gone  wherever 
they  were  led ;  but  they  dreaded  the  scurvy  laying; 
liold  of  them,  at  sf  time  when  they  had  nothing  left 
to  remove  it.  It  would  however  have  been  cruel 
to  have  continued  the  fatigues  and  hardships  they 
*were  continually  exposed  to,  longer  than  was  abso- 
lately  necessary.  Their  behaviour,  throughout  the 
"whole  voyage  merited  every  indulgence  which  it  was 
possible  to  give  them.  Animated  by  the  conduct 
of  the  officers,  they  shewed  themselves  capable  of 
surmounting  every  difficulty  and  danger  which  came 
in  their  way,  and  never  once  looked  either  upon  one 
or  the  other,  as  being*  at  all  heightened,  by  their  se- 
paration from  their  consort  the  Adventure. 
On  the  8th  of  March  the  mercury  in  the  thermome- 
ter rose  to  61,  and  they  found  it  necessary  to  put  on 
lighter  clothes. 

On  the  12th  they  put  a  boat  in  the  water,  and 
shot  some  albatrosses  and  peterelSy  whichi  at  this 
time,  were  highly  acceptable.  Every  one  was  now 
become  impatient  to  get  into  port ;  this  induced  the 
Captain  to  yield  to  the  general  wish,  and  to  steer  for 
the  Cape  ot  Good  Hope.  At  day-light,  on  the  16th, 
they  saw  two  sail  in  the  N.  W.  quarter  standing  to 
the  westward,  and  one  of  thenrt  shewing  Dutch  co- 
lours*   At  ten  o'clock  they  tacked  and  stood  to  the 


SECOND  VOYAGE- 


32? 


west  also.  The  Captain  demanded  of  the  officers 
and  petty  officers,  the  log-books  and  journals  they 
had  kept,  which  were  delivered  accordingly,  and 
sealed  up  for  the  inspection  of  the  Admiralty.  He 
also  enjoined  them,  and  the  whole  crew,  not  to  di» 
vulge  where  they  had  been,  till  they  had  their  Lord- 
ships' permission  so  to  do. 

In  the  evening  of  the  17th  they  saw  land  in  the. 
direction  of  E.  In.  E.  about  six  leagues  distant ;  and, 
during  the* fore  part  of  the  night,  there  was  a  groat, 
fire  or  light  upon  it.  At  nine  o'clock,  next  day,  having 
little  or  no  wind,  they  hoisted  out  a  boat,  and  sent  on 
board  one  of  the  two  ships  before  mentioned,  which 
was  about  two  leagues  from  them  ;  but  they  were 
too  impatient  after  news  to  regard  the  distance.  Soon 
after  three  sail  more  appeared  in  sight  to  windward^, 
one  of  which  shewed  English  colours. 

At  one,  P.  M.  the  boat  returned  from  on  board  the 
Bownkerke  Polder,  Captain  Cornelius  Bosch,  a 
Dutch  Indiaman  from  Bengal.  Captain  Bosch  very 
obligingly  offered  them  sugar,  arrack,  and  whatever 
he  had  to  spare*  They  were  told  by  some  English 
seamen  on  board  this  ship,  that  the  Adventure  had 
arrived  at  the  Cape  of  Good  Hope  twelve  months 
ago,  and  that  the  crew  of  one  of  ner  boats  had  been 
murdered  and  eaten  by  the  people  of  New  Zealand.. 

On  the  19th  the  English  ship  bore  down  tothem.„ 
She  proved  to  be  the  True  Briton,  Captain  Broadly, 
from  China.  As  he  di8  not  intend  to  touch  at  the 
Cape,  the  Captain  put  a  letter  on  board  him  for  the 
Secretary  of  the  Admiralty. 

The  account  which  they  had  heard  of  the  Advert^ 
ture  was  mow  confirmed  to  them  by  this  ship.  They 
also  got.  from  on  board  her,  a  parcel  of  old  news- 
papers, which  were  new  to  them, and  gave  them 
some  amusement ;  but  these  were  the  least  favours 
they  received  from  Capt.  Broadlyf  With  a  generosity 
peculiar  to  the  commanders  of  the  India  Company's 
ships,  he  sent  them  fresh  provisions,  tea,  and  other 
articles,  which  were  very  acceptable  ;  and  deserve 
this  public  acknowledgment.  In  the  afternoon  thqy 
parted  Company.     The  True  Briton  stood  out  %q 


6i» 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


t--A.^ 


fica,  aiid  diey  In  for  the  land  ;  having  a  frcah  rafe  at 
•west. 

Next  day  at  noon,  the  21st  of  March,  the  Table 
Mountain  over  the  Cape  Town  bore  N.  E.  by  E» 
distant  nine  or  ten  leagues- 

The  next  morniiig,  being  with  them  Wednesday 
the  22d,  but  with  the  people  here  Tuesday  the  21st, 
they  anchored  in  Table  Bay,  where  they  found  seve» 
Tal  Dutch  ships  i  some  French ;  and  the  C^res,  Cap- 
tain New  te,  an  English  East-Iiidia  C^oropany's  bhip, 
from  China,  bomid  directly  to  England,  by  whom 
they  sent  a  copy  of  the  preceding  part  el"  thie  jour« 
lud,  some  charts,  and  other  draM^ngs,  to  the  Admi- 
ralty* 

Before  they  had  well  got  to  an  anchor,  the  Captain 
dispatched  an  officer  to  acquaint  the  Governor  with 
their  arrival,  and  to  request  the  necessairy  stores  and 
refreshments,  which  were  readily  granted. 

The  Captain  now  karned  that  the  Adventure  had 
called  here,  en  her  return  ;  and  he  found  a  letter 
from  Captain  Fumcaux,  acquaintmg  him  with  the 
loss  of  his  boat,  and  often  of  his  b^st  men,  in  Queen 
€harlotte*&  Sound.  He  afterwards,  on  his  arrival  in 
£ngland,  put  into  Captain  Cook's  hands  a  complete 
narrative  of  his  uroceedmgs,  from  the  time  of  their 
second  and  hnal  separation  >  an  account  of  which 
vill  be  found  in  the  foUowiag  pages. 


ji  Com/iendhtis  jitcouni  of  Cafitidn  Fwmeaux'A 
^farratrve  of  Mb  Proceedrngs^  m  the  Adventure^ 
Jrom  the  Time  he  was  aeharated  from  the  Meaolu^ 
tion^  to  Ma  Jirrwal  in  Mtigiand;  including  Lieu^ 
tenant  Burney'a  Refiort  concerning  the  Boaf» 
Cren»t  who  wtre  murdered  by  the  MuManta  of 
Queen  ChmrtQt(e^9  Sound- 

IN  October,  1773rthey  were  blown  oftthe  coast  of 
New  2iealand ;  in  which  Ume  they  ps^ted  com^ 
painy  with  the  Resolution,  and  never  saw  her  after-' 
^uip^    Thty  €omlMiti|^  idtknt  storms  till  the  6tk 


SECOND  VOYAGE. 


S^ 


of  November ;  when  beingto  the  north  of  Cape  Palli-*.^ ; 
5er,  the  wmd  at  S.  W.  and  blowing  strong,  they  bore^ 
away  for  so  me  buy   to  complete  their  water  and 
wood,  being  in  great  want  of  both,  having  been  at  ^ 
the  allowance  of  one  quart  of  water  for  some  days  * 
past  i  and  even  that  pittance  could  not  be  come  at,^ 
above  six  or  seven  days  longer.     They  anchored  irt  » 
Tolaga  Bay.    Wood  and  water  are  easily  to  be  had^| 
The  natives  here  are  the  same  as  those  at  Charlotte  j. 
Sound,  but  more  numerous  ;  and   :hey  have  plen-  j 
ty  of  cray*fish,  which  they  bought  of  them  for  n.iUs.  ^' 
beads,  and  other  trifles,  at  an  easy  rate.      In  one  of  j' 
their  canoes  they  observed  the  head  of  a  woman  ly-  |k 
ing  in  state:,  adorned  with  featliers,  and  cthei'  orna-  !J 
meats*      It  had  the  appearance  of  being  alive  ;  but» 
on  examination,  they  tou  d  it  dry,,  being  presei  veil 
with  every  feature  perfect,  and  kept  as  the  relic  oij 
Rome  deceased  relation*  ,.^ 

Having  got  about  ten  tons  of  water,  atid  somq 
wood,  they  mailed  for  Charlotte  Sound  on  the  12th  ^.3," 
but  violent  weather  oblig^-d   them  to  return  to  t^3^.^ 
Bay,  where  they  arrived  next  morning.    They  no\//  r 
began  to  fear  ihey  should  never  join  the  Resolution^ 
havng  reason  to  believe  she  was  in  pilx^i  lotte  Sound^^ 
and  by  this  time  ready  for  sea*        '   :  .^y 

They  sailed  again  on  the  16th,  and  arrived  ia^ 
Charlotte  Sound  on  the  30th.    lliey  saw  nothing  of^ 
the  Resolution,  and  began  to  doubt  he,,  safety  ;  but ' 
on  going  ashore,  they  discerned  the  place  where  • 
she  had  erected  her  tents  :  and,  on  an  old  stump  of 
a  tree  u-x  the  garden,  observed  these   words  cut  out^ 
*'  Look  onderneath*'      There  they  dug,  and  sooa** 
found  a  bottle  corked  and  waxed  down,  with  a  letter 
in  it  from  Captain  Cook,  signifying  their  arrival  on 
the  3d  instant,  and  departure  on  the  24ih,  and  that 
they  intended  spending  a  few  days  hi  the  entrance  of 
the  streighis  to  look  for  them. 

They  immediately  set  about  the  necessary  repaira 
of  the   ship,  which  employed  them  till  the  16th  cj-* 
December. 

^  On  the  17th  they  s6nt  their  large  cutter,  with  Mf- 
d^hipmiui,  and  the  boat's  cxew^ 


VOL.  I, 


Ee 


330 


CAPTAm  COOK'S 


■wild  greeh8  for  the  ship's  company  ;  with  orders  to 
return  that  eveninpj,  as  they  intended  to  sail  the 
next  morning^.  But  on  the  boat's  not  returning 
the  sanrte  evening,  nor  the  next  morning,  the  second 
Lieutenant,  Mr.  Burney,  in  the  launch,  manned  with 
the  boat's  crew  and  tun  marines,  went  in  search  of 
her.  Mr.  Inirney  returned  about  eleven  o'clock  the 
same  night,  and  informed  them  of  a  horrible  scene 
indeed,  which  cannot  be  better  described  than  in  his 
own  words. 

"  On  the  18th,  we  left  the  ship ;  and  having  a  light 
breeze  in  our  favour,  we  soon  got  round  Long  Island, 
and  within  Long  Point.  1  examined  every  cove; 
On  the  larboard  hand,  as  we  went  along,  looking 
•well  all  around  with  a  telescope,  which  1  took  for 
that  purpose.  At  half  past  one,  we  stopped  at  a 
beach  on  the  left  hatid  side  going  up  East  Bay,  to 
boil  some  victuals,  as  we  brought  nothing  but  raw 
meat  with  us.  Whilst  we  were  cooking,  1  saw  an  In- 
dian on  the  opposite  sliore,  running  along  a  beach  to 
the  head  of  the  bay.  Our  meat  bemg  drest,  we  got 
into  the  boat  and  put  off;  and,  in  a  short  time,  ar- 
rived at  the  head  of  this  beach,  where  we  saw  an 
Indian  settlement* 

'*  As  we  drew  near,  some  of  the  Indians  Came 
down  on  the  rock,  and  waved  for  us  to  be  gone ;  but 
seeing  we  disregarded  them,  they  altered  their 
notes.  Here  we  found  six  la  ge  canoes  hauled  up 
on  the  beach,  most  of  thenn  double  ones,  and  a  great 
many  people ;  though  not  so  many  as  one  might  ex- 
pect from  tiie  number  of  houses  and  size  of  the  ca- 
noes. Leaving  the  boat's  crew  ia  guard  the  boat,  I 
stepped  ashore  with  the  marines  (the  corporal  and 
live  men)  and  searched  a  goodm.\ny  of  their  houses, 
but  found  nothmg  to  give  me  any  suspicion.  Three 
or  four  well-beateti  paths  led  farther  into  the  woods, 
where  were  many  more  houses ;  but  the  people  con- 
tinuing frienaly,  I  thought  it  unnecessary  to  continue 
our  search.  Coming  down  to  the  beach,  one  df  the 
Indians  had  brought  a  bundle  of  Ife/iatoes,  (long 
spears)  but  seeing  I  looked  very  earnestly  at  him, 
he  put  them  on  the  ground*  and  walked  about  with 
seeming  unconcern.    Some  of  the  people  appearing 


SECOND  VOYAGE. 


331 


to  be  frightened,  I  gave  a  looking-glass  to  one  and 
a  large  nail  to  another.  From  this  place  the  bay 
ran,  as  nearly  as  I  could  guess,  N- N  W.  a  good 
mile,  where  it  ended  in  a  long  sandy  beach.  I  look- 
ed all  around  with  the  glass,  but  saw  no  boat,  canoe, 
or  any  sign  of  inhabitants-  I  therefore  contented 
myself  with  firing  some  guns,  which  I  had  done  in 
every  cove  as  1  went  along. 

"  I  now  kept  close  to  the  east  shore,  and  came  to 
another  setth^ment,  where  the  Indians  invited  us 
ashore.  I  inquired  of  them  about  tiie  boat,  but  they 
pretended  ignorance.  They  appeared  very  friendly 
here,  and  sold  us  some  fish.  Within  an  hour  after 
we  left  this  place,  in  a  small  beach  adjoining*  to 
Grass  Cove,  we  saw  a  very  large  double  canoe,  just 
hauled  up,  with  two  men  and  a  dog-  The  men,  on 
seeing  us,  left  their  canoe,  and  ran  up  into  the  woods. 
This  gave  me  reason  to  suspect  I  should  here  get 
tidipgs  of  the  cutter.  We  went  ashore,  and  search- 
ed the  canoe,  where  we  found  one  of  the  rullocfc- 
ports  of  the  cutter,  and  some  shoes,  one  of  whicih 
was  known  to  belong  to  Mr.  Woodhouse,  one  of  our 
midshipmen.  One  of  the  people,  at  the  same  time, 
brought  me  a  piece  of  meat,  which  he  took  to  be 
some  of  the  salt  meat  belon.2:ing  to  the  cutter's  crew. 
On  examining  this,  and  smelling  to  it,  1  found  it  was 
fresh.  Mr.  Fannin  (the  master)  who  was  with  me, 
supposed  it  was  dog's  flesh,  and  I  was  of  the  same 
opinion  ;  for  I  still  doubted  their  being  cannibals. 
But  we  were  soon  convinced  by  the  most  horrible  and 
undeniable  proof. 

**  A  great  many  baskets  (about  twenty)  lying  on 
the  beach  tied  up,  we  cut  them  open.  Some 
were  full  of  roasted  flesh,  and  some  uf  fern-root, 
which  serves  them  for  bread.  On  farther  search, 
we  found  more  shc^es,  and  a  hand,  which  we  imme- 
diately knew  to  have  belonged  to  Thomas  Hill,  one 
of  our  forecastle  men,  it  being  marked  T.  H.  with  an 
Otaheite  tattow  instrument.  I  went  with  some  of 
the  people  a  little  way  up  the  woods,  but  saw  nothing 
else.  Coming  down  again,  there  was  a  round  spot 
covered  with  fresh  eartli  aboqt  four  feet  diamet^i;*3 


333 


Captain  cook'S 


iwherc  Botnething  had  been  buried.  Havinc^  no  spade 
nye  begiin  to  di  with  a  cutJass  ;  and  in  the  mcun 
time  I  I'.iuncUed  the  canoe  with  intent  t<^  destroy  her; 
but  seeing  t  great  smolte  a>cending  over  the  near- 
est hill,  1  got  all  the  people  into  the  boat,  and  made 
vhat  habte  I  could  to  be  with  them  before  sun-set. 

••  On  openin^  the  next  bay,  which  was  Grass  Cove, 
we  saw  four  canoes,  o?ip  single  and  three  double  ont*s, 
ftncl  a  great  many  people  on  the  beach,  who.on  ourap- 
pr«)ach,  retreated  to  a  small  hil!,  within  a  ship's  length 
of  th(»  water  side,  where  thev  stood  talking  to  us.  A 
large  fire  was  on  the  top  of  the  high  land,  beyond  the 
woods  whence,  all  the  way  down  the  hill,  the  place 
was  thronged  like  a  fair.  As  we  catne  in,  1  ordered  a 
musketoon  to  be  fired  at  o!)e  of  the  canoes,  suspect- 
ing thev  niight  be  fall  of  men  lying  do-  n  in  the  bot- 
tom ;  for  they  were  all  afloat,  but  no  body  was  s^en 
in  them.  Fhe  savages  on  the  little  hill  still  kept 
hallooing,  and  making  sgns  for  us  to  land ;  howe- 
ver, as  soon  as  wc  got  close  in,  we  all  fired  llie 
first  volley  did  not  seem  to  afF^'Ct  them  muc  ,  but 
on  the  second,  they  began  to  scramble  away  as  fast 
as  they  cnuld,  some  of  them  howling.  We  continu- 
e^}  firing  as  long  as  we  could  see  the  glimpse  of  any 
of  them  through  the  bushes.  Amongst  the  Indians 
w»re  two  ver*  stout  men.  who  never  offered  to  move 
till  they  found  themselves  forsaken  bv  their  compan-* 
ions  ;  and  then  they  marched  away  with  gr  at  com- 
posure and  delil)e  ation,  their  pride  not  suiffering 
them  to  run.  One  of  them  however  got  a  fall,  and 
cither  lay  there,  or  crawled  off  on  all  fours.  1  he 
other  got  clear,  without  anv  apparent  hirt.  I  then 
land  (l  with  the  marines,  and  Mr,  FaAnin  stayed  to 
guHrd  ^he  boat- 

*'  On  the  beach  were  two  bundles  of  Celery,  which 
had  been  gathered  for  loading  the  cutter.  A  broken 
oar  was  stuck  upright  in  the  ground,  to  which  the 
natives  had  tied  their  canoes  ;  a  proof  that  the  at- 
tack had  been  made  herer  1  then  searched  all  along 
at  the  bick  of  •the  beach  to  see  if  the  cutter  was 
there.  We  found  no  )>ivu,  but  instead  of  her,  such 
^  fthocfcing  scene  ot  carnage  and  barbarity,  as  can 


SECOND  VOYAGE. 


333 


npvcr  be  mentioned  or  thought  of  but  with  horror  ; 
tor  the  heads,  hearts,  and  iungs  of  several  of  our  peo*- 
pie  were  seen  lying  on  the  beach ;  and  at  a  little  dis« 
tance,  the  dogs  gnawing  their  entrails,  | 

•*  Whilst  we  remained  ahnost  stupified  on  the 
spot,  Mr.  Fannin  called  tons  that  he  heard  the  sav- 
ages gathering  together  in  the  woods ;  on  which  I 
returned  to  the  boat,  and  hauling  along-side  the  ca- 
noes, we  demolished  three  of  ihem.  Whilst  this 
was  transacting,  the  lire  on  the  top  of  the  hill  dis- 
appeared, and  we  could  hear  the  Indians  in  the 
woods  at  high  words;  I  suppose  quarrelling  whether 
or  not  they  should  attack  us,  and  try  to  save  their 
canoes.  It  now  grew  dark,  I  therefore  just  stepped 
out,  and  looked  once  more  behind  the  beach  to  see 
if  the  cutter  had  been  hauled  up  in  the  bushes ;  but 
seeing  nothing  of  her,  returned  and  put  off.  Our 
whole  force  would  have  been  barely  sufficient  to 
have  gone  up  the  hill ;  and  to  have  ventured  with 
half,  (for  half  must  have  been  Lft  togu^rdthe  boat) 
would  have  been  fool-hardiness,  ^ 

**  As  we  opened  the  upper  pait  of  the  sound,  we 
saw  a  very  large  fire  about  three  or  four  miles  high^ 
er  up,  which  formed  a  complete  oval,  reaching  from 
the  top  of  a  hill  down  almost  to  the  water-side,  the 
middle  space  being  inclosed  all  around  by  the  fire, 
like  a  hedge.  1  consulted  with  Mr-  Fannin,  and  wo 
were  both  of  opinion  that  we  could  expect  to  reap 
no  other  advantage  than  the  poor  satisfaction  of  kill- 
ing some  more  of  the  savages.  At  lertving  Grass 
Cove,  we  had  fired  a  general  volley  towards  where 
we  heard  the  Indians  talking  ;  but  by  going  in  and 
out  of  the  boats,  the  arms  had  got  wet,  ^nd  fouu 
pieces  missed  fire.  What  was  still  worse,  it  began 
to  rain ;  our  ammunition  was  more  than  half  ex-r 
pended,  and  we  left  six  large  canoes  behind  us  in 
one  place.  With  so  ntany  disadvantages,  I  did  not 
think  it  worth  while  to  proceed,  where  nothing 
could  be  hoped  for  but  revenge. 

**  Coming  between  two  round  islands,  situated  t<i 
the  southward  of  East  Bay,  we  imagined  we  heard 
^oiAQbody  cluing ;  we  lay  on  our  o^rs  9J^  V&\tmk 


334 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


bi:t  heard  no  more  ot  it ;  we  hatlooed  several  times, 
but  to  little  purpose  ?  the  poor  uouls  were  far  enough 
out  of  hearing :  and,  indeed,  1  think  it  some  comfort 
to  reflect,  that  \n  all  probability  every  man  of  them 
must  have  been  killed  on  the  spot." 

Thus  far  Mr.  Burney^s  repoit ;  and,  to  complete 
the  accouju  of  this  tragical  transaction,  it  may  not 
be  unnecessarv  to  mention  that  the  people  in  the 
liutter  were  Mr-  Howe;  Mr.  Woodhi»pse ;  Francis 
Murphy,  quarter-master;  Wifliam  Facey,  Thomas 
HjIU  M'chael  Bell,  and  Edward  Jones,  forecastle- 
tnen  ;  John  Cavenaugh,  ami  Thomas  Milton,  belong- 
ing to  the  aiter-gu^ird ;  and  James  Sevilley,  the 
Captain's  man,  being  ten  in  all.  Most  oi  these 
vere  their  very  best  seamen,  the  st»)atest  and  most 
healthy  people  in  the  ship.  Mr.  Burney's  party 
brouj^ht  on  board  two  hands,  one  belonging  to  Mr. 
Rowe,  known  by  a  hurt  he  had  received  on  it ;  the 
otlicr  to  Thomas  Hill,  as  before  mentioned ;  and 
the  head  of  the  Captain's  servant  These,  with 
more  or  the  remains,  were  tied  in  a  hammock,  and 
thrown  over-board,  with  ballast  and  shot  sufficient 
to  sink  it  None  of  their  arms  nor  clothes  were 
found,  except  part  of  a  pair  of  tr.iwsers,  a  frock, 
and  six  shoes,  no  two  of  them  being  fellows. 

In  all  probability  this  unhappy  k^usiness  originated 
in  some  quarrel  winch  was  decided  on  the  spot ;  or 
the  fairness  of  the  oi)portunity  might  tempt  them, 
their  peor/le  beiiig  so  incautious,  and  thinking  them- 
selves too  secure.  Another  thing  which  encourav;ed 
the  New  Zealanders,  was,  they  were  sensible  that 
a  gun  was  not  infallible,  that  they  sometimes  missed, 
and  that,  when  discharged,  they  must  be  loaded  be- 
fore they  could  be  used  again,  which  lime  they  knew 
how  to  take  advantage  of* 

They  were  detained  in  the  Sound  by  contrary 
winds,  four  days  after  this  melancholy  aflfair  hap- 
pened, during  which  time  they  saw  none  of  the  in- 
habitants. 

On  the  23d  they  weighed  and  made  sail  out  of  the 

►  Bound,  and  stood  to  the  eastward  to  get  clear  of  the 

JBtretghU^  wbic|)  tbey  accoi^plishQd  the  same  evea-* 


SECOND  VOYAGE. 


3t/ 


iflg,  but  were  baffled  for  two  or  three  days  with 
light  winds,  before  they  could  clear  the  coast-  They 
t^en  stood  to  the  S^  S. '  P:. 

Januarv  the  10th,  1774,  they  arrived  abreast  of 
Cape  Horn.  They  were  very  little  more  than  a 
month  from  Cape  iPalliser  in  New  Zealand  to  Cape 
Horn,  which  is  an  hundred  and  twentv-one  degrees 
of  1(  ngitude. 

On  opening  some  casks  of  pease  and  flour  that 
had  been  stowed  on  the  coals,  they  found  them  very 
much  damaged,  and  not  eatable  ;  so  thought  it  most 
prudent  to  make  fo^*  the  Cape  of  Good  Hope. 

On  the  17th  of  February,  they  made  the  land  of" 
the  Cape  of  Good  Hope,  a;id  vr\  the  19th  anchoi-ed' 
in  Table  Bay,  where  they  found  Commodore  Sir 
Edward  Hughes,  with  his  Majesty's  ships  Salisbury 
and  Seahorse. 

On  the  16th  of  April,  Captain  Furneaux  sailed 
for  England,  and  on  the  14th  of  July  anchored  at 
Spithead. 


fVe  now  return  to  Captain  Cook'' a  Account. 


■% 


TIHE  day  after  his  arrival  at  the  Cape  of  Good 
Hope,  he  waited  on  the  Governor,  Baron  Plet* 
tenberg,  and  other  principal  officers,  who  received 
and  treated  hrm  with  the  greatest  politeness,  contri- 
buting all  in  their  power  to  make  it  agreeable. 

They  had  only  three  men  ort  board,  whom  it  was 
thought  nect  ssary  to  s6nd  on  shon  for  the  recovery 
of  their  health  ;  and  for  these  the  Captain  procur- 
ed quarters,  at  the  rate  of  thirty  stivers,  or  half  a 
crown  per  day,  for  which  they  were  provided  with 
victuals,  drink,  and  lodging. 

While  they  lay  in  Table  Bay,  several  foreign 
RhiDs  put  in  and  out,  bound  to  ami  from  India,  vijj, 
English,  French,  Danes,  Swedes,  and  three  Spanish 
frigates,  two  of  them  going  to,  and  <me  coming 
from  Manilla. 

On  exaraining  tlie  rudder,  the  piutlea  were  foana 


536 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


to  be  loose,  and  they  were  obliged  to  unhang  it,  and 
take  it  on  shore  to  repair.  Fhey  were  also  delayed 
for  want  of  caulkers  to  caulk  tlte  ship,  which  was 
absolutely  necessary  to  be  done  before  they  put  to 
sea.  At  length  they  obtained  two  workmen  from 
one  of  the  Dutch  ships;  and  the  Dutton  Eudish 
Fasit  Indiaman  coining  in  from  Bengal,  Captain  Rice 
fuoliged  Captain  Cook  with  two  more,  so  that  by  the 
26th  of  Aprd  this  work  was  finished ;  and  having 
got  on  board  all  necessary  stores,  and  a  fresh  sup- 
ply of  provisions  and  water,  they  took  leave  of  the 
Governor  and  other  principal  omcers,  and  the  next 
morning  repaired  on  board  Soon  after  they  weigh- 
ed and  put  to  sea ;  as  did  also  the  Spanish  frigate 
Juno,  from  Mandlc^,  a  Danish  Indianian,  and  the 
I)utton.  , 

As  soon  as  they  were  under  sail,  they  saluted  the 
garrison  with  thirteen  guns ;  which  compliment 
wa5  immediately  returned  with  the  same  number. 
I'^e  Spanish  ifrigate  and  Danish  Indiaman  boUi  salut- 
ed them  as  they  passed,  and  Captaii>  Cook  returned 
each  salute  with  an  eq\ial  number  of  guns. 

At  day-break  in  the  morning  of  the  15th  of  May^ 
they  savy  the  island  of  St.  Helena  at  the  distance  ot 
fourteen  leagues;  at  midnight,  anchored  in  the 
road  before  the  town  on  the  N.  W»  of  the  island. 

Governor  Skettowe^  and  the  principal  gentlemen  of 
the  island,  received  and  treated  the  Captain,  during 
his  stay,  with  the  greatest  politeness,  by  shewing  him 
every  kind  of  civility  in  their  power. 

Whoever  views  St,  Helena  in  its  present  state, 
and  can  but  conceive  what  it  must  have  been  origi- 
nally, wiU  not  hastily  charge  the  inhabitants  with 
■want  of  industry ;  *  tliough  perhaps  they  might  ap- 
ply it  to  more  advantage,  were  more  land  appropri- 
ated to  planting  of  corn,  vegetables,  roots,  8iC,  mstead 


•  In  the  account  §»ven  of  St  Helenn,  in  the  Narrative  ofc* 
Captain  Cook's  forraei*  Voyage,  there  were  some  mistakes. 
|U  inhabitants  are  far  horn  exercising  a  wanton  cruelty  over 
Iheir  slaves ;  and  they  have  Ui4  whe^)  Qariiag^'S  anU  ^)crlev'^ 
t^QU  for  many  yc^^rv- 


fiECOND  VOYAGE. 


337 


of  being  iaid  out  in  pasture,  which  is  the  present 
mode- 

Within  these  three  years  a  new  church  has  been 
built ;  some  other  new  buildings  were  in  hand ;  a 
commodious  lauding- place  tor  boats  has  been  made  ; 
and  several  other  improvements,  which  add  both 
strength  and  beauty  to  the  place. 

During  their  stay  here,  they  finished  some  necessa* 
ry  repau's  of  ihe  ship,  which  they  had  not  time  to  do 
at  the  Cape.  They  also  filled  all  their  enripty  wa- 
ter-casks ;  and  the  crew  were  served  with  fresh 
beef,  purchased  at  five  pence  pt- r  pound.  Their 
beef  is  exceedingly  good,  and  is  tlie  only  refreshment 
they  had  worth  mentioning. 

On  the  21st  of  May  in  the  evening,  the  Captain 
took  leave  of  the  Governor,  and  repaired  on  board* 
Upon  leaving  the  shore,  he  was  saluted  with  thir- 
teen guns;  ind  upon  getting  under  sail,  with  the 
Dutton  ill  Company,  he  was  saluted  with  thirteen 
more  :  both  of  which  he  returned. 

After  leaving  St  Helena,  the  Dutton  was  order- 
ed to  steer  N.  \V.  by  W.  or  N.  W.  by  compass,  in 
order  to  avnd  falling  in  with  Asc*  nsion ;  at  which 
island,  it  was  said,  an  illicit  trade  was  carried  on  be* 
tween  the  officers  of  the  Ii  »  Company's  ships 
and  some  vessels  from  N(.rth  /i  vica.  They  kept 
company  with  this  ship  till  the  'z-  when  after 
putting  a  packet  on  board  her  for  the  Admir  dty, 
they  parted  ;  she  continuing  her  course  to  the 
N.  VV. 

In  the  morning  of  the  28th,  they  made  the  "  land  ; 
and  the  same  evening  anchored  in  Cross  Hay  on  the 
N.  W.  side,  in  tenf  ithrms  water.  They  remaii  ed 
here  till  the  evening  of  the  31st,  and  notwithhta  .ing 
thev  had  several  parties  out  every  night,  they  got 
but  twentv-four  turtles,  it  being  rather  too  late  in 
the  season  ;  however,  as  they  weighed  between  four 
and  five  hundred  poimds  each,  they  were  pretty 
well  off.  They  might  have  had  a  T>lentitul  supply 
offish  in  general;  especially  of  that  son  called  Old 
Wix'es  ;  but  the  catching  of  them  was  not  attended 
to^  the  object  being  turtle. 


538 


CAPTAilT  COOK'S 


The  island  of  Asc  nsion  is  about  ten  miles  in 
len<th,  in  the  direction  of  N.  W-  and  S.  E.  and  aboutfive 
or  six  in  breadth-  It  shews  a  surface  cornposedot 
barren  hills  and  valleys,  on  the  most  of  which  not  a 
shrub  or  plant  is  to  be  seen  for  several  miles,  but 
stones  and  ashes  in  plenty,  an  indubitable  sign  that 
the  isle,  at  some  remote  time,  has  been  dtstroyed 
by  a  volcano,  which  has  thrown  up  vast  heaps  of 
stones,  and  even  hills.  A  high  mountain  at  theS.E. 
end  of  the  isle  seems  to  be  lett  in  its  original  state, 
and  to  have  escaped  the  general  destruction,  its 
soil  is  a  kind  of  white  marl,  which  yet  retains  its 
veg;etative  qualities,  and  produceth  a  kind  of  i;ur- 
slain,  spurge,  and  one  or  twc  grasses.  On  these  the 
goats  subsist,  and  it  is  at  this  part  of  the  isle  where 
they  are  to  be  found,  as  also  land-crabs,  which  are 
said  to  be  very  good. 

While  they  lay  in  the  Road,  a  sloop  belonging  to 
Bermuda,  had  saiUd  but  a  few  davs  before  with  one 
hundred  and  five  turtle  onboard,  which  was  as  many 
as  she  could  take  in  ;  but  having  turned  several 
more  on  the  different  sandy  beaches,  they  had  rip- 
ped open  their  bellies,  taken  out  the  eg^^s,  and  left 
the  carcasses  to  putrefy  ;  an  act  as  inhuman  as  in- 
jurious to  those  who  came  after  them. 

Turtle,  it  is  said,  are  to  be  found  at  this  isle  from 
January  to  June.  The  method  of  catching  vhem  is 
to  have  people  upon  th"  several  sandy  bays,  to 
watch  their  coming  on  shore  to  lay  their  eggs,  which 
is  always  in  the  night,  and  then  to  turn  thcMn  on  their 
backs,  till  there  be  an  opportunity  to  take  them  off' 
the  next  day.  It  was  recommended  to  Captahi^ 
Cook  to  send  a  good  many  men  to  each  beach^  where 
they  were  to  lie  quiet  till  the  turtle  were  ashore,  and 
they  rise  and  turn  them  at  once.  This  method  may 
be  the  best,  when  the  turtle  are  numerous ;  but  when 
they  are  but  few,  three  or  four  men  are  sufficient  for 
the  largest  beach  ;  and  if  they  ke  p  patroling  it  close 
to  the  wash  of  the  surf,  during  the  night,  by  this 
method  they  will  see  all  that  come  ashore,  and  cause 
less  noise  than  If  there  were  more  ol  them.  It  was 
by  this  method  they  caught  the  most  they  got ;  and 


SfiCOND  VOYAGE. 


this  is  ^he  method  by  which  the  Americans  take 
them.  Nothing  is  more  certain,  than  that  all  the  tur- 
tle which  are  found  about  this  island,  come  here  for 
the  sole  purpose  of  laying  their  eggs ,  tor  they  met 
with  none  but  females  ;  and  of  all  those  which  they 
caught,  not  one  had  any  food  worth  mentioning  in  its 
stomach;  a  sure  sign  that  they  must  In  ve  been  ar 
long  lime  without  any  ;  and  this  may  be  the  reason 
why  the  flesh  of  them  is  not  so  good  as  those  caught 
on  the  coast  of  New  South  Wales,  where  they  feed. 

On  the  31st  of  May  they  left  Ascension,  and  steer- 
ed to  the  northward  with  a  fine  gale  at  S-  E.  by  E, 
They  had  a  great  desire  to  visit  the  island  of  St. 
Matth  >w,  to  settle  its  situation  ;  but  as  they  found 
the  wind  would  not  let  them  fetch  it,  they  steered 
for  the  island  of  Fernando  de  Noronha  on  the  coast 
of  Brazil,  in  order  to  determine  its  longitude. 

In  their  passage  to  Fernando  de  Noronha,  they 
had  steady  fresh  gales  between  the  S.  E.  and  E^S.  E. 
attended  with  fair  and  clear  weather. 

On  the  9th  of  June  at  noon,  they  made  that  place, 
distance  six  or  seven  leagues.  It  appeared  in  de- 
tached and  peaked  hill«,  the  largest  of  which  looked 
like  a  church  tower  or  steeple.  Whpn  they  arriv- 
ed in  the  road,  a  gun  being  fired  from  one  of  the 
forts,  the  Portuguese  colours  were  displayed,  and 
the  example  was  followed  by  all  the  other  forts.  As 
the  purpose  for  which  Captain  Cook  made  the  island 
was  answered,  viz.  to  ascertain  the  longitude,  they 
stood  away  without  landing,  with  a  gale  E.  S.  E* 

This  road  seems  to  be  well  sheltered  from  the 
south  and  east  winds.  One  of  the  seamen  had  been 
onboard  a  Dutch  India  ship,  who  put  in  at  this  isle 
in  her  way  out,  in  1770.  They  were  very  sickly,  and 
in  want  of  refreshments  and  water.  The  Portu- 
guese supplied  them  with  some  buffaloes  and  fowls  ; 
and  they  watered  behind  one  of  the  beaches  in  a  lit- 
tle pool,  which  was  hardly  big  enough  to  dip  a  buc- 
ket in. 

At  seven  o'clock  in  the  evening  on  the  18th  the 
calm  was  succeeded  by  a  breeze  at  east,  which,  the 
next  day,  increasing  and  veering  to,  and  fixing  ,at 
N.  E.  they  stretched  to  N-  W-  with  their  tacks  on 


340 


CAPTAIN  C00K*3 


board.  They  made  no  doubt  ih^it  they  had  now  p;ot 
the  N.  E.  tr:ide  wind,  as  it  was  attended  with  fnit 
"weather,  except  now  and  then  some  light  sho^^e^s 
of  rain  ;  and  as  they  advanced  to  the  north  the  wind 
Increased,  and  blew  a  frtsh  top-gallant  gale. 

On  the2i:it  of  June,  the  Captain  ordered  the  still 
to  be  fitted  to  the  largest  copper,  which  held  about 
sixty -four  gallons.  1  he  fire  was  lightened  at  four 
o'clock  in  the  niornin,^,  and  at  ?><x  the  stdl  began  to 
run.  It  was  continued  till  six  iu  the  evening ;  in 
"Which  time  they  obtained  thirty-two  g.iUons  of  fresh 
■water,  at  the  expense  of  one  bushel  and  a  half  of 
coals,  which  was  about  three  fourths  of  a  bushel 
more  than  was  necessary  to  have  boiled  the  ship's 
corrpany's  victuals  only;  but  the  expanse  of  fuel 
was  no  object  with  them*  The  victuals  were  dress- 
ed iu  the  small  copper,  the  other  being  applied 
"wholly  to  the  still ;  and  every  method  was  made 
use  of  to  obtain  from  it  the  greatest  quantity  of  fresh 
water  possible. 

Upon  the  whole,  this  is  an  useful  invention  ;  but 
the  Captain  says,  he  would  advise  no  man  to  trust 
wholly  to  it.  For  although  you  may,  provided  you 
have  plenty  of  fuel  and  good  coppers,  obtain  as 
much  water  as  will  support  life*  you  cannot,  with  all 
your  efforts,  obtain  sutncient  to  support  health,  in  hot 
cli. nates  especially,  where  it  is  the  most  wanting. 
Nothing  worth  mentioning  happen,  d  till  the  13th  of 
July,  when  they  made  the  island  of  Fayal,  one 
of  the  Azores,  and  soon  after  that  of  Pico,  under 
which  they  spent  the  night  in  mukinn:  short  boards. 
At  day-break  the  next  morning  they  bore  awav  for 
the  bay  oi  Fayal,  or  De  Horta,  where,  ateight  o'clock, 
they  anchored  in  twenty  fathoms  water. 

Thfv  found  in  the  bay,  tlie  Pourvoyeur,  a  lar,e:c 
French  frigate,  an  American  sloop,  and  a  brig  be- 
longing to  the  >>l<<ce 

The  sole  desi<;n  m  stopping  here,  was  to  give  Mr* 
Wales  an  opportunity  to  find  the  rate  of  the  watch, 
the  better  to  enable  them  to  fix,  with  some  degree 
ot'  certainty,  the  longitude  of  these  islands.  TUc 
moment  they  anxhored,  the  Captnin  sent  an  oFxef 
to  wait  on  the  £iigUsh  Consul,  and  to  noUfy  hisar^ 


SECOND  VOYAQE. 


341 


^. 


hval,  requcstinj5  permission  for  Mr.  Wales  to  make 
observations  on  shore.  Mr.  Dent,  who  acted  as 
Consul  in  the  absence  of  Mr.  Gathorne,  not  only 
procured  this  permission  of  the  Governor,  but  ac- 
commodated Mr.  Wales  with  a  convenient  place  in 
bis|^arden  to  set  up  his  instruments.  ^ 

They  were  not  more  obliged  to  Mr.  Dent  for  the 
very  friendly  readiness  he  shewed  in  procuring 
them  tliis  and  every  other  thing  they  wanted,  than 
for  the  very  liberal  and  hospitable  entertainment 
they  met  with  at  his  house,  which  was  open  to  ac« 
commodate  them  both  night  and  day. 

During  their  stay,  the  ship's  company  was  serv- 
ed with  fresh  beet ;  and  they  took  on  boaid  about 
fifteen  tons  of  water,  which  they  brought  off  in  the 
country  boats,  at  the  rate  of  about  three  shillings 
per  ton. 

Fresh  prcwisions  for  present  use  may  be  got,  such 
as  beef,  vegetables,  ana  fruit ;  and  hogs,  sheep,  and 
poultry,  for  sea-stock,  all  at  :;  pretty  reasonable 
price.  The  bullocks  and  hogs  are  very  good,  but 
the  sheep  are  small,  and  wretchedly  poor. 

The  principal  produce  of  Fayal  is  wheat  and 
Indian  corn,  with  .which  they  supply  Pico  and  some 
of  the  oilier  isles.  The  chief  town  is  called  Villa  de 
Horta  It  is  situated  in  the  bottom  of  the  bay,  close 
to  the  edge  of  the  sec%  and  is  defended  by  two  cas- 
tles, one  at  each  end  of  the  town,  and  a  wall  of  stone- 
work, extending  along  the  sea- shore  from  the  one 
to  the  other.  1  here  is  not  a  glass  window  in  the 
place,  except  what  are  in  the  churches,  and  in  a 
country-house  which  lately  belonged  to  the  English 
Consul ;  all  the  others  being  latticed,  which  to  an 
Englishman,  makes  them  look  like  prisons. 

This  little  city,  like  all  others  bt  longing  to  the 
Portuguese  is  crowded  with  religious  buildings  ; 
there  being  no  less  than  three  convents  of  men  and 
two  of  women  ;  and  eight  churches,  including  those 
belonging  to  the  convents,  and  the  one  in  the  Je- 
suits College.  , 

Fayal,  although  the  most  noted  for  wines,  does  not 
raise  sufficient  for  its  own  consumption.   This  article 

VOL.  I.  F  £ 


342 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S 


is  raised  on  Pico,  where  there  is  no  road  for  ship- 
ping ;  but  being  brought  to  De  Horia,  and  from 
thence  shipped  abroad,  chiefly  to  America,  it  has 
acQ aired  tne  name  of  Fayal  wine. 

A  Portuguese  Captain  told  Captain  Cook,  that 
about  half  a  League  from  the  road  in  the  direction  of 
S.  £.  in  a  line  between  it  and  the  south  side  ot  Pico, 
lies  a  sunken  rock,  over  which  is  twenty-two  feet 
water,  and  on  which  the  sea  breaks  in  hard  gales 
from  the  south. 

Having  left  the  bay,  at  four  in  the  momini;  of  the 
19th,  they  steered  for  the  west  end  of'  St  Geoi'ge'g 
Island*  As  soon  as  they  had  passed  it,  they  steered 
for  the  island  of  Tercera  ;  and  after  having  run 
thirteen  leagues,  they  were  not  more  than  one  leat^^ue 
from  the  west  end-  They  now  edged  away  for  the 
north  side,  with  a  view  of  ranging  the  coast  to  the 
eastern  point,  in  order  to  ascertain  the  length  of  the 
island ;  but  the  weather  coming  on  very  thick  and 
hazy,  and  night  approaching,  they  gave  up  the  de- 
sign, and  proceeded  with  all  expedition  for  England. 
On  the  29th  of  July  they  made  the  land  near  Ply- 
mouth. The  next  morning  they  anchored  at  Spit- 
head  ;  and  the  same  day  Capf  in  Cook  landed  at 
Portsmouth,  and  set  out  for  London  in  company  with 
Messrs.  Wales,  Forsters,  and  Hodges. 

Having  been  absent  from  England  three  years  and 
eighteen  days,  in  which  time,  and  under  all  changes 
of  climate,  he  lost  but  four  men,  and  only  one  of 
them  by  sickness,  it  may  not  be  amiss,  at  the  con- 
clusion of  this  journal,  to  enumerate  the  several 
causes,  to  which,  under  the  care  of  Providence,  the 
Captain  says,  he  conceives  this  uncommon  good  state 
of  health,  experienced  by  his  people,  was  owing, 
lliey  were  furnished  with  a  quantity  of  malt,  of 
which  was  made  Sweet-wort,  To  such  of  the  men 
as  shewed  the  least  svmptoms  of  the  scurvy,  and 
also  to  such  as  were  thought  to  be  threatened  witii 
that  disorder,  this  was  given,  from  one  to  two  or 
three  pints  a  day  each  man ;  or  m  such  proportion 
as  the  surgeon  found  necessary,  %vhich  sometimes 
amounted  to  three  quarts.    This  is,  without  doubt, 

one  of  the  best  antiscorbutic  sea  roedicinei  y^t  dis« 


mm 


BH 


!■■ 


SECOND  VOYAGE. 


34S 


Covered;  and,  if  used  in  time,  will,  with  prdper  aN 
tention  to  other  things,  nr  doubt  prevent  the  scarv^^ 
from  making  any  great  progress  for  a  corisiderabto 
■while  ;  tliough  perhaps  it  may  not  cure  it  at  sea. 

Sour  Krout^  of  which  they  had  a  large  quantity, 
18  a  wholesome  vegetable  food,  highly  anu-scorbutic; 
and  it  spoils  not  by  keeping*  A  pr^und  of  this  was 
served  to  each  man,  when  at  sea,  twice  a  week,  cjt 
oftener,  as  was  thought  necessary. 

Portable  Broth  was  another  gi*eat  article,  of 
which  they  had  a  large  supply.  An  ounce  of  this  to 
each  man,  or  such  other  proportion  as  circumstan* 
CCS  pointed  out,  was  boiled  in  their  pease,  three  days 
a  week ;  and  when  they  were  in  places  where  vege-- 
tables  werd  to  be  got,  it  was  boiled  with  them,  and 
wheat  or  oatmeal,  every  morning  for  breakfast ;  and 
also  with  pease  and  vegetables  for  dinner.  It  ena- 
bled them  to  make  several  nourishing  ant^  whole- 
some messes,  and  was  the  means  of  making  iW  peo- 
ple eat  a  greater  quantity  of  vegetables  than  they 
would  otherwise  have  done. 

Rob  of  Lemonmnd  Orange^  is  an  anti- scorbutic 
they  were  not  witnout.  The  surgeon  made  use  of 
it  in  many  cases  with  great  success. 

But  the  introdudtion  of  the  most  salutary  articles, 
either  as  provisions  or  medicines,  will  generally 
prove  unsuccessful,  unless  supported  by  certain  regu- 
lations. On  this  principle,  many  yeaiV  experience, 
together  with  some  hints  the  Captain  had  from  Sir 
Hugh  Palliser,  Captain  Campbell,  VVallis,  and  other 
intelligent  officers,  enabled  him  to  lay  a  plan  where- 
by all  were  to  be  governed. 

The  crew  were  at  three  watches,  except  upon 
some  extraordinary  occasions.  13y  this  means  they 
were  not  so  much  exposed  to  the  weather  as  if  they 
had  been  at  watch  and  watch,  and  had  generally 
dry  clothes  to  shift  themselves,  when  they  happened 
to  get  wet-  Care  was  also  taken  to  expose  them  as 
little  to  wet  weather  as  possible. 

Proper  methods  were  used  to  keep  their  persons, 
hammocks,  l>edding,  clothes,  &c.  constantly  clean 
and  dry.  Equal  care  was  taken  to  keep  the  ship 
clean  and  dry,  betwixt  decks*     Once  or  twice  » 


344 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S,  uc. 


Vfetk  she  was  aired  with  fires ;  and  when  this  couM 
not  be  done,  she  was  sn)6ked  witli  giin*powder, 
mixed  with  vinegar  or  water.  They  had  also,  fi-e- 
quently,  a  fire  made  in  an  iron  pot,  at  the  bottom  o£ 
the  well,  which  was  of  great  use  in  purifying  the 
air  in  the  lower  purts  of  the  ship.  To  this,  and  to 
cleanliness,  as  well  in  the  ship  as  amongst  tiie  peo- 
ple, too  great  attention  cannot  be  paid ;  the  least 
neglect  occasions  a  putrid  and  disagreeable  smell 
below,  which  nothing  but  fires  will  remove. 

Captain  Cooic  concludes  liis  account  of  this  his 
second  voyage  round  the  world  as  follows : 

*•  It  doth  not  become  me  to  say  how  far  the  prin- 
cipal objects  of  our  voyage  have  been  obtained^ 
Though  it  hath  not  abounded  with  remarkable 
events,  nor  been  diversified  by  sudden  transitions  of 
fortune ;  though  my  relation  of  it  has  been  njorc 
employed  in  tracing  our  course  by  sea,  than  in  re- 
cording our  operations  on  shore;  this,  perhaps,  is  a 
circumstance  from  which  the  curious  reader  may  in- 
fer, that  the  purposes  for  which  we  were  sent  into 
the  southern  heqiisphere,  were  diligently  aiKl  effcc* 
tually  pursued*  Had  we  found  oiit  a  continent  tliere, 
we  might  have  been  better  enabled  'to  gratify  curi- 
osity ;  but  we  hope  our  not  having  found  it,  aftej*  all 
our  persevering  researches,  will  leave  less  room  for 
future  speculation  about  unknown  worlds  remaining 
to  be  explored. 

"  But  whatever  may  be  the  public  judgment  about 
other  matters,  it  is  with  real  satisfaction,  and  with- 
out claiming  any  merit  but  of  attention  to  my  duty,* 
that  I  can  conclude  this  account  with  an  observation, 
which  facts  enable  me  to  make,  that  pur  having  dis- 
covered the  possibility  of  preserving  health  amongst 
a  numerous  ship's  company,  for  such  a  length  of 
time,  in  such  varieties  of  climate,  and  amidst  such 
continued  hardships  and  fatigues,  will  make  this 
voyage  remarkable  in  the  opinion  of  every  benevo- 
lent person,  when  the  disputes  about  a  Southern 
Continent  shall  have  ceased  to  engage  the  attentioOi 
And  to  divide  the  judgment  of  Pliilosophers." 

BNP  Of  CAPTAIN  COOK'S  SiECOND  YOYAOB. 


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